Open research Europe最新文献

{"title":"EUPopLink Country report - Czechia.","authors":"Vladimír Naxera, Alexandra Halounová, Petia Gueorguieva","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.23458.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.23458.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This country report examines the relationship between populism and Euroscepticism in the Czech Republic, a country characterised by strong populist parties and a long-standing critical attitude towards the European Union. Using the EUPopLink framework, the report demonstrates that Euroscepticism is prevalent across the political spectrum, not just among explicitly populist parties. Although hard Eurosceptic positions exist, including calls for 'Czexit', they remain politically marginal. The findings reveal that the relationship between populism and Euroscepticism is not straightforward: non-populist actors may also adopt Eurosceptic stances, and populist parties exhibit varying degrees and forms of EU criticism. Nevertheless, recent developments suggest that right-wing and Eurosceptic forms of populism are strengthening.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A participatory protocol for collective decision-making in cultural organisations.","authors":"Mina Dragouni, Vasilis Avdikos, Martha Michailidou, Dimitris Pettas, Nikolaos Georgantzis","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21601.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.21601.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last decades, museums and cultural organisations in Europe are increasingly turning towards inclusive and collaborative approaches to engaging with the public. While participatory work has become present in diverse forms and levels across sectoral practice, effective tools and frameworks for embedding participation into governance and everyday decision-making are still relatively scarce. This gap highlights a critical need for experimenting with participatory designs that enable cultural organisations to pursue and practically realise open and democratic modes of management and organisational processes. Along these lines, the contribution of this paper is twofold: First, it opens a window into the functioning of decision-making processes in cultural organisations. Second, it proposes and experimentally tests a protocol for participatory decision-making with cultural organisations in France, Greece and Germany. The protocol involves, first, an \"anonymous\" stage in which participants engage in a two-step \"proposal-then-Borda voting\" process. Each participant's proposed agenda is the ideal combination of traits of a project to be developed by the team. Once all the proposed projects are received and anonymously presented to all participants, a Borda voting rule is applied to select the \"winning\" project. A brainstorming session follows, where participants publicly discuss the winning project and propose variations or major modifications until a unanimous decision is reached. This protocol was developed and tested in three real-world collective decision-making sessions with members of cultural organisations during participatory workshops in Dijon, Athens and Berlin. The protocol shaped decisions openly and democratically, combining (i) endogenous project agenda formation, which translates individual preferences into sets of alternative solutions, (ii) a Borda rule-assisted collective choice, where members vote the most preferred solution, and (iii) consensual brainstorming deliberation, where the winner of the preceding proposal and voting stages serve as a starting point. The protocol can be used to support modes of democratic management in cultural organisations, by assisting a decision-making practice that enables members to learn their own and others' preferences while navigating complex, multidimensional choices across organisation strategy, programming and day-to-day operation problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From principles to practice: A code of conduct for the human-centered and ethical development of immersive technologies.","authors":"Rosemarie De La Cruz Bernabe, Rigmor C Baraas, Shereen Cox, Lene A Hagen","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.22230.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.22230.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The XR4Human Code of Conduct was developed over a 12-month period using a participatory co-design approach that combined multi-disciplinary expert workshops with members of the consortium followed by stakeholder and public consultations. The process was intentionally iterative. Drafting, review, and revision were guided by reflective equilibrium to reconcile empirical inputs from the project deliverables, normative principles, and practical constraints. The final Code is organised into nine domains that consolidate core principles relevant to the responsible design, development, and deployment of XR systems. These principles are made more concrete through seven articles that specify actionable obligations. To support real-world adoption, the Code is operationalised via an Ethical Impact Assessment and a companion Compliance Checklist aligned to the core principles and articles.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histories of sardine fisheries. architecture and environment in the Bay of Biscay (1846-1965).","authors":"Alice Nouvet, André Tavares, Giulia Secci-Petretto, Rafael Sousa Santos, Garðar Eyjólfsson, Sónia Gabriel, Claudia Soares, Diego Inglez de Souza, Neftalí Sillero","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.23094.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.23094.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study combines historical cartography and statistical analysis to examine France Atlantic's sardine fisheries across time (1846-1965) and spatial scales, from individual harbours to the continental shelf. It aims to use interdisciplinary methods to identify the relations between European sardine populations ( <i>Sardina pilchardus</i>), climatic fluctuations, and the material structures associated with fishing-including vessels and coastal infrastructures. The underlying hypothesis is that long-term sardines fluctuations in landings influenced the way we built on land and, in turn, exerted pressures on sardines ecologies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Historical data on fishing vessels, coastal infrastructures, sardine landings, territorial occupation by canneries, fishing grounds, and fisher censuses were compiled to reconstruct the temporalities of fishing landscapes. First, we quantified the spatial expansion of canneries and shoreline infrastructures. While canneries were the product of private industrial investment, shoreline infrastructures included both private and public developments. Given the limited availability of detailed funding records, subsequent analyses focused on publicly funded coastal works, for which investment amounts and construction timelines could be reconstructed and compared with profits derived from fish landings. Second, in the absence of consistent financial records or urban plans at the continental-shelf scale, population census data were used as a proxy for urban growth and related to fishing effort to identify areas of intensified pressure. These patterns were then compared with the spatial distribution of fishing grounds. Finally, sardine landings were analysed against environmental indices and vessel characteristics to assess their relative influence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The assessment revealed: (1) a long-term decline in sardine landings that does not seem to be influenced by environmental variability; (2) the continuing expansion of harbour infrastructures and vessels tonnage even when landing values declined; (3) trends toward the spatial concentration of fishing effort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that harbour works were driven less by an objective awareness of ecological pressure than by latent development projects activated during fishing crises. Rather than serving as a passive backdrop to the history of fisheries, these infrastructures actively shaped the circulation of sardine landings, capital investment, and fishing activity along the coast.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method development for pancreatic and ovarian cancer baseline ctDNA detection and measurable residual disease monitoring.","authors":"Tim Alexander Steiert, Philipp M Altrock, Axel Künstner, Vishal Dixit, Burkhard Brandt, Pamela Pinzani, Hauke Busch, Andre Franke, Michael Forster","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.23403.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.23403.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer are very challenging to diagnose at early stages. The endoscopic retrieval of biopsy tissue from a suspected benign or malignant lesion is challenging due to the tissue's nature. Therefore, within the Instand-NGS4P framework, we developed Measurable Residual Disease (MRD) prototypes to analyze blood plasma samples, with the aim of cost-effectively supporting the differential diagnosis of suspected pancreatic or ovarian neoplasms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our MRD prototypes examine blood plasma for mutations in cell-free DNA in specific genes associated with pancreatic neoplasms or ovarian neoplasms, respectively. Unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) are used to enable bioinformatic error correction. Ultra-deep sequencing is demonstrated on sequencing platforms from two different vendors (Illumina and MGI). We provide detailed information on bioinformatic processing of sequencing data to perform error-correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using commercially available reference standards, we demonstrate stable mutation detection down to a variant allele frequency (VAF) of 0.1% with both 40 ng and 20 ng DNA input. At a coverage of 4,000x duplex consensus reads, only two false positives were observed, which can be efficiently mitigated using an appropriate filtering strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The technical usability of our MRD prototype has been clearly demonstrated for stable low-level VAF detection in commercial reference samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From marginalization to transformation: Examining structural injustices and policy impacts on Albania's Roma and Egyptian communities.","authors":"Eglantina Dervishi","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.23119.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.23119.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the role of conflict, suffering, and structural injustices in driving transformative processes within Albania's Roma and Egyptian communities, emphasizing how these experiences challenge consensus-driven approaches to social change. By analyzing systemic inequalities and power struggles through critical theory frameworks, the study highlights the importance of addressing conflict as a catalyst for transformation in the face of global challenges like climate change and the Capitalocene. The research draws on policy reviews and academic literature to examine the intersection of social exclusion, poverty, and environmental justice, revealing the limitations of current 'just transition' policies. The findings underscore that conflict and inequality must be acknowledged and addressed to achieve meaningful, justice-oriented transitions, particularly in marginalized communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EUPopLink Country report - Netherlands.","authors":"Stijn van Kessel","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.24218.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.24218.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This country report, prepared as part of the EUPopLink COST Action, discusses populist Euroscepticism in Dutch party politics, as well as its limited consequences. Criticisms of the EU's functioning notwithstanding, mainstream parties as well as a large majority of Dutch citizens continue to support membership of the European Union. The salience of European integration as a campaign issue has generally been low. Two far-right parties have - in one case temporarily - taken 'hard Eurosceptic' positions, voicing support for a Dutch exit from the EU. Yet the report suggests that populist parties in the Netherlands have been characterised by an 'instrumental Euroscepticism' whereby the EU is brought up as a theme insofar as it is seen to help emphasise a political actor's message and underlying ideological agenda.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy integration, policy coherence, and whole-of-government approaches: a qualitative systematic review of advice for policymakers.","authors":"Paul Cairney","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19864.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19864.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pursuit of policy integration and policy coherence represents the ultimate gap between aspiration and reality. Policy processes are too fragmented to produce coherent policies to address complex problems. Whole-of-government and joined-up-government are popular buzzwords that struggle for meaning and traction. How can policymakers and researchers address this problem? I searched multiple academic literatures for advice on how to improve policy integration and coherence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative systematic review of 705 academic journal articles identified in two systematic reviews on 'whole-of-government and joined-up government' (WG/JUG, 340) and 'policy integration' (PI, 413), and snowballed texts in academic and grey literatures (65) (net total 770). I searched each text for advice on how to foster policy process integration to boost policy coherence. I used an immersive inductive approach, and policy theory insights, to identify common themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most accounts describe aspirations for integration and coherence. Few describe substantive progress. The literature describes <i>requirements</i> for integration and coherence and inevitable or routine policymaking <i>barriers.</i> This comparison of barriers and facilitators helps to inform a realistic approach, to combine managed expectations and practical advice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Five themes of practical advice connect aspiration to limited progress. Explain what policy integration means, since a rhetorical commitment means nothing. Identify your rationale, model, and theory of change. Engage with trade-offs between top-down and bottom-up conceptions of policy coherence. Explain why the pursuit of integration has advantages over a reasonable alternative, such as specialisation. Learn about facilitators from studies of success and barriers from studies of failure. These lessons help to clarify your aims, connect them to routine government business, and ensure capacity to deliver. This advice may seem obvious in theory, but lacks traction in practice when governments lack the willingness and ability to follow it.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurodivergent Researchers in Autism Research: A Survey within the AIMS-2-TRIALS Consortium.","authors":"Teresa Del Bianco, Georgia Lockwood Estrin, Alexandra Lautarescu, Bethany F Oakley, Eliza Eaton, Jerneja Terčon, Sarah Douglas, Jan Roderik Derk Plas, David Belton, Eva Loth, Mary Doherty, Emily J H Jones","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19394.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19394.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Growing emphasis on participatory and community-informed research has increased interest in the representation of neurodivergent researchers within the research workforce. This exploratory study investigated the presence of neurodivergent researchers within a large European autism research consortium and examined associations with selected demographic, occupational, and mental health characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous survey was distributed to active contributors within the consortium. Participants reported autism diagnosis status, self-identification, other neurodevelopmental conditions, demographic characteristics, career stage, and lifetime mental health diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>33% percent of participants met the study definition of neurodivergence, including researchers with a formal autism diagnosis, those undergoing diagnostic assessment, self-identified autistic researchers, and researchers reporting other neurodevelopmental conditions. Neurodivergent researchers were represented across all career stages within the consortium. Neurodivergence was associated with increased odds of reporting a lifetime mental health diagnosis after adjustment for age and gender. Bayesian sensitivity analyses produced consistent findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide an initial characterisation of neurodivergent researchers within a large autism research consortium and underscore the importance of considering neurodivergent researchers as part of broader discussions on inclusion in autism research. Further research across multiple research settings is needed to better understand workforce experiences, disclosure, and support needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle sustainability assessment of a multi-technology action for food loss and waste prevention.","authors":"María Jesús Muñoz-Torres, Idoya Ferrero-Ferrero, José Vicente Gisbert-Navarro, Elena Escrig-Olmedo","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.22916.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.22916.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food waste persists as a global challenge, with upstream preventive technological innovations still insufficiently evaluated for their sustainability performance despite policy pressure and the Sustainable Development Goals. The objective of this article is to present a sustainability assessment, from a life-cycle perspective, of an innovative food waste prevention and reduction (FLWPR) action that integrates multiple technologies within the fresh potato supply chain and to examine to what extent the food waste hierarchy aligns with multidimensional sustainability criteria. The intervention applies to a pilot phase technology that consists of advanced imaging and sensor-based detection system to identify internal defects in potatoes early in the supply chain. Potatoes identified as defective are redirected for valorization using commercially available technology into fifth-range products, animal feed, or starch.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The multi-technological FLWPR action is assessed by applying a Sustainability Life Cycle Assessment using the EF 3.1 method for environmental impacts, a SHDB-based method for social impacts, and Life Cycle Costing for the economic dimension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demonstrate a substantial reduction in food loss and waste, a reduction in the impacts of the three pillars of sustainability and a successful implementation of circular economy practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The contribution of this work lies in providing one of the first holistic life-cycle sustainability evaluations of an upstream preventive technological FLWPR action. It demonstrates how the impacts observed during a pilot phase of a technological intervention can be effectively complemented by already commercialized technologies, thereby generating significant system-wide benefits. Moreover, the work highlights pathways to reinforce circularity and enhance sustainability across food supply chains.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}