Open research Europe最新文献

{"title":"Who's afraid of the political novel? An introduction.","authors":"Ivana Perica, Aurore Peyroles","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19915.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19915.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our purpose in this introduction and in the research project The Cartography of the Political Novel (Caponeu), to which this collection belongs, is not to introduce a new category that complements - or opposes - other established genre designations such as the engaged novel or the thesis novel. Rather, it is about examining the relevance of the term 'political novel' anew. Why do we consider it important, both as a tentative genre and as a politically productive and dynamic social phenomenon, both in its past, its present and - predictably - in its future? While recognising the current scholarly interest in the inherently political nature of all writing, we argue that certain novels, unlike many others, benefit from being more directly designated as political novels.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12409254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Science Practices in Integrated Assessment Models.","authors":"Clàudia Rodés-Bachs, Jon Sampedro, Natasha Frilingou, Francesco Gardumi, Camilla Lo Giudice","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18824.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18824.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Open science emphasizes the free and accessible dissemination of scholarly outputs to a wide audience, including scientists, stakeholders, and the general public. Its core principle is the open sharing of knowledge to enable reuse, replication, and uphold research integrity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using insights from a survey designed to explore the open science practices within integrated assessment modeling (IAM) teams, as well as the challenges and barriers they face, we propose an open science protocol tailored specifically to the needs of IAMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed protocol improves the transparency, accessibility, reliability, reusability, and interoperability of IAM models and results. Grounded in the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR) and transparency, responsibility, user focus, sustainability, and technology (TRUST) principles, it supports the transformation of models' outputs into real-world applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By fostering enhanced trust and engagement from policymakers, this protocol supports the broader adoption of open science in IAMs. It is complemented by a checklist and includes recommendations for open-source platforms and tools, simplifying workflows and minimizing the need for specialized expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying relevant exposure determinants and conditions of use for welding emissions.","authors":"Antti Joonas Koivisto, Maxime Eliat, Michael Jayjock, Tareq Hussein, Alessia Nicosia","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19498.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19498.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conditions of Use (CoU) defines the operational conditions and risk management measures that result in adequately controlled exposure. It is mandatory to provide CoUs in Exposure Scenarios for the REACH legislation. CoU assessment based on similar exposure groups is a case-specific approach and not very efficient. We demonstrate how to quantify relevant exposure determinants and find optimal CoUs for welding using probabilistic exposure modelling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single and two-compartment models were applied to calculate exposure levels under specified conditions for five welding processes with the highest emissions. Model performance was tested using independently reported emissions and two field measurement studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Welding fume concentrations were predicted within the range of 0.93 to 3.4 times the measured levels for three different welding scenarios, where two scenarios were repeated with four and five different ventilation rates. CoUs were quantified for welding with five different electrodes when welding is performed without local exhaust ventilation controls, with a fume extraction torch, and with local exhaust ventilation. The exposure level was adequately controlled for three electrodes when controls were applied. Exposure assessment refinement proposals were given based on the relevant exposure determinants. The maximum emission factor was calculated for total fume emissions. A proposal for emission labelling was established.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CoU quantification was successfully demonstrated for total welding fume emissions. CoU results can be applied for welding processes where emissions are less than specified for the operational conditions specified here. Only total fume emissions were considered here, which may not be the limiting factor for risk; volatile and individual metal emissions were not considered. The approach applies to point sources for which emissions are adequately characterized. CoU assessment can be used to develop emission labelling and process specific safety actions. Compared to the traditional case-specific approach, modeling using this general approach will significantly improve cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender mainstreaming and gender-disaggregated data on migrant women: WEMov's Open Letter.","authors":"Stellamarina Donato, Marie Ruiz","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18103.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18103.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The European Union (EU) stands as a mosaic of diversity, enriched by a substantial migrant population, where women play a vital role. Migrant women face vulnerabilities, often disproportionate to their male counterparts. Yet, they also make significant economic and social contributions as entrepreneurs, professionals, caregivers, activists, and members of their communities. This open letter is a brief that argues that gender mainstreaming and the utilization of gender-disaggregated data are crucial tools for addressing gender disparities and ensuring effective policymaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12264470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reception Centers and Practices for Women Migrants.","authors":"Marie Ruiz, Stellamarina Donato","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18207.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.18207.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper focuses on reception centers for women migrants from a gender mainstreaming perspective and it reflects on the current practices and their adequacy with women migrants' needs. Based on COST Action Women on the Move (CA19112)'s experience and research, it discusses the different typologies of reception facilities, and highlights the impact of reception on women migrants' integration, as well as the necessity to coordinate best practices across Europe and EU Member States. Then authors recommend to improve the quality of reception with better trained staff and measures adequate to women migrants' specific needs for their safety and health. The research also suggests introducing integrative programs and coordinating information and good practices across Europe, but above all an end to detention centers for migrants.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) science: Resolving the hot and ionized Universe through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect.","authors":"Luca Di Mascolo, Yvette Perrott, Tony Mroczkowski, Srinivasan Raghunathan, Stefano Andreon, Stefano Ettori, Aurora Simionescu, Joshiwa van Marrewijk, Claudia Cicone, Minju Lee, Dylan Nelson, Laura Sommovigo, Mark Booth, Pamela Klaassen, Paola Andreani, Martin A Cordiner, Doug Johnstone, Eelco van Kampen, Daizhong Liu, Thomas J Maccarone, Thomas W Morris, John Orlowski-Scherer, Amélie Saintonge, Matthew Smith, Alexander E Thelen, Sven Wedemeyer","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.17449.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.17449.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An omnipresent feature of the multi-phase \"cosmic web\" - the large-scale filamentary backbone of the Universe - is that warm/hot (≳ 10 ⁵ K) ionized gas pervades it. This gas constitutes a relevant contribution to the overall universal matter budget across multiple scales, from the several tens of Mpc-scale intergalactic filaments, to the Mpc intracluster medium (ICM), all the way down to the circumgalactic medium (CGM) surrounding individual galaxies from ∼ 1 kpc up to their respective virial radii (∼ 100 kpc). The study of the hot baryonic component of cosmic matter density represents a powerful means for constraining the intertwined evolution of galactic populations and large-scale cosmological structures, for tracing the matter assembly in the Universe and its thermal history. To this end, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect provides the ideal observational tool for measurements out to the beginnings of structure formation. The SZ effect is caused by the scattering of the photons from the cosmic microwave background off the hot electrons embedded within cosmic structures, and provides a redshift-independent perspective on the thermal and kinematic properties of the warm/hot gas. Still, current and next-generation (sub)millimeter facilities have been providing only a partial view of the SZ Universe due to any combination of: limited angular resolution, spectral coverage, field of view, spatial dynamic range, sensitivity, or all of the above. In this paper, we motivate the development of a wide-field, broad-band, multi-chroic continuum instrument for the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) by identifying the scientific drivers that will deepen our understanding of the complex thermal evolution of cosmic structures. On a technical side, this will necessarily require efficient multi-wavelength mapping of the SZ signal with an unprecedented spatial dynamic range (from arcsecond to tens of arcminutes) and we employ detailed theoretical forecasts to determine the key instrumental constraints for achieving our goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11950722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SentemQC - A novel and cost-efficient method for quality assurance and quality control of high-resolution frequency sensor data in fresh waters.","authors":"Sofie Gyritia Madsen Van't Veen, Brian Kronvang, Joachim Audet, Thomas Alexander Davidson, Erik Jeppesen, Esben Astrup Kristensen, Søren Erik Larsen, Jane Rosenstand Laugesen, Eti Ester Levi, Anders Nielsen, Peter Mejlhede Andersen","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18134.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18134.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing use of sensors in fresh waters for water quality measurements generates an increasingly large amount of data that requires quality assurance (QA)/quality control (QC) before the results can be exploited. Such a process is often resource-intensive and may not be consistent across users and sensors. SentemQC (QC of high temporal resolution sensor data) is a cost-efficient, and open-source Python approach developed to ensure the quality of sensor data by performing data QC on large volumes of high-frequency (HF) sensor data. The SentemQC method is computationally efficient and features a six-step user-friendly setup for anomaly detection. The method marks anomalies in data using five moving windows. These windows connect each data point to neighboring points, including those further away in the moving window. As a result, the method can mark not only individual outliers but also clusters of anomalies. Our analysis shows that the method is robust for detecting anomalies in HF sensor data from multiple water quality sensors measuring nitrate, turbidity, oxygen, and pH. The sensors were installed in three different freshwater ecosystems (two streams and one lake) and experimental lake mesocosms. The explored sensor data revealed anomaly percentages ranging from 0.1% to 0.8% of the cleaned datasets by SentemQC. While the sensors in this study contained relatively few anomalies (<2%), they may represent a best-case scenario in terms of use and maintenance. SentemQC allows the user to include the individual sensor uncertainty/accuracy when performing QC. However, SentemQC cannot function independently. Additional QA-QC steps are crucial, including calibration of the sensor data to correct for zero offsets and implementation of gap-filling methods prior to the use of the sensor data for determination of final real-time concentrations and load calculations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Pierre Michon's <i>The Eleven</i> a political novel?","authors":"Nenad Ivić","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19922.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19922.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pierre Michon's <i>The Eleven</i> ( <i>Les Onze</i>, 2009) is narrated by a cicerone who entertains visitors to the Musée du Louvre and describes the painting of eleven members of the <i>Comité de salut public</i> during the French Revolution, which revisits the history of politics at the decisive moment of <i>la Terreur</i>. The novel purports to be a commentary on the painting, the people it depicts, the circumstances of its creation and its author. However, the painting is imaginary, as is the quotation from Jules Michelet's <i>Histoire de la Révolution française</i> that legitimises it. The complex interplay of literary traditions and techniques used in the novel defies the banality of a running commentary on political figures and circumstances told in a realist mode to evoke instead the spectacle of telling/making the history/story of politics as a surge of terror, thus revealing the abyss implicit in the performative situation of the protagonist and his audience doubling/mimicking the text and the reader: originary fiction of politics as imaginative re-enactment of the politics of fiction that redeems the Revolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) science: Gas and dust in nearby galaxies.","authors":"Daizhong Liu, Amelie Saintonge, Caroline Bot, Francisca Kemper, Enrique Lopez-Rodriguez, Matthew Smith, Thomas Stanke, Paola Andreani, Alessandro Boselli, Claudia Cicone, Timothy A Davis, Bendix Hagedorn, Akhil Lasrado, Ann Mao, Serena Viti, Mark Booth, Pamela Klaassen, Tony Mroczkowski, Frank Bigiel, Melanie Chevance, Martin A Cordiner, Luca Di Mascolo, Doug Johnstone, Minju Lee, Thomas Maccarone, Alexander E Thelen, Eelco van Kampen, Sven Wedemeyer","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.17459.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.17459.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the physical processes that regulate star formation and galaxy evolution are major areas of activity in modern astrophysics. Nearby galaxies offer unique opportunities to inspect interstellar medium (ISM), star formation (SF), radiative, dynamic and magnetic ( <math><mover><mi>B</mi> <mo>→</mo></mover> </math> ) physics in great detail from sub-galactic (kpc) scales to sub-cloud (sub-pc) scales, from quiescent galaxies to starbursts, and from field galaxies to overdensities. In this case study, we discuss the major breakthroughs in this area of research that will be enabled by the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST), a proposed 50-m single-dish submillimeter telescope. The new discovery space of AtLAST comes from its exceptional sensitivity, in particular to extended low surface brightness emission, a very large 2° field of view, and correspondingly high mapping efficiency. This paper focuses on four themes which will particularly benefit from AtLAST: 1) the LMC and SMC, 2) extragalactic magnetic fields, 3) the physics and chemistry of the interstellar medium, and 4) star formation and galaxy evolution. With ~ 1000 - 2000 hour surveys each, AtLAST could deliver deep dust continuum maps of the entire LMC and SMC fields at parsec-scale resolution, high-resolution maps of the magnetic field structure, gas density, temperature and composition of the dense and diffuse ISM in ~ 100 nearby galaxies, as well as the first large-scale blind CO survey in the nearby Universe, delivering molecular gas masses for up to 10 ⁶ galaxies (3 orders of magnitude more than current samples). Through such observing campaigns, AtLAST will have a profound impact on our understanding of the baryon cycle and star formation across a wide range of environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12287688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144710158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does personal relevance moderate communication effects? The example of risk communication about 5G-related electromagnetic fields.","authors":"Marie Eggeling-Böcker, Efthymios Karabetsos, Maria Christopoulou, Sarah C Link, Ferdinand Abacioglu, Christoph Boehmert","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19236.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19236.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Technological advancements, such as the introduction of the fifth generation technology standard 5G, offer opportunities but also raise concerns. Although no evidence suggests negative effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) within defined exposure limits, authorities responsible for risk communication provide precautionary advice to help citizens reduce personal exposure. However, previous research indicates that precautionary information can increase risk perception and decrease trust.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study investigated effects of precautionary information on risk perception and trust in the context of 5G, using large general population samples in Germany and Greece. For the first time, personal relevance was examined as a potential moderating factor, using a novel approach to assess practical and thematic relevance. Participants were first surveyed on their relevance of the topic, then provided with basic information about \"RF-EMF and health\", and, in the experimental group, with additional precautionary information. Different measures for risk perception and trust followed. We expected higher risk perception and lower trust for the experimental group, and assumed that at lower personal relevance, this effect would be stronger.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Contrary to expectations, precautionary information increased just one risk perception measure and only in Germany. The anticipated moderating effect of personal relevance was not found, but relevance itself significantly predicted risk perception, with higher relevance correlating with higher risk perception. Exploratory findings revealed higher risk perception among females compared to males and in Greece compared to Germany.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>That there were only few effects of the precautionary information may be linked to the focus on actions to reduce personal exposure when using mobile devices. The results underline the importance of considering personal relevance and demographic factors in risk communication and highlight directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}