Nature reviews psychology最新文献_第2页

A framework for understanding effective allyship 了解有效盟友关系的框架

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00359-0

Evava S. Pietri, Charlotte E. Moser, Veronica Derricks, India R. Johnson

{"title":"A framework for understanding effective allyship","authors":"Evava S. Pietri, Charlotte E. Moser, Veronica Derricks, India R. Johnson","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00359-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00359-0","url":null,"abstract":"Highly publicized instances of social injustice have raised awareness of inequities and motivated people with advantaged identities to work to end oppression and advocate for members of marginalized groups — in other words, to act as ‘allies’. When successful, engaging in allyship can promote marginalized individuals’ belonging and well-being. However, actions meant to convey allyship can be ineffective or harmful. Thus, it is important to understand how people might act as effective allies — that is, how they might enact allyship efforts that marginalized group members identify as meaningful and that promote psychological benefits for these groups. In this Review, we outline a framework of effective allyship that posits four key and related components: awareness, authentic motivation, action orientation and all-inclusivity. More specifically, taking part in allyship entails acknowledging systemic bias and privileged identities, being motivated by personal values, engaging in high-effort and consistent ally actions, and supporting all members of a marginalized group, including those with multiply marginalized identities. We discuss research supporting the importance of each element, focusing on work with marginalized individuals, and we describe ally interventions. When carefully considered and tailored to relevant marginalized groups, these four components are crucial to acting as an effective ally and fostering welcoming climates. When successful, engaging in allyship can promote belonging and well-being in marginalized individuals. In this Review, Pietri et al. outline a framework for effective allyship that includes four crucial and related components: awareness, authentic motivation, action orientation and all-inclusivity.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive affect and reward processing in the treatment of depression, anxiety and trauma 治疗抑郁、焦虑和创伤时的积极情绪和奖赏处理

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00355-4

Michelle G. Craske, Barnaby D. Dunn, Alicia E. Meuret, Sakina J. Rizvi, Charles T. Taylor

{"title":"Positive affect and reward processing in the treatment of depression, anxiety and trauma","authors":"Michelle G. Craske, Barnaby D. Dunn, Alicia E. Meuret, Sakina J. Rizvi, Charles T. Taylor","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00355-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00355-4","url":null,"abstract":"The inability to experience pleasure or interest in activities (commonly referred to in clinical settings as anhedonia) is characteristic of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental health conditions. Diminished positive emotions and anhedonia predict poor long-term outcomes, but conventional psychological treatments have only modest effects upon positive emotions. In this Review, we consider the impact of diminished positive affect and anhedonia on depression, anxiety and trauma and present evidence to suggest underlying deficits in reward processing. We describe psychological treatments that aim to increase positive emotions — including emerging therapies and neurocognitive training programmes that specifically target reward hyposensitivities — and the supporting evidence for their efficacy. We argue that a paradigm shift away from treatments primarily focused on alleviating negative emotions (the current gold standard) towards treatments that augment reward processing and positive emotions will prove valuable to enhance treatment response and overall quality of life of people with mental health conditions. Treatments for depression, anxiety and trauma primarily focus on alleviating negative emotions, but their effectiveness is limited. In this Review, Craske et al. describe evidence suggesting that a shift towards interventions that target positive affect and reward processing could enhance treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychology needs philosophy 心理学需要哲学

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00365-2

Laura Silva

引用次数: 0

From the lab to a career in defence research 从实验室到国防研究领域的职业生涯

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00366-1

Teresa Schubert

引用次数: 0

Reply to ‘No convincing evidence for the independence of persistence and flexibility’ 对 "没有令人信服的证据证明持久性和灵活性的独立性 "的答复

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00354-5

Tobias Egner

引用次数: 0

Flexibility and stability can be both dependent and independent 灵活性和稳定性既可以相互依存，也可以相互独立

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00348-3

Gesine Dreisbach, Sebastian Musslick, Senne Braem

引用次数: 0

Reply to ‘Flexibility and stability can be both dependent and independent’ 对 "灵活性和稳定性既可以相互依存，也可以相互独立 "的答复

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00347-4

Tobias Egner

引用次数: 0

No convincing evidence for the independence of persistence and flexibility 没有令人信服的证据表明持久性和灵活性具有独立性

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00353-6

Bernhard Hommel, Lorenza Colzato, Christian Beste

引用次数: 0

Cooperation beyond self-interest 超越自我利益的合作

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00364-3

Martin Weiß

引用次数: 0

Clinically relevant acute subjective effects of psychedelics beyond mystical experience 超越神秘体验的迷幻药临床相关急性主观效应

IF 16.8

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00345-6

David B. Yaden, Sean P. Goldy, Brandon Weiss, Roland R. Griffiths

{"title":"Clinically relevant acute subjective effects of psychedelics beyond mystical experience","authors":"David B. Yaden, Sean P. Goldy, Brandon Weiss, Roland R. Griffiths","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00345-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00345-6","url":null,"abstract":"The administration of classic psychedelics has been associated with well-being and mental health benefits as well as risks and adverse events. The acute subjective effects of psychedelics might have a causal role in these risks and therapeutic benefits, but inconsistencies and limitations in the conceptualization and measurement of these acute subjective effects hinder research and clinical advances. In this Review, we outline current characterizations and psychometric examinations of the acute subjective effects of psychedelics, evaluate the construct validity of commonly used measures and describe findings showing that specific acute subjective effects predict certain outcomes. We discuss how to balance the limitations of existing measures with methodological advances in practice and elaborate on well-known methods and other psychological processes that can help inform the creation of new measures. We suggest actionable recommendations for how the field can transcend current conceptualizations and provide guidance on best practices until the next generation of measures is validated. The therapeutic benefits of psychedelics might be ascribed to their subjective effects, but methodological barriers limit interpretation of this association. In this Review, Yaden et al. balance the limitations of current assessments with research advances to inform the development of new measures and practices for understanding the clinical implications of psychedelics.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44159-024-00345-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0