{"title":"From research to business","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00270-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00270-6","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering is about transforming innovative solutions from the lab into real-world impact. In our Down to Business articles, we highlight inspiring stories of spin-off companies that have navigated the challenges of translation. These stories, shared by the inventors themselves, reveal the triumphs and hurdles of bringing ideas to life.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00270-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Rivnay, Ritu Raman, Jacob T. Robinson, Christian Schreib, Tzahi Cohen-Karni, Kate E. Galloway, Omid Veiseh
{"title":"Integrating bioelectronics with cell-based synthetic biology","authors":"Jonathan Rivnay, Ritu Raman, Jacob T. Robinson, Christian Schreib, Tzahi Cohen-Karni, Kate E. Galloway, Omid Veiseh","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00262-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00262-6","url":null,"abstract":"Biohybrid devices based on engineered cells interfaced with bioelectronics represent a promising union where the strengths of each field can be synergistically combined, resulting in constructs with properties that are not otherwise achievable. Recent progress in biomaterials and cell-based synthetic biology has resulted in cells that can be remotely triggered via multiple modalities and can access a number of cellular pathways to achieve complex sensing and biomolecule production tasks. Although these living cells can be deployed as next-generation diagnostics and cell-based therapies, they are limited by the fundamental boundaries of biology. Bioelectronics, conversely, has been engineered to leverage the strengths of established computational hardware and software, integrates multiple inputs of biometric and external data, and allows communication over long distances. However, bioelectronics often requires considerable power to perform complex tasks and lacks the specificity and adaptability of cells and tissues. The parallel advances in synthetic biology, biomaterials and bioelectronics therefore present new opportunities in devices for regulated cell therapies, diagnostic tools and next-generation robotics. In this Review, we discuss the enabling mechanisms of communication between engineered cells and bioelectronics platforms, describe the approaches and challenges in assembling and deploying such systems, and highlight recent prototypes. The continued advancement in cell support systems and both internal and external closed-loop control suggest forthcoming breakthrough opportunities for biohybrid bioelectronics. Biohybrid devices based on engineered cells interfaced with bioelectronics combine the strengths of each field, resulting in constructs with properties that are not otherwise achievable. In this Review, we discuss the enabling mechanisms of communication between these domains and describe the approaches and challenges in assembling and deploying such systems.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 4","pages":"317-332"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Wang, Zhenyu Xiao, Zikai Wang, DaeYong Lee, Yifan Ma, Stefan Wilhelm, Hongmei Wang, Betty Y. S. Kim, Wen Jiang
{"title":"Multi-omics approaches to decipher the interactions of nanoparticles and biological systems","authors":"Yifan Wang, Zhenyu Xiao, Zikai Wang, DaeYong Lee, Yifan Ma, Stefan Wilhelm, Hongmei Wang, Betty Y. S. Kim, Wen Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00264-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00264-4","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how engineered nanoparticles interact with biological systems is crucial for the development and implementation of nanoparticles in clinical settings. However, investigating the complexity of these interactions at the nano–bio interface requires technologies that can accurately gather biological information at the organ, tissue, cellular and subcellular levels in a high-throughput manner. In particular, imaging and multi-omics approaches provide powerful tools to study nano–bio interactions. In this Perspective, we discuss the application of transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics technologies for the investigation of nano–bio interactions, for example, to assess the biodistribution of nanoparticles in vivo, to analyse their interactions with specific cell types, and to study cellular responses to nanoparticle uptake at subcellular levels. We also examine bioinformatics and machine learning and artificial intelligence tools to assess big multi-omics data, suggesting how these might be applied to develop and optimize nanoparticles for specific applications. Finally, we highlight how multi-omics pipelines might be incorporated in the design of new nanoparticle-based treatment strategies. The interactions of nanoparticles with the body are dynamic and complex. This Perspective examines the application of different multi-omics tools to investigate nano–bio interactions in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 4","pages":"333-348"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle S. Huang, Fotis Christakopoulos, Julien G. Roth, Sarah C. Heilshorn
{"title":"Organoid bioprinting: from cells to functional tissues","authors":"Michelle S. Huang, Fotis Christakopoulos, Julien G. Roth, Sarah C. Heilshorn","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00268-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00268-0","url":null,"abstract":"The biofabrication of complex human tissues to recapitulate organ-specific architecture and function requires a combination of engineering control and intrinsic self-assembly. Organoid bioprinting encompasses additive manufacturing approaches that can impart spatial control over the placement of organoids or organoid-forming cells to fabricate multicellular, 3D structures. In particular, bioprinting can be leveraged to control the spatial positioning of printed cells or tissues while maintaining the architecture and physiology of the constituent building blocks. In this Review, we discuss the emerging integration of bioprinting methods and tissue engineering. As bioprinting conventionally involves the patterning of a ‘material’ ink, we characterize cells and organoids as a living material and discuss how such a living material can be manipulated through biofabrication techniques. We focus on continuous and pick-and-place bioprinting methods in which spheroids, organoids or organoid-forming cells comprise the bioink. Additionally, we discuss organoid support baths into which inks are printed. Finally, we highlight how the combination of bioprinting approaches and organoid technology has the potential to improve engineered tissue models of development and disease. Integrating bioprinting with organoid technology can enhance tissue engineering by improving complexity, reproducibility and scalability. This Review discusses living materials in bioprinting, current organoid bioprinting methods, support baths and future innovations that could advance complex tissue development and applications.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"126-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00268-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic printing at the air–liquid interface","authors":"Sadra Bakhshandeh","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00271-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00271-5","url":null,"abstract":"The authors introduce a new printing technology called dynamic interface printing (DIP), which leverages an acoustically modulated air–liquid interface to rapidly create supportless structures without requiring specialized chemistry or complex optical systems.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"106-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00271-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can AI make scientific data more equitable?","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00263-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00263-5","url":null,"abstract":"Biased and unrepresentative scientific data can lead to misleading conclusions and potentially harm patients. Artificial intelligence (AI) might be able to help make data more representative, but only if a standardized approach to assessing the quality of AI-generated data is established.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 12","pages":"981-981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00263-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhanar Abil, Simone Giaveri, Tobias J. Erb, Lynn J. Rothschild
{"title":"Integrating metabolism and evolution towards the realization of synthetic life","authors":"Zhanar Abil, Simone Giaveri, Tobias J. Erb, Lynn J. Rothschild","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00267-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00267-1","url":null,"abstract":"Recognition of life as a dynamic, non-equilibrium and evolvable process suggests that the realization of synthetic life could be achieved by the in vitro integration of metabolic and evolutionary processes.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"9-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing sex-accurate cell culture environments","authors":"Alexandra N. Borelli, Kristyn S. Masters","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00265-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00265-3","url":null,"abstract":"The extracellular matrix remains under-recognized as a sex-dependent entity. Designing culture environments that account for sex as a biological variable requires considering not only cellular sex, but also the usage of sex-specific scaffolds to create a holistically sex-accurate platform.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"2-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biohybrid neuromuscular robots","authors":"Caroline Beyer","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00266-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00266-2","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Science Robotics presents a wireless bioelectronic robot that integrates living motor neurons and cardiomyocytes to power movement.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 12","pages":"990-990"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-molecule protein sequencing with nanopores","authors":"Justas Ritmejeris, Xiuqi Chen, Cees Dekker","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00260-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00260-8","url":null,"abstract":"Protein sequencing and the identification of post-translational modifications are key to understanding cellular signalling pathways and metabolic processes in health and disease. Nanopores, that is, nanometre-sized holes in a membrane, were previously put to use for DNA and RNA sequencing, offering single-molecule sensitivity and long read lengths. This prompted efforts to engineer nanopores for the high-throughput sequencing of peptides and proteins. In this Review, we discuss research towards single-molecule protein sequencing using biological nanopores, investigating how their sensitivity allows the discrimination of all 20 amino acids. We outline how fingerprinting of proteins is facilitated by using motor proteins and electro-osmotic flow to promote the slow translocation of proteins through nanopores. Moreover, we examine applications of nanopores to the identification of post-translational modifications, highlighting the potential of this technology for fundamental and clinical proteomic studies. Finally, we outline the advantages and limitations of nanopore systems for protein sequencing and the challenges that remain to be overcome for realizing de novo nanopore protein sequencing. Biological nanopores can be designed for high-sensitivity sequencing of peptides and proteins. This Review discusses different approaches towards nanopore-based protein sequencing, outlining methods to distinguish amino acids, control protein translocation and detect post-translational modifications.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 4","pages":"303-316"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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