{"title":"Therapeutic opportunities for nanomedicine with hollow one-dimensional silicon nanotubes.","authors":"Nguyen T Le, Jeffery L Coffer","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2545747","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2545747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While perhaps best known for its role in the semiconductor device industry, silicon at the nanoscale is drawing extensive attention to biotech applications such as drug delivery as a consequence of structural diversity and biomedically useful properties. In this focused review we specifically center on one-dimensional nanotubes of silicon by first discussing fabrication routes and then cover fundamental studies of silicon-based nanotube structures relevant to applications in non-traditional platinate chemotherapy as well as gene therapy. Two types of basic platforms are described: (1) freestanding nanotube bundles as well as (2) patterned arrays. Our emphasis here is with regard to tunability of structure tailored to a given application. We conclude with a discussion of existing challenges and opportunities for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2459-2467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategies to enhance the effects of nanotechnology-mediated photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Yanhan Mo, Xu Liu, Jian You, Lihua Luo","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2550233","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2550233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive therapeutic approach, particularly effective in tumor treatment. PDT utilizes photosensitizers (PSs) to absorb light at specific wavelengths, converting photon energy into chemical energy and subsequently generating cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS trigger cell death through apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy-related pathways. Compared with conventional therapies, PDT exhibits significant advantages, including high selectivity, repeatability, enhanced safety, minimal side effects, low drug resistance, and compatibility with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. However, due to the limited tissue penetration depth of light, PDT demonstrates suboptimal efficacy in treating deep tumors. Additionally, limitations such as poor targeting of photosensitizers and unfavorable factors in the tumor microenvironment greatly restrict PDT's therapeutic efficacy and clinical applicability. To enhance PDT efficacy, various strategies have been explored, among which nanotechnology has emerged as a key research focus. This review summarizes multiple approaches to augmenting nanotechnology-mediated PDT, with emphasis on achieving targeted delivery of photosensitizers (tissue, cell, and organelle-level), improving the performance of photosensitizers and modulating the tumor microenvironment. These insights provide theoretical guidance and practical references for developing novel and efficient PDT nanoplatforms. We conducted the literature search in PubMed, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Wiley and Scopus (from 2004 to 2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2433-2457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topical insulin meets nanomedicine: a synergy for enhanced skin regeneration.","authors":"Sofia O D Duarte, Pedro Fonte","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2527579","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2527579","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2491-2494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cyclodextrin-AmB-IL-10 antagonist peptide nanoparticles treat leishmaniasis more effectively than conventional AmB.","authors":"Ashish Kumar, Ritesh Tiwari, Shobha Kumari, Ravi Ranjan, Vikash Kumar, Sonali Vedika, Kumar Abhishek, Prolay Das, Manas Ranjan Dikhit, Pradeep Das","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2552099","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2552099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to develop a novel nanotherapeutic approach by combining an interleukin-10 (IL-10) peptide antagonist with amphotericin B (AmB) to enhance antileishmanial efficacy while reducing cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A peptide antagonist targeting IL-10, identified via <i>in-silico</i> analysis and showing minimal cytotoxicity (95% promastigote viability at 20 µg/mL), was synthesized and conjugated with AmB using chemical cross-linkers. The conjugate was encapsulated in gamma-cyclodextrin to produce uniform nanoparticles (~40 nm). Characterization was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to assess parasite burden, immune response, and safety parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nanoformulation significantly reduced parasite burden and improved amastigote clearance, as confirmed by real-time PCR. Cytokine profiling revealed elevated IL-12 and other protective cytokines, indicating enhanced immune modulation. Hematological, biochemical, and splenomegaly analyses demonstrated improved safety and therapeutic efficacy compared to AmB alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IL-10 antagonist - AmB nanoformulation represents a promising immunomodulatory therapeutic strategy for leishmaniasis. Its enhanced efficacy and safety highlight its potential for application, particularly in immunocompromised patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2495-2509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> study of theranostic silver sulfide nanoparticles loaded with methotrexate for synchronous chemoradiation.","authors":"Ali Mohammadi, Vesal Hasani, Alimohammad Amirbostaghi, Masuod Salami, Hamed Rezaeejam, Hossein Danafar","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2563496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435889.2025.2563496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The development of multifunctional nanoplatforms capable of simultaneous therapeutic and diagnostic applications is a growing focus in biomedical research.</p><p><strong>Methods/materials: </strong>In this study, silver sulfide - silver nanoparticles coated with bovine serum albumin (Ag₂S-Ag@BSA) were synthesized via a one-step biomineralization method at room temperature. Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapeutic agent, was chemically conjugated to the nanoparticles to enhance targeted anticancer activity. Comprehensive characterization using FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD, TEM, and DLS confirmed successful synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TEM analysis revealed spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 12.02 nm, while DLS indicated a hydrodynamic size of 40 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.20, and a zeta potential of -24 mV, reflecting good stability. Drug release studies demonstrated enzyme-responsive behavior, with significantly increased MTX release in the presence of proteinase K, simulating intracellular protease activity. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assessments revealed that the combined treatment strategy - including MTX delivery, X-ray exposure, and radiosensitization - achieved superior therapeutic outcomes compared to monotherapies. Histopathological analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the nanoplatform, with no observable tissue damage. Furthermore, the nanoparticles exhibited potential as computed tomography (CT) contrast agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that Ag₂S-Ag@BSA-MTX nanoparticles offer a promising multifunctional approach for cancer theranostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanoparticle-mediated magnetic hyperthermia in the treatment of neurological disorders.","authors":"Muhammad Naveed, Min-Ho Kim","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2563499","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2563499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurological disorders including gliomas and neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the central nerve system (CNS). Despite recent advances in disease-modifying treatments, pharmacological approaches for neurological disorders still face limitations due to the complexity of these diseases and the challenges in targeting the underlying mechanisms. Magnetic hyperthermia, an approach that utilizes magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to generate localized heat in target cells and tissues by responding to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), has been developed as a non-pharmacological treatment approach for targeting tumor cells or pathogens, primarily through thermal inactivation. Recently, beyond its traditional application in thermal therapies, magnetic hyperthermia has been increasingly explored for neurological diseases. Importantly, recent studies demonstrate the ability of magnetic hyperthermia in eliciting various biological effects by means of triggering heat shock protein (HSP) signaling, enhancing immune responses, and activating heat-sensitive ion channels in neurons. This review highlights the current understanding of magnetic hyperthermia in stimulating molecular and cellular effects on brain tissue and further discusses its potential in the treatment of neurological disorders including Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD). The studies discussed in this review were selected by using the search tool on PubMed with the suggested key words.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12487718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weiping Wan, Fan Yang, Yenan Zhang, Jie Wang, Xin Xie, Fangming Guo, Li Han
{"title":"Advancements in nanoultrasonics technology for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer: discussion on medical ethics and hospital management issues.","authors":"Weiping Wan, Fan Yang, Yenan Zhang, Jie Wang, Xin Xie, Fangming Guo, Li Han","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2563381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435889.2025.2563381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The field of nanoultrasonics technology has emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer, a disease characterized by high mortality rates and complex management challenges. Recent studies highlight the potential of this innovative technology in improving early detection rates and enabling precision therapies, which are crucial for better patient outcomes. Despite these advancements, several issues persist within the realm of clinical application, particularly concerning medical ethics and hospital management practices. This review aims to synthesize the latest research developments in nanoultrasonics technology, focusing on its benefits in liver cancer diagnostics and treatment. Additionally, it will explore the ethical considerations and administrative challenges that arise during its implementation in clinical settings. By addressing these aspects, the review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape and offer guidance for the standardized application of this technology in the future, ultimately contributing to improved patient care in liver cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingxue Zeng, Jonghan Kim, Hak Soo Choi, Michael P Hutchens
{"title":"Emerging applications of nanotechnology in the treatment of acute kidney injury.","authors":"Lingxue Zeng, Jonghan Kim, Hak Soo Choi, Michael P Hutchens","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2557747","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2557747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates and limited treatment options. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer transformative potential for AKI therapy by enabling targeted drug delivery, enhancing therapeutic bioavailability, and minimizing off-target effects. This review highlights the emerging applications of nanomedicine in AKI, focusing on 1) passive and active targeting strategies to optimize renal nanoparticle (NP) accumulation, including size-, charge-, and ligand-dependent approaches, 2) mechanism-based therapeutic innovations, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-ferroptotic nanotherapeutics, and 3) critical challenges in biocompatibility, biodistribution, scalability, and regulatory translation. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published between 2015 and 2025. While preclinical studies demonstrate remarkable efficacy in mitigating AKI pathogenesis, significant hurdles still exist, including risks of NP toxicity, limited and variable filtration across the glomerular barrier, manufacturing reproducibility, and lack of standardized regulatory frameworks. We highlight cutting-edge solutions, such as dynamic targeting ligands, green synthesis methods, and organ-on-a-chip models, to bridge these gaps. By addressing these challenges, nanotechnology could revolutionize AKI management, offering precision therapies tailored to the molecular and cellular underpinnings of renal injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can nanotechnology be applied to the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea?","authors":"Dashdulam Davaanyam, Vsevolod Y Polotsky","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2558313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435889.2025.2558313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kerem Tok, F Baris Barlas, Figen Zihnioglu, Suna Timur
{"title":"Affinity-driven functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles using tryptophan-isatin for potential bio-applications.","authors":"Kerem Tok, F Baris Barlas, Figen Zihnioglu, Suna Timur","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2555798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435889.2025.2555798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to develop biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with tryptophan (Trp) and isatin (Isa), two biologically active molecules with known blood-brain barrier permeability and anticancer activity. The primary objective was to evaluate the potential of these functionalized MNPs for glioblastoma therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Trp and Isa were conjugated onto MNPs, and the resulting nanomaterials were characterized using SEM-EDS, FTIR, XPS, and DLS. The U-87 human glioblastoma cell line was used to investigate cellular uptake, cytotoxicity (MTT assay), and radiosensitizing effects. Additional molecular insights were obtained through STRING-based network analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesized MNPs exhibited spherical morphology with a uniform size of approximately 100-110 nm. No significant cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations up to 10 µg/mL under standard culture conditions. However, a 70% reduction in cell viability was achieved following radiotherapy when cells were pretreated with Trp-Isa functionalized MNPs. STRING analysis revealed that Trp and Isa are involved in molecular pathways associated with glioblastoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that Trp and Isa functionalized MNPs hold promise as a targeted and radiosensitizing nanoplatform for glioblastoma treatment. The approach also highlights broader potential for such engineered nanoparticles in the field of nanomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}