{"title":"Advances in the treatment of atherosclerotic plaque based on nanomaterials.","authors":"Pengyu Wang, Weiwei Chen, Jingfeng Zhang, Chunshu Pan, Yagui Lv, Yanzi Sun, Yanan Wang, Xuehua Ma, Changyong Gao, Tianxiang Chen, Aiguo Wu, Jianjun Zheng","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2480049","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2480049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide, posing not only a significant threat to cardiovascular health but also impairing the function of multiple organs, with severe cases potentially being life-threatening. Consequently, the effective treatment of atherosclerosis is of paramount importance in reducing the mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases. With the advancement of nanomedicine and a deeper understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, nanomaterials have emerged as promising platforms for precise diagnosis and targeted therapeutic strategies. These materials offer notable advantages, including targeted drug delivery, enhanced bioavailability, improved drug stability, and controlled release. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms underlying atherosclerotic plaque development and examines nanomaterial-based therapeutic approaches for managing atherosclerotic plaques, including therapies targeting cholesterol metabolism, anti-inflammatory strategies, macrophage clearance, and immunotherapy. Additionally, the paper discusses the current technical challenges associated with the clinical transformation of these therapies. Finally, the potential future integration of nanomaterials, smart nanomaterials, and artificial intelligence in the treatment of atherosclerosis is also explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"869-881"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11988221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging dendrimer-based RNA delivery strategies.","authors":"Sneha Das, Bhavesha Chanchlani, Shishira P S, Varshini Are, Swati Biswas","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2485023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2485023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dendrimers represent a class of polymers characterized by a highly branched architecture, precise composition, and a multitude of functional groups, garnering significant interest in biomedical applications. These are three-dimensional nanostructures characterized by a high degree of molecular homogeneity, adjustable size, multivalence, significant surface functionality, and high aqueous solubility.Dendrimers, owing to their significant properties, are currently utilized for drug delivery and are under investigation as potential carriers for nucleic acid-based vaccines. Nucleic acid, as a therapeutic molecule, offers several advantages, including safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. These delivery systems may exhibit accelerated development timelines, reduced production costs, and enhanced storage and transportation efficiency. An essential aspect of DNA or RNA delivery technology is the selection of an efficient method of delivery.This review summarizes the classification, preparation, and formulation strategies for dendrimer delivery. Furthermore, the delivery of RNA via dendrimers for a range of disease conditions, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and metabolic disorders, has been investigated and summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"835-849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11988225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magalí Di Meglio, Daniela Maza Vega, Jorge Montanari
{"title":"How could the translation of nanotechnology-based therapies revolutionize cutaneous leishmaniasis treatments?","authors":"Magalí Di Meglio, Daniela Maza Vega, Jorge Montanari","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2485024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17435889.2025.2485024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formation and evaluation of doxorubicin and cromoglycate metal-organic framework for anti-cancer activity.","authors":"Ebaa Abu Saleem, Zainab Lafi, Naeem Shalan, Walhan Alshaer, Imad Hamadneh","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2459059","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2459059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We develop and evaluate copper-based metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) incorporating cromolyn as a linker to enhance structural stability, drug delivery efficiency, and therapeutic potential, particularly for breast cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Two Cu-MOF formulations were synthesized: Cu-MOFs-BDC-DOX (using terephthalic acid) and Cu-MOFs-CROMO-DOX (using cromolyn as a linker). Characterization was performed using SEM/TEM for morphology, and FTIR, XRD, and TGA to confirm structural integrity. Drug encapsulation efficiency and release profiles were assessed, followed by in vitro cytotoxicity, cell migration, and colony formation assays using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both formulations demonstrated a high encapsulation efficiency (83-91%) and sustained drug release over 48 h at pH 7.4. Cu-MOFs-CROMO-DOX exhibited superior cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 0.88 ± 0.07 µM compared to 7.1 ± 0.11 µM for Cu-MOFs-BDC-DOX. Both formulations inhibit cancer cell migration and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Cu-MOFs-CROMO-DOX formulation demonstrated enhanced therapeutic potential, outperforming its counterpart in targeting breast cancer cells. This study highlights the promise of MOF-based nanocarriers in overcoming the limitations of conventional chemotherapy, offering a pathway to more effective and targeted cancer treatments with reduced side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"467-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current views and trends of nanomaterials as vectors for gene delivery since the 21st century: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Xiao Xiao, Sheng Yang, Ge Jiang, Shisheng He","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2457781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2457781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gene therapy is garnering increasing support due to its potential for a \"once-delivered, lifelong benefit.\" The limitations of traditional gene delivery methods have spurred the advancement of bionanomaterials. Despite this progress, a thorough analysis of the evolution, current state, key contributors, focal studies, and future directions of nanomaterials in gene delivery remains absent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study scrutinizes articles from the Web of Science, spanning 1 January 2 000, to 31 December 2023, employing various online tools for analysis and visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 21st century has witnessed consistent growth in scholarly work in this domain globally, with notable contributions from China and the US. At the same time, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Harvard University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have emerged as the most productive institutions, with CAS's academician Weihong Tan becoming the field's leading author. While drug delivery and nanoparticles (NPs) have been central themes for two decades, the research focus has shifted from modifying NPs and ultrafine particles to exploring polymer-hybrid NPs, mRNA vaccines, immune responses, green synthesis, and CRISPR/Cas tools.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This shift marks the transition from nanomaterials to bionanomaterials. The insights provided by this research offer a comprehensive overview of the field and valuable guidance for future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"439-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A nano drug delivery system loading drugs and chlorin e6 separately to achieve photodynamic-chemo combination therapy.","authors":"Guohao Yin, Hongli Zhao, Minbo Lan","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2460960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2460960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a new drug delivery system (DDS) that can load chemotherapy agents and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) onto the pores and surfaces of mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) separately.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into the pores of MSNs. Then, polyethyleneimine (PEI) was used to coat the surface of MSN to protect DOX, and then manganese dioxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles were loaded through adding potassium permanganate (KMnO<sub>4</sub>) to bind with Ce6. Finally, polydopamine (PDA) was coated and coupled with hyaluronic acid (HA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesized versatile nanoparticle was pH-sensitive and exhibited positive photodynamic therapy (PDT) performance. Besides, it could be observed that the nanoparticles were efficiently taken up by tumor cells through confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry. Additionally, in vitro experiments suggested that the nanoparticles had pleasing toxicity to various tumor cells and equally positive therapeutic effect when curcumin replaced DOX.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our work suggests that the nanoparticles designed by our strategy have satisfactory combination therapy performance and can enable more chemotherapy drugs to be used in photodynamic-chemo combination therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"559-570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and application of ferritin-based nanomedicine for targeted cancer therapy.","authors":"Baoli Zhang, Kelong Fan","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2459056","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2459056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Owing to its unique structure and favorable biocompatibility, ferritin has been widely studied as a promising drug carrier over the past two decades. Since the identification of its inherent tumor-targeting property due to unique recognition ablity of the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), ferritin-based nanomedicine has attracted widespread attention and triggered a research surge in the field of targeted cancer therapy. Along with progress in structure studies and modification technology, diverse strategies have been carried out to equip ferritin with on-demand functions, further improving the antitumor efficacy and <i>in vivo</i> safety of ferritin-based cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight the structure-based rational design of ferritin and summarize the design strategies in detail from two main perspectives: multifunctional modification and drug loading. In particular, the critical issues that need attention in the design are discussed in depth. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the latest advances in the application of ferritin-based nanomedicines in chemotherapy, phototherapy and immunotherapy, with particular emphasis on emerging therapeutic approaches among these therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"481-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}