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Enhancing antimicrobial activity and reducing cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles through gelatin nanoparticles. 通过明胶纳米颗粒增强银纳米颗粒的抗菌活性并降低其细胞毒性。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0246
Derya Ozhava, Petras Winkler, Yong Mao
{"title":"Enhancing antimicrobial activity and reducing cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles through gelatin nanoparticles.","authors":"Derya Ozhava, Petras Winkler, Yong Mao","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0246","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To develop a novel stabilizing agent for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with the aim of enhancing its antibacterial efficacy against wound associated pathogens while mitigating their cytotoxic effect on human cells. <b>Materials & methods:</b> In this study, monodispersed gelatin nanoparticles were synthesized to stabilize AgNPs. The stability, antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of the gelatin-stabilized AgNPs (Gel-AgNPs) were compared with citrate-stabilized AgNPs (citrate-AgNPs) or silver ions. <b>Results & conclusion:</b> Gelatin-stabilized AgNPs showed significantly better antibacterial activities compared with citrate-stabilized AgNPs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These Gel-AgNPs showed significantly lower cytotoxicity to human dermal fibroblasts compared with Ag<sup>+</sup>. These findings provided the first evidence substantiating a novel functionality of gelatin nanoparticles in both stabilizing and enhancing the activity of AgNPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advanced nanomedicine approach of JAK inhibitors: supporting treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. JAK 抑制剂的先进纳米医学方法：支持类风湿性关节炎的治疗。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0287
Radha Rani, Neha Raina, Akhilesh Kumar, Piyush K Gupta, Madhu Gupta
{"title":"Advanced nanomedicine approach of JAK inhibitors: supporting treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Radha Rani, Neha Raina, Akhilesh Kumar, Piyush K Gupta, Madhu Gupta","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0287","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139426206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydroxymethylnitrofurazone lymphatic uptake with nanostructured lipid carrier after oral administration in rats. 纳米结构脂质载体在大鼠口服羟甲基硝基呋喃酮后的淋巴吸收。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0263
Aline de Souza, Cauê Benito Scarim, Paulo Cesar Cotrim, Fernando Barbosa Junior, Bruno Alves Rocha, Leandro Augusto Calixto, Cristiano Jesus Correia, Gabriel Lima de Barros Araújo, Raimar Löbenberg, Nádia Araci Bou-Chacra, Ana Cristina Breithaupt-Faloppa
{"title":"Hydroxymethylnitrofurazone lymphatic uptake with nanostructured lipid carrier after oral administration in rats.","authors":"Aline de Souza, Cauê Benito Scarim, Paulo Cesar Cotrim, Fernando Barbosa Junior, Bruno Alves Rocha, Leandro Augusto Calixto, Cristiano Jesus Correia, Gabriel Lima de Barros Araújo, Raimar Löbenberg, Nádia Araci Bou-Chacra, Ana Cristina Breithaupt-Faloppa","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0263","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Leishmaniasis, caused by the protozoan <i>Leishmania</i> sp., infects phagocyte cells present in lymphatic organs. This study demonstrates the influence of nanostructured lipid carrier-loaded hydroxymethylnitrofurazone (NLC-NFOH) on lymphatic uptake using a chylomicron-blocking flow model in rats. <b>Method:</b> Lymphatic uptake of NFOH was assessed 1 h after oral administration of dimethyl sulfoxide with NFOH or NLC-NFOH with and without cycloheximide pretreatment. <b>Result:</b> Dimethyl sulfoxide with NFOH and NLC-NFOH showed NFOH serum concentrations of 0.0316 and 0.0291 μg/ml, respectively. After chylomicron blocking, NFOH was not detected. <b>Conclusion:</b> Despite log P below 5, NFOH was successfully taken up by the lymphatic system. Long-chain fatty acids and particle size might be main factors in these findings. NLC-NFOH is a promising and convenient platform for treating leishmaniasis via oral administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol and dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol increase the retention and reduce the toxicity of amphotericin B-loaded in nanoemulsions. 二硬脂酰基磷脂酰甘油和二油酰基磷脂酰甘油可提高纳米乳剂中两性霉素 B 的保留率并降低其毒性。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0256
Gabriel Silva Marques Borges, Thais Tunes Santos, Cristiane Monteiro Pinto, Frédéric Frézard, Verônica Freitas Blanco, Roberta Ondei, Stephen Rumbelow, Lucas Antônio Miranda Ferreira, Marta Marques Gontijo de Aguiar, Gisele Assis Castro Goulart
{"title":"Distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol and dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol increase the retention and reduce the toxicity of amphotericin B-loaded in nanoemulsions.","authors":"Gabriel Silva Marques Borges, Thais Tunes Santos, Cristiane Monteiro Pinto, Frédéric Frézard, Verônica Freitas Blanco, Roberta Ondei, Stephen Rumbelow, Lucas Antônio Miranda Ferreira, Marta Marques Gontijo de Aguiar, Gisele Assis Castro Goulart","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0256","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To develop nanoemulsions (NEs) loading amphotericin B (AmB) and to evaluate the influence of different excipients on the stability and the supramolecular organization, retention and toxicity of AmB. <b>Materials & methods:</b> The NEs were developed from different oils, surfactants, external media and anionic lipids (disteaoryl phosphatidylglycerol [DSPG] and dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol [DOPG]). Their impact on the size, pH, zeta potential, AmB encapsulation efficiency, AmB retention and hemolytic potential of the NEs was evaluated. <b>Results & conclusion:</b> The use of soybean oil (lipid matrix), Span 80 (surfactant), phosphate buffer (external phase) and DSPG or DOPG (hydrophobic ion pair) provided better NE stability, higher AmB retention within the NEs and a safer formulation profile in hemolysis tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139643523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unlocking the power of sugar: carbohydrate ligands as key players in nanotherapeutic-assisted targeted cancer therapy. 释放糖的力量：碳水化合物配体是纳米疗法辅助癌症靶向治疗的关键角色。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0276
Rajan Swami, Sahil Vij, Shubham Sharma
{"title":"Unlocking the power of sugar: carbohydrate ligands as key players in nanotherapeutic-assisted targeted cancer therapy.","authors":"Rajan Swami, Sahil Vij, Shubham Sharma","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0276","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer cells need as much as 40-times more sugar than their normal cell counterparts. This sugar demand is attained by the excessive expression of inimitable transporters on the surface of cancer cells, driven by their voracious appetite for carbohydrates. Nanotechnological advances drive research utilizing ligand-directed therapeutics and diverse carbohydrate analogs. The precise delivery of these therapeutic cargos not only mitigates toxicity associated with chemotherapy but also reduces the grim toll of mortality and morbidity among patients. This in-depth review explores the potential of these ligands in advanced cancer treatment using nanoparticles. It offers a broader perspective beyond the usual ways we deliver drugs, potentially changing the way we fight cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139577280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nanocarrier-based localized and effective treatment of renal disorders: currently employed targeting strategies. 基于纳米载体的肾脏疾病局部有效治疗：目前采用的靶向策略。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0251
Shafi Ullah, Samiullah Burki, Abu Bakar Munir, Ghulam Yousaf, Muhammad Shafique
{"title":"Nanocarrier-based localized and effective treatment of renal disorders: currently employed targeting strategies.","authors":"Shafi Ullah, Samiullah Burki, Abu Bakar Munir, Ghulam Yousaf, Muhammad Shafique","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0251","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal disorders pose a global health threat, with targeted drug-delivery systems emerging as a promising strategy to enhance therapy safety and efficacy. Recent efforts have harnessed targeted nanomaterials for kidney disease treatment. While some systems remain in the early stages, they show immense potential in delivering cargo to specific sites. Through animal model experimentations, it has been demonstrated to reduce systemic side effects and enhance treatment effectiveness. This review presents current strategies for kidney disorder treatment, emphasizing site-specific targeting critical to renal disease pathophysiology. Recent advancements in nano-drug delivery systems for kidney targeting are explored. Finally, toxicological aspects and prospects of the most promising kidney-targeting delivery systems are discussed in this review article.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139643526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HER2 aptamer-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles with PDMAEMA-b-PMPC coating for breast cancer cell identification. 具有 PDMAEMA-b-PMPC 涂层的 HER2 通感素共轭氧化铁纳米粒子用于乳腺癌细胞识别。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0225
Cyro von Zuben de Valega Negrão, Natália Np Cerize, Amauri da Silva Justo-Junior, Raquel Bester Liszbinski, Giovanna Pastore Meneguetti, Larissa Araujo, Silvana A Rocco, Kaliandra de Almeida Gonçalves, Daniel R Cornejo, Patrícia Leo, Caio Perecin, Douglas Adamoski, Sandra M Gomes Dias
{"title":"HER2 aptamer-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles with PDMAEMA-b-PMPC coating for breast cancer cell identification.","authors":"Cyro von Zuben de Valega Negrão, Natália Np Cerize, Amauri da Silva Justo-Junior, Raquel Bester Liszbinski, Giovanna Pastore Meneguetti, Larissa Araujo, Silvana A Rocco, Kaliandra de Almeida Gonçalves, Daniel R Cornejo, Patrícia Leo, Caio Perecin, Douglas Adamoski, Sandra M Gomes Dias","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0225","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To synthesize HER2 aptamer-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles with a coating of poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)-poly(2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine) block copolymer (IONPPPs). <b>Methods:</b> Characterization covered molecular structure, chemical composition, thermal stability, magnetic characteristics, aptamer interaction, crystalline nature and microscopic features. Subsequent investigations focused on IONPPPs for <i>in vitro</i> cancer cell identification. <b>Results:</b> Results demonstrated high biocompatibility of the diblock copolymer with no significant toxicity up to 150 μg/ml. The facile coating process yielded the IONPP complex, featuring a 13.27 nm metal core and a 3.10 nm polymer coating. Functionalized with a HER2-targeting DNA aptamer, IONPPP enhanced recognition in HER2-amplified SKBR3 cells via magnetization separation. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings underscore IONPPP's potential in cancer research and clinical applications, showcasing diagnostic efficacy and HER2 protein targeting in a proof-of-concept approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139572262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimizing enzyme-responsive polymersomes for protein-based therapies. 为基于蛋白质的疗法优化酶反应聚合体。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0300
Dorian Foster, Alaura Cakley, Jessica Larsen
{"title":"Optimizing enzyme-responsive polymersomes for protein-based therapies.","authors":"Dorian Foster, Alaura Cakley, Jessica Larsen","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0300","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> Stimuli-responsive polymersomes are promising tools for protein-based therapies, but require deeper understanding and optimization of their pathology-responsive behavior. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(b-lactic acid) (PLA) polymersomes self-assembled from block copolymers of varying molecular weights of HA were compared for their physical properties, degradation and intracellular behavior. <b>Results:</b> Major results showed increasing enzyme-responsivity associated with decreasing molecular weight. The major formulation differences were as follows: the HA(5 kDa)-PLA formulation exhibited the most pronounced release of encapsulated proteins, while the HA(7 kDa)-PLA formulation showed the most different release behavior from neutral. <b>Conclusion:</b> We have discovered design rules for HA-PLA polymersomes for protein delivery, with lower molecular weight leading to higher encapsulation efficiency, greater release and greater intracellular uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiofrequency driving antitumor effect of graphene oxide-based nanocomposites: a Hill model analysis. 基于氧化石墨烯的纳米复合材料的射频驱动抗肿瘤效应：希尔模型分析。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0312
Melissa S Monteiro, Marina S Mesquita, Leidiane M Garcia, Paulo R Dos Santos, Cássia C de Marangoni de Viveiros, Ronei D da Fonseca, Mary A Xavier, Gabriel Ws de Mendonça, Suélia Srf Rosa, Saulo Lp Silva, Leonardo G Paterno, Paulo C Morais, Sônia N Báo
{"title":"Radiofrequency driving antitumor effect of graphene oxide-based nanocomposites: a Hill model analysis.","authors":"Melissa S Monteiro, Marina S Mesquita, Leidiane M Garcia, Paulo R Dos Santos, Cássia C de Marangoni de Viveiros, Ronei D da Fonseca, Mary A Xavier, Gabriel Ws de Mendonça, Suélia Srf Rosa, Saulo Lp Silva, Leonardo G Paterno, Paulo C Morais, Sônia N Báo","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0312","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> This report proposes using the Hill model to assess the benchmark dose, the 50% lethal dose, the cooperativity and the dissociation constant while analyzing cell viability data using nanomaterials to evaluate the antitumor potential while combined with radiofrequency therapy. <b>Materials & methods:</b> A nanocomposite was synthesized (graphene oxide-polyethyleneimine-gold) and the viability was evaluated using two tumor cell lines, namely LLC-WRC-256 and B16-F10. <b>Results:</b> Our findings demonstrated that while the nanocomposite is biocompatible against the LLC-WRC-256 and B16-F10 cancer cell lines in the absence of radiofrequency, the application of radiofrequency enhances the cell toxicity by orders of magnitude. <b>Conclusion:</b> This result points to prospective studies with the tested cell lines using tumor animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138813010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural features of Prussian Blue-related iron complex - FeT of activity to peroxidate unsaturated fatty acids. 具有过氧化不饱和脂肪酸活性的普鲁士蓝相关铁络合物 FeT 的结构特征。
Nanomedicine (London, England) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0206
Małgorzata Lasota, Grzegorz Zemanek, Olga Barczyk-Woźnicka, Anna Misterka, Anna Wiśniewska, Barbara Stopa, Izabela Kościk, Anna Jagusiak, Leszek Konieczny, Irena Roterman
{"title":"Structural features of Prussian Blue-related iron complex - FeT of activity to peroxidate unsaturated fatty acids.","authors":"Małgorzata Lasota, Grzegorz Zemanek, Olga Barczyk-Woźnicka, Anna Misterka, Anna Wiśniewska, Barbara Stopa, Izabela Kościk, Anna Jagusiak, Leszek Konieczny, Irena Roterman","doi":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0206","DOIUrl":"10.2217/nnm-2023-0206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> FeT is a complex of Fe<sup>3+</sup>, ferricyanide and tartrate, similar in structure to Prussian Blue. Its synthesis was planned to produce a potential antiproliferative drug. <b>Methods:</b> Dynamic light scattering was applied to study nanostructures formed by FeT complexes, while their biological activity was tested following changes in cell proliferation using cultured T24 human bladder cancer cells. <b>Results:</b> The antiproliferative activity of FeT derived from its ability to peroxidate unsaturated fatty acids, which can cause cell death through oxidative stress and/or ferroptosis. FeT molecules associate into drop-like nanostructures in water solutions, between 10-130 nm, which can bind albumin. <b>Conclusion:</b> Fatty acid peroxidation is significantly activated by light. The characteristics and reactivity of FeT represent a prospective application in medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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