Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis最新文献

{"title":"Comparative phylogenetic analysis of <i>Schizothorax plagiostomus</i> and <i>Schizothorax esocinus</i> with other members of subfamilies of cyprinidae on the basis of complete mitochondrial genome and 12S, 16S ribosomal RNA from Northren areas of Pakistan.","authors":"Aqsa Rehman,&nbsp;Muhammad Fiaz Khan,&nbsp;Saira Bibi,&nbsp;Mehreen Riaz,&nbsp;Faisal Nouroz","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1787397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1787397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We assessed the relationship of Schizothoracinae species with other subfamilies Alburninae, Xenocyprinae, Cultrinae and Squaliobarbinae of family Cyprinidae by creating the phylogenetic trees using complete mitogenome and 12S and 16S RNA. Our representative species show the great affiliation with other but separated from a group composed of <i>Metzia mesembrinum</i>, <i>Metzia longinasus</i>, <i>Metzia lineata</i> and <i>Metzia formosae</i> of subfamily Alburninae while other subfamilies formed distinct group. The members of subfamily Schizothoracinae shows separate line of evolution from subfamily Barbinae.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 6","pages":"250-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1787397","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38126257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population genetic structure of the short-beaked common dolphin from the Black Sea and the Turkish Straits System.","authors":"Arda M Tonay,&nbsp;Begüm Uzun,&nbsp;Ayhan Dede,&nbsp;Ayaka Amaha Öztürk,&nbsp;Erdem Danyer,&nbsp;Işıl Aytemiz Danyer,&nbsp;Sabri Bilgin,&nbsp;Bayram Öztürk,&nbsp;Raşit Bilgin","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1788008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1788008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study aims to assess the population connectivity, evolutionary history, and conservation status of the short-beaked common dolphin in the Black Sea and Turkish Straits System (TSS). We also include DNA sequences from the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea to provide a regional perspective to our localized study. Analysis of 366 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA D-loop fragments from 37 samples collected from short-beaked common dolphins in the Black Sea, TSS, and Aegean Sea revealed 13 haplotypes, eight of which have not been previously reported. While analysis of samples archived on GenBank revealed 89 different haplotypes across the region. The haplotype network contains two main peripheral groups that include individuals from all locations. Haplotypes from the Atlantic Ocean are scattered across the network and no obvious population separation was detected. Some shared haplotypes potentially indicate multi-directional colonization events of the Mediterranean Sea from the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, some less widely distributed haplotypes suggest some level of more recent genetic connectivity through the Strait of Gibraltar and the TSS and point out the importance of these straits in the dispersal of short-beaked common dolphins. The haplotype and nucleotide diversity values were lower in the Black Sea, TSS, and western Mediterranean Sea when compared to the Atlantic Ocean, supporting the expansion of Atlantic populations into the Mediterranean and the Black Seas. Differentiation was observed between the Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea, TSS and the Black Sea based on Фst but not between Mediterranean and the Black Seas. For common dolphins, which have high dispersal potential, the protection of open seas and narrow seaways to enhance connectivity may be crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 6","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1788008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38143475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and structure of the Chinese lake gudgeon (<i>Sarcocheilichthys sinensis</i>).","authors":"Xin-Hua Ding,&nbsp;Kui-Ching Hsu,&nbsp;Wen-Qiao Tang,&nbsp;Dong Liu,&nbsp;Yu-Min Ju,&nbsp;Hung-Du Lin,&nbsp;Jin-Quan Yang","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1779239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1779239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome <i>b</i> and d-loop sequences (2,137 bp) in 65 specimens of <i>Sarcocheilichthys sinensis</i> from five populations were identified as two lineages (I and II). The pairwise genetic distance between lineages I and II was 1.94%. SAMOVA analyses suggested that the best grouping occurred at three groups, Yangtze, Qiantang and Minjiang Rivers. High haplotype diversity (0.949) and low nucleotide diversity (<i>θ</i>_π = 1.067%) were detected. The results of the neutrality tests, mismatch distribution and approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) did not support demographic expansions. The results of phylogenetic analysis, statistical dispersal-vicariance analysis (S-DIVA), ABC, MIGRATE-N and the time to the most recent common ancestor (T_MRCA) indicated two colonization routes. First, before the Wuyi Mountains lifted, <i>S. sinensis</i> dispersed from the Yangtze River to the Minjiang River. Second, during glaciation, the continental shelf was exposed, which contributed to the dispersion of populations from the Yangtze River.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 6","pages":"228-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1779239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38204460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic identification of species and natural hybridization determination based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA of genus <i>Zacco</i> in Korea.","authors":"Philjae Kim,&nbsp;Jeong-Ho Han,&nbsp;Seung Lak An","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1777994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1777994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genus <i>Zacco</i> specimens collected in this study were classified genetically as five species, <i>Zacco platypus</i>, <i>Z. temminckii</i>, <i>Z. koreanus</i> and two unidentified species, using DNA barcoding analysis based on 655 bp of mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (<i>COI</i>) gene. Two of unidentified species (<i>Z</i>. sp.1 and <i>Z</i>. sp.2) were considered to be unrecorded or new species of genus <i>Zacco</i> according to genetic distances between <i>Zacco</i> species. In addition, we determined a natural hybrid based on polymorphic base at the diagnostic positions displayed on nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (<i>RAG1</i>) gene (965 bp), and estimated paternal and maternal species of natural hybrid comparing phylogenetic tree between <i>COI</i> and <i>RAG1</i>, and <i>Z</i>. sp.1♀ × <i>Z. koreanus</i>♂, <i>Z</i>. sp.2♀ × <i>Z. koreanus</i>♂ and <i>Z</i>. <i>koreanus</i>♀ × <i>Z.</i> sp.1♂ individuals were confirmed. The habitat of natural hybrids of <i>Z. koreanus</i> between <i>Z</i>. sp.1 and <i>Z</i>. sp.2 was identified as Geum and Yeongsan River, respectively. In our data, only F1 hybrid generation was identified; however, generations after F1 hybrid or backcross were not demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 6","pages":"221-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1777994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38056185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological identification of ascidians from Vizhinjam Bay, southwest Coast of India using CO1 gene sequences.","authors":"Kaleemullah B Khan,&nbsp;L Praba,&nbsp;H Abdul Jaffar Ali","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1772248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1772248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ascidians are ecologically important components of marine ecosystems, yet the taxonomy and diversity of ascidians remain largely unexplored. Only <60% of reported ascidian species in India have been taxonomically described and identified and the rest of the species remain unidentified due to uncertainty in the morphology-based identification. We explored the usefulness of CO1 gene sequences for molecular level identification and mtDNA data in assessing phylogenetic relationships of 15 ascidian species. The mean sequence divergences within and among the species fell into the mean divergence ranges found in ascidian group. Species that are most similar grouped together formed a cluster. Clusters of species in a clade indicate that the species are closely related. Species that are highly divergent formed a separate branch. This study has concluded that the CO1 gene sequence is an effective tool to ascertain the molecular taxonomical studies on ascidians.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 5","pages":"209-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1772248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38024850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlighting the classification of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups C and D in chickens.","authors":"Zhuoxian Weng,&nbsp;Xunhe Huang","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1773452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1773452","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely used in tracing the matrilineal history of domestic chickens based on haplogroup trees generated by parsimony-like method (Lan et al. 2017). However, the increasing amount of data using different nomenclature for mtDNA phylogeny complicates comparisons across studies (Miao et al. 2013; Peng et al. 2015; LuzuriagaNeira et al. 2017; Huang et al. 2018; Al-Jumaili et al. 2020; Quan et al. 2020). A standardized, hierarchical haplogroup nomenclature system can benefit studies that involve matrilineal evolutionary genetics (Wang et al. 2014; Peng et al. 2015; Schr€ oder et al. 2016; Adeola et al. 2017; Wang et al. 2019; Zhang et al. 2020). Thus, a better understanding of chicken matrilineal genealogy urgently requires such a coherent nomenclature system. The common A–I nomenclature was first produced by Liu et al. (2006), using a phylogenetic framework to identify lineages based on a large D-loop dataset. However, because the D-loop has a high mutation rate and recurrent mutations, the structure of the matrilineal genealogy is often blurred. In response, a hierarchical haplogroup tree with the higher resolution was later constructed based on both D-loop sequences and mtDNA genomes (mtgenomes) (Miao et al. 2013). This updated tree retained the original nomenclature for haplogroups A–G, but defined several new haplogroups (H, I, and W–Z), sub-haplogroups (e.g. C1, C2, and C3), and macro-haplogroups (ABZY, CD, and EFGHIWX). Additionally, the nomenclature was altered if discordant between the D-loop and mtgenome. For instance, some sequences previously in clade C based on D-loop data became haplogroup X using mtgenome data, while other sequences originally in clade D were moved to haplogroups Y and C. Several clades of red junglefowl from Thailand were previously classified into haplogroup C based on D-loop information (Miao et al. 2013), were re-clustered as new haplogroup V at the basal branch of haplogroup CD (Huang et al. 2018). The classification of haplogroup C and D in chickens often changes depending on phylogeny construction methods, resulting in controversy. For example, recent definitions of these two groups (Quan et al. 2020) conflicted with those in the previous studies (Miao et al. 2013; Huang et al. 2018). Our reanalysis categorized only 33 sequences to sub-haplogroup C1, versus 236 sequences in Quan et al. (2020), and we also found that haplogroup C frequency in Southwest China was only 2.37% (Table S1). In another study, sub-haplogroup C2 in the nomenclature of Miao et al. (2013) was classified into haplogroup D (Table S2) (Al-Jumaili et al. 2020). This change may generate confusion for future studies because haplogroups C and D are increasingly used as potential candidate markers for exploring chicken origins and expansion, particularly in northern China and the Pacific (Miao et al. 2013; Xiang et al. 2014; Dyomin et al. 2017; Herrera et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2017; Ulfah et al. 2017; Huang et al. ","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 5","pages":"218-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1773452","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38025425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of the Andean bear (<i>Tremarctos ornatus</i>; Ursidae, Carnivora) in Ecuador: when the Andean Cordilleras are not an Obstacle.","authors":"Manuel Ruiz-García,&nbsp;Armando Castellanos,&nbsp;Jessica Yanina Arias-Vásquez,&nbsp;Joseph Mark Shostell","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1769088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1769088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the top carnivores in the Andean mountains is the Andean bear (<i>Tremarctos ornatus</i>, Ursidae), the only bear in South America. This is a flagship and key umbrella species in Ecuador because its conservation has a positive impact on the conservation of many other species in the Andes. But to preserve, first one must know the genetic characteristics of a species, among other things. For this, we analyzed six mitochondrial genes and seven nuclear DNA microsatellites of 108 Andean bear specimens sampled throughout Ecuador. We adopted three strategies for analyzing the data: by Province, by Region (north vs south), and by Cordillera. Four main results were obtained. First, the mitochondrial genetic diversity levels were elevated, but there were no differences in genetic diversity by Province or by Cordillera. By Regions, southern Ecuador had higher genetic diversity levels than to northern Ecuador. The genetic diversity for the microsatellites was only medium for the Andean bear at this country. Second, there was clear and significant evidence of female population expansions, for the overall sample, by Province, Region, and Cordillera. This population expansion was determined to have occurred in the time interval of 30,000-20,000 years ago (YA), during the last phase of the Pleistocene. We detected a population decrease to have occurred more recently, within the last 5000 years. It continued until about 300-200 YA when a population increase was again detected. Third, there were, practically, no phylogeographic pattern nor genetic differentiation among Andean bear populations in Ecuador by Province or by Cordillera for either mitochondrial or microsatellite markers. There was a little more genetic differentiation between northern and southern areas. Fourth, there was no trace of significant spatial genetic structure for the Andean bear in Ecuador in agreement with the genetic differentiation analyses. This shows that the Andean Cordilleras in this country did not present an obstacle to the dispersion of this species. Therefore, all of the Andean bear specimens in Ecuador should be treated as a unique Management Unit (MU) for conservation purposes, differently to that determined for other countries as Colombia.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 5","pages":"190-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1769088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37985364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing coral reef biodiversity: genetic species delimitation in brachyuran crabs of Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific.","authors":"Jennifer A Servis,&nbsp;Brendan N Reid,&nbsp;Molly A Timmers,&nbsp;Vasiliki Stergioula,&nbsp;Eugenia Naro-Maciel","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1769087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1769087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coral reefs are highly threatened ecosystems, yet there are numerous challenges in conducting inventories of their vanishing biodiversity, partly because many taxa remain difficult to detect and describe. Genetic species delimitation methods provide a standardized means for taxonomic classification including of cryptic, rare, or elusive groups, but results can vary by analytical method and genetic marker. In this study, a combination of morphological and genetic identification methods was used to estimate species richness and identify taxonomic units in true crabs (Infraorder Brachyura; n = 200) from coral reefs of Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific. Genetic identification was based on matches between mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and/or cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences to GenBank data, while morphological work relied on the taxonomic literature. Broad agreement in the number of candidate species delimited by genetic distance thresholds and tree-based approaches was found, although the multi-rate Poisson tree process (mPTP) was less appropriate for this dataset. The COI sequence data identified 30-32 provisional species and the 16S data revealed 34-35. The occurrence of 10 families, 20 genera, and 19 species of brachyurans at Palmyra was corroborated by at least two methods. Diversity levels within <i>Chlorodiella laevissima</i> indicated possible undescribed or cryptic species in currently lumped taxa. These results illustrate the efficacy of DNA sequences in identifying organisms and detecting cryptic variation, and underscore the importance of using appropriate genetic markers and multiple species delimitation analyses, with applications for future species descriptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 5","pages":"178-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1769087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38016186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR for identification of antlers in tradition Chinese medicine.","authors":"Jie Pan,&nbsp;Rui Feng,&nbsp;Qing Hu,&nbsp;Hong Chen,&nbsp;Su Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Sun,&nbsp;Shen Ji","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1741560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1741560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a method was established for discriminating the true <i>Cervus</i> antlers from its counterfeits using TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR. The method combines the use of true <i>Cervus</i> antlers-specific primers, that amplify a 226 bp fragment from true <i>Cervus</i> antlers DNA, and mammalian-specific primers amplifying a 146 bp fragment from mammalian species DNA, which are used as endogenous control. A TaqMan probe that hybridizes in the '<i>Cervus</i> antler' and also in the 'mammalian' DNA fragments is used to monitor the amplification of the target gene. The <i>Cervus</i> antler mitochondrial DNA was used as target gene to design the primers and TaqMan probes. The data revealed that the TaqMan real-time PCR-based assay can be used for identification of the true <i>Cervus</i> antlers from counterfeits in a single step. The limit of detection (LOD) was lower than 1 pg of DNA per reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 5","pages":"173-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1741560","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37909433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invalidation of taxa within the silvery wooly monkey (<i>Lagothrix lagothricha poeppigii</i>, Atelidae, Primates).","authors":"Manuel Ruiz-García,&nbsp;Myreya Pinedo-Castro,&nbsp;Aymara Albino,&nbsp;Jessica Yanina Arias-Vásquez,&nbsp;Armando Castellanos,&nbsp;Joseph Mark Shostell","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1757084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1757084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The systematics of the Humboldt's wooly monkeys (<i>L. lagothricha</i>; Atelidae) is essential to preserve this Neotropical primate species. Traditionally, four morphological subspecies have been described, which recently have been molecularly confirmed. However, no population genetics studies have been carried out throughout the geographical distribution of one of these subspecies, <i>Lagothrix lagothricha poeppigii</i>. For this reason, we analyzed nine mitochondrial genes of <i>L. l. poeppigii</i> mainly collected from the Ecuadorian and Peruvian Amazon in order to better understand the evolutionary history of this taxon. The mitochondrial genetic diversity levels (haplotype and nucleotide diversity) we estimated are likely the highest yet reported for <i>L. lagothricha.</i> Our results did not detect important genetic structure within <i>L. l. poeppigii</i>. Furthermore, our phylogenetic analyses did not detect any relevant molecular cluster in the area where Groves hypothesized the existence of <i>L. poeppigii castelnaui</i>. Therefore, based on these data, <i>castelnaui</i> is not a valid taxon from a molecular perspective. The most differentiated subpopulation within <i>L. l. poeppigii</i> was from Morona-Santiago province (Ecuador) and had a genetic distance of 0.8-1.2% relative to the other subpopulations studied. However, this genetic distance range is within the variability found within a population. We estimated the mitochondrial temporal diversification within <i>L. l. poeppigii</i> to have occurred during the Pleistocene, 1.8-1.2 million years ago. Similarly, all our analyses detected a strong Pleistocene female population expansion for this taxon. Diverse spatial genetic analyses, perhaps with the exception of Monmonier's Algorithm, did not detect differentiated taxa within the area analyzed for <i>L. l. poeppigii</i>. These genetics results could be of importance to conservation efforts to preserve this taxon as one unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 4","pages":"147-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1757084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37868170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}