{"title":"Population genetic structure and phylogeography of the greater horseshoe bat (<i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>) along Alborz and Zagros Mts. in Iran.","authors":"Robab Mehdizadeh, Vahid Akmali, Mozafar Sharifi","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1741562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1741562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we investigate the genetic structure and phylogeography of <i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>, using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (1017 bp) in Iran and adjacent regions. The total haplotype and nucleotide diversity are 0.63 ± 0.055 and 0.0021 ± 0.00017, respectively which suggest that <i>R. ferrumequinum</i> exhibits low genetic diversity. AMOVA analysis shows that more variation of genetic differentiation is present among populations of phylogenetic groupings than within populations. Our phylogenetic results support the monophyly of <i>R. ferrumequinum</i> and suggest this taxon comprises three allopatric/parapatric phylogroups that are distributed in Europe-western Turkey, eastern Turkey-northern Iran, and southern Iran. The Europe-western Turkey lineage (clade 2) split from the eastern Turkey-Iran lineage (clade 1) during the middle Pleistocene (0.8534 (ca.I)-0.6454 (ca.II) Ma). The divergence time among subclades A and B occurred during the mid-Pleistocene (0.4849 (ca.I)-0.369 (ca.II) Ma). All phylogenetic analyses also indicate that the Iranian and eastern Turkey <i>R. ferrumequinum</i> diverged from Europe and western Turkey <i>R. ferrumequinum</i>, with the mean percentage sequence differences ranging from 0.92%-0.75% between them. We infer that long-term isolation of <i>R. ferrumequinum</i> in spatially distinct refugia in parts of southwestern and northeastern Iran has promoted distinct phylogeographic lineages during the Pleistocene.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 3","pages":"87-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1741562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37762566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jong-Sun Kim, Jaejin Park, Jonathan J Fong, Yong-Pu Zhang, Shu-Ran Li, Hidetoshi Ota, Sung-Hun Min, Mi-Sook Min, Daesik Park
{"title":"Genetic diversity and inferred dispersal history of the Schlegel's Japanese Gecko (<i>Gekko japonicus</i>) in Northeast Asia based on population genetic analyses and paleo-species distribution modelling.","authors":"Jong-Sun Kim, Jaejin Park, Jonathan J Fong, Yong-Pu Zhang, Shu-Ran Li, Hidetoshi Ota, Sung-Hun Min, Mi-Sook Min, Daesik Park","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1742332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1742332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To understand the genetic diversity and dispersal history of Schlegel's Japanese gecko (<i>Gekko japonicus</i>), we performed genetic analyses and paleo-species distributional modelling. For the genetic analysis, we analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (cytochrome b [<i>Cytb</i>] and NADH dehydrogenase 2 [<i>ND2</i>]) and seven microsatellite loci of 353 individuals from 11 populations (2 east coast China, 4 west and central coast Japan and 5 Korea). For the paleo-species distribution modelling, we used 432 occurrence data points (125 China, 291 Japan and 16 Korea) over the Pleistocene and Holocene. China is inferred to be the source population, which had higher genetic diversity (mtDNA) and more private alleles (mtDNA) compared to Japanese and Korean populations. Differences between the three counties were very small in the mtDNA haplotype network despite some genetic structure among the three countries. Microsatellite analysis inferred that genetic exchange has actively occurred among the Chinese, Japanese and Korean populations. Suitable habitats in Japan should have been plentiful by the mid-Holocene, but have only recently become available in Korea. These results suggest that dispersal of <i>G. japonicus</i> occurred after the Holocene warming from the east coast of China to the west and central coasts of Japan and Korea, and gene flow is actively occurring among the three countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 3","pages":"120-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1742332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37771835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of leafhoppers associated with Aster Yellow disease on China aster, Marigold and Chrysanthemum.","authors":"Mahadeva Swamy Hanchipura Mallesh, Ramasamy Asokan, Hanamant Gadad, Samuel Duleep Kumar, Rajiv Kumar, Tejaswini Prakash","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1735378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1735378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Cicadellidae (Auchenorrhyncha: Hemiptera) are important agricultural, horticultural and ornamental pests. But it is very difficult to define nymphs and female adults using morphological characteristics. This research was aimed at understanding the variety of leafhoppers species and defining the prospective cause of the aster-yellow disease in China Aster, Marigold and Chrysanthemum. Two surveys were conducted in and around Pune, Maharashtra and Bengaluru, Karnataka between November 2016 and February 2017. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) region marker was used in the species diagnosis and genetic diversity research. Through the use of mtCOI molecular marker eight different leafhoppers species were identified as <i>Sogatella furcifera, Homalodisca insolita, Amrasca biguttula, Balclutha incise and Balclutha abdominalis and Japanagallia trifurcate</i>. Whereas at genus level identified as <i>Toya, Empoasca, Perkinsiella, Hishimonus, Tambocerus, Phaconeura, Curena, Psammotettix and Graphocophala</i> species. These results are strongly corroborated with morphological identification. On the basis of multiple sequence alignment of the mtCOI gene, a species phylogenetic tree with the highest likelihood was drawn. All the leafhopper species clustered together in accordance with the species data collected from the database of the different geographic regions from the NCBI GenBank and Barcode of Life (BOLD). Such results suggest that it is important to use both molecular and morphological methods to ensure accurate identification of organisms. To conclude, this research contributes valuable knowledge to molecular biology and recognizes leafhopper species that serve as major phytoplasma vectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 2","pages":"64-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1735378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37716943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yizhi Zhong, Zhangsheng Tang, Liming Huang, Dapeng Wang, Zhuanling Lu
{"title":"Genetic diversity of <i>Procambarus clarkii</i> populations based on mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers in different areas of Guangxi, China.","authors":"Yizhi Zhong, Zhangsheng Tang, Liming Huang, Dapeng Wang, Zhuanling Lu","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1721484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1721484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The red swamp crayfish (<i>Procambarus clarkii</i>) is a famous invasive species. However, it has become one of the most important freshwater aquaculture resources in China. Herein, we focus on five artificial cultured populations of <i>P. clarkii</i> in Guangxi, southern China to investigate the genetic diversity based on mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites. The results revealed that the genetic diversity of <i>P. clarkii</i> populations in southern Guangxi (NN and DT) was lower than in central (LZ and LB) and northern (RS) Guangxi. A total of 17 haplotypes were captured from 100 individuals and haplotype 2 mainly existed, and the number of haplotype in NN and DT was less than other populations. The AMOVA showed that genetic variation was determined by within populations. The observed mismatch distribution of overall populations fit the expected distributions, indicating that no obvious demographic expansion, but unimodal was observed in RS, LZ and LB. <i>F</i>st among most of groups exhibited moderate differentiation. Nevertheless, the gene flow demonstrated there had extensive gene exchanges between different populations, particularly between LZ and LB. UPGMA tree revealed that NN and DT belonged to the same clade, whereas the remaining populations were in the other clade. According to the genetic diversity, there is a need to improve the germplasm resources of <i>P. clarkii</i> in southern Guangxi.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 2","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1721484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37602490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA: the common confusions.","authors":"Mikhail Alexeyev","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1734586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1734586","url":null,"abstract":"In theory, scientific discovery follows the path of putting forward a hypothesis, testing it and either accepting it as a theory or discarding it based on the outcome of testing. As it often happens, real life is more complicated than this straightforward scheme; research undergoes unexpected twists and turns, and the total body of experimental evidence often both provides support for and refutes the hypothesis in question. After protracted arguments, the focus of scientific debate eventually shifts, often without solidifying the outcome in a clearly articulated conclusion allowing each side to cling to its own subset of gathered evidence. As a consequence, old misconceptions often persist in the literature, confusing newcomers and slowing the pace of scientific discovery. In this editorial, I identify some of these outdated concepts and confusions as they relate to mtDNA, outline their historical contexts and provide criticisms.","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 2","pages":"45-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1734586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37717841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of bagrid catfish in China based on mitochondrial COI gene.","authors":"Rui Zou, Cong Liang, Mengmeng Dai, Xiaodong Wang, Xiuyue Zhang, Zhaobin Song","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1735379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1735379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The family Bagridae is a collection of species widely distributed in Africa and Asia with a high diversity of morphology. The species identification and phylogenetic relationship in this family have been confused and controversial. In order to explore the effectiveness of DNA barcoding in species identification of Bagridae, sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene of 20 species in four genera of Bagridae were used to analyse barcoding gap and to reconstruct phylogenetic relationship. Both the barcoding gap and the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the COI gene-based DNA barcoding is an effective molecular technique for most species recognition of Chinese Bagridae. However, the rapid speciation and incomplete lineage sorting may affect the accuracy of DNA barcoding in species identification in certain species, and adding additional genes, such as nuclear gene, may help to achieve accurate identification of these species. The phylogenetic tree showed that the monophyly of genera <i>Pelteobagrus</i>, <i>Leiocassis</i> and <i>Pseudobagrus</i> did not exist, which supports that the species of genera <i>Pelteobagrus</i>, <i>Pseudobagrus</i> and <i>Leiocassis</i> distributed in China should be revised into one genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 2","pages":"73-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1735379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37701503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular identification of Cerithiidae (Mollusca: Gastropod) in Hainan island, China.","authors":"Ke Ran, Qi Li, Lu Qi, Weidong Li, Lingfeng Kong","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1726898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1726898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A number of same species of Cerithiidae are morphologically unlike, whereas most of species in the same genus are morphologically similar and just exhibit subtle differences. It is difficult to identify them by morphological methods alone. DNA barcoding is a modern molecular technique that can be used to identify species accurately, and is particularly helpful when distinguishing morphologically similar species. In order to identify species of Cerithiidae using DNA barcoding technology based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes, this study calculated intraspecific and interspecific genetic distance and constructed the phylogenetic trees. A total of 80 COI and 16S rRNA barcode sequences were obtained from 10 species and 3 genera. Some unknown specimens were further identified and a cryptic species may exist in <i>Cerithium traillii</i>, showing that DNA barcoding technology has the potential to discover new species and cryptic species. The phylogenetic trees revealed that all of the cerithiids could converge upon a monophyly with high support values and two genera (<i>Cerithium</i> and <i>Clypeomorus</i>) maybe support the reclassification. It is necessary for traditional morphological methods to combine with the DNA barcoding for classification and identification of Cerithiidae.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 2","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1726898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37641402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aqsa Rehman, Muhammad Fiaz Khan, Saira Bibi, Faisal Nouroz
{"title":"Comparative phylogeny of (<i>Schizothorax esocinus</i>) with reference to 12s and 16 sribosomal RNA from River Swat, Pakistan.","authors":"Aqsa Rehman, Muhammad Fiaz Khan, Saira Bibi, Faisal Nouroz","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1741561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1741561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Schizothorax esocinus</i> is one of the important cold water delicious fish belonging to family Cyprinidae and found in River Swat which is one of the main river flowing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.The complete mitochondrial genomes of the <i>S. esocinus</i> species was found to be 16,591bp. Phylogenetic analysis of <i>S. esocinus</i> based on 12 s ribosomal RNA and 16S rRNA confirmed that, the phylogenetic position of <i>S. esocinus</i> was slightly different, but clustered closed to <i>S. plagiostomus, S. labiatus</i>, <i>S. richardsonii, S. nepalensis,</i> and <i>S. progastus</i> predicting a close homology in genome and hence a monophyletic line of evolution also this specie showed close relationship and homologs to the <i>Aspiorhynchus laticeps, Spinibarbus sinensis, Aspiorhynchus laticeps,</i> and <i>Percocypris</i> respectively. This study provided phylogenetic relationship between Schizothoracinae fishes and with the other fishes of family cyprinidae even at the subfamily level.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 2","pages":"81-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1741561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37754306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kavita Kumari, Manas H M, Archana Sinha, Satish Kumar Koushlesh, Soma Das Sarkar, Simanku Borah, Raju BaItha, Bijay Kumar Behera, Basanta Kumar Das
{"title":"Genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationship of 11 Asian Sisorinae genera (Siluriformes: Sisoridae) with new record of <i>Pseudolaguvia foveolata</i>.","authors":"Kavita Kumari, Manas H M, Archana Sinha, Satish Kumar Koushlesh, Soma Das Sarkar, Simanku Borah, Raju BaItha, Bijay Kumar Behera, Basanta Kumar Das","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2020.1714605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2020.1714605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies on <i>Sisorinae</i> systematics have been largely restricted to morphological data with few studies on examination of phylogenetic relations. However, no study has been done to evaluate genetic distance of the genera under <i>Sisorinae</i> sub-family and detailed phylogenetic relations within it. We used nuclear recombination activating 2 (<i>rag2</i>) gene and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (<i>COI</i>) gene from 64 species to examine genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships within 11 Asian <i>Sisorinae</i> genera. The range of interspecies K2P distance for <i>rag2</i> was 0-0.061 and <i>COI</i> was 0-0.204. Phylogenetic analysis based on maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian (BI) approaches for each locus individually and for the concatenated <i>rag2</i> and <i>COI</i> sequences revealed three major subclades viz. Bagariini, Sisorini and Erethistini under subfamily Sisorinae. The analysis based on <i>COI</i> gene showed ((Sisorini, Bagariini), Erethistini) relationship. <i>Rag</i>2 and combined <i>rag2</i> and <i>COI</i> showed ((Sisorini, Erethistini), Bagariini) relationship. Combined <i>rag</i>2 and <i>COI</i> analyses resulted into better resolved trees with a good bootstrap support. In this study, new record of <i>Pseudolaguvia foveolata</i> (Erethistini) has been documented based on 13 specimens collected from Torsa River, Jaldapara, Alipurduar district, West Bengal, India (26°43'44.66″ N and 89°19'32.34″ E), extending its distribution range in Brahmaputra drainage, India. The genetic distance between the <i>P. foveolata</i> new record and the reported <i>P. foveolata</i> (holotype: UMMZ 244867) was 0.00 at both <i>rag2</i> and <i>COI</i> locus and it was further grouped with <i>P. foveolata</i> Type specimen (holotype: UMMZ 244867) with 100% bootstrap support. This report gives additional information on occurrence of the species <i>P. foveolata</i>, along with discussion on morphometric, meristic and molecular (<i>COI</i> and <i>rag2</i> gene) data.</p>","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2020.1714605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37562368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to the critique of Sameer Padhye and Neelesh Dahanukar (2019).","authors":"Shil Abhyankar, Kshama Khobragade, Ganesh Khanwelkar, Anita Tiknaik, Gulab Khedkar","doi":"10.1080/24701394.2019.1703964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2019.1703964","url":null,"abstract":"We are pleased that Sameer Padhye and Neelesh Dahanukar (hereafter referred to as PN) agree that there is a significant need for DNA barcode data on this important group of organisms, and that a major goal of the paper (Abhyankar et al. 2019) was to initiate an effort to fill this gap. PN, do however, make other comments questioning other points made in the paper, and here we will attempt to address each of them","PeriodicalId":74204,"journal":{"name":"Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis","volume":"31 1","pages":"42-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24701394.2019.1703964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37475451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}