MaedicaPub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.257
Marianno Franzini, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Luigi Valdenassi
{"title":"Haemolysis Generated with the Use of Glass Bottles Instead of PVC, DEHP-Free Blood Collection Bags in the Oxygen-Ozone Therapy.","authors":"Marianno Franzini, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Luigi Valdenassi","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.257","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the safety implications of using glass bottles versus PVC, DEHP-free plastic bags for autologous blood collection in major autohaemotherapy with oxygen-ozone (O 2 -O 3 -MAHT). Concerns have arisen regarding increased haemolysis when blood is collected in glass containers, particularly due to high shear stress, surface irregularities and turbulence associated with vacuum-based collection. Historical data from transfusion medicine already established that glass induces higher red blood cell (RBC) rupture rates, a finding confirmed through mathematical modelling and simulations in this study. The release of haemoglobin and formation of meta-haemoglobin, both pro-inflammatory mediators, pose potential risks to patient safety. The authors applied ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to model haemolysis, biochemical stability and inflammatory responses, revealing that plastic bags offer superior preservation of RBC integrity and reduce inflammation risks. Comparative data on foam formation, albumin adsorption and oxygenation efficacy further reinforce the advantage of plastic containers. Forecast modelling suggests that treatment failure and safety risks increase significantly with glass use, particularly at higher ozone doses. The study concludes that DEHP-free plastic bags provide a more reliable, safe and biocompatible method for O 2 -O 3 -MAHT and recommends phasing out glass bottles to minimize haemolysis and ensure the therapeutic efficacy of medical ozone procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"257-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Erythema Induratum of Bazin Necessitating Protracted Treatment for Complete Remission: Are We in Need of Disease-Specific Therapy Guidelines?","authors":"Konstantina Mavridou, Athanasia Zampeta, Sofia Gavriil, Evangeli Lampri, Christos Chronis, Georgios Gaitanis","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.437","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erythema induratum of Bazin (EIB) is a rare subcutaneous granulomatous disease that is considered to represent a form of tuberculin hypersensitivity. We present the case of a 74-year-old Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated female patient, who presented to our dermatology clinic with painful, erythematous purple nodules on the lower extremities. Clinical examination, histopathological analysis, a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) supported the diagnosis of EIB. A standard six-month anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) led to improvement of the clinical presentation. However, after discontinuation of ATT, the clinical symptoms and sings relapsed and ATT had to be extended for a total of 10 months to achieve complete remission without relapse for 12 months. Given the lack of established treatment guidelines for the management of EIB, this case underscores the need for prolonged ATT for the effective management of this condition, which is guided by the relevant clinical picture and sometimes goes beyond standardized anti-tubercular treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"437-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prognostic Significance of Mast Cell Count and Angiogenesis in Central Giant Cell Granulomas of the Jaws.","authors":"Marzieh Parto, Monireh Halimi, Shokoufeh Shahrabi-Farahani, Maedeh Vakili Saatloo, Maryam Kouhsoltani","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.283","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Mast cells (MCs) secrete different angiogenic factors stimulating angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to assess MC count and microvessel density (MVD) in aggressive and non-aggressive central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) of the jaws.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixteen aggressive and 14 non-aggressive paraffin-embedded samples of CGCGs were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis using anti-MC tryptase and anti-CD31 antibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean values±SEM (standard error of mean) for MC count and MVD in aggressive and non-aggressive CGCGs were: 7.48±0.84, 3.85±0.51, 5.55±0.89, 3.19±0.61, respectively. All CGCG cases demonstrated MCs. Differences for both MC count and MVD were statistically significant between aggressive and non-aggressive CGCGs (p=0.002 and p=0.045, respectively), i.e. , MC count and MVD were significantly higher in aggressive lesions. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between MC count and MVD in CGCG (r=0.570, p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mast cell count and MVD might be used as prognostic markers of aggressive behavior of CGCGs at the time of initial biopsy. Our findings might postulate that therapeutic strategies against MC mediators and angiogenesis may benefit in aggressive CGCG as a non-surgical modality of treatment. With further studies, their prognostic significance and therapeutic application can be evaluated in patients suffering from aggressive CGCG.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"283-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaedicaPub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.168
Ruxandra Copciag, Vladimir Bratu, Roxana Rimbas, Stefania Magda, Laura Lungeanu, Alexandru Corlan, Alexandru Schiopu, Maya Simionescu, Dragos Vinereanu
{"title":"Usefulness of Non-Invasive Myocardial Work and Systemic Inflammation Assessment in Predicting Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.","authors":"Ruxandra Copciag, Vladimir Bratu, Roxana Rimbas, Stefania Magda, Laura Lungeanu, Alexandru Corlan, Alexandru Schiopu, Maya Simionescu, Dragos Vinereanu","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.168","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Left ventricular (LV) remodeling plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular (LV) volumes and, more recently, speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) are used to describe LV performance. Myocardial work (MW) is a new noninvasive imaging method that integrates loading conditions and can be used to detect early myocardial dysfunction before LVEF decreases.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to characterize the relationship between MW, high-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTn I) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as an inflammation biomarker. Their use as predictors for LV dysfunction in the acute phase of ACS is of particular interest but is still under debate.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Complete clinical examination and two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE), with speckle-tracking and myocardial work measurements, were performed in the first 24 hours after admission. Locally available biomarkers were assessed in the same timeframe, with special interest in hs-cTn I and CRP, as a marker for inflammation. A follow-up visit, including the same clinical, biological, and echocardiographic measurements, was performed six to eight weeks after the index event.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We evaluated 56 patients (53 ± 10 years, 45 men) with ACS. Baseline hs-cTn I significantly correlated with baseline global longitudinal strain (GLS) (r=0.43, p=0.001) and baseline MW parameters (GWI: r=-0.44, p=0.001; GCW: r=-0.40, p=0.002). A correlation between hs-cTn I and LVEF was not statistically relevant. C-reactive protein, which was used to assess systemic inflammation, also failed to correlate with LVEF. However, CRP significantly correlated with relevant MW parameters (GWE: r=-0.53, p<0.001 and GWW: r=0.48, p<0.001). C-reactive protein levels above 28 mg/L correlated with a decrease in MW performance assessed by GWE, suggesting a possible tendency to adverse remodeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>C-reactive protein level in the first 24 hours after ACS and its correlation with MW parameters may be a potential indicator of future LV dysfunction and heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"168-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Dietary Intervention in Paediatric Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Open Labelled Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Aritra Kapat, Raghunath Murmu, Satyajit Mandal, Koushik Biswas, Nilendu Sarma, Ashok Kumar Bala","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.275","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a skin disorder characterized by itchy wheal, angioedema or both that persists for over six weeks. 'Pseudoallergens' in food induce hypersensitive reactions similar to true allergic reactions and are linked to CSU. These consist of food additives, vasoactive amines (histamine) and a few natural substances in fruits, vegetables and spices. This study aimed to investigate if dietary restriction (pseudoallergen-free and low histamine diet) can improve the clinical outcome in paediatric CSU patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present open-label randomized control trial was conducted in a paediatric tertiary care centre of Eastern India from September 2021 to August 2022. Paediatric CSU patients (n=140) attending the centre were randomly allocated to one of two treatment interventions: DR group (n=70, drug) or DRDI group (n=70, drugs and dietary intervention). Both groups were compared at baseline. The weekly urticaria activity score (UAS7) was calculated by trained parents. All data were entered in an Excel spreadsheet. T-test was used to compare the UAS7 of both groups at baseline, three and six weeks of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory parameters and weekly urticaria activity score (UAS7) between groups at baseline. After six weeks of treatment, the UAS7 of patients in the DRDI group was lower as compared to those in the DR group (8.80±4.27 vs 10.19±4.66), though statistically insignificant (t=1.79, p=0.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pseudoallergen-free diet is a safe and cost-effective measure to decrease CSU patients' symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"275-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Rare Anatomical Venous Variant in the Lower Extremity.","authors":"Margarita Toumanidou, Stamatis Karakatsanis, Elias Kotteas, Anastasios Kollias, Nikolaos Liasis, Theodoros Mariolis-Sapsakos, Dimitrios Filippou, Theodoros Troupis, Evangelos Dimakakos","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.442","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a rare venous anatomical variant identified in a 68-year-old male with lung cancer and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Color duplex ultrasonography revealed direct drainage of the popliteal vein into the common femoral vein, with absence of the superficial femoral vein. This previously undescribed variation may have contributed to thrombogenesis in the hypercoagulable setting of malignancy. Recognition of such variants is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of DVT.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"442-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ankle-Foot Musculoskeletal Pathologies and Age-Related Arthro-Kinematic Changes: a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Sundip Hemant Charmode, Abhishek Kumar Mishra, Simmi Mehra","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.296","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aging process profoundly influences the health of foot and ankle joints, impairing stride and range of motion and resulting in several musculoskeletal disorders. Despite extensive research on ankle arthrokinematics in Western and East Asian populations, India has yet to witness any such studies. We conducted a two-phased research study to evaluate the arthrokinematics of the ankle joint-foot complex. The first phase investigated how different types of physical activity were affecting the biomechanics of the ankle joint-foot complex in both healthy people and those with painful conditions, and the results have already been published.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This article shares the results of phase 2 of the project, which looks at how age and gender affect the size and movement of the ankle-foot complex in healthy people and those with pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational cross-sectional study comprised 158 patients randomly selected from those presenting at the orthopaedic outpatient department. We obtained ethical clearance and finalized the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) registration for the study before commencement. The study assessed the impact of age and gender on the anthropometric and biomechanical parameters of the ankle joint-foot complex in patients experiencing foot and ankle joint pain (cases) and in pain-free individuals (controls).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The middle age group (25-64 years) was identified as the most susceptible demographic for ankle joint-foot complex diseases, accounting for 146 out of all 158 cases (92.4%). The average dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion and eversion in both unaffected and diseased feet diminished with advancing age. Female patients had a greater prevalence of ankle and foot diseases compared to male subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As people get older, the range of motion of the ankle and foot decreases significantly because of several physical reasons such as weaker muscles, stiffer joints and less flexible connective tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"296-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaedicaPub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.176
Petrino-Cristian Calinoiu, Daniel Badescu, Ovidiu-Catalin Nechita, Cristian-Valentin Toma, Diana Neculai, Stefan Rascu, Razvan-Cosmin Petca, Justin Aurelian, Cristian-Sorin Sima, Viorel Jinga
{"title":"Refining the Management of Prostate Imaging Reporting Category 3 Lesions through SelectMDx Urinary Biomarker Evaluation.","authors":"Petrino-Cristian Calinoiu, Daniel Badescu, Ovidiu-Catalin Nechita, Cristian-Valentin Toma, Diana Neculai, Stefan Rascu, Razvan-Cosmin Petca, Justin Aurelian, Cristian-Sorin Sima, Viorel Jinga","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.176","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the SelectMDx urinary biomarker test in men with PI-RADS 3 lesions identified through multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), a subgroup in which prostate cancer diagnosis remains uncertain. The primary objective was to assess whether SelectMDx can improve risk stratification for clinically significant prostate cancer and thereby reduce unnecessary prostate biopsies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective cohort of 40 patients with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ≥3 ng/mL and PI-RADS ≥ 3 lesions on mpMRI was analyzed. All participants underwent mpMRI, followed by targeted magnetic resonance imaging/transrectal ultrasound (MRI/TRUS) fusion-guided biopsy and standard TRUS-guided biopsy. Prior to biopsy, urine samples were collected post-digital rectal examination for SelectMDx analysis. The test evaluates messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of distal-less homeobox 1 (DLX1) and homeobox C6 protein (HOXC6), integrating molecular data with clinical parameters to generate individualized risk scores. Diagnostic performance was assessed through sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions (n=40), a significant correlation between SelectMDx results and biopsy-confirmed clinically significant prostate cancer was observed. Clinically significant cancer was detected in 57.1% of patients with a positive SelectMDx result, compared to 18.2% in those with a negative result (p=0.031). The test demonstrated a sensitivity of 57.14%, a specificity of 81.82%, a positive predictive value of 40% and a negative predictive value of 90%, with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 77.5%. While age emerged as the only independent predictor in multivariate analysis, SelectMDx showed a strong potential to exclude malignancy and support more selective biopsy strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"176-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MaedicaPub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.388
Maria Vidali, Aikaterini Sousamli, Panagiota Dourou, Anna Deltsidou, Victoria Vivilaki, Antigoni Sarantaki
{"title":"Crafting Kinship Beyond Biology: Maternal Experiences in Non-Genetic Family Formation - a Systematic Review.","authors":"Maria Vidali, Aikaterini Sousamli, Panagiota Dourou, Anna Deltsidou, Victoria Vivilaki, Antigoni Sarantaki","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.388","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parenthood without a genetic link, such as in adoption or through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like oocyte and embryo donation, presents unique challenges for mothers. These challenges include psychological, emotional and social pressures related to maternal identity, bonding and disclosure practices. This systematic review synthesizes existing research on the emotional and psychological experiences of mothers in non-genetic family formations, particularly focusing on how these experiences shape maternal identity and family dynamics. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies on maternal experiences in adoption, oocyte donation and embryo donation were included.ualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Eighteen studies covering maternal experiences across various cultural contexts were included. Key themes identified include maternal identity conflicts, anxiety surrounding disclosure of the child's origins and societal stigma. Despite these challenges, most mothers developed strong emotional bonds with their children. Differences in cultural norms influenced disclosure practices, affecting family cohesion and maternal well-being. The findings highlight the need for psychological support and clear guidance on disclosure for non-genetic mothers. Future research should focus on developing long-term support systems and culturally tailored interventions to improve the psychological well-being of non-genetic mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"20 2","pages":"388-413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12347008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}