Maedica最新文献

{"title":"Radiological and Ultrasound Findings in Neonatal Respiratory Pathology: Perspectives in Diagnosis.","authors":"Alexandra Elena Popa, Eliza Elena Cinteza, Simona Daniela Popescu, Adriana Tecuci, Simona Vladareanu","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.718","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The evaluation and management of neonatal respiratory pathologies require precise and careful diagnostic approaches, particularly in preterm infants who are at higher risk of respiratory complications. This research compares lung ultrasound (LUS) and chest X-ray for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory conditions in preterm and term neonates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective analysis of the imaging practices for neonatal respiratory pathologies in a cohort of 82 preterm and term infants with a gestational age ranging from 31-41 weeks presenting with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) diagnostically categorized based on clinical and paraclinical investigations, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) immediately after birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common diagnosis was moderate RDS, which affected 17 neonates, followed by moderate transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) in 16 patients, severe RDS in 14 patients and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in 12 patients. Additionally, seven patients presented with mild RDS and six were diagnosed with congenital pneumonia. There were four cases of severe TTN, four cases of mild TTN and only two cases of pneumothorax. This study identified the ultrasound and radiological findings and aimed to highlight the current trend in the evaluation and management of respiratory conditions in preterm and term neonates. The results demonstrate an increasing trend in the use of ultrasound due to its advantages, especially in preterm patients who are at higher risk of respiratory impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The benefits of ultrasound, including absence of radiation and dynamic imaging capabilities, make it a valuable tool for ongoing assessment and management. While X-rays remain an important imaging tool in certain clinical scenarios, their use should be judicious to minimize radiation exposure. These findings support the continued integration of ultrasound in neonatal practice and suggest further research into optimizing imaging protocols to improve long-term outcomes for neonates.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"718-725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Family Function with Anxiety and Depression among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: a Cross-Sectional Study in Iran.","authors":"Roya Mohammadi, Nasrin Jafari Varjoshani, Mitra Payami Bousari, Zeinab Ghahremani","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.742","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Background: Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in hemodialysis patients. Social support can help in reducing these disorders.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study is aimed to examine the relationship of family functioning with anxiety and depression in hemodialysis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 199 patients referred to the hemodialysis centers of Zanjan province, Iran, in 2019. Stratified sampling was used. A demographic questionnaire, hospital anxiety and depression questionnaire (HADS) and McMaster family assessment device (FAD) were employed as data collection tools. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all study participants, 52.3% were males, 76.4% were married and 52.7% were over 60 years old. Patients' family functioning in all dimensions was within the normal range. Among the dimensions of family functioning, problem solving (mean 1.88) was the best dimension and roles (mean 2.36) the weakest one. Patients had a mean anxiety score of 9, which indicated a mild level of the condition, and 60.8% of subjects had different stages of anxiety. The mean score of depression was 9.46, which also revealed a mild level, and 68.8% of subjects had different stages of depression. With the improvement of family functioning, patients' anxiety and depression decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A better family functioning was associated with a lower level of anxiety and depression in the investigated subjects. Therefore, it is recommended to provide educational and counseling services, effective and comprehensive social support from various support systems in the society for improving patients' family function.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"742-749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of HPV with Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer: Current Evidence.","authors":"Evangelos Kokkinis, Nikolaos Stefanos Bastas, Ioanna Mega, Christos Tsironis, Aikaterini D Lianou","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.8012024;","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.8012024;","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral cancer is a significant worldwide health issue which has an annual incidence of over 377,000 new cases. It was historically associated with tobacco and alcohol use, but recent research has also emphasized the role of human papilloma virus (HPV), specifically types 16 and 18, to the development of oropharyngeal malignancies. Human papilloma virus, a common sexually transmitted infection, impacts approximately 9-13% of the worldwide population. Currently, there have been 202 recognized virus types associated with HPV. HPV-positive oral cancers have different clinical and molecular features compared to HPV-negative ones. The HPV-positive tumors tend to better respond to radiation and chemotherapy treatments. This review compiles findings from an extensive literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar. It highlights the growing occurrence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal malignancies, especially among younger age groups, in different regions of the world. There has been a noticeable increase in the occurrence of these tumors, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. The rates of HPV infection are influenced by factors such as inadequate oral hygiene, sexual habits and gender differences. The research emphasizes the necessity for enhanced diagnostic methods, such as PCR-based assays, and shows the potential advantages of HPV vaccination and public health education in reducing the increasing cancer burden. Conducting additional research is crucial in order to create efficient methods for preventing and treating these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"801-806"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: When Submillimeter Differences are Important but Ignored by the Applied Methodology.","authors":"Christian Saleh","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.874","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ABSTRACT.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"874-876"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular and Genetic Risk Factors in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: a Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Christina Garnavou-Xirou, Georgios Bontzos, Georgios Smoustopoulos, Stavros Velissaris, Alexandros Papadopoulos, Efstathios Georgopoulos, Panagiotis Stavrakas, Tina Xirou, Vasileios Kozobolis","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.780","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a leading cause of vision impairment globally and the second most common retinal vascular disease leading to blindness. Affecting over 20 million people worldwide, the prevalence of BRVO is expected to increase with the aging population. Branch retinal vein occlusion occurs due to the obstruction of small veins draining blood from the retina, leading to hemorrhages, fluid leakage and retinal damage. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of ocular conditions and genetic predispositions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published between January 2010 and January 2024. The search terms included \"retinal vein occlusion\", \"BRVO\" and \"risk factors.\" After initial screening of 642 articles, non-English articles, animal studies and in vitro models were excluded. In total, 63 articles were analyzed for ocular and genetic risk factors associated with BRVO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ocular risk factors for BRVO include glaucoma, short axial length and optic disc drusen. Elevated intraocular pressure in glaucoma can compress retinal veins, while short axial length increases the likelihood of venous compression. Optic disc drusen cause vascular anomalies that heighten BRVO risk. Genetic polymorphisms affecting coagulation, endothelial function, inflammation and oxidative stress, such as MTHFR C677T and Factor V Leiden, also influence BRVO susceptibility. Familial clustering and genetic variations in inflammatory pathways further contribute to the risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant impact of BRVO on vision health underscores the need for comprehensive strategies for early detection, prevention and treatment. Understanding the ocular and genetic risk factors is crucial for developing personalized treatment and effective public health initiatives. Ongoing research into genetic and molecular mechanisms will enhance management approaches and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"780-788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Orthoplastic Approach for the Management of Early Postoperative Infections of Tibial Plateau Fractures.","authors":"Chrysoula Argyrou, Georgios Prelorentzos, Aristeidis Koutsopoulos, Christos-Panagiotis Stragalis, Pavlos Mouratidis, Dimitris Florin Georgiou, Christos Gakis, Vasileios D Polyzois","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.684","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The orthoplastic approach enables simultaneous treatment of soft tissues and fracture. The aim of the present study was to report the results of patients who received orthoplastic treatment for early postoperative infection after osteosynthesis of tibial plateau fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2008 to 2018, 17 patients underwent orthoplastic surgery for early postoperative infection after internal fixation of tibial plateau fractures in our center. The median time from internal fixation to re-operation was seven weeks (4-10). Tissue cultures and sonication fluid cultures of implants were obtained. In all cases, circular external fixation was used. Soft-tissues were covered with either the medial head of gastrocnemius along with split-skin graft (13 patients) or local advancement flaps (four patients). Postoperatively, antibiotics were administered based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. At follow-up, clinical and radiologic examination was performed to assess wound healing and fracture union.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circular external fixation was used for continuation of fracture stabilization in 14 patients and for knee arthrodesis due to severely damaged articular surfaces in two patients. One case was treated with anterior tibia bone transport. In all cases, bone union was achieved and skin was healed completely. SF-36 results at three years postoperatively were 61.29 ± 12.38 for the physical health component and 68.15 ± 13.34 for the mental health component.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the right setting and with the required expertise, single stage orthoplastic treatment is a valid option that spares the patient from the distress of multiple procedures and offers acceptable clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"684-689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Adipokines and CIMT in Metabolic Syndrome in Western Uttar Pradesh Population: a Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ravi Pratap Singh, Kalpana Chauhan, Alok Tripathi, Rekha Choudhary","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"877-884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Segmentation of Knee Menisci Using U-Net Deep Learning Model: Preliminary Results.","authors":"Alexei Botnari, Manuella Kadar, Daniela Rodica Puia, Jenel Marian Patrascu, Jenel Marian Patrascu Jr","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.690","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study describes the initial findings of the detection and segmentation of the knee meniscus in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using the U-Net deep learning model. The primary goal was to develop a model that automatically identified and segmented the meniscus from the region of interest (ROI) in knee MRI scans.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The current study was conducted in two phases. Initially, a U-Net deep learning model was developed to automatically detect the meniscus using a training dataset comprising 104 knee MRI images. In the second phase, the model was fine-tuned with an additional 50 MRI scans featuring manually segmented images to segment the meniscus from the ROI accurately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After performing 14 training tests, the U-Net model achieved a detection accuracy of 0.91. The average Dice score for ROIs after training at 100 epochs was 0.7259. With training extended to 300 epochs, the Dice score improved to 0.7525. Finally, the model reached a Dice score of 0.7609 after 500 epochs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study introduces a practical deep learning-based approach for segmenting the knee meniscus, which is validated against ground truth annotations from orthopedic surgeons. Despite challenges such as data scarcity and the need for sequence-specific optimization, our method demonstrates significant potential for advancing automated meniscus segmentation in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"690-695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosomatic Dimensions of Rhinoplasty and Their Role in Quality of Life and Self-Care.","authors":"Aikaterini D Lianou, Elena Dragioti, Stefanos Mantzoukas, Mary Gouva","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.836","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhinoplasty, one of the most prevalent facial plastic surgeries, bears both functional and aesthetic import. This literature review examined the psychosomatic dimensions of rhinoplasty and their influence on patients' quality of life and self-care. Rhinoplasty, whether undertaken alone or in conjunction with septoplasty, is intricate and technically demanding, with success being largely contingent upon psychosomatic factors. The popularity of rhinoplasty has burgeoned due to augmented social acceptance and media exposure. Postoperative psychological outcomes vary, with dissatisfaction being frequently linked to pre-existing psychopathology. Men often exhibit higher levels of psychopathology and are less satisfied after surgery comparatively to women. Prudent patient selection, realistic expectations and psychological screening are imperative for successful outcomes. Rhinoplasty affects individuals of all ages, from adolescents to the elderly, with involving unique concerns and benefits. Patient satisfaction hinges on factors such as gender, age, education, culture, ethnicity, occupation, economic profile, psychological profile and expectations. The use of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) is indispensable for evaluating the health-related quality of life and psychosocial changes following rhinoplasty. Comprehending these dimensions is crucial for enhancing patient satisfaction and ensuring successful outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"836-841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates in Head and Neck Oncology - Current Knowledge and Future Horizons.","authors":"Camil Ciprian Mirestean, Roxana Irina Iancu, Dragos Petru Teodor Iancu","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.796","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treatment for head and neck recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with immune checkpoint inhibitors has now become the new therapeutic standard, primarily replacing the EXTREME and TPex protocols that included the EGFR inhibitor Cetuximab and chemotherapy. Even if there are considerable advances in therapeutic results, less than 20% of patients with this stage of the disease survive more than four years. These results demonstrate the need to identify more effective therapies beyond simple PD1/PD-L1 blockade. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), vaccines, bispecific kinase inhibitors and fusion proteins involving the modulation of the tumor microenvironment are strategies to be exploited in the future. Also, in locally advanced cancers, the results of combining immunotherapy with chemoradiation treatment did not give the expected results. The use of other therapeutic sequences, including immunotherapy in association with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, but also the association with mTOR inhibitors are also evaluated in clinical trials. We propose to present some new directions in the therapies of locally advanced relapsed or metastatic HNSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":74094,"journal":{"name":"Maedica","volume":"19 4","pages":"796-800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}