JSAMS plus最新文献

{"title":"Time course of perceived knee stiffness following prolonged sitting in healthy adults","authors":"Alexandre Kovats ,&nbsp;Jeanette M. Thom","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Knee stiffness is a common complaint experienced during prolonged periods of sedentary behaviour, including following prolonged sitting, in both healthy and people with musculoskeletal conditions. Reduction of self-reported knee stiffness is important to patient-centred outcomes. Our aim was to obtain pilot data to determine the timeframe for knee stiffness onset in healthy populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-two participants (20–76 years) with no diagnosed chronic musculoskeletal condition were recruited. After pilot testing, perceived knee joint stiffness and pain (Visual Analogue Scale) were measured while sitting (at 15, 30, 60, and 90 ​min) with the knee joint held at 90°. Correlations between knee stiffness after 90 ​min of sitting and baseline demographic data, and knee range of motion were analysed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Greater levels of self-reported stiffness were observed (mean ​± ​SD) after sitting still for 30 (1.8 ​± ​1.6; p ​&lt; ​0.001), 60 (3.4 ​± ​2.4; p ​&lt; ​0.001) and 90 ​min (4.1 ​± ​2.6; p ​&lt; ​0.001) compared to baseline (n ​= ​31). Increase of self-reported pain occurred by 60 and 90 ​min of sitting (p ​&lt; ​0.001). Minimal clinical important difference (MCID) (±2 ​cm) in stiffness occurred by 60 ​min of sitting (+2.6 ​cm) with pain not reaching MCID by 90 ​min. Self-reported stiffness at 90 ​min of sitting was negatively correlated with participant age (r ​= ​−0.433, p ​= ​0.004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Healthy adults begin to experience knee stiffness when sitting still after 30 ​min, though this was only clinically relevant by 60 ​min. Moving the joint, even whilst still sitting, helped to alleviate joint stiffness and pain, which may assist in providing advice to all adults on sedentary behaviours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant weight gain and motor development in relation to childhood adiposity and physical activity","authors":"Tomoko Aoyama ,&nbsp;Yuki Hikihara ,&nbsp;Masashi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Wakabayashi ,&nbsp;Hidemi Takimoto ,&nbsp;Shigeho Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The long-term effects of infant weight gain and motor development on adiposity and physical activity remain unclear. This study investigates how these factors predict objectively assessed adiposity and physical activity at early school age, and whether these associations persist into preadolescence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study with prospective follow-up included 223 first-grade children (aged 6–7) for initial assessments, including body fat percentage determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) assessed using an accelerometer. A four-year follow-up involved 216 fifth-grade children (aged 10–11). Data on weights measured at birth and at 1-, 3–4-, and 18-month checkups, along with ages at which six gross motor milestones were achieved, were extracted from the Maternal and Child Health Handbook.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multivariable regression analyses, adjusted for sex, gestational age, height, school location, maternal age, and pre-pregnancy body mass index showed that rapid weight gain from birth to 18 months (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.01) and later age at standing with support (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.001) were independently associated with higher body fat assessed in the first grade, with a significant negative interaction (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.02). Later age at standing with support was also significantly associated with less MVPA time in the first grade (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.02). Among these, only the association between age at standing with support and body fat remained significant in the fifth grade (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the long-term implications of later achievement of motor milestones for future adiposity, persisting into preadolescence. Infant motor development can be an important determinant of future health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focus on female athletes and special issue on physical activity in people with disability","authors":"Jessica Orchard,&nbsp;Leanne Hassett","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Support needs assessment tool for people with disability wanting to participate in sport and exercise (SNAT-SE): Usability and acceptability testing","authors":"Jessica Hill ,&nbsp;Kelly Clanchy ,&nbsp;Stewart Trost ,&nbsp;Jennifer Fleming ,&nbsp;Emma Beckman ,&nbsp;Sean Tweedy ,&nbsp;Iain Dutia ,&nbsp;Sjaan Gomersall","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People with disability participate in sport and exercise at lower rates than the general population. Health and fitness professionals’ lack of knowledge regarding the support needs of people with disability has been identified as a major barrier to participation. To address this barrier, we developed a support needs assessment tool for people with disability wanting to participate in sport and exercise. The present study explored the usability and acceptability of the tool from the perspectives of the end-users.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>An online survey was used to gather data on the usability and acceptability of the tool from the perspectives of people with disability, health professionals, community-based fitness professionals, and relevant researchers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 52 people completed the survey. Participants reported that the SNAT-SE was a useful and acceptable tool to assess the support needs of people with disability wanting to participate in sport and exercise. Participants also provided recommendations on refinements to further enhance the use of the tool. Refinements included increased clarity of the language used throughout the tool, a reduction in the overall length and flexibility in administration to reduce the time burden, and modifications to ensure all disability populations could equally benefit from the tool.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, the tool showed good usability and acceptability. Further research is required to evaluate the tool's effectiveness in improving the confidence and quality of service delivery of health and fitness professionals supporting people with disability to participate in sport and exercise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter- and intra-rater reliability of two aquatic safety skill assessment tools","authors":"N. Nyitrai ,&nbsp;C. James ,&nbsp;M. Brunton ,&nbsp;S. Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Learning to swim is recommended as an important layer of protection in drowning prevention. However, identifying what aquatic skill(s) are essential, and the absence of a gold or industry standard makes establishing the reliability of learn to swim assessment difficult.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five aquatic skills aligned with water safety and survival, from the Australian Water Safety Council's 2016 benchmark, were included in a cross-sectional study designed to test the reliability of two assessment tools: 1. competent/not yet competent and 2. RAEE (Refuse, Assisted, Effective, Efficient) assessment tool. Twelve participants (raters) from a single Gold Level AUSTSWIM recognised swim centre completed the assessment across three sessions and inter- (weighted kappa) and intra-rater (Chi squares) reliability was calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was limited/poor inter and intra rater reliability for both assessment methods and this increased across sessions for three of the five chosen skills (crouch dive, sidestroke and compact jump). RAEE assessment tool demonstrated lower inter- and intra-rater reliability (poor to fair) when compared to use of the C/NYC assessment method (fair to moderate) across five water safety skills.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Regardless of the assessment approach taken, both inter and intra – rater reliability was limited when assessing water safety skills. A lack of consensus was found relating to proficiency in performance and raters lacked a clear understanding of the complexities involved in assessment, including an established foundation of what proficient motor skills performance looks like.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analysis of people with disabilities in Australia by age, sex, disability type and severity – Implications for leveraging the 2032 Paralympic games to increase physical activity participation","authors":"Sean Tweedy ,&nbsp;Kathryn Fortnum ,&nbsp;George Thomas ,&nbsp;Damien Cole ,&nbsp;Bridget Demetriou ,&nbsp;Iain Dutia ,&nbsp;Jessica Hill ,&nbsp;John Cairney ,&nbsp;Emma Beckman","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Australia’s bid for the 2032 Paralympic Games included a commitment to increasing sport participation among people with disabilities by 500,000. Realising this legacy will require an accurate understanding of the composition of the Australian disability population – age, sex, disability type and disability severity – as well as current Para sport participation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><div>Collation and synthesis of publicly available data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and Para sport master lists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 4.37M Australians with disability, 44.5 ​% were aged ≥65 ​yrs. Of those aged &lt;65 ​yrs, the maximum population that could be eligible for Para sport comprise 529,800 with intellectual disability, 85,900 with sight loss, and 802,000 with physical disability. Many high-prevalence disability types are not eligible for Para sport (e.g., hearing loss ​= ​1.07M; psychosocial disability ​= ​1.14M) and sport may not be appropriate for other types (e.g., chronic pain/discomfort ​= ​1.46M). Compared with others with disability, those with severe/profound disabilities are least active (17.4 ​% meet physical activity guidelines) and underrepresented in sport (3.2 ​% of Para athletes with physical impairment have high support needs).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increasing participation in any form of physical activity – including Para sports and other sports – by 500,000 would be a more achievable and inclusive legacy goal than increasing sports participation alone. Such an approach would cater for high-prevalence disability groups for whom commencement of competitive sport may not be suitable (e.g., &gt;65 ​yrs, chronic pain). To permit safe, effective engagement in sport/physical activity for individuals with severe impairments and high support needs, investment in development and implementation of specialised, evidence-based programs is required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144595423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a prospective interdisciplinary assessment of return to play in male professional rugby union following lower-limb injury: A pilot study","authors":"Molly F. McCarthy-Ryan ,&nbsp;Stephen D. Mellalieu ,&nbsp;Holly S.R. Jones ,&nbsp;Adam Bruton ,&nbsp;Isabel S. Moore","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The return-to-play process is multifactorial, requiring input from multiple disciplines for rehabilitation. This pilot study used a prospective interdisciplinary approach to assess male professional Rugby Union players' (n ​= ​7) rehabilitation following a non-contact lower-limb injury. Kinetic and self-efficacy assessments were conducted across three rehabilitation phases (acute, middle, late). Biomechanical changes (p ​&lt; ​0.05) were observed across all phases; alongside self-efficacy increases. Moderate-to-strong positive relationships (r ​= ​0.77–0.80) were found between kinetic and self-efficacy changes. Practitioners should incorporate both measures throughout rehabilitation, as each offers distinct insights into recovery despite their high correlation. An interdisciplinary approach ensures a comprehensive assessment, enhancing players’ rehabilitation outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and psychological responses to coaching: An exploratory case report from professional Australian rules football","authors":"Mark L. Watsford ,&nbsp;Adam T. Trama ,&nbsp;Yael J. Grasko ,&nbsp;Suzie E. Rhydderch ,&nbsp;Milo-Arne L. Wilkinson ,&nbsp;Simon P. Eggleton ,&nbsp;Tom M. Cross","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coaching professional sport is stressful, yet there is little information detailing the physiological and psychological responses of coaches during match-play. This case report examined physiological and psychological alterations when coaching professional Australian Rules football. One experienced head coach was monitored for heart rate, stress-related hormones and psychological stress before, during and after seven matches. Heart rate fluctuated during match-play, with locomotion during match breaks contributing to elevated values. Stress hormones did not change, while the psychological questionnaire revealed differences in perceptions of accomplishment, success, recovery and stress related to match outcome. This case report indicated substantial elevations in heart rate while coaching professional football and furthermore, differences in psychological outcomes from winning or losing suggests the need to develop contextualised recovery and coping strategies. With coaching eliciting alterations to physical and psychological markers in this case, confirmatory research with larger cohorts should examine cardiovascular health and well-being strategies in coaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) version 16: Updated female athlete codes and Italian and Spanish translations","authors":"John W. Orchard ,&nbsp;Isabel S. Moore ,&nbsp;Federico Genovesi ,&nbsp;Molly McCarthy-Ryan ,&nbsp;Daniel Martinez ,&nbsp;Ebonie Rio ,&nbsp;Kay Crossley ,&nbsp;Jessica J. Orchard ,&nbsp;Ben Clarsen ,&nbsp;Margo Mountjoy","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) requires regular update to; stay relevant to changes required for optimal code recording; to add additional language translations as they become available and add female-specific codes to reflect contemporary clinical diagnosis and the increase in women's sport participation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Codes were added to the existing version 15 after the assembly of an ad hoc panel of co-authors. Being a revision that only added codes without changing any structure, informal methodology, primarily conducted by email discussion amongst the author group, was used to resolve issues. Two authors who were native Italian and Spanish speakers, and fluent in English were used to create the respective language translations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The area of greatest deficiency for OSIICS versions 13–15 was in coding for breast conditions. To fit in with the existing consensus categories, the injury format used was CxBxx with a third character B to signify breast within the chest region. For breast illness/medical disorders, the coding format was MxxBx</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although consideration was given to creating a new, standalone category for breast injuries, due to the formalised alignment between OSIICS and Sports Medicine Diagnostic Coding System it was decided such a change requires the IOC consensus panel to re-convene. Additionally, the medical/illness categories need consideration of whether breast disorders best fit in the endocrine or genitourinary system, or if an expanded medical category is needed for female reproductive medical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary activation of the ankle plantar flexors: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Molly E. Coventry ,&nbsp;Christopher Latella ,&nbsp;Brady Green ,&nbsp;Andrea B. Mosler ,&nbsp;Jayden Peak ,&nbsp;Maria Luciana Perez Armendariz ,&nbsp;Ebonie K. Rio ,&nbsp;Myles C. Murphy","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Voluntary activation is a measure of neural drive, typically measured during maximal contractions, and provides insight into motor function. This systematic review examined voluntary activation assessment of the ankle plantar flexors in healthy and pathological populations, and the association of participant age and positioning (knee and ankle joint angles) with voluntary activation level.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted. Six electronic databases were systematically searched for studies that assessed voluntary activation of the ankle plantar flexors using the interpolated twitch technique or the central activation ratio. Meta-analyses were performed using an inverse variance, random-effects maximal likelihood model of continuous outcomes within SPSS Statistics, and subsequent meta-regression performed for age, knee angle and ankle angle. Methodological quality was assessed using the Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies Checklist from the Joanna Briggs Institute.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 74 studies were included, 5 included participants with pathological conditions (2 Achilles tendinopathy and 3 stroke) and 69 included only healthy participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated plantar flexion voluntary activation levels for healthy populations of 91 %, 90 % for Achilles tendinopathy and 35 % for stroke. Older age was associated with lower voluntary activation (β ​= ​−0.072; p ​= ​0.035) and greater knee flexion angle was associated with higher voluntary activation (β ​= ​−0.033; p ​= ​0.045). No association of voluntary activation and ankle position was demonstrated (β ​= ​−0.070, p ​= ​0.488). Majority of the included studies were judged to have low methodological quality (97 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Voluntary activation was comparable between healthy participants and Achilles tendinopathy, and significantly lower in people following stroke. Age and knee joint position but not ankle joint position was associated with the level of plantar flexor voluntary activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}