JSAMS plus最新文献

{"title":"Time to draw a line: Journal editors must protect scientific independence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do preoperative interventions affect patient satisfaction or expectation fulfilment following total hip arthroplasty? A systematic review","authors":"April-Rose Matt ,&nbsp;Joanne L. Kemp ,&nbsp;Andrea B. Mosler ,&nbsp;Lucy Salmon ,&nbsp;Diogo Almeida Gomes ,&nbsp;Alysha De Livera ,&nbsp;Erica Hateley ,&nbsp;Adam L. Semciw","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Preoperative interventions are routinely implemented for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), but little is known about how they affect patient satisfaction. With THA numbers projected to rapidly increase, the efficacy of perioperative models of care should be explored. This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of preoperative interventions on patient satisfaction following THA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials, CINAHL and Sports Discus were searched from inception to May 2023. Randomised and quasi-experimental trials of interventions before THA that reported outcomes on patient satisfaction or expectation fulfilment were included. Secondary outcomes analysed were pain, function, length of stay (LOS), and postoperative complications. Meta-analysis was performed, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to rate the quality of the body of evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven studies were included. Participants who received preoperative interventions were more satisfied (SMD -0.54 [-0.87, −0.21] p ​= ​0.001), and had better function postoperatively when compared to controls (SMD -1.86, 95%CI, −3.11, to 0.61, p ​= ​0.004). There was no difference between groups in pain outcomes (SMD -0.37, 95 ​% CI -0.86, 0.12, p ​= ​0.14), LOS (SMD -0.37, 95%CI -1.04, to 0.31, p ​= ​0.29), or odds of postoperative complications (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.54, 1.55, p ​= ​0.73). All findings were supported by a very low quality body of evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preoperative intervention was associated with better satisfaction and function in patients following THA when compared with no intervention or usual care. Preoperative intervention was found to have no effect on pain, and no effect on LOS or the odds of postoperative complications when compared with no intervention or usual care. All findings were supported by a body of evidence that was very low quality with unvalidated outcome measures and thus the true effect of the interventions is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect.</div><div>PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42023429861.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury characteristics, mechanisms, and game circumstances in junior community-level Australian football","authors":"Indianna L. Franke ,&nbsp;Andrea B. Mosler ,&nbsp;Brooke E. Patterson ,&nbsp;Kay M. Crossley ,&nbsp;Patrick Clifton ,&nbsp;Steven McPhail ,&nbsp;Mark J. Scholes ,&nbsp;Matthew G. King","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Describe the injury characteristics, game circumstances, and immediate action and management of injuries sustained by boys and girls participating in junior community Australian football.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cohort Study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All community junior Australian football players from one Victorian-based league were eligible to participate if they were injured during a game and presented to the gameday first aid medics. Injured players were subsequently followed up with a phone call to undertake an injury surveillance survey. The injury surveillance survey gathered information relating to the injury characteristics, game circumstances and management undertaken. Additionally, all players who sustained a head impact were asked about the presence or absence of concussion-related symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>439 players sustained an injury in the 2022 season, with 354 (80.6 ​%) participating in the survey. The head was the most frequently reported injured body region (n ​= ​194, 54.8 ​%), with approximately half (n ​= ​101) being a diagnosed or suspected sports-related concussion. The next three most frequently reported body regions were the ankle (n ​= ​29, 8.2 ​%), knee (n ​= ​24, 6.8 ​%), and shoulder (n ​= ​20, 5.6 ​%). Almost all injuries were acute onset (n ​= ​340, 96.0 ​%) and resulted from a contact-based mechanism (94.9 ​%, n ​= ​222 direct contact, n ​= ​114 indirect contact). Tackling was the most frequently reported game circumstance resulting in an injury (n ​= ​160, 45.2 ​%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The head was the most frequently reported injured body region, with approximately one in every two reported head impacts resulting in a diagnosed/suspected sports-related concussion. Injury prevention strategies that promote safety when tackling and being tackled may reduce the frequency of injury, warranting further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery from private and public healthcare services in Australia","authors":"Thomas J. West ,&nbsp;Andrea M. Bruder ,&nbsp;Kay M. Crossley ,&nbsp;Michael A. Girdwood ,&nbsp;Laura K. To ,&nbsp;Jamon L. Couch ,&nbsp;Mark J. Scholes ,&nbsp;Sebastian C.S. Evans ,&nbsp;Melissa J. Haberfield ,&nbsp;Christian J. Barton ,&nbsp;Ewa M. Roos ,&nbsp;Alysha De Livera ,&nbsp;Adam G. Culvenor","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive surgery (ACLR) between individuals using private and public healthcare.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study of participants, 9–36 months post-ACLR using public or private healthcare services. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association between healthcare service used (private versus public) with self-reported outcomes (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales of pain, symptoms, sport/recreation, knee-related quality of life (QoL); 0–100 scale), adjusting for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 314 participants were included (median age 29 years, 35 ​% female). One hundred and thirty-nine (44 ​%) underwent ACLR using private healthcare. Individuals using private healthcare for ACLR reported better post-ACLR knee-related QoL (mean difference 5.1; 95%CI 0.6 to 9.7) than individuals using public healthcare, when adjusted for available confounders. No other KOOS subscale scores (pain, symptoms, sport/recreation) differed between healthcare groups in our adjusted analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Australian young adults who underwent ACLR using private healthcare (compared to public healthcare) services reported better knee-related QoL post-operatively in this cross-sectional cohort. Sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors contributed little to the differences observed. Future research should consider potential disparities in outcomes between participants using differing healthcare services both clinically and when recruiting participants into research studies evaluating outcomes post-ACLR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological distress is associated with pain and symptom severity in patients with longstanding hip and groin pain: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Anders Pålsson ,&nbsp;Carl Bjerkelund ,&nbsp;Andreas Ivarsson ,&nbsp;Ioannis Kostogiannis ,&nbsp;Eva Ageberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The primary aim was to assess psychological distress in patients with longstanding hip and groin pain (LHGP) and compare them with healthy controls. The secondary aim was to explore the association between psychological distress and symptom duration, self-reported pain and symptoms in patients with LHGP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-two patients with LHGP and sixty-three controls were included. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was used to assess psychological distress and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) subscale for pain and symptoms to assess hip and groin pain and symptoms. The Mann–Whitney <em>U</em> test was used for between-group comparisons, and the Spearman's rank-order correlation to examine the association between the K10 and HAGOS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no difference in psychological distress between patients with LHGP and controls (p ​= ​0.060) on the K10 total score. More individuals were categorized as having “high or very high” psychological distress in the LHGP group (45 ​%) compared to the control group (26 ​%) (p ​= ​0.035). There was no difference between patients with 3–12 months and &gt;12 months symptom duration for the K10 (p ​= ​0.232). There was a moderate association between more psychological distress and worse self-reported pain (p ​= ​0.003) and symptoms (p ​&lt; ​0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this exploratory study, no difference was observed between patients and controls on the K10 total score; however, more patients with LHGP were categorized as having high or very high levels of psychological distress compared to controls. Among patients, symptom duration did not influence psychological distress, but a moderate association was found between more distress, greater pain, and more severe symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It takes a ‘spark’. Exploring parent perception of long-term sports participation after a practitioner-led, peer-group sports intervention for ambulant, school-aged children with cerebral palsy","authors":"Georgina Clutterbuck ,&nbsp;Mikaila Gent ,&nbsp;Daniel Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Participation in sport improves health and wellbeing, however children with disabilities participate in less physical activity than their peers. Interventions provided by health professionals in real-world sports contexts (i.e., in groups at sports facilities) have been shown to be effective in the short-term, however, long-term effects have not been investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To explore parents’ perceptions of long-term sports participation after a practitioner-led, peer-group sports intervention (Sports Stars) for ambulant, school-aged children with cerebral palsy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Parents of children who attended Sports Stars two to three years earlier participated in interviews exploring intervention experience and ongoing sports participation. Children's pre-intervention sports activity and participation goals were reassessed with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen parents participated. All reported that Sports Stars was an effective intervention, with children's increased confidence reported as the most beneficial outcome. Since attending Sports Stars, children participated in a variety of sports, the most common being swimming and soccer. Most parents reported environmental factors as a barrier to ongoing sports participation.</div><div>Statistically significant improvements in children's relevant sports-focussed activity and participation goals were demonstrated compared to pre-Sports Stars (COPM activity performance mean improvement (MI) ​= ​3.94, p ​= ​0.004, participation performance MI ​= ​4.88, p ​&lt; ​0.001). When compared to post-Sports Stars, children maintained, or further improved, ratings of performance and satisfaction at 2–3 years follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Parents of ambulant children who participated in a short term, practitioner-led, peer-group sports intervention perceived that Sports Stars was the catalyst for subsequent changes to their children's long-term sports participation.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ACTRN12617000313336.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rock, paper, scissors: Resolving the conflicting results of randomized trials involving corticosteroid, platelet rich plasma (PRP) and placebo injections","authors":"John W. Orchard","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore whether there is evidence of a rock-paper-scissors phenomenon in injections for various musculoskeletal conditions whereby platelet rich plasma (PRP) injections outperform corticosteroid injections (CSI) in randomized trials, corticosteroid outperforms placebo whereas PRP does not outperform placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Narrative review searching for examples of musculoskeletal conditions which have high level evidence of this proposed rock-paper-scissors phenomenon.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High quality studies or reviews could be found for lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), knee osteoarthritis, rotator cuff tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis suggestive of a rock-paper-scissors phenomenon. This was consistently in the direction of PRP injections having superior results to corticosteroid injections, corticosteroid injections having superior results to placebo, but then evidence that PRP injections were not superior to placebo. The most consistent result of the triumvirate was that PRP injections consistently outperformed corticosteroid injections in the medium-term (4 to 12 months).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>There appears to be somewhat of a rock-paper-scissors phenomenon for four common musculoskeletal conditions, with the significant limitation that this was a finding of a narrative review, limited by a non-systematic search protocol. The underlying explanation is that PRP is superior to corticosteroid in the medium-term (but not the short-term), corticosteroid is superior to placebo in the short-term (only) with PRP not being superior to placebo in either short- or medium-term in well-blinded trials. The most likely explanation for this phenomenon is that corticosteroid injections are helpful for musculoskeletal conditions in the short term (≤8 weeks) but are actually harmful in the medium-term (3 months and beyond). Systematic reviews which further explore this phenomenon are justified to help provide practical evidence-based advice on when to, if ever, use PRP and corticosteroid injections for musculoskeletal conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring different interventions for Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs): A systematic review","authors":"Rosie Rudin ,&nbsp;Louisa Harris ,&nbsp;Hollie White,&nbsp;Lucy Hammond","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives and design</h3><div>Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) is caused by an imbalance in energy intake and expenditure through exercise, which leads to low energy availability. Although awareness of REDs is improving, a synthesis into the available literature to determine the efficacy of different interventions in athletes with REDs is needed. Subsequently, this may inform clinicians and athletes of the most appropriate interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched using keywords and their combinations. Two independent reviewers screened the retrieved studies by title, abstract and full text. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool was used to assess risk of bias. Data were extracted into an excel spreadsheet and a narrative synthesis performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The search retrieved 982 papers, and after screening, 11 were eligible for inclusion, including increase in energy intake (n ​= ​3), increase in energy intake and decrease in energy expenditure (n ​= ​1), dietary approaches (n ​= ​1), education and counselling (n ​= ​5) and hormonal intervention (n ​= ​1). Increasing energy intake enabled return of menses, yet did not significantly increase bone mineral density. Dietary approaches significantly improved body image, tension, vigour and depression. Nutrition education improved bone health, energy availability, and eating behaviours in athletes, while hormonal interventions had limited effects on bone mineral density.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Increasing energy intake is essential in the management of REDs and may be more effective when used alongside education and hormonal treatment. Future research is needed to allow better analysis of the efficacy of interventions due to the limited research available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injuries in German national short-track speed skating athletes","authors":"Jan Ziegler ,&nbsp;Heidrun Beck ,&nbsp;Roland L. Bell ,&nbsp;Dominik Matzner ,&nbsp;Xinggui Tian ,&nbsp;Stefan Zwingenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Short-Track Speed Skating</em> (STSS) is a high-intensity ice sport characterized by fast-paced races and proximity among athletes, which inherently poses a risk for falls and injuries. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of orthopedic-traumatological injuries in German national STSS athletes with comparisons to previous studies.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Medical records of 69 athletes (30 females, 39 males) who were part of the German national team between 2009 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively based on a new standardized injury surveillance system published by the International Olympic Committee in 2020<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average career duration of athletes on the German STSS national team was 10.9 ​± ​4.4 years, with each athlete accumulating 10,116 ​± ​4326 ​h of exposure to risk during training. A total of 371 orthopedic-traumatological injuries requiring medical consultation (IRMCs) were recorded, with an estimated incidence of 0.53 per 1000 ​h of exposure. 69.8 ​% of the observed injuries affected the lower extremities, primarily involving the knee and ankle. Joint injuries were the leading cause of IRMCs, accounting for 16.3 ​% of cases. The majority of IRMCs occurred during on-ice training (45.0 ​%), followed by off-ice training (30.0 ​%), and competitions (25.0 ​%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This was the first implementation based on a standardized injury surveillance system in STSS. Important information about career-related injuries and injury patterns resulted from the analyses. However, further prospective research is needed to support the prevention of health issues in STSS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining concussions in adult male, senior-grade semi-elite rugby league in Australia: A retrospective observational video review case series","authors":"Martin A. Lang ,&nbsp;Grant L. Iverson ,&nbsp;Suzi Edwards ,&nbsp;Ben Jones ,&nbsp;Douglas P. Terry ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Gardner","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2024.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The risk of concussion at the elite level of rugby league has been extensively evaluated. However, there has been very little concussion research conducted at the semi-elite level.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine cases of medically diagnosed concussion from a single season of adult men's semi-elite rugby league.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review of the 2019 Queensland Cup season head injury assessment surveillance program was completed. All Head Injury Assessment (HIA) cases, including cases of medically diagnosed concussion were retrospectively video reviewed and game play characteristic variables along with video signs of concussion were coded. This data was combined with the return to play data to form the research database.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 132 players removed for HIAs in 170 games. There were 36 players medically diagnosed with concussions, which equates to an incidence rate was 6.11 concussions per 1000 player match hours, or one concussion every 4.7 matches. All concussions occurred in a tackle event, where the player was struck in the head/face. Possible balance disturbance was the most commonly observed video sign (97.2 ​%; 35/36), with slow to stand also commonly observed in concussed players (91.7 ​%; 33/36). Most concussed players (63.9 ​%; 23/36) did not miss a game following the concussion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is one of the first studies to review video footage of concussions in sub-elite rugby league. These findings build on the growing body of video analysis research in rugby league and suggest that the retrospective review of the video of incidents may offer insights into modifiable risk factors that may help reduce concussion in rugby league.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}