JSAMS plus最新文献

{"title":"Effects of isometric vs. dynamic resistance training on muscle performance and body composition: Protocol for a pilot study","authors":"Morteza Ghayomzadeh ,&nbsp;Alex Natera ,&nbsp;Angelo Sabag ,&nbsp;Brock Cooper ,&nbsp;Glen M. Davis ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Hackett","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Isometric resistance training (ISO-RT) has gained renewed attention for its potential to elicit muscular adaptations and enhance athletic performance. Unlike dynamic resistance training (DYN-RT), ISO-RT involves no joint movement or eccentric loading, making it particularly suitable for individuals with joint pathologies or those undergoing rehabilitation. Despite increasing interest, the comparative effectiveness of ISO-RT versus DYN-RT across various outcomes, including strength, hypertrophy, endurance, and recovery, remains inadequately explored.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate and compare the effects of multi-angle ISO-RT and traditional DYN-RT on muscle performance, body composition, and recovery-related indicators in healthy adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this pilot randomised controlled trial, 20 healthy adults (≥18 years) will be randomly assigned to either the ISO-RT or DYN-RT group (n ​= ​10 per group). Both groups will complete a full-body resistance training program twice weekly for six weeks. The key distinction lies in the execution of the chest press and leg press exercises—performed isometrically in the ISO-RT group and dynamically in the DYN-RT group. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Analysis</h3><div>Primary outcomes include dynamic and isometric strength. Secondary outcomes encompass muscular power, dynamic and isometric endurance, body composition (via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), muscle oxygenation (via near-infrared spectroscopy), and subjective recovery indicators such as sleep quality and delayed onset muscle soreness. Between-group comparisons will be conducted using appropriate inferential statistical tests to determine effect estimates and feasibility metrics.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion/implications</h3><div>This trial will offer preliminary insights into the physiological and perceptual adaptations elicited by ISO-RT versus DYN-RT. The findings will inform the design of larger-scale trials and contribute to developing tailored, evidence-based resistance training guidelines for both clinical and athletic populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-guided intra-muscular botulinum toxin A in athletes with chronic adductor-related groin-pain: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Julien Orhan ,&nbsp;Romain Garofoli ,&nbsp;Émilie Alperin ,&nbsp;Fabien Ladauge ,&nbsp;Jennifer Zauderer ,&nbsp;Guillaume Paris ,&nbsp;François Rannou ,&nbsp;Christelle Nguyen ,&nbsp;Marie-Martine Lefèvre-Colau","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Chronic adductor-related groin pain (AP) is a frequent and disabling sport condition. Intra-muscular injection of botulinum toxin A may have positive effects on pain in some chronic tendinitis. We aimed to describe the short-term evolution of pain, activity limitations and quality of life, after an injection of the <em>adductor longus</em> with botulinum toxin A, as an add-on therapy to standard of care in patients with chronic AP.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective observational single-centered study. We included individuals with clinical and MRI chronic AP, for whom medical and/or surgical treatments have failed and who were treated with an intra-muscular injection of botulinum toxin A (100 units of botulinum toxin A in the <em>adductor longus</em>) under ultrasound guidance. Participants were assessed 50 days after injection for pain using a numerical rating scale (NRS) and for activity limitations and quality of life using the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS). Participants were also asked to self-report adverse events.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 20 participants. Mean age was 34.3 (11.7) years and mean symptom duration was 48.9 (61.6) months. Mean pain decreased from 55.3 (SD [22.4] before injection to 38.3 [21.7], 50 days after injection (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.027). Each of the 6 HAGOS subscales improved before and after injection. No serious adverse events were self-reported by the patients included in the main analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this retrospective uncontrolled trial, we observed a numerical decrease in pain intensity in individuals with chronic AP 50 days after intra-muscular botulinum toxin A injection in the <em>adductor longus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The player salary costs of match-loss injury and illness at an Australian Football League Club: A six-season retrospective cohort study","authors":"Matthew R. Turnbull ,&nbsp;Tania F. Gallo ,&nbsp;Hannah E. Carter ,&nbsp;Michael Drew ,&nbsp;Liam A. Toohey ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Mara ,&nbsp;Gordon Waddington","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objective of this study was to quantify the salary costs of match-loss injuries and illnesses at a single professional AFL club.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study involving male professional AFL players across a six-season period (2016–2021). Analysis of player injury and illness data, and corresponding salary data, was performed with costs calculated using the human capital method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 95 individual players across the six-seasons, with 79 unique diagnoses, 267 match-loss injuries or illnesses and 1130 matches missed. The total salary cost of match-loss injury and illness was AU$13.0 million across the period. Hamstring biceps femoris grade 1–2 strains had the highest proportion of these costs according to diagnosis (AU$1.3 million, 30 incidences, 10.0 ​% of total salary costs), followed by soleus strains (AU$1.1 million, 20 incidences, 8.7 ​%) and concussions (AU$1.1 million, 25 incidences, 8.4 ​%). Of the most frequent injuries, hamstring semimembranosus strains had the highest mean (SD) cost per injury occurrence at AU$139,988 (126,023), followed by knee anterior cruciate ligament injuries at AU$99,264 (105,086). Injury or illness costs as a proportion of the total salary spend across six seasons was 17 ​% (range 10 ​%–22 ​%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Match-loss injuries and illnesses incur a considerable financial cost relative to the player salary expenditure. This study may provide a costing model for sports businesses to utilise as an approach to inform resource allocation decisions, particularly in relation to injury management and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of sample representativeness and homogeneity in exercise trials using group designs for people with cerebral palsy","authors":"S.M. Tweedy ,&nbsp;I.M. Dutia ,&nbsp;L. Caughey ,&nbsp;B. Demetriou ,&nbsp;E.M. Beckman ,&nbsp;J. Cairney","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence quality from exercise trials which use group designs is partly dependent on whether study samples represent the population and acceptable sample homogeneity is achieved. This study aimed to review studies evaluating exercise training for people with cerebral palsy (CP) and appraise to what extent i) participants were representative of people with CP; and ii) internal validity was threatened by sample heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search of 5 major databases was conducted to identify exercise trials which use group designs for people with CP. Participant characteristics were extracted and used to divide participants into sub-populations. Indicative Participant Prevalence Ratio (iPPR) was calculated to assess representativeness. Sample homogeneity was appraised for each study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-one studies evaluating 836 participants were appraised. Adults comprise 60 ​% of the CP population but were grossly underrepresented (iPPR&lt;0.4). Older adults, people with dyskinetic and ataxic CP and wheelchair users were also grossly underrepresented. The number of studies that accounted for key prognostic variables was: age - 26 studies (51 ​%); sex - 0 studies (0 ​%); neurological subtype - 21 studies (41 ​%); functional effects - 14 studies (27 ​%) and comorbidities - 1 study (2 ​%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adults with CP and people with high support needs are underrepresented, and future research should prioritise this subpopulation. Trials using group designs require researchers to reconcile two competing interests – adequate sample size and sample homogeneity and to date, sample homogeneity has received insufficient priority. This threatens internal validity and, consequently, the overall quality of evidence underpinning clinical exercise prescription is likely to be lower than previously thought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden cardiac death in young First Nations Australians in the Northern Territory, Australia: Potential implications for pre-participation screening","authors":"Sonali Pande ,&nbsp;Viran DeSilva ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Paratz ,&nbsp;Marianne Tiemensma ,&nbsp;Nadarajah Kangaharan","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To present data from coronial records on sudden cardiac death (SCD) cases seen in young, First Nations Australians in the Northern Territory of Australia, estimate its incidence, and propose potential pre-participation screening strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Coronial records of sudden cardiac death cases in First Nations Australians in the Northern Territory under 40 years of age occurring between 2019 and 2023 were reviewed to study the incidence, demographics, medical history, circumstances of death and causes of death with autopsy and toxicology analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 59 SCD cases in First Nations Australians under 40 years of age were recorded in the Northern Territory with an annual incidence of 19.8 cases per 100,000 persons. The mean ​± ​SD of age was 32.8 ​± ​6.14 years. There were 61 ​% male and 2/3 of SCD cases occurred in remote location. Coronary heart disease (n ​= ​36; 61 ​%) was the most common cause of death. In 3 cases, SCD was related to sports or exercise activity. Most common medical co-morbidities were cardiac (38.9 ​%), Diabetes mellitus (35.6 ​%), and rheumatic heart disease (20.3 ​%). Smoking (37.3 ​%) and alcohol abuse (32.2 ​%) were the most common risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SCD is more common and coronary heart disease and rheumatic heart disease are the most common causes in First Nations Australians in the Northern Territory under the age of 40 years. Medical co-morbidities and risk factors are prevalent in this population. There is a need for First Nation Australians specific local guidelines for a comprehensive pre-participation Heart-Health assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new urgency: addressing sudden cardiac death in young First Nations Australians through comprehensive screening","authors":"Jessica J. Orchard,&nbsp;Nathan Luies,&nbsp;Rajesh Puranik,&nbsp;John W. Orchard","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical performance characteristics and activity limitations of touch football players with disabilities: Preliminary study for classification framework development","authors":"Taylor M. Wileman,&nbsp;Daniel A. Hackett,&nbsp;Marnee J. McKay,&nbsp;Ché Fornusek","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>All Abilities Touch Football provides individuals with disabilities the opportunity to participate in organised sport. However, the sport's rapid growth, coupled with the absence of a scientifically validated framework, has presented challenges in accommodating players with varying abilities while maintaining competitive balance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of All Abilities Touch Football players through various physical fitness tests and assess player activity limitations based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four players participated in a battery of physical assessments, including measures of flexibility, balance, coordination, strength, power, speed, change of direction speed, and endurance. Intra-subject reliability was assessed using the coefficient of variation, and physical performance measures were standardised using z-scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated considerable variation in performance, even among players with the same diagnosis. Tasks with increased motor demands such as the vertical jump and modified agility test, often required multiple attempts or assistance to complete (CV: 1.7–8.6 ​%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide the first analysis of the physical performance characteristics of All Abilities Touch Football players, highlighting the broad range of abilities across the player cohort. The findings highlight the need for tailored strategies to enhance participation, while providing considerations for developing a classification framework that could support the growth and development of this sport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Making Moves’: Protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pre-post trial of a co-designed online physical activity program for childhood cancer survivors","authors":"Lauren Ha ,&nbsp;Claire E. Wakefield ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Jacovou ,&nbsp;Karen Johnston ,&nbsp;Donna Drew ,&nbsp;Mark W. Donoghoe ,&nbsp;David Mizrahi ,&nbsp;Richard De Abreu Lourenco ,&nbsp;Richard J. Cohn ,&nbsp;Natalie Taylor ,&nbsp;Christina Signorelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing chronic health conditions, including cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease risk is further exacerbated by low physical activity levels and high levels of sedentary behaviour. Yet many survivors do not meet the physical activity guidelines, and those living in regional and remote areas have limited access to exercise interventions and cancer care programs. Therefore, it is critical that physical activity programs are accessible for childhood cancer survivors, no matter where they live. This protocol describes the development and planned evaluation of ‘Making Moves’, a co-designed online physical activity program for childhood cancer survivors aged 8–21 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and analysis</h3><div>This type I hybrid effectiveness-implementation pre-post trial will simultaneously (i) test the potential effectiveness of Making Moves on survivors' physical activity self-efficacy, and (ii) explore barriers and facilitators to implementation from multiple levels (individual, provider, organisational, and community) to inform future adaptations and implementation strategies. Making Moves includes an 8-week online program offering eight age-appropriate health behaviour educational modules with guided home-based physical activity videos, and up to five tailored telehealth sessions with an Accredited Exercise Physiologist. Assessment of the primary outcome (physical activity self-efficacy, i.e., perceived ability to engage in physical activity) and secondary outcomes (physical activity levels, aerobic fitness, muscular strength, symptoms of depression, readiness to exercise, perceived enjoyment of exercise, health-related quality of life) will occur at baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 9), and follow-up (6 months). To assess the factors affecting the program’s implementation, we will conduct a process evaluation guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research 2.0 to interview survivors and parents, and future potential implementors. To judge the potential implementation success of Making Moves, we will collect implementation data (feasibility, acceptability, costs) for our process evaluation throughout the trial.</div></div><div><h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3><div>Ethical approval was obtained from the Sydney Children’s Hospital Network Human Research Ethics Committee (2023/ETH01614). We will publish our findings in peer-reviewed journals, present findings at relevant medical and scientific conferences, and disseminate research updates via newsletters to stakeholders and community networks.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number</h3><div>ANZCTR12623000188639. Registered 22 Feb 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Don’t go chasing waterfalls: Multiple factor prediction of injuries in a performance context","authors":"Melanie I. Stuckey,&nbsp;Dean Kriellaars","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Injury surveillance informs risk management strategies for athletes and performing artists yet the predictive value of multiple factors is understudied. This study analyzed demographic, sleep, fatigue, body composition, symmetry/proportionality, and psychological data from a cohort of circus arts students to predict injury presence and duration using regression models. Demographics alone significantly predicted injury presence (R² ​= ​0.344) and duration (R² ​= ​0.247). Additional factors explained 1.5–9.0 ​% of variation for injury presence and 0.0–7.8 ​% for duration. These findings inform the development of holistic risk management strategies for performing artists and athletes and cautions against chasing single predictor variables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclusion in and through disability sport? A scoping review using the examples of goalball and wheelchair basketball","authors":"Felix Oldörp ,&nbsp;Christopher Mihajlovic ,&nbsp;Martin Giese","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2025.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inclusion in sport has been empirically investigated and demonstrated the potential for promoting inclusion. Nevertheless, a comprehensive overview of how inclusion is understood and theoretically conceptualized within the context of disability sports research is still lacking. Therefore, a scoping review has been conducted to map the existing literature concerning the conceptions of inclusion in disability sports using goalball and wheelchair basketball as examples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For the scoping review a comprehensive search of five databases was conducted, resulting in the identification of nine articles that were deemed eligible for review. Coding of the data was performed to categorize specific elements, aiming to identify key features and concepts related to inclusion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All reviewed articles recognize sport as an environment in which people of all (dis)abilities can participate. Abilities acquired in and through sport were presented as an important element for inclusion. Inclusion concepts in the articles were based on different concepts. But the concepts were not always clearly defined. In the qualitative studies analyzed, the concepts of inclusion were expanded to include subjective feelings such as equality and belonging based on the statements of the participants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight the need for further research using qualitative methodologies that extend beyond the spatial dimension of inclusion, encompassing other dimensions to provide a more comprehensive understanding of inclusion in (disability) sport. Since discussions about inclusion concepts have been primarily driven by physical education research, future research should also focus on recreational and popular sports to strengthen inclusive sports programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}