Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献

{"title":"The effects of nutrients on the growth and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants, affecting athletic abilities","authors":"Mohammad Miransari,&nbsp;Shirin Adham,&nbsp;Mahdiar Miransari,&nbsp;Amir Arshia Miransari","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although the use of medicinal and aromatic plants (herbs and fruits) has become popular, worldwide, more has yet to be indicated on their applications, due to their significance from economic and health aspects. Medicinal and aromatic plants are used for treating diseases and improving the nutrition and health of people including athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives and methods</h3><div>It is accordingly pertinent to find and use methods, which may improve growth and biochemical properties of medicinal and aromatic plants. The objective was to investigate how macro- and micro-nutrients may effectively enhance the quantity and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants by regulating plant biochemical properties (production of secondary metabolites) and increasing plant growth and quality in different conditions including stress. This may also be of significance for the athletic activities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High number of related research and review articles were consulted, which indicated medicinal and aromatic plants and chemical supplements can be used to promote athletes' health and improve their athletic performance. This investigation also revealed that the production of free radicals during exercise may unfavorably affect athletes' health, however, the use of medicinal and aromatic plants may be a favorite method to diminish such unfavorite effects and enhance athletes' health. The use of soil microbes may also enhance the growth and physiology of medicinal and aromatic plants in different conditions by enhancing plant nutrient uptake and subsequent alleviation of stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the present review the most recent research about the effects of nutrients on the growth and physiological properties of medicinal and aromatic plants and their subsequent effects on the athletes' health have been reviewed and analysed. Planning a suitable nutritional strategy for the athletes using chemical supplements and medicinal and aromatic plants can significantly improve their performance. The review can be beneficial for promoting people's health including athletes in the society, which is also of economic significance as it may decrease the expenses spent for medical treatment in the society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace metals potential human health risks assessment through consuming common food spices in Ado Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria","authors":"J.A. Olusola ,&nbsp;O.B. Akintan ,&nbsp;O. Osanyinlusi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The safety of food, especially among developing countries like Nigeria, is increasingly becoming a genuine call for concern due to food contamination. While culinary spices are often used for their flavour and colouring capabilities, they also contain significant trace minerals that may be harmful to human health.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the concentrations of trace minerals, including Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), and Arsenic (As), in commonly used spices in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. Additionally, it sought to evaluate the potential health risks associated with these concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The research employed an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) to detect trace minerals like iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) present in commonly consumed spices in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. The assessment involved various methods such as Estimation of Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Quotient (THQ), Total Hazard Quotient (TTHQ), and Cancer Risk (CR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated that iron (Fe) levels varied from 0.62 mg/kg in dry onion to 210.40 mg/kg in turmeric, with an average concentration of 45.09±59.83 mg/kg. Chromium (Cr) concentrations ranged from non-detectable (ND) to 0.72 mg/kg, with an average value of 0.1 ± 0.16 mg/kg. All the Cr concentrations were higher than the regulatory limits. The Pb concentration in the spices varied between ND to 0.10 mg/kg with a mean concentration of 0.03±0.03 mg/kg. Scent leaf, bay leaf, dry suya powder, Maggi powder, dry onions, cinnamon, alligator pepper and onion leaf had Pb contents above the permissible level. EDI follows the order: Fe &gt; Cr &gt; Pb &gt; Cd &gt; As. EDI for Cr (0.133 mg/kg) exceeded the reference dose (RfD). All other spices had their THQ for Cr &gt; 1 except for cayenne pepper and dry onions. Scent leaf, curry, bay leaf, thyme, turmeric, black pepper, garlic, Cameroun pepper and alligator pepper had THQ for Pb&gt;1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>All the spices showed TTHQ &gt; 1 except dry onions, with TTHQ &lt;1, an indication of the adverse effects of these spices on consumers in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. Comprehensive research, such as a risk assessment to understand the spice's vulnerabilities, product type, and history, should be given priority.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound healing potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Glycyrrhiza glabra linn root extract: A preclinical study","authors":"Laxman S. Vijapur ,&nbsp;Mallappa Shalavadi ,&nbsp;Anita R. Desai ,&nbsp;Jayadev N. Hiremath ,&nbsp;Avinash S. Gudigennavar ,&nbsp;Somlingesh L. Shidramshettar ,&nbsp;Shreyanka R. Hiremath ,&nbsp;Malleswara Rao Peram ,&nbsp;Bharatesh S. Kittur","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The research emphasizes the eco-friendly and sustainable approach of nanoparticle synthesis, leveraging the medicinal properties inherent in <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> extract, which is known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. By combining the therapeutic potential of the plant extract with the wound-healing capabilities of silver nanoparticles, the study seeks to develop an innovative, biocompatible, and effective treatment for enhanced wound healing process in excision and incision rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> Linn root was extracted with alcohol and utilized in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized, formulated into gel, and evaluated for their potential to heal wound in rat wound model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of the study showed that the detection of ultra-violet visible spectroscopy peaks at 412 nm and 403 nm. The presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols in plant extract caused the capping and bio-reduction of silver, as demonstrated by FTIR. Silver nanoparticles that were biosynthesized were in between 69.7 and 419.1 nm in size. The study's formulation of synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrated significant wound healing potential by promoting wound contraction and accelerating healing after 21 days of study, which was demonstrated by histopathological evaluation and complete epithelialization with regenerated hair follicles and higher collagen tissue.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study found that the biomolecules of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> Linn root alcoholic extract, which are responsible for augmenting the plant extract's capacity to heal wounds, were capped on silver nanoparticles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concentration and health risk assessment of toxic metals in giblets of free-range chickens in Lokoja, Nigeria","authors":"Jude Ehwevwerhere Emurotu ,&nbsp;Tenimu Adogah Abubakar ,&nbsp;Loveth Chukwu ,&nbsp;Queen Ese Umudi ,&nbsp;Victory Imokan Imumorin ,&nbsp;Gloria D. Paul ,&nbsp;Grace Unekwuojo Oboni","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Potentially toxic metals present in food and food products are a threat to humans. To monitor the quality of giblets consumed and to evaluate the risk to the public's health, this study aimed to determine the residual concentrations of heavy metals (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the gizzard, kidney, and liver of free-range chickens.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The mean concentration of metals in the giblets was determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The mean was used to assess the cancer risk, hazard index, total hazard quotient, and estimated daily intake of the metals under investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Metal concentrations ranged from 17.6 - 105.6 (Al), nd to 3.15 (As), nd - 4.38 (Cr), 0.26 - 73.6 (Mn), nd - 7.21(Ni), nd - 6.67 (Pb), and 8.42 - 63.3 (Zn) mg kg⁻¹. The mean concentrations measured exceeded JECFA's Maximum Allowable Concentrations limit except for Al and Cd. Cd was below the detection limit. The estimated daily intake of the toxic metals As, Cr, Ni, and Pb exceeded the threshold limit. The metals' calculated Target Hazard Quotient and Hazard Index values were 〈 1. The percentage contribution of Pb to the HI value was the highest. The HI was 66.9% and 65.4% in adults and children, respectively. The HI sequence through the consumption of giblets in adults is Pb 〉 As &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; Zn &gt; Al &gt; Mn. The corresponding sequence in children is Pb &gt; As &gt; Cr &gt; Mn &gt; Ni, Zn &gt; Al. The carcinogenic risk of As, Cr, Ni, and Pb exceeded the threshold limit, indicating a potential cancer risk through consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Free-range chickens are not selective in picking their food in the environment hence strict regime of proper disposal of waste products containing metals into the environment should be advocated and followed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation studies of potentially toxic elements within the vicinity of major dumpsites in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"Oluwakemi O. Tovide ,&nbsp;John A.O. Oyekunle ,&nbsp;Odunayo T. Ore ,&nbsp;Bukola A. Oyebode ,&nbsp;Elizabeth O. Moseri ,&nbsp;Abolanle S. Adekunle ,&nbsp;Oluwasegun Oluwarotimi ,&nbsp;Aderemi O. Ogunfowokan ,&nbsp;Adebayo O. Eludoyin","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study evaluated the concentrations, speciation, and environmental risks of aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in the major refuse dumpsite soils of Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Soil samples were collected from refuse dumpsite soils in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. The soil samples were digested using HCl and HNO₃ and analysed for total metal concentrations. The soil samples were equally subjected to six-step chemical fractionation protocol for speciation analysis. The metal levels were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings showed a mean distribution pattern of Mn &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Pb &gt; Cd &gt; Al. The speciation analysis indicated that the water-soluble, exchangeable, and carbonate fractions contained more than 80 % of the metals, implying high solubility and bioavailability. The organic and residual fractions had minimal metal forms. Environmental risk assessment indices all pointed to low contamination and ecological risk, with the majority of values being less than 1. The study found that the dumpsite soils presented little environmental concern, even though metal amounts varied throughout sampling points.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings emphasised that when evaluating the possible ecological effects of potentially toxic element contamination in an environment, metal speciation should be taken into account in addition to total metal concentrations so as to have a better overview of the contamination status of the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory analysis of potential toxic elements in Moroccan couscous and health risk evaluation utilizing ICP-OES","authors":"Othmane Hammani ,&nbsp;Najlae El-Otmani ,&nbsp;Omar Ben Lenda ,&nbsp;Hamza El Azhari ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Rfaki ,&nbsp;Naima Lahlouhi ,&nbsp;Youssef Mourad ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz Abdallaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Moroccan diet is reliant on a number of plant-based proteins and calories, which are integral components of couscous and various baked goods. These include durum wheat, barley, whole corn, and rice, which provide essential nutrients in the form of protein and calories. However, these grains are susceptible to the accumulation of trace elements that can have adverse effects on human health. In order to address this concern, our exploratory study assessed the contamination levels in couscous samples available in Morocco in 2023, focusing on lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) due to their severe health impacts even at low concentrations, as noted by the WHO.</div></div><div><h3>Study Area</h3><div>Twenty-four couscous samples procured from diverse markets in Rabat, Sale, and Temara, which are located in the northern part of Morocco.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The samples were subjected to analysis using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) following the complete mineralisation of the samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results for Cd indicated concentrations ranging from 0.0036 to 0.0144 μg g⁻¹ in 13 samples, with the remaining samples exhibiting levels below the detection limit. With regard to Pb, nine samples exhibited contamination levels that ranged from 0.00461 to 0.00868 μg g⁻¹. It is noteworthy that the levels of Cd were below the detection limit in all of the samples that were analysed. The results of our study demonstrated that all 24 samples exhibited Pb and Cd contents that were below the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) as recommended by the European Commission Regulation No 1881/2006.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings provide essential data for the evaluation of the safety and suitability of couscous for human consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clove oil as a neuromodulator in environmental cadmium cognitive impairment on the prefrontal cortex of Wistar rats","authors":"Obinna O. Uchewa,&nbsp;Chinedu B. Egwuagu,&nbsp;Ogugua A. EGWU,&nbsp;Augustine O. Ibegbu","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Trace elements in the environment are neurotoxins and severely affect the nervous system, which can impair cognitive ability.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the neuromodulatory role of clove oil (CLO) in Cd-induced cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-five Wistar rats randomly assigned into five groups of seven were used. Group A received water, group B received 20 mg/kg of Cd, C received 10 mg/kg of CLO, D received 20 mg/kg of CLO, and E received 20 mg/kg of DMSO. All groups except A received 20 mg/kg of Cd before treatment. Sociability Chamber Tests (SCT) and Novel Object Recognition Tests (NORT) were used to test recognition memory as social behavior in rodents. The estimated GST, GPx, GSH, and GOT enzymes were by blood sample.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GSH and GST levels significantly decreased in the untreated but increased in the treated groups at <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05. The discrimination index reduced in the untreated group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) while the reduction continued in groups C and E (0.14±0.09 and 0.27±0.02), and group D increased (0.81±0.02). In the SCT, group B spent significant time in the common chamber, which increased significantly in groups C and D but decreased in E. Microscopically, group A showed normal histoarchitecture and several alterations in group B. In contrast, treated groups showed improvement in cell regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Clove oil alleviates cadmium toxicity by increasing antioxidant activity and improving cognition in rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic iron and iodine in laying hen diet: Performance, egg quality, thyroid hormones, antioxidant status, serum and yolk lipids, and egg iron and iodine contents","authors":"Sima Sarlak ,&nbsp;Sayed Ali Tabeidian ,&nbsp;Majid Toghyani ,&nbsp;Amir Davar Foroozandeh Shahraki ,&nbsp;Mohammad Goli ,&nbsp;Mahmood Habibian","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Eggs can be enriched with iron and iodine through the diet. However, high levels of iron and iodine negatively influence the egg quality and performance of birds. This problem may be overcome by organic forms of minerals.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this study, the effects of ferrous glycine and ethylenediamine dihydroiodide as sources of iron and iodine on hen performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, and iron and iodine contents of eggs were evaluated in a 16-wk dietary experiment. A factorial arrangement including 3 levels (0, 120, 240 mg.kg^-1) of supplemental iron and 3 levels (0, 1.0, and 5.0 mg.kg^-1) of supplemental iodine was utilized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dietary iodine did not affect bird performance. However, egg laying and feed intake decreased, and feed conversion ratio increased in the absence of supplemental iron. Diets without supplemental iron increased abnormal eggs along with decreasing the eggshell quality (weight, thickness, strength, and calcium content) and disturbing the serum and egg yolk lipids. This paralleled the reduction of serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine and disruption of the oxidative status in the serum and eggs. The highest production of abnormal eggs and the lowest eggshell weight and thickness occurred with diet containing no supplemental iron and 0.5 mg.kg^-1 of iodine. The application of iron and iodine resulted in elevated levels of these elements in the eggs, with the increase in iodine content demonstrating a dose-dependent relationship. Moreover, while iron contents were constant between 8 and 16 wk, iodine contents showed increasing trends with 0.5 mg.kg^-1 of iodine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is advisable to enhance the diet with 120 mg.kg^-1 of organic iron and 1 mg.kg^-1 of organic iodine to ensure optimal performance, egg quality, and overall health in laying hens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric evaluation, source apportionment, and health risk analysis of natural spring water in Murree, outer Himalayas","authors":"Mavia Anjum ,&nbsp;Naila Siddique ,&nbsp;Hannan Younis ,&nbsp;Yasir Faiz ,&nbsp;Munib Ahmed Shafique ,&nbsp;Mahnoor ,&nbsp;Ansar Abbas ,&nbsp;Muzzamil Younas","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Contamination of water is a critical threat to human health at a global level. Water pollutants, such as heavy metals, can have adverse effects on the well-being of humans, animals, and the natural ecosystem of a region.</p></div><div><h3>Study Area</h3><p>Murree is the most visited tourist destination in Pakistan. The rural population of Murree uses natural spring water for drinking, household use, and irrigation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study assessed the elemental concentration of water from 20 natural springs in Murree using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Source apportionment and spatial distribution of heavy metals were assessed using statistical approaches such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, principal component analysis, and interpolation. The study assessed the quality of water for drinking and irrigation in Murree's natural spring water using the metal index, sodium absorption ratio, magnesium absorption ratio, percentage sodium, Kelly's ratio, and salinity hazard. The health risks associated with heavy metals were assessed by computing Average daily dose, Hazard quotient, Hazard Index, and Cancer Risk.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean concentration of metals in mgL^-1 varied in the following order: Ca (51.23) &gt; Na (22.3) &gt; Mg (16.26) &gt; Si (6.51) &gt; <em>K</em> (1.59) &gt; Se (1.17) &gt; Sr (0.48) &gt; Ba (0.209) &gt; Al (0.060) &gt; Li (0.015) &gt; Zn (0.005) &gt; Fe (0.0033) &gt; Ni (0.0032) &gt; Cr (0.001). Metal index was calculated for Al (0.3), Ba (0.29), Cr (0.024), Ni (0.14), Fe (0.004), Zn (0.002), Sr (0.07), Mg (0.32), and Ca (0.25), revealing low levels of metal pollution. The geology of the study area was identified as the primary source of heavy metals in the water. The estimated values of health hazards showed that ingestion is the primary exposure pathway, with children having a higher risk. The health hazards posed by the heavy metal contact from the waters of Murree are not alarming. Quality indices show that the irrigation water sourced from the natural springs is of satisfactory quality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study concluded that the spring water of Murree has low concentrations of heavy metals; their concentration is dependent upon the geology of the study area and is good for drinking and irrigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000806/pdfft?md5=c2bd617291a26907c4ee7a9174301f4c&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000806-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution evaluation and health risks assessment of naturally occurring toxic metals in shallow groundwater: A study in southwestern tidal delta of Bangladesh","authors":"Mahir Tajwar ,&nbsp;Mahfuzur Rahman ,&nbsp;Shamiha Shafinaz Shreya ,&nbsp;Nazmus Sakib ,&nbsp;Md. Yousuf Gazi ,&nbsp;Mahmudul Hasan ,&nbsp;Majidul Islam ,&nbsp;Mir Md Tasnim Alam ,&nbsp;Anwar Zahid","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater is the main source of potable water in rural regions of Bangladesh. Still, contamination with potentially harmful metals due to natural processes and anthropogenic activities leads to various health impacts. The focus of this research was to determine the extent of metal contamination in shallow groundwater from three southwestern districts of Bangladesh and the health hazards associated with it. A comprehensive analysis of metal, including metalloid, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), Arsenic (As), Manganese (Mn), and boron (B) was performed on a set of 51 samples. Groundwater samples were analyzed for contamination using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and a UV–VIS Spectrophotometer, with pollution levels assessed via indices like the Metal Evaluation Index, Nemerow Pollution Index, and Contamination Index. Human health risks were evaluated through Chronic Daily Intake, Hazard Quotient, and Hazard Index calculations following USEPA guidelines. The results indicate that arsenic levels exceeded 25 samples and manganese levels exceeded 34 samples in accordance with WHO drinking water standards. Boron (B) concentrations exceeded the threshold in seven samples, whereas Al, Cu, and Cr exceeded limits in only two samples. The metal evaluation index (MEI), Nemerow pollution index (NI), and degree of contamination (C_d) revealed moderate to severe contamination in groundwater and unsuitability for drinking purposes. Out of the 51 analyzed samples, 48 samples exhibited potential non-carcinogenic health risks for adults, while all samples exceeded the hazard index (HI) threshold value (01) for children. Concentrations of As and Mn were identified as the main contributing factors to the higher HI values in both adults and children. However, the concentrations of Cu, Al, Cr, and B in groundwater were not individually found to be as risky. This study provided valuable insights to conduct a future comprehensive investigation of the designated region to delineate safe and hazardous zones for the installation of shallow tubewells. Furthermore, there's a need to enhance public awareness regarding the long-term ramifications of consuming contaminated water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}