Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献

{"title":"Source apportionment, ecological and toxicological risk assessment of trace metals in agricultural soils of Wabane, South West Region, Cameroon","authors":"Guedjeo Christian Suh ,&nbsp;Ngambu Aloysius Afahnwie ,&nbsp;Anicet Feudjio Tiabou ,&nbsp;Kouankap Nono Gus Djibril ,&nbsp;Adze Rene Meniemoh ,&nbsp;Lemnyuy Prosper Yiika","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study seeks to evaluate the origins, ecological implications, and ecotoxicological risks of trace metals using single and cumulative pollution indicators as well as mitigation strategies in the agricultural soils of Wabane, Cameroon.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The soil samples were analyzed by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry).</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>The agricultural soil samples exhibit high levels of Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃, which have high adsorption capacity for trace metals and are important carriers of trace metal migration and enrichment. The results highlight significant concentrations of Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Hg, Mn, La, Sn and Zn above the geochemical threshold values, sourced from mixed provenance. Contamination assessment indicators: contamination factor (CF: 1–6), pollution load index (PLI: 0.02–1.23), and enrichment factor (EF: 0.21–604.80) suggest soil contamination and metallic pollution. The potential ecological risk indicators show minimal ecological effect of trace metals on the soil ecosystem. Toxic risk index (TRI: 0.36–7.60) and toxicity unit analysis (TUs: 0.004 to 0.96) indicates low toxicity, suggesting low toxicological effects of trace metals on the soil ecosystem. According to Pearson correlation matrix and principal component analysis, while Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and V were obtained from geogenic provenance, As, Cd, Pb, Hg and Mn originate from geogenic as well as anthropogenic input sources.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lithogenic processes and anthropogenic practices contribute to contamination and metallic pollution of the soil ecosystem.</div></div><div><h3>Recommendations</h3><div>Concrete monitoring and mitigation measures (low metal cultivars, biochar, etc.) must be taken to reduce trace metal accumulation from point and non-point sources entering agricultural soils. This research acts as a baseline study to potential soil contamination and metal toxicity in soils within the vicinity of Mount Bamboutos.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and health risk analysis of potential toxic elements in select foods vended within a university campus in southeastern Nigeria","authors":"Amara Miracle Olaleye ,&nbsp;Stanley Ugochukwu Nwoke ,&nbsp;Dozie John Okongwu ,&nbsp;Nancy Amaraegbulam ,&nbsp;Chukwuemeka Cornelius Ezeh ,&nbsp;Ifeanyi Adolphus Ucheana","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bambara nut pudding (BNP) and cowpea bean cake (BC) are popular street-vended foods on Nigerian University campuses. Current study seeks to investigate the concentrations and associated health risks of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) in BNP and BC consumed within a university campus in southeastern Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The potentially toxic elements (PTE) in the food samples were quantified using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), while health risks were assessed using carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk models. Calibration curves for the elements were plotted using 1, 2, and 3 mg L^–1. Method validation included recovery analysis, with instrument sensitivity assessed through limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean PTE concentrations (mg kg⁻¹) in BNP were Cd (0.13–2.94), Cr (4.33–51.09), Ni (0.35–2.15), and Pb (5.27–307.62), while BC levels ranged as Cd (ND–2.54), Cr (14.51–36.20), Ni (ND–2.41), and Pb (3.36–6.49). Both foods' Cd, Cr, and Pb levels exceeded WHO thresholds. A significant difference was recorded between Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations in both foods (p&lt;0.05). Non-carcinogenic risk (THQ/THI &gt;1) was detected in 64 % of BNP and 36 % of BC samples, indicating elevated exposure hazards. Carcinogenic risks were identified for Cr, Ni, and Cd, with cancer risk values surpassing tolerable limits (1 × 10⁻⁶).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identifies significant contamination of BNP and BC by PTEs, particularly Pb and Cr, linked to vendor practices and environmental sources. It underscores urgent regulatory measures to mitigate health risks, adoption of HACCP protocols, and advocates continuous monitoring of street-vended foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amaranthus: A nutritious solution to malnutrition for underprivileged populations in Pakistan","authors":"Tanveer Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mirza Abrar ,&nbsp;Syeda Anum Masood Bokhari ,&nbsp;Shahid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Abid Mahmood Alvi ,&nbsp;Qumer Iqbal ,&nbsp;Muhammad Awais Ghani ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar ,&nbsp;Raja Tahir Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malnutrition in Pakistan is cause of concern which is affecting everyone regardless of age and gender. The situation for women and children is even more alarming and prevalence of malnutrition in Pakistan exceeds against other developing countries. The poor and underprivileged populations in Sindh, Balochistan, KPK and South Punjab are severely affected by undernutrition of macro and micronutrients. Despite continuous efforts, malnutrition in certain areas of Pakistan is on surge due to many factors. Poverty, lack of sufficient nutritious food coupled with lack of food diversity are main factors of undernutrition in Pakistan. Amaranth is a climate resilient; drought tolerant plant and it can be produced with minimal number of resources even in poor soils. The adaptability and nutritional value of 25 exotic vegetable amaranth genotypes were investigated using standard analytical approaches in order to evaluate the several possibilities of the plant leaves in underprivileged population of Pakistan. The study discovered that exotic amaranth genotypes produce abundant green matter with optimum moisture contents and number of leaves per plant with good height. The investigation for nutrients disclosed the maximum ash content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and carbohydrate from the leaves as (4.32 g 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ FW), (6.76 g 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ FW), (0.66 g 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ FW), (4.29 g 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ FW) and (18.19 g 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ FW) respectively in different genotypes. The maximum energy yielded in calories was 407.41 (kJ 100<em>g</em>⁻¹ FW). Elemental breakdown was performed in (mg g⁻¹ DW) and it indicated that the leaves contained maximum potassium (15.52 mg g⁻¹ DW), calcium (11.11 mg g⁻¹ DW), Magnesium (9.67 mg g⁻¹ DW), Iron (0.24 mg g⁻¹ DW), Zinc (0.18 mg g⁻¹ DW) and phosphorus (5.85 mg g⁻¹ DW) in different genotypes under investigation. Comparing the nutrients in exotic vegetable amaranth genotypes with recommended dietary allowance (RDA) values, the outcomes expose that the leaves of amaranth contain substantial amount of important nutrients that are crucial in combating malnutrition in underprivileged populations in Pakistan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric assessment, seasonal variation and source apportionment of air pollutants in Islamabad's industrial area","authors":"Mavia Anjum ,&nbsp;Naila Siddique ,&nbsp;Hannan Younis ,&nbsp;Munib Ahmed Shafique ,&nbsp;Sadia Munawar ,&nbsp;Mohsina Zubair ,&nbsp;Huzaifa Younas ,&nbsp;Ansar Abbas ,&nbsp;Yasir Faiz","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Global warming is intensified by atmospheric pollution, with industrial activities significantly contributing to this issue. This study investigates air pollution levels in the industrial area of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, a developing South Asian nation grappling with severe air quality threats.</div></div><div><h3>Study area</h3><div>This study was designed to assess the pollution levels in the air of industrial area of Islamabad, Pakistan</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Fine (size &lt; 2.5µm: PM_2.5) and coarse (size between 2.5 and 10 µm: PM_2.5–10) particulate matter samples were collected on Polycarbonate air filters for three seasons in 2023. The elemental composition of PM was quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average PM_2.5 (40.42 µg m⁻³) and PM_2.5–10 (221 µg m⁻³) concentrations exceeded Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) limits (PM_2.5: 35 µg m⁻³; PM_2.5–10: 150 µg m⁻³, respectively). In PM_2.5, Na showed the highest mean concentration (8670 ng m⁻³), As the lowest (40 ng m⁻³); in PM_2.5–10, Ca was highest (5476 ng m⁻³), Zr lowest (28 ng m⁻³). Seasonal variations revealed for PM_2.5–10 Ca peaked at 7800 ng m⁻³ in autumn, with Mg, Si, Fe, and Al fluctuating significantly, while toxic elements As, Pb, Co and Cr decreased from spring to autumn. In PM_2.5, Ca peaked at 7043 ng m⁻³ and Na remained elevated in spring, with crustal and toxic metals concentration decreasing from spring to autumn. Depositional flux was high for Ca and Ba in PM_2.5–10, and Na, Cr, and Cu in PM_2.5. The Enrichment factor and pollution index indicated higher contamination by Cr, Cu, Pb, S, Zn, Ni, As, Li, Mo, Sn, and Ag. Environmental Protection Agency Positive Matrix Factorization (EPA-PMF) identified steel mills, marble processing, e-waste incineration, Industrial dust, battery processing and vehicular emissions as primary sources. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (NOAA HYSPLIT) confirmed local and transboundary contributions to elevated PM levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study concludes that the air of Islamabad's industrial area has high levels of pollution, dependent upon various sources and mitigation of pollution can be achieved by strict enforcement of regulations and laws.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Product Quality Research Institute elemental impurity interlaboratory study: Results and implications for industry","authors":"James M. Harrington ,&nbsp;Donna S. Seibert ,&nbsp;Glenn Williams ,&nbsp;Thanh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Denise McClenathan ,&nbsp;Stephen W. Erickson","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Pharmaceutical laboratories experienced a paradigm shift in drug product elemental impurity (EI) expectations in International Council on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Guideline Q3D and United States Pharmacopeia (USP) General Chapters &lt;232&gt;/&lt;233&gt;. These guidelines describe a risk-based approach to EI analysis. Few systematic evaluations of interlaboratory performance on EI analysis in pharmaceutics have been conducted following these guidelines. Our goal is to address key technical challenges faced by laboratories during the implementation of these regulations.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>We organized an interlaboratory study using standardized samples and methodology to assess sample preparation and analysis variability. Participants performed microwave-assisted acid preparation of simulated pharmaceutical products and analyzed Class 1 and 2A EI's by inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Several laboratories performed X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) for comparison.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ICP-MS reproducibility was high both within and between laboratories, except for Hg and V. Exhaustive extraction and total digestion were generally comparable, between 87 and 111 % for As, Cd, Co, and Pb. Total digestion exhibited lower variability than exhaustive extraction. Two types of microwave systems produced comparable results for most elements except Hg and Pb. The summation approach was comparable to direct analysis of tablets except for Hg and Cd, but summation demonstrated greater variability. XRF showed good agreement with ICP-MS and low replicate variability within labs.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and Conclusions</h3><div>While the results were generally favorable, they demonstrate that some technical challenges remain to be addressed related to standardizing laboratory practices including interference correction strategies and selection of preparation methods. We discuss implications for method transfer between laboratories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metallic contaminants in foodstuff consumed in Algeria and associated health risks: A systematic review","authors":"Anissa ZERGUI ,&nbsp;Akli Islam CHEBLI ,&nbsp;Mohamed Amine KERDOUN ,&nbsp;Fatiha HAMITRI-GUERFI ,&nbsp;Rahma MAYOUF ,&nbsp;Houaria TOUER ,&nbsp;Bilel CHEFIRAT ,&nbsp;Sofiane BOUDALIA","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>For decades, metallic trace elements contamination in food has posed a significant public health risk, as these metals accumulate in the body, affecting food safety and human health. This review examines the toxicity of trace elements in foodstuffs, focusing on their contamination sources and the associated health risks.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Keywords such as Algeria, Food, Beverages, trace elements, and Metallic Contaminants were used to search related databases.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>A total of 22 original articles were reviewed. Data showed that trace elements were recorded in foodstuffs, which were related to geographic location (proximity to mining, industrial or highway areas), use of pesticides, and techniques in food processing. In adults, Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ) values exceeded 1 for lead in raw cow milk, aluminum in coffee beans and packaged coffee, cadmium and aluminum in coffee capsules, and lead in fruits and vegetables. The Hazard Index (HI) was above 1 for raw cow milk, coffee, and fruits and vegetables. For infants, THQ values also exceeded 1 for raw cow milk, poultry eggs, honey, and food dyes, with elevated HI values for these items as well. These results suggest potential adverse health effects of trace elements exposure from consuming these foodstuffs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is crucial to regularly update data and conduct ongoing monitoring to assess the impact of trace elements in future research. Additionally, continued investigation into the long-term health effects of chronic low-level trace elements exposure will be vital for creating more precise mitigation strategies and regulatory policies to reduce metallic contamination in food.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical and probabilistic modeling of groundwater contamination: A data-driven uncertainty and risk assessment in Barind Tract, Rajshahi, Bangladesh","authors":"Mir Md Tasnim Alam ,&nbsp;Md Opu Sarker ,&nbsp;Mahfuzur Rahman ,&nbsp;Nazmus Sakib ,&nbsp;Mahir Tajwar ,&nbsp;Md Yousuf Gazi ,&nbsp;Shamiha Shafinaz Shreya ,&nbsp;Saika Islam Meim ,&nbsp;Anwar Zahid","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Groundwater contamination by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) poses serious health risks in Bangladesh, yet limited studies have addressed their seasonal and spatial variability. In the Barind Tract, Rajshahi, groundwater is a critical resource for drinking and irrigation, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation of contamination patterns and health implications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 244 groundwater samples (122 per season) were analyzed for As, Al, Cu, Mn, Cr, and B using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and VIS Spectrophotometry. Contamination was assessed using Metal Evaluation Index (MEI), Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI), Contamination Degree (CD), and Poseidon Index (PoS). Statistical analyses included ANOVA, effect size (η², f²), PCA, and HCA. Monte Carlo simulation (10,000 iterations, 95% CI) estimated probabilistic health risks for adults and children.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Boron (1.034 mg L⁻¹) and manganese (0.824 mg L⁻¹) dominated during the wet season, while manganese (0.735 mg L⁻¹) and aluminum (0.605 mg L⁻¹) were highest in the dry season. MEI, NPI, and CD indices indicated significant contamination in Sirajganj, Chapai Nawabganj, and Natore, with Chapai Nawabganj (PoS 9.01) and Natore (PoS 8.223) showing extensive groundwater degradation. Statistical analyses confirmed significant seasonal variations, with aluminum, copper, chromium, and boron showing the most fluctuation due to hydrological and geochemical changes. Health risk assessments identified 64 samples unsafe for children and 32 for adults, with Monte Carlo simulations indicating hazard indices reaching up to 4.68 for children in certain hotspots.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pronounced seasonal variations in groundwater contamination underscore the necessity of targeted, season-specific monitoring and mitigation measures. Tailored interventions are essential to safeguard public health, especially for children who face higher exposure risks. The findings offer critical insights for policy-makers and stakeholders, promoting sustainable groundwater management in the Barind Tract.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the total contents and bioaccessible fractions of inorganic constituents in nutritive flours exposed to consumption in Brazil","authors":"Thaís Luz de Souza ,&nbsp;Leilane Rodrigues Santos ,&nbsp;Caio Silva Assis Felix ,&nbsp;Laura Beatriz Souza e Souza ,&nbsp;Ivana Ferreira Simões ,&nbsp;Crislaine Santos Lima ,&nbsp;Marcele Catarino Souza dos Santos ,&nbsp;Rennan Geovanny Oliveira Araújo ,&nbsp;Aníbal de Freitas Santos Júnior ,&nbsp;Daniele Cristina Muniz Batista Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Inorganic constituents are chemical elements or metal ions essential for human survival, through regulatory mechanisms in various cellular processes. The aim of this study was to determine the total (TT) and bioaccessible (TB) content of inorganic constituents in 20 nutritive flour (NF) samples exposed to consumption in Brazil, using the INFOGEST <em>in vitro</em> digestion method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Approximately 0.250 g of NF sample was digested in a closed digestion block with 2.8 mL of 65 %(m m^-1) HNO₃ + 1.0 mL of 30 %(m m^-1) H₂O₂ + 4.2 mL of deionized water, for 45 min at 200 °C. Concentrations of Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Estimates of the bioaccessible levels of microelements (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) were performed based on the <em>in vitro</em> INFOGEST protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>The range of total microelement contents in the NF (dry weight, in µg g^-1) were: Al (18.00 to 333), Ba (0.98 to 67.10), Cu (1.45 to 75.51), Fe (8.57 to 337), Mn (0.38 to 107), Sr (0.54 to 59.39), and Zn (3.44 to 122). Macroelement contents (dry weight, in µg g^-1) were: Ca (43.12 to 5276), K (71.60 to 11,392), Mg (42.09 to 6519), Na (63.85 to 1668), and P (134 to 19,359). Significant concentrations of Fe, Mg, Mn, P and Zn were found in pumpkin seed flour. Copper levels in grape seed flour was high when compared to the other samples analyzed. Multivariate analysis showed groupings and similarities among the samples. Bioaccessible contents (in %) ranged from Al (0.21 to 10.37), Cu (2.93 to 26.57), Fe (1.39 to 36.46), Mn (0.73 to 107), and Zn (3.71 to 117). In the NF analyzed, Mn and Zn were the elements most available in the gastrointestinal fluids.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The technique of ICP OES proved to be adequate, as it showed good linearity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy for the determination of inorganic constituents in NF samples. Variations in inorganic composition between NF were observed. This study contributes to the expansion of the contribution of NF to the diet of the population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of borehole water quality in Nwadzekudzeku village, Giyani, Limpopo Province, South Africa: Implication for potential human health risks","authors":"Tsakane Patience Maluleke,&nbsp;Sifelani Dube,&nbsp;Emmanuel Daanoba Sunkari,&nbsp;Abayneh Ataro Ambushe","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Due to a lack of potable water supplies in rural areas of South Africa, most rural communities depend on groundwater for subsistence. Concerns have been raised about the quality of Nwadzekudzeku village borehole water.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study investigated physicochemical parameters, anions and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in drinking water to evaluate the borehole water quality from Nwadzekudzeku village. A multi-methods approach involving water quality analysis, geospatial mapping, multivariate statistical analysis, and human health risk analysis were employed in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>The results showed that borehole water had a pH ranging from 6.96 - 7.76, an electrical conductivity (EC) of 132 - 2740 µS.cm⁻¹, total dissolved solids (TDS) of 381 - 1336 mg.<em>L</em>⁻¹, resistivity in the range of 62 - 1030 Ω, salinity from 0.32 - 1.34 ppt and an oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) of 9.20 - 233 mV. Most borehole water samples were found to have all physicochemical parameters above the maximum permissible levels (MPLs) set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and South African National Standards (SANS) except for pH and temperature. Concentrations of anions were determined in the mg.<em>L</em>⁻¹ range with Cl⁻ (44.0 – 853 mg.<em>L</em>⁻¹) and NO₃⁻ (25.0 – 127 mg.<em>L</em>⁻¹) as the only anions above WHO and SANS stipulated limits for drinking water. The results of cations showed that Na is the dominant cation with concentrations ranging from 42.8 – 241 mg.<em>L</em>⁻¹, which exceed the WHO MPL. Based on the cation and anion dominance in the borehole water, the water is predominantly Na-Cl water type. The concentrations of PTEs in water were within the MPLs set by WHO. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the hydrochemical parameters were enriched in the aquifer through ion exchange reaction, dissolution of silicate minerals from the mafic-ultramafic lithologies, and agricultural activities. Children are the hypersensitive population with respect to nitrate toxicity in water as they show cumulative hazard index (HI) values ranging from 0.02 - 6.59 with an average value of 2.49, whereas HI for adults ranged from 0.02 - 4.71 with an average value of 1.78.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This suggests that there is a high non-carcinogenic risk in the Nwadzekudzeku village because of the concentration of nitrate, as indicated by the average cumulative HI for children and adults being higher than the recommended value of 1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of various feed additives on nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, blood metabolite levels, and gut microbiota composition in japanese quail chicks","authors":"Hassan Saleh ,&nbsp;Omid Jangjou ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taher Mirakzehi ,&nbsp;Seyedeh Hamideh Hosseni","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The poultry industry is currently facing significant challenges in maintaining disease control and achieving optimal growth following the removal of growth-promoting antibiotics. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the N Y effects of fumaric acid (FUA), iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), probiotics (Protaxin), and prebiotics (active MOS, mannan oligosaccharide) on nutrient digestibility, digestive enzymes, blood metabolites, antioxidant and immune status, and intestinal microbiota in Japanese quail chicks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 600 hatched Japanese quail (1-week-old) were randomly allocated to six groups, each containing five replicates with 20 birds in each. The birds were fed a diet based on corn and soybeans (negative control, NC) and supplemented with 0.25 g/kg of tetracycline antibiotic (PC), 0.20 g/kg of FUA, 0.4 g/kg of IONPs, 0.1 g/kg of probiotic (PRO), or 0.4 g/kg of prebiotic (MOS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Japanese quail chicks that were fed a diet containing iron oxide nanoparticles and antibiotics exhibited a statistically significant increase (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in body weight gain (BWG) between 1 and 5 weeks of age (5.65 and 5.67 g/d, respectively). Among the experimental groups, those that received diets supplemented with iron oxide nanoparticles, fumaric acid, and antibiotics demonstrated the most favorable feed conversion coefficient during the 1–5-week period. Quails that were fed fumaric acid and probiotics exhibited the highest levels of digestibility for crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF), respectively. Quails that were administered fumaric acid displayed the highest levels of amylase and protease activity compared to the other groups (17.75 and 0.84 U/I, respectively). However, no significant difference in lipase activity was observed among the various dietary supplements. The levels of LDL, TG, MDA, ALT, IgG, and IgM were influenced by the experimental treatments. Quail chicks fed diets containing iron oxide nanoparticles and fumaric acid displayed a higher prevalence of <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Bacillus</em> species. In contrast, quail chicks that received diets containing tetracycline antibiotics exhibited a decreased presence of <em>Clostridium</em> species and <em>E. coli</em> in the ileum, as compared to the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The inclusion of iron oxide nanoparticles and fumaric acid supplementation in the diet of quail chicks has been found to enhance their growth, nutrient digestibility, immune response, antioxidant status, digestive enzymes, and intestinal health. Furthermore, these additives demonstrate potential as alternatives to antibiotics in the diet of in Japanese quail chicks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}