Journal of the West African College of Surgeons最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Pattern and Presentation of Traumatic Dental Injuries in Children in a Tertiary Health Institution.","authors":"Joyceln Odegua Eigbobo, Stanley Chukwunonso Raymond, Chioma Love Nzomiwu, Nkiru Ifeyinwa Okolo, Etaphromare Okonkwo","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_48_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_48_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 pandemic brought adaptive changes in lifestyle with possible impact on the incidence of traumatic dental injuries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the presentation and pattern of traumatic dental injuries in children during the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 pandemic periods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study done using clinical records of children aged 16 years and below who presented at the paediatric dental clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Information such as demographics, aetiology, type of injuries, and dentition type were elicited from the 1284 clinical records from March 2019 to February 2021. Data were analysed and the level of significance was set at <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>One hundred (7.8%) patients presented with traumatic dental injuries (TDIs; 71 [8.5%] and 29 [6.5%] pre-pandemic [March 2019 to February 2020] and pandemic periods [March 2020 to February 2021], respectively) and their mean age was 7.0 (±4.2) years. The male-to-female ratio before and during the pandemic periods was 1.54:1 and 1.42:1, respectively. The commonest aetiology and type of TDI were falls 82 (82%) and injuries to tooth-supporting structures 45 (45%), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in sex (<i>P</i> = 0.86), aetiology (<i>P</i> = 0.31), type of TDI (<i>P</i> = 0.16), and dentition affected (<i>P</i> = 0.97) between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods but the difference in the age groups was significant (<i>P</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of TDIs was higher in the pre-pandemic period. The younger age group had more dental injuries than the older ones at both periods. This may be due to difficulty in enforcing restrictions on young children even during COVID-19 restrictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmic Manifestations of Migraine in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility.","authors":"Eiman Bashir, Lawan Abdu, Mohammed Isyaku, Zahraddeen Garba Habib, Saudat Garba Habib, Musbahu Sani Kurawa, Sadiq Hassan","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_80_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_80_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Migraine is a group of headache syndromes, with a prevalence of 5%-25%. Migraine is a complex recurrent headache disorder, often unilateral, throbbing or pulsating in nature aggravated by physical activity, bright light, and loud noises. Symptoms associated with migraine without aura are nausea, anorexia, and varying degrees of ophthalmic problems ranging from visual aura, ocular symptoms, and ophthalmoplegia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study determined the pattern and ophthalmic manifestations of migraine in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was an observational cross-sectional study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the research ethical committee of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH). A total of 254 patients diagnosed with migraine using international headache society criteria attending neurology clinic in AKTH were interviewed and examined using a structured questionnaire which captured the biodata, pattern of migraine and ocular symptoms associated with migraine. The data obtained were collated and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 254 patients examined, there were 95 (37.4%) males and 159 (62.6%) females, (M:F = 1:2) with mean age of 28.9 ± 9.7 years. Migraine without aura was the commonest type seen in 55.8% of patients. Most patients had unilateral headaches. About 52.8% and 57.5% had headaches that were throbbing in nature. The headache lasted for 72 h in 48.2% and 48 h in 30.3%. It was triggered by physical stress in 49.6% and lack of sleep in 46.5%. The commonest associated symptom was nausea in 44.9%, tinnitus in 39.0%, and vomiting in 29.1%. While the commonest ocular/visual symptom was photophobia in 76% of patients. Most of the patients had family history of migraine (62.8%). Migraine without aura (MWOA) was found to be significantly associated with female gender (<i>P</i> = 0.001; OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.45-4.25). Scotoma, fortifying spectra were significantly associated with migraine with aura (MWA; <i>P</i> = 0.0004; OR = 28.46; 95% CI: 11.53-70.35).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Migraine is one of the most common types of primary headache. There is a female preponderance. Migraine has significant association with visual disturbances and ocular symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermographic Mapping of Arterial Perforators in the Leg.","authors":"Izegaegbe O Obadan, Afieharo I Michael, Ayodele O Iyun, Samuel A Ademola, Olayinka A Olawoye, Rotimi O Aderibigbe, Odunayo M Oluwatosin","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_84_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_84_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative localisation of perforators aids in easy intraoperative dissection. Infrared thermography is a simple, safe, and effective tool with a short learning curve that is useful in identifying perforators. It has been found to have a high concordance rate when compared with computed tomography angiography and is useful in identifying arterial perforators in the leg.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To create a thermographic map of arterial perforators in the leg and to determine the correlation between the number of perforators identified and the length of the leg.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study. The length of the leg was measured and the location of perforators corresponding to the distribution of the anterior tibial, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries was identified using thermography. The mean number of perforators corresponding to the different surfaces of the leg was noted, this was then correlated with the length of the leg using the Pearson correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using thermography, perforators were identified along a line drawn from the medial malleolus to the medial tibia plateau and from the lateral malleolus to the head of the fibula and within 2 cm of these lines. More perforators were found in the middle third of the leg and there was no significant correlation between the number of perforators and the length of the leg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A useful surface marking to aid the identification of perforators in the leg using infrared thermography was found. There was no significant correlation between the length of the leg and the number of perforators.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Use of Reusable Skin Staples and Vertical Mattress Sutures in the Closure of Midline Laparotomy Wounds.","authors":"Stanley N C Anyanwu, Aloysius Odili Okoye, Emmanuel Ahuizechukwu Obiesie, Balantine U Eze, Eric C Ihekwoaba, Alexander M E Nwofor","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_50_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is an increasing tendency to close midline abdominal wounds with staples because of the speed of closure. The aim of this study was to compare the use of skin staples and vertical mattress sutures in the closure of midline abdominal wounds.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients who met inclusion criteria and were booked for laparotomy in our teaching hospital were counseled on the two methods of skin closure using vertical mattress sutures or the use of staples (35 W Surustap, Suru International PVT Ltd, India). Alternating post-laparotomy wounds were closed using skin staples and with a vertical mattress, using nylon 2(0) (3 metric) sutures. The parameters assessed were speed of closure, cost of closure using the different methods, wound infection rate, and short-term cosmetic appearance of wounds. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 (IBM, SPSS, Chicago, Illinois).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty patients met the inclusion criteria and were recruited for the study. The speed of closure of midline laparotomy skin wound was significantly higher in \"the staple group\" than in \"the suture group\" (0.14 vs. 0.034 cm/s), <i>P</i> < 0.05, while the cost of use of staples was significantly more than the cost for closure with sutures (184 vs. 26 Naira/cm), <i>P</i> < 0.05. The mean operative time was significantly less in \"the staple group\" than in \"the suture group\" (128.9 minutes versus 157.6 min), <i>P</i> < 0.05. There was no significant difference in the infection rates and cosmetic appearance between the two groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Midline abdominal wound closure with staples is faster. There was no difference in wound complication rates and scar appearance when compared with skin closures using the vertical mattress technique. Wound closure with staples is, however, more costly.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Jos: Prospects and Perspectives.","authors":"Alexander Femi Ale, Solomon D Peter, Bashiru O Ismaila, Michael A Misauno","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_57_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_57_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now done in a lot more private and public hospital settings presently in low-income countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. Though it is not routinely done in these centres, the percentage of cholecystectomies done laparoscopically has increased over the years. Laparoscopic surgery services were introduced at our hospital in 2011 and this retrospective study reviews our outcomes with the procedure over a 6-year period. A total of 87 cholecystectomies were done in the period under review. Forty-eight (55.2%) were laparoscopic cholecystectomies, 30 (44.8%) were open cholecystectomies, and 9 (10.3%) were mini-laparotomy cholecystectomies. There were 32 (66.7%) women and 16 (33.3%) men who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy giving a male-to-female ratio of 1:2. The mean age of the patients was 41.0 years (SD = 14.3 years). The most common indication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy was calculous cholecystitis. The most common co-morbidity was hypertension in 23 (47.9%) patients, followed by sickle cell anaemia in 10 (20.8%) patients. The operating time ranged from 70 min to 120 min with a mean of 86.6 (SD = 14.5). There were three conversions and two intra-operative complications. Twenty-five patients (52.1%) were discharged within 24 h, 16 (33.3%) within 48 h and the rest (14.6%) were discharged later. The duration of surgery had a significant association with duration of hospital stay. There was 1 mortality in our study. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers unique advantages over open such as decreased length of hospital stay and reduced wound complications. Most of the cholecystectomies in our setting are now performed laparoscopically with a low conversion rate and low incidence of bile duct injuries. Patients with sickle cell disease constitute a significant percentage of patients requiring this procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis, treatment modality and demographic characteristics of urolithiasis patients visiting Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana.","authors":"Evans Ametefe Akpakli, Emmanuel Asante, Matthew Yamoah Kyei, Kenneth Klufio, Bernard Toboh, James Edward Mensah","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_86_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_86_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally urolithiasis is on the rise and gradually becoming a public health concern due to the associated complications. This study reviewed the demographic characteristics, the chemical composition of stones, treatment modality and duration of hospitalisation of urolithiasis patients at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study conducted between March 2019 and April 2022. Data from consecutive patients treated for urolithiasis were used for this study. Data on demographic characteristics, stones chemical composition, urine factors, urolithiasis treatment modality and duration of hospital stay after therapy were collated and analysed using descriptive and inferential approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 75 years with a mean of 45 (±13.4). The predominant age group for stone formation was 30-39 years - 52(26.3%). Urolithiasis was common among patients in the formal employment sector: 81(40.9%). All stones had two or more chemical compositions, with the combination of calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and uric acid being the predominant stone type: 88(57.5%). Ureteroscopy with semi-rigid and Percutaneous nephrolithotomy were the predominant treatment modalities: 105(53.0%) and 74(37.4%), respectively. Escherichia coli was responsible for most urinary tract infections in urolithiasis patients 8(4.0%) and the least duration of hospital stay after the procedure was associated with the use of semi-rigid ureteroscope as the treatment modality with a median duration of 2 days (1-2 days) with <i>P</i> < 0.0001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Urolithiasis was predominant among professionals in the formal sector. All stones were mixed with Calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate, and uric acid combination being the majority. Ureteroscopy with semi-rigid and percutaneous nephrolithotomy were the common treatment modality.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Equinus Deformity after External Fixation for Open Tibia Fractures: A Comparison between Plaster of Paris Backslab and Passive Ankle Physiotherapy.","authors":"Samuel Quarshie Lartey, Henry Holdbrook-Smith, Daniel Tettey Baddoo, Agbeko Ocloo, Senyo Gudugbe","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_87_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_87_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ankle equinus deformity is a common complication of prolonged external fixator use in tibia fractures with an incidence of 15%-16%. It affects gait and may lead to foot, leg, and back problems. Treatment of equinus deformity increases the cost of treatment of open tibia fractures and increases the time spent off work. Several preventive modalities have been suggested in literature with variable success, but no standard protocol exists.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the most appropriate method of preventing equinus deformity of the ankle joint during the management of open tibia fractures with unilateral uniplanar external fixators by comparing plaster of paris (POP) backslab application with passive ankle physiotherapy using strips of car tyre inner tubing.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was a prospective randomised study involving patients with open tibia fractures who were managed with external fixators at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital between April 2020 and February 2021. Patients were randomised into two groups; one group had below knee POP backslab and the other group did passive ankle physiotherapy using a strip of car tyre inner tubing. The passive ankle range of motion was measured at the beginning and after 6 weeks using a goniometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six participants were recruited with 29 in the POP backslab group and 27 in the ankle physiotherapy group. The median age was 35.0 years. Male-to-female ratio was 4.6:1. Motor vehicle crash contributed to over 90% with 42.9% being motorbike riders. Initial and final mean ankle measurements for the POP backslab group were 6.79° and 10.14° for dorsiflexion and 29.93° and 34.52° for plantarflexion, respectively. The ankle physiotherapy group had initial and final dorsiflexion of 7.19° and 12.85° and plantarflexion of 30.44° and 34.52°, respectively. The ankle physiotherapy group had a better range of motion (47.37°) than the POP group (40.66°) with a <i>P</i> value of 0.008. One participant (3.7%) from the ankle physiotherapy group had equinus deformity compared with seven (24%) from the POP backslab group, a difference which gives a <i>P</i> value of 0.029.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Passive ankle physiotherapy with car tyre inner tube is a better and cheaper modality of preventing ankle equinus deformity and maintaining ankle range of motion.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Concomitant Periarticular Infections in Septic Arthritis of Large Joints in Children: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Varun Garg, Vivek Singh, Roop Bhusan Kalia, Anil Regmi, Ramapriya Yasam, Sourabh Kumar Sinha","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_83_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_83_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Septic arthritis associated with adjacent infections, presents a diagnostic challenge as the clinical presentation is similar to that of isolated septic arthritis, additional diagnostic tools are needed to detect these infections. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis of concomitant infection in children with septic arthritis of large joints and its effect on patient outcome and treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Electronic literature research of PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus, was conducted in January 2022 using a combination of MeSH, search terms and keywords. The data extracted included the study details, demographic data, the proportion of patients having a concomitant periarticular infection, clinical presentation, blood parameters and culture findings and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review included seven studies with 499 patients. The mean age was 7.08 ± 2.38 years in the study. There was a male predominance, with 174 being males (62.36%). The most common joint involved was the hip joint (44.47%). 42.48% had concomitant periarticular infections detected by MRI. Osteomyelitis was the most common infection seen in 209 patients (41.84%). The mean duration of antibiotics given and hospital stay was significantly more in periarticular infections (<i>P</i> > 0.05). 32.5% of the patients with septic arthritis underwent a second surgical procedure whereas 61.11% of patients with periarticular infections underwent second procedure in this review (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of MRI to diagnose these complicated infections appears to be beneficial. Multi-centric randomised control trials are needed to investigate the efficacy of MRI and its impact on patient care and outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galeo-Pericranial Flap-A Rich Pedicle Flap for Temporisation of Large Maxillofacial Defect: A Case Report.","authors":"Mukhtar Modibbo Ahmad, Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju Taiwo, Ibrahim Kayode Suleiman, Mujtaba Bala, Braimah Ramat Oyebunmi, Abdulmajeed Sajo","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_78_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_78_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reconstruction of large facial defects is quite a challenging and difficult task. Various surgical options are available, each with its challenges and complications. Galeo-pericranial flap has provided a suitable technique for reconstruction of radical parotidectomy defects with satisfactory outcomes. A 50-year-old farmer with a histologically diagnosed mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the right parotid gland of 15 years duration had radical parotidectomy and reconstruction of the defect with galeo-pericranial flap. The patient was followed up for 2 years, and the flap was completely taken with no donor site morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penile Trauma Burden and Aetiology in the Paediatric and Adult Population: A Scoping Review and Critical Analysis of the Literature.","authors":"Musliu Adetola Tolani, Robyn Webber, Louise Buckley","doi":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_74_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jwas.jwas_74_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Penile trauma is rare. It is associated with the impairment of physiological functions and deterioration in patients' quality of life. Currently, the relevance of age demographics in the occurrence of this debilitating injury has not been well discussed. The objective of this study was to provide a scoping review of penile trauma within the lens of the legal age of maturity. A search of the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted, and then, the identified publications were used to conduct this scoping review focussing on the study aim. The results identified were categorised into five themes. This included publication information (author, year, country, study duration); demographic information (age of presentation, number of patients, relative burden); penile trauma clinical pattern (type, severity, associated injury), risk factors and clinical consequences. While mobile and active young adults were at risk of outdoor trauma, the report on penile trauma in the paediatric population is rare and usually focussed on sexual trauma. Penetrating trauma has been more extensively studied in comparison to blunt penile trauma despite the significance of the latter in the paediatric population. Injury severity classification is not available for most studies limiting their usefulness in the universal comparison of trauma severity and injury prognostication. There is a diversity in the burden and presentation of penile trauma. Available research studies are limited in the paediatric population, mostly focussed on penile fracture in adults and generally devoid of a standardised penile trauma severity description. Additional studies with a specific focus on penile trauma are required to characterise aetiological risks and injury severity across the legal age of maturity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the West African College of Surgeons","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10936890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}