Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine最新文献

{"title":"Differential Mobility Particle Sizers for Nanoparticle Characterization","authors":"Jingjie Zhang, Daren Chen","doi":"10.1115/1.4028040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028040","url":null,"abstract":"Differential mobility particle sizers (DMPSs) are instruments for online sizing gas-borne particles in submicrometer and nanometer diameter ranges. The aerosol charger, the dif- ferential mobility analyzer (DMA), and the particle concentration detector are three essential components in DMPSs. In the past four decades, the design of DMAs has evolved into a variety of modern versions to extend their sizing limits, especially in lower detectable size limits. The DMAs are now capable of classifying or sizing particles in the diameters down to 1.0nm. This article gives a brief overview of state-of-the-art DMAs particularly designed for classifying particles with sizes down to sub-10 nm. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4028040]","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"020801"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Section on Spectroscopy, Scattering, and Imaging Techniques for Nanostructured Materials","authors":"H. Huang, A. Subramanian","doi":"10.1115/1.4028352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028352","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology has seen rapid progress in recent years, with the emergence of advanced capabilities to synthesize and characterize precisely engineered materials that point toward disruptive new performance regimes of relevance for diverse application areas. Understanding how the atomic, electronic, mechanical, and magnetic structures/properties of materials relate to their performance across multiple length-scales is, thus, of growing importance. This special topic titled “Spectroscopy, Scattering, and Imaging Techniques for Nanostructured Materials” focuses on understanding these fundamental processes, which occur within material systems in the atomic or nanoscopic regime, using advanced tools such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), helium ion microscopy (HIM), atomic force microscopy, Raman thermometry, and in situ imaging techniques. This understanding is being leveraged by the scientific community to deliver new knowledge that has the potential to improve the performance of different material systems: lithium-ion battery materials, biological materials, nanostructured materials for energy applications, carbon nanofiber, nanoparticles, nanowires (NW), silicon microcantilevers, etc. The special topic brings together a wide variety of excellent contributions from the scientific community showcasing the depth and breadth in this vibrant topical area within nanotechnology. The collection of papers exemplifies how the current state-of-the-art of imaging and spectroscopic techniques provides new insights into these exciting nano and biological materials with unprecedented resolution. Seven papers were submitted to this special section. Chiu Huang and colleagues at North Carolina State University investigate the origins of voltage fluctuations in high discharging current rate (C-rate) lithium-ion batteries by quantifying lithium-ion intensity and distribution via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Interestingly, it is observed that lithium-ion intensity and distribution are not C-rate dependent, suggesting that different lithium-ion insertion mechanisms might be solely responsible for the observed low-frequency voltage fluctuation at higher C-rates. The paper from Palapati et al. at Virginia Commonwealth University investigates elastic modulus measurements on large diameter NW using a nano-assembled platform. The nanomechanical platform is constructed by assembling single NWs across pairs of gold nano-electrodes using dielectrophoresis and contains a short, suspended segment of the NW (in air) between the assembly electrodes. AFM force spectroscopy measurements are followed. The study demonstrates the measurement technique using lithium iron phosphate NW, which is a cathodic material of interest for battery applications, as a model system and presents a finite element model to extract the Young’s modulus from nanomechanical data. This data is relevant for use w","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"020201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63486684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injection of Propidium Iodide into HeLa Cells Using a Silicon Nanoinjection Lance Array","authors":"Zachary K. Lindstrom, Steven J. Brewer, M. A. Ferguson, S. Burnett, B. Jensen","doi":"10.1115/1.4028603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028603","url":null,"abstract":"Delivering foreign molecules into human cells is a wide and ongoing area of research. Gene therapy, or delivering nucleic acids into cells via nonviral or viral pathways, is an especially promising area for pharmaceutics. All gene therapy methods have their respective advantages and disadvantages, including limited delivery efficiency and low viability. We present an electromechanical method for delivering foreign molecules into human cells. Nanoinjection, or delivering molecules into cells using a solid lance, has proven to be highly efficient while maintaining high viability levels. This paper describes an array of solid silicon microlances that was tested to determine efficiency and viability when nanoinjecting tens of thousands of HeLa cells simultaneously. Propidium iodide (PI), a dye that fluoresces when bound to nucleic acids and does not fluoresce when unbound, was delivered into cells using the lance array. Results show that the lance array delivers PI into up to 78 % of a nanoinjected HeLa cell culture, while maintaining 78–91 % viability. With these results, we submit the nanoinjection method using a silicon lance array as another promising particle delivery method for mammalian culture cells. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4028603]","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"021008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63487086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Imaging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Via the Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry","authors":"C. ChiuHuang, Chuanzhen Zhou, H. Huang","doi":"10.1115/1.4028010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028010","url":null,"abstract":"To develop lithium-ion batteries with a high rate-capability and low cost, the prevention of capacity loss is one of major challenges, which needs to be tackled in the lithium-ion battery industry. During electrochemical processes, lithium ions diffuse from and insert into battery electrodes accompanied with the phase transformation, whereas ionic diffusivity and concentration are keys to the resultant battery capacity. In the current study, we compare voltage versus capacity of lithium-ion batteries at different current-rates (C-rates) discharging. Larger hysteresis and voltage fluctuations are observed in higher C-rate samples. We investigate origins of voltage fluctuations by quantifying lithium-ion intensity and distribution via a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). The result shows that for fully discharged samples, lithium-ion intensity and distribution are not C-rate dependent, suggesting different lithium-ion insertion mechanisms at a higher C-rate discharging might be solely responsible for the observed low frequency voltage fluctuation.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"021002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Kraft Lignins and Lignin-Derived Carbon Nanofibers","authors":"A. Goudarzi, Li-Ting Lin, F. Ko","doi":"10.1115/1.4028300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028300","url":null,"abstract":"Lignin is a renewable material and it is abundantly available as low priced industrial residue. Lignin-based carbon fibers are economically attractive and sustainable. In addition, remarkably oxidized molecule of the lignin decreases the required time and temperature of the thermostabilization process compared to other carbon fiber precursors such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN); and thus, decreases the processing cost of carbon fiber production. The fraction 4 of softwood Kraft lignin (SKL-F4) was previously shown to be spinnable via electrospinning to produce carbon nanofibers. In this paper, we characterized different Kraft lignin powders through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to measure the mean size of the ordered domains in different fractionations of softwood and hardwood samples. According to our results, SKL-F4 has largest ordered domains among SKLs and highest hydroxyl content according to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. In addition, variations in the XRD patterns during carbon nanofiber formation were studied and the peak for (101) plane in graphite was observed in the carbon nanofiber carbonized at 1000 °C.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"021006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63486388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastic Modulus Measurements on Large Diameter Nanowires Using a Nano-Assembled Platform","authors":"N. K. R. Palapati, A. Muth, Yujie Zhu, Chunsheng Wang, A. Subramanian","doi":"10.1115/1.4028045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028045","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents atomic force spectroscopy (AFM) results from large diameter nanowires (NWs), which range in radius from 150 nm to 300 nm, within a nano-assembled platform. The nanomechanical platform is constructed by assembling single NWs across pairs of gold nano-electrodes using dielectrophoresis and contains a short, suspended segment of the NW (in air) between the assembly electrodes. Atomic force microscope (AFM) force spectroscopy measurements are obtained by indenting the NW within this suspended segment and result in deformation of the NW involving a combination of both, bending and nano-indentation modes. This paper demonstrates the measurement technique using lithium iron phosphate NWs as a model system and presents a finite element model to extract the Young's modulus from nanomechanical data. The estimated Young's modulus of this material, which is an electrode material system of interest for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, was found to be diameter dependent and was observed to range in values between 100 MPa and 575 MPa.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"021001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoelectronic Device Applications Handbook","authors":"J. Morris, K. Iniewski","doi":"10.1115/1.4026668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"036501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4026668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63483454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assisting and Opposing Combined Convective Heat Transfer and Nanofluids Flows Over a Vertical Forward Facing Step","authors":"H. Mohammed, O. A. Hussein","doi":"10.1115/1.4028009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"010903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63486108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for Separation of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles From Colloidal Suspension in Dodecane","authors":"M. Sheikh, M. Sharif","doi":"10.1115/1.4027219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"011001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63484223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Zinc Oxide-Based Electrospun Nanofibers for Mechanical Energy Harvesting","authors":"S. Suyitno, A. Purwanto, R. Hidayat, I. Sholahudin, Mirza Yusuf, S. Huda, Z. Arifin","doi":"10.1115/1.4027447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"011002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}