Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine最新文献

{"title":"A Critical Review on Condensation Heat Transfer in Microchannels and Minichannels","authors":"M. Awad, A. S. Dalkılıç, S. Wongwises","doi":"10.1115/1.4028092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028092","url":null,"abstract":"Condensation in microchannels and minichannels is widely used in small devices such as air-cooled condensers for the air-conditioning and automotive industry, in heat pipes, thermosyphons and other applications for system thermal control. Currently, many research centers all over the world are dealing with the structure and operation of compact refrigerating devices. This is in line with the trend of 21st century that is moving towards the use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly technical equipment. In the present study, a critical review on condensation heat transfer in microchannels and minichannels is presented. This review include a wide range of different parameters such as the channel diameter (d), the saturation temperature (T s ), the mass flux (G), the vapor quality (x), different working fluids like steam, CO 2 or R744, FC72, R22, R410A, and R407C, various shapes such as circular and noncircular, different orientations like horizontal and vertical, and systems consist of either single or multiple channels. At the end, recommendations for future studies will be given. As a result, this paper cannot only be used as the starting point for the researcher interested in condensation heat transfer in microchannels and minichannels, but it also includes recommendations for future studies on condensation heat transfer in microchannels and minichannels. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4028092]","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"010904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63486406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Aqueous Nanosuspensions of Clay Minerals on Broilers' Performance and Some Selected Antibody Titers","authors":"Khaled N. El-Shuraydeh, N. Al-Beitawi, Mohammad A. Al-Faqieh","doi":"10.1115/1.4028258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028258","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of using different concentrations of aqueous nanosuspensions of clay minerals (1%, 1.5%, and 2%) offered at different periods of time (one time per one or two weeks) compared with tap-water with and without antibiotics on growth performance and some selected antibody titer was studied. The experiment lasted from 1 to 36 days of age. The statistical findings of the experiment prove that aqueous nanosuspension 1% offered one time per two weeks significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Meanwhile, aqueous nanosuspension 2% offered one time per two weeks significantly gave the same effect on live body weight (LBW) and body weight gain (BWG) as did antibiotics. Concerning the findings that pertain to immunity, antibody titer against the most infectious diseases [Newcastle (ND), infectious bronchitis (IB), and infectious bursal disease (IBD)] were significantly improved by offering aqueous nanosuspension 1.5% offered one time per one and two weeks, and aqueous nanosuspension 1% offered one time per one week, respectively.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"66 1","pages":"011003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63486169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Numerical Model for Ammonia/Water Absorption From a Bubble Expanding at a Submerged Nozzle Into a Binary Nanofluid","authors":"F. Su, Hongbin Ma, Yangbo Deng, N. Zhao","doi":"10.1115/1.4028400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028400","url":null,"abstract":"An absorber is a major component in the absorption refrigeration systems, and its performance remarkably affects the overall system performance. A mathematical model for ammonia absorption from a bubble expanding at a submerged nozzle into a binary nanofluid was developed to analyze the effects of binary nanofluid on ammonia absorption in the forming process of a bubble. The combined effects of nanoparticles on heat transfer, mass transfer, and bubble size all were considered in the model. The concentration of nanoparticles, the radius of the nozzle, and the flow rate of ammonia vapor were considered as the key parameters. The numerical results showed that the enhancement of binary nanofluid for bubble absorption has the analogous tendency with the mass transfer enhancement of binary nanofluid. The diameter of the nozzle and the flow rate of ammonia vapor hardly affect the enhancement of the binary nanofluid for the absorption of bubble growing stage. The current investigation can result in a better understanding of the absorption process occurring in thermally driven absorption refrigeration systems.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"117 1","pages":"010902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4028400","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63486733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Cooling Performance of Automobile Radiator Using Al2O3-Water and Carbon Nanotube-Water Nanofluid","authors":"S. Chougule, S. Sahu","doi":"10.1115/1.4026971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026971","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"010901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4026971","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63484188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle-Assisted Heating Utilizing a Low-Cost White Light Source","authors":"R. Taylor, J. Wong, Sungchul Baek, Yasitha Hewakuruppu, Xuchuan Jiang, Chuyang Chen, Andrey Gunawan","doi":"10.1115/1.4027643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027643","url":null,"abstract":"In this experimental study, a filtered white light is used to induce heating in water-based dispersions of 20 nm diameter gold nanospheres (GNSs)—enabling a low-cost form of plasmonic photothermal heating. The resulting temperature fields were measured using an infrared (IR) camera. The effect of incident radiative flux (ranging from 0.38 to 0.77 W·cm−2) and particle concentration (ranging from 0.25–1.0 × 1013 particles per mL) on the solution's temperature were investigated. The experimental results indicate that surface heat treatments via GNSs can be achieved through complementary tuning of GNS solutions and filtered light.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"040903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Heat Transfer and Thermal Dose Using Magnetic Nanoparticles During HIFU Thermal Ablation—An In-Vitro Study","authors":"Seyed Ahmad Reza Dibaji, Marwan F. Al-Rjoub, M. Myers, R. Banerjee","doi":"10.1115/1.4027340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027340","url":null,"abstract":"Avoiding collateral damage to healthy tissues during the high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of malignant tumors is one of the major challenges for effective thermal therapy. Such collateral damage can originate out of the need for using higher acoustic powers to treat deep seated or highly vascularized tumors. The objective of this study is to assess the utility of using magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) during HIFU procedures to locally enhance heating at low powers, thereby reducing the likelihood of collateral thermal damage and undesired destruction due to cavitation. Tissue phantoms with 0% (control), 1% and 3% mNPs concentrations by volume were fabricated. Each tissue phantom was embedded with four thermocouples (TCs) and sonicated using transducer acoustic powers of 5.15 W, 9.17 W, and 14.26 W. The temperature profiles during the heating and cooling periods were recorded for each embedded TC. The measured transient temperature profiles were used for thermal-dose calculations. The increase in the concentration of mNPs in the tissue phantoms, from 0% to 3%, resulted in the rise in the peak temperatures for all the TCs for each acoustic power. The thermal dose also increased with the rise in the concentration of mNPs in the tissue phantoms. For the highest applied acoustic power (14.26 W), the peak temperature at TC 1 (T1) in tissue phantoms with 1% and 3% mNPs concentrations increased (with respect to tissue phantom with 0% (control) mNPs concentration) by 1.59 and 2.09 , respectively. For an acoustic power of 14.26 W, the time required to achieve cellular necrosis as defined by a 240 equivalent min thermal dose was approximately 75 s in the absence of mNPs, 14 s for the 1% concentration, and 8 s for the 3% concentration. Magnetic nanoparticles have the potential to significantly reduce the time for HIFU thermal-ablation procedures. They can also decrease the likelihood of collateral damage by the propagating beam in HIFU procedures by reducing the intensity required to achieve cellular necrosis. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4027340]","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"040902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscous and Joule Heating in the Stagnation Point Nanofluid Flow Through a Stretching Sheet With Homogenous–Heterogeneous Reactions and Nonlinear Convection","authors":"R. Nandkeolyar, S. Motsa, P. Sibanda","doi":"10.1115/1.4027435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"041002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63484946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Pot Shear Synthesis of Gallium, Indium, and Indium–Bismuth Nanofluids: An Experimental and Computational Study","authors":"Anne K. Starace, Joongoo Kang, Junyi Zhu, J. C. Gomez, G. Glatzmaier","doi":"10.1115/1.4027854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027854","url":null,"abstract":"Nanofluids are often proposed as advanced heat transfer fluids. In this work, using a one-step nanoemulsification method, we synthesize gallium, indium, and indium–bismuth nanofluids in poly-alpha-olefin (PAO). The size distributions of the resulting nanoparticles are analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the alloy nanoparticles indicates that their composition is the same as that of the bulk alloy. It was found that oleylamine stabilizes both gallium and indium particles in PAO, while oleic acid is effective for gallium particles only. The microscopic adsorption mechanism of surfactants on gallium and indium surfaces is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) to understand why oleylamine is effective for both metals while oleic acid is effective for gallium only.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"041004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027854","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial Strength Between Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes and Copper Material: Molecular Dynamics Simulation","authors":"Ibrahim E Awad, L. Ladani","doi":"10.1115/1.4026939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026939","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their promising mechanical and electrical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to be employed in many nano/microelectronic applications e.g., through silicon vias (TSVs), interconnects, transistors, etc. In particular, use of CNT bundles inside annular cylinders of copper (Cu) as TSV is proposed in this study. To evaluate mechanical integrity of CNT-Cu composite material, a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the interface between CNT and Cu is conducted. Different arrangements of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been studied at interface of a Cu slab. Pullout forces have been applied to a SWCNT while Cu is spatially fixed. This study is repeated for several different cases where multiple CNT strands are interfaced with Cu slab. The results show similar behavior of the pull-out-displacement curves. After pull-out force reaches a maximum value, it oscillates around an average force with descending amplitude until the strand/s is/are completely pulled-out. A linear relationship between pull-out forces and the number of CNT strands was observed. Second order interaction effect was found to be negligible when multiple layers of CNTs were studied at the interface of Cu. C–Cu van der Waals (vdW) interaction was found to be much stronger than C–C vdW's interactions. Embedded length has no significance on the average pull-out force. However, the amplitude of oscillations increases as the length of CNTs increases. As expected when one end of CNT strand was fixed, owing to its extraordinary strength, large amount of force was required to pull it out. Finally, an analytical relationship is proposed to determine the interfacial shear strength between Cu and CNT bundle.","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"041001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4026939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63483876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hybrid Atomistic Approach for the Mechanics of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Molecules","authors":"S. Adhikari, E. S. Flores, F. Scarpa, R. Chowdhury, M. Friswell","doi":"10.1115/1.4027690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4027690","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a new modeling approach for the prediction and analysis of the mechanical properties in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules based on a hybrid atomistic-finite element continuum representation. The model takes into account of the complex geometry of the DNA strands, a structural mechanics representation of the atomic bonds existing in the molecules and the mass distribution of the atoms by using a lumped parameter model. A 13-base-pair DNA model is used to illustrate the proposed approach. The properties of the equivalent bond elements used to represent the DNA model have been derived. The natural frequencies, vibration mode shapes, and equivalent continuum mechanical properties of the DNA strand are obtained. The results from our model compare well with a high-fidelity molecular mechanics simulation and existing MD and experimental data from open literature. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4027690]","PeriodicalId":73845,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"041003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1115/1.4027690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63485406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}