Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)最新文献

{"title":"Expression of Ki-67 in Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Aila Bahramian, Paria Motahari, Alireza Hanifenezhad","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.98491.2082","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.98491.2082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>One of the main signs of cancer development is increasing of cell proliferation activity. Expression of the Ki-67 as a cell proliferation marker is extensively utilized in pathology studies as an indicator of proliferation in human tumors. According to studies, Ki-67 plays an effective role in the pathology of malignant and pre-malignant oral mucosa lesions.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The current study aimed to systematically review the Ki-67 expression in oral lichen planus without dysplasia and compare it with oral epithelial dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>In this meta-analysis, all articles in the English language were searched in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar until July 2023. MeSH terms and free keywords were used in the search step. Expression of Ki-67 in oral lichen planus and oral epithelial dysplasia was analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine hundred and two articles related to the searched words were found. According to the selection criteria, 12 retrospective articles were selected. Low quality was not observed in any of the records by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and most of them had a relatively good quality. Totally, 593 patients were examined. The heterogeneity between studies was not significant. The meta-analysis results indicated a significantly lower Ki-67 expression in oral lichen planus without dysplasia in comparison to oral epithelial dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The more intense expression level of Ki-67 in oral epithelial dysplasia compared with oral lichen planus was observed. The ki-67 expression could be utilized to indicate the existence and intensity of epithelial dysplasia and disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"288-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Bilateral Parotid Calcifications in a Patient with Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Maryam Amirchaghmaghi, Mahrokh Imanimoghaddam, Atessa Pakfetrat, Maryam Bozorgi Baee","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.100095.2189","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.100095.2189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the calcifications in the parotid glands of a patient with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). A 52-year-old female patient presented for a routine dental examination who found to have multiple radiopacities in both parotid glands on panoramic radiograph. Further evaluation revealed swelling and tenderness in the parotid glands, decayed teeth, and dryness of the mouth and eyes. Ultrasound examination showed enlarged parotid glands with heterogeneous echogenicity, hypoechoic and cystic foci, and multiple calcifications. Laboratory tests indicated positive findings for rheumatoid factor and anti-SSA/SSB antibodies, consistent with a diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Treatment primarily focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing clinical manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"388-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentition Type as a Determinant of Microbial Load Reduction by Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Deep Dentin Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Zahra Baghani, Malihe Karrabi, Hossein Assarzadeh","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.98616.2098","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.98616.2098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a protocol proposed for reduction of bacterial load in deep dentin caries in primary and permanent dentitions. However, considering the difference in the morphology of dentinal tubules in primary and permanent teeth, the effect of this treatment may be different on the two dentition types.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of type of dentition as a determinant of microbial load reduction by aPDT in deep dentin caries.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>An electronic search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Medline, and Embase databases, from the first record until April 30, 2022. After article screening by three reviewers, seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. The mean log of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>) count, <i>Lactobacillus spp.</i> count, and the entire bacteria in the cavity before and after aPDT was calculated with 95% confidence interval (CI), and compared between the two groups of primary and permanent teeth by the random effect model. The I² test was applied to assess the heterogeneity of the findings. Publication bias was evaluated by visual examination of the funnel-plot symmetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 7 retrieved articles, analysis of 3 studies on permanent teeth showed that aPDT caused a significant reduction in total bacterial count in the cavity [SMD: 0.64, 95% CI:(0.31, 0.96), <i>p</i>= 0.0001), <i>S. mutans</i> count [SMD: 0.92, 95% CI:(0.58, 1.25), <i>p</i>< 0.0001], and <i>Lactobacillus spp.</i> [SMD: 1.1, 95% CI:(0.76, 1.45), <i>p</i>< 0.00001)]. Analysis of the remaining 4 studies on primary teeth indicated that aPDT had a significant effect only on <i>S. mutans</i> count [SMD: 0.60, 95% CI:(0.23, 0.97), <i>p</i>= 0.001), and its effect on total bacterial count of the cavity [SMD: 0. 90, 95% CI:(-0.02, 1.82), <i>p</i>= 0.05] and <i>Lactobacillus spp.</i> [SMD: 0.18, 95% CI:(-0.29, 0.64), <i>p</i>= 0.45)] was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that aPDT could serve as an effective adjunct for reduction of microbial load in permanent teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"296-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cold Plasma on the Penetration Depth of AH26 and Beta Resin Sealers in Dentinal Tubules.","authors":"Bahareh Johari, Solmaz Araghi, Mohammad Vahedi, Seyedeh Saba Sharifzadeh, Arash Azizi","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.98146.2059","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.98146.2059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>The creation of a proper seal of the root canal with canal-filling materials, such as gutta-percha and sealer, is one of the essential factors in the success of root canal treatment. In addition, the penetration depth of the sealer is one of the influential factors in creating a proper seal, which improves the sealing ability of the canal and the burial of microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of cold atmospheric plasma on the depth of tubular penetration of two types of resin sealer: AH26 and Beta RCS sealers.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>In this experimental study, thirty-two premolar teeth with single root and single canal were selected as samples and after cutting their crowns from the apex distance of 15mm, the canals were prepared with rotary files. Samples were divided into four groups of eight, according to the type of sealer and plasma application: AH26 sealer (AH), plasma+AH26 sealer (PAH), Beta RCS sealer (Beta), and plasma+Beta RCS sealer (PBeta). The cold lateral condensation technique was used for the obturation of canals. The maximum penetration depth and the percentage of sealer penetration were obtained from microscopic images at three coronal, middle, and apical sections. Due to the non-normal distribution of data, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis (<i>p</i>< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was observed between the study groups in the penetration percentage and maximum penetration depth of AH and Beta in the presence and absence of plasma. However, in the coronal section, the depth of maximum sealer penetration was significantly higher in the AH group than in the Beta group (<i>p</i>< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of plasma did not affect the maximum penetration depth and penetration percentage of AH26 sealer and Beta RCS sealer.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"309-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic Effects of Pulp Capping Agents on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth.","authors":"Bahareh Nazemi Salman, Ehsan Saburi, Mahtab Mohammadi Gheidari, Mahya Farsadeghi, Samira Basir Shabestari","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.99173.2131","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.99173.2131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>Success of pulpotomy of primary teeth depends on biological and cytotoxic effects of pulp capping agents. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement, and ferric sulfate (FS) are among the commonly used pulp capping agents (PCAs) for pulpotomy, and their successful application has been previously evaluated.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare the cytotoxicity of PCAs against mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs).</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i> study, SHEDs were exposed to MTA, Biodentine, CEM cement, and FS for 24 and 72 hours. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed for five different concentrations of PCAs after 24 and 72 hours of exposure. Data were analyzed by ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Generally, the biocompatibility increased by reduction in concentration. All tested concentrations showed higher biocompatibility at 72 hours compared with 24 hours (<i>p</i>< 0.0001). Comparison of cytotoxicity of different biomaterials revealed no significant difference at any time point (<i>p</i>> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In general, the cytotoxicity of MTA, Biodentine, CEM cement, and FS was comparable, with no significant difference. Cytotoxicity decreased over time and by a reduction in concentration of biomaterials. MTA and Biodentine showed maximum biocompatibility followed by FS, and CEM cement.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"342-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An <i>in vitro</i> Survey on the Effect of Six Commercial Brands of Phosphoric Acid on the Micro-shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Enamel.","authors":"Faeze Jamali Zavare, Mahsa Sheikholeslamian, Saber Kazemi, Amir Ghasemi, Narges Panahandeh, Mina Yazdizadeh, Elham Zanguei","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.97528.2015","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.97528.2015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>One of the most important factors in the clinical longevity of composite resin restorations is proper adhesion, which is achieved using phosphoric acid. Different phosphoric acid products might affect the micro-shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the micro-shear bond strength of composite resin to sound enamel using six different brands of acid-etch agents.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>The present <i>in vitro</i> study was carried out on 72 extracted sound human (mandibular and maxillary) first premolar teeth. The teeth crowns were divided into two equal parts with a mesiodistal cut and randomly assigned to six groups in terms of the acid etchant brand: Ultra-etch, SDI, Morvabon, FGM, Nik Darman, and Experimental. The bonding procedure was carried out using the Margin Bond enamel adhesive. Tygon tubes (1×0.7 mm) containing composite resin were bonded to each enamel surface. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water, each sample underwent a shearing force with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The morphologic changes were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed with SPSS using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (<i>p</i>< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-way ANOVA showed that micro-shear bond strength in different etchant agents have significant differences (<i>p</i>< 0.001). The highest and lowest composite resin micro-shear bond strengths belonged to Ultradent and SDI brands, respectively. The enamel surfaces in the SDI group revealed residual debris after dissolution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preparation of the enamel surface with different phosphoric acid products might affect the micro-shear bond strength and enamel surface morphology differently. Further clinical studies are suggested to evaluate the effect of different types and concentrations of acid etching agents on the enamel and dentin bonds.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"316-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Medications and Equipment Indispensable for Dental Offices and Clinics in Iran.","authors":"Saeed Nemati, Shahram Hamedani","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.103415.2450","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.103415.2450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical emergencies, though rare, may occur unpredictably in a dental office during or after dental procedures. It may occur accidentally or subsequent to systemic problems of patients. These series of clinical events entail instantaneous management to evade any potential consequences. Basic life support measures require sufficient knowledge, expertise, skills, and equipment. Several medications and equipment are necessary to be available for immediate reach in any dental office. Health authorities of different countries usually propose these lists to dental practitioners. However, the best emergency kit is the one, which is arranged and maintained by the dentists based on their needs and easily accessible for immediate use. Considering the importance of this subject and the results yielded from the regular visits of the Dental Supervision Department (Vice Chancellor for treatment of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) to the dental centers of Shiraz in the spring and summer of 2023, we decided to recall the importance of emergency medicines and equipment through a brief communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"374-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular Schwannoma of the Palate Simulating as Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Diagnostic Marathon.","authors":"Manas Bajpai, Amit Mani, Saurabh L Sabnis, Vatchala Rani Rm","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.101035.2265","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.101035.2265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schwannomas are considered benign soft tissue tumors that originate from Schwann cells. Oral Schwannomas are rare and account for only 1% of all Schwannomas. Cellularschwannoma (CS) is a rare histological variant of schwannoma, characterized by high cellularity and cellular atypia. We present a case of localized growth of palatal mucosa that imitated the features of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) on histopathological examination; it was differentiated from MPNST by the correlation of clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"383-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Premedication with Ibuprofen and Essential Oil of Urtica Dioica on Post-Endodontic Pain: Clinical Trial.","authors":"Parham Elahinia, Armita Vali Sichani, Asana Vali Sichani, Navid Yaraghi, Afsaneh Yegdaneh, Zahra Khosravani","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.100104.2193","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2024.100104.2193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>Considering side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), herbal medicine including <i>Urtica dioica</i> might help reduce the pain.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aimed to compare the effects of premedication with essential oil of <i>Urtica dioica</i> and ibuprofen on post-endodontic pain.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>The present randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis of mandibular first or second molars. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups (n=20) for premedication with 400 mg ibuprofen, 400 mg essential oil of <i>Urtica dioica</i> (Netonal; Barij, Iran), and placebo. The medications were taken 30 minutes prior to the procedure. The patients' pain score was recorded before the intervention and treatment onset (Time1 or T1), after the intervention prior the treatment onset (10 minutes after anesthetic injection) (T2), upon completion of treatment (T3), and at 8 (T4), 12 (T5), and 24 hours after endodontic treatment (T6) using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBS), and compared. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, one-way and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), kruskal-wallis test, and LSD post-hoc test using IBM SPSS statistics version 21 with significance value of <i>p</i>< 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pain score was not significantly different among the three groups at T1, T2 and T3 according to both scales (<i>p</i>> 0.05). On the other hand, significantly lower pain scores were recorded in ibuprofen and Urtica dioica groups at 8, 12, and 24 hours after treatment compared with the placebo group (<i>p</i>< 0.001). The pain score was not markedly different between the ibuprofen and <i>Urtica dioica</i> groups (<i>p</i>> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It seems that analgesic effect of premedication with leaf extract of <i>Urtica dioica</i> is the same as ibuprofen. Further studies are warranted to find the optimal dosage of <i>Urtica dioica</i> for widespread use.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"349-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Crack Propagation During Root Canal Preparation in Primary Molar with Manual Instrumentation, ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next Rotary File Systems: An <i>in vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Pooja Khakhar, Farhin Katge, Vamsi Krishna, Debapriya Pradhan, Shilpa Shetty, Devendra Patil","doi":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.96668.1955","DOIUrl":"10.30476/dentjods.2023.96668.1955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of the problem: </strong>Root canal preparation with rotary files causes dentinal cracks in root canals of primary teeth affecting their longevity.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Nickel-titanium rotary files have been widely used for root canal preparation in primary teeth. The present study compared occurrence of dentinal microcracks in root canals of extracted primary molar teeth prepared using Hedstrom (H) files, ProTaper Universal rotary files, and ProTaper Next rotary file systems.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>In this <i>in vitro</i> experimental study, 80 primary molar mesial root canals were randomly divided into four groups of 20 canals each (n=20). Group I was prepared with H files. Group II was prepared with ProTaper Universal rotary files using shaping files SX and S2. Group III was instrumented with ProTaper Next rotary files X1 and X2 while Group IV was left unprepared and served as control. Roots were stained with 1% methylene blue solution and sectioned perpendicular to the long axis at 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm from the apical foramen. Slices obtained were examined under the stereomicroscope. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using chi square tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dentinal microcracks were observed in groups prepared using H files, ProTaper Universal, and ProTaper Next rotary files. Highest percentage of cracked root canals (20%) was seen in Group I, prepared by H files. These cracks were complete in nature, found in apical sections and statistically significant (<i>p</i>= 0.016). Group III prepared with ProTaper Next showed 10% dentinal cracks, followed by ProTaper Universal group with 5% cracked root canals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>H files may be considered more aggressive at apical third due to complete cracks produced.</p>","PeriodicalId":73702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran)","volume":"25 4","pages":"326-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}