Advances in neurobiology最新文献_第5页

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_10

Diego Guidolin, Cinzia Tortorella, Raffaele De Caro, Luigi F Agnati

{"title":"A Self-Similarity Logic May Shape the Organization of the Nervous System.","authors":"Diego Guidolin, Cinzia Tortorella, Raffaele De Caro, Luigi F Agnati","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_10","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_10","url":null,"abstract":"From the morphological point of view, the nervous system exhibits a fractal, self-similar geometry at various levels of observations, from single cells up to cell networks. From the functional point of view, it is characterized by a hierarchical organization in which self-similar structures (networks) of different miniaturizations are nested within each other. In particular, neuronal networks, interconnected to form neuronal systems, are formed by neurons, which operate thanks to their molecular networks, mainly having proteins as components that via protein-protein interactions can be assembled in multimeric complexes working as micro-devices. On this basis, the term \"self-similarity logic\" was introduced to describe a nested organization where, at the various levels, almost the same rules (logic) to perform operations are used. Self-similarity and self-similarity logic both appear to be intimately linked to the biophysical evidence for the nervous system being a pattern-forming system that can flexibly switch from one coherent state to another. Thus, they can represent the key concepts to describe its complexity and its concerted, holistic behavior.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"36 ","pages":"203-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multifractal Analysis of Brain Tumor Interface in Glioblastoma. 胶质母细胞瘤脑肿瘤界面的多分形分析

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_25

Jacksson Sánchez, Miguel Martín-Landrove

引用次数: 0

Interpretation of Neurodegenerative GWAS Risk Alleles in Microglia and their Interplay with Other Cell Types. 解读小胶质细胞的神经退行性 GWAS 风险等位基因及其与其他细胞类型的相互作用。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_29

Inge R Holtman, Christopher K Glass, Alexi Nott

{"title":"Interpretation of Neurodegenerative GWAS Risk Alleles in Microglia and their Interplay with Other Cell Types.","authors":"Inge R Holtman, Christopher K Glass, Alexi Nott","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_29","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_29","url":null,"abstract":"Microglia have been implicated in numerous neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders; however, the causal contribution of this immune cell type is frequently debated. Genetic studies offer a unique vantage point in that they infer causality over a secondary consequence. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified hundreds of loci in the genome that are associated with susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders. GWAS studies implicate microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and to a lesser degree suggest a role for microglia in vascular dementia (VaD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and other neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. The contribution and function of GWAS risk loci on disease progression is an ongoing field of study, in which large genomic datasets, and an extensive framework of computational tools, have proven to be crucial. Several GWAS risk loci are shared between disorders, pointing towards common pleiotropic mechanisms. In this chapter, we introduce key concepts in GWAS and post-GWAS interpretation of neurodegenerative disorders, with a focus on GWAS risk genes implicated in microglia, their interplay with other cell types and shared convergence of GWAS risk loci on microglia.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"37 ","pages":"531-544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microglia and Multiple Sclerosis. 小胶质细胞与多发性硬化症

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_25

Brady P Hammond, Sharmistha P Panda, Deepak K Kaushik, Jason R Plemel

引用次数: 0

Microglia and Sleep Disorders. 小胶质细胞与睡眠障碍

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_20

Katherine Picard, Kira Dolhan, Jyoti J Watters, Marie-Ève Tremblay

引用次数: 0

Microglia Colonization Associated with Angiogenesis and Neural Cell Development. 小胶质细胞定植与血管生成和神经细胞发育有关

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_10

G Jean Harry

引用次数: 0

Astrocyte Development in the Rodent. 啮齿动物的星形胶质细胞发育

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-64839-7_3

Yajun Xie, Corey C Harwell, A Denise R Garcia

{"title":"Astrocyte Development in the Rodent.","authors":"Yajun Xie, Corey C Harwell, A Denise R Garcia","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-64839-7_3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-64839-7_3","url":null,"abstract":"Astrocytes have gained increasing recognition as key elements of a broad array of nervous system functions. These include essential roles in synapse formation and elimination, synaptic modulation, maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, energetic support, and neural repair after injury or disease of the nervous system. Nevertheless, our understanding of mechanisms underlying astrocyte development and maturation remains far behind that of neurons and oligodendrocytes. Early efforts to understand astrocyte development focused primarily on their specification from embryonic progenitors and the molecular mechanisms driving the switch from neuron to glial production. Considerably, less is known about postnatal stages of astrocyte development, the period during which they are predominantly generated and mature. Notably, this period is coincident with synapse formation and the emergence of nascent neural circuits. Thus, a greater understanding of astrocyte development is likely to shed new light on the formation and maturation of synapses and circuits. Here, we highlight key foundational principles of embryonic and postnatal astrocyte development, focusing largely on what is known from rodent studies.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"39 ","pages":"51-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142071734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progress in Structural and Functional In Vivo Imaging of Microglia and Their Application in Health and Disease. 小胶质细胞的结构和功能体内成像及其在健康和疾病中的应用进展。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_5

Alexis Crockett, Martin Fuhrmann, Olga Garaschuk, Dimitrios Davalos

{"title":"Progress in Structural and Functional In Vivo Imaging of Microglia and Their Application in Health and Disease.","authors":"Alexis Crockett, Martin Fuhrmann, Olga Garaschuk, Dimitrios Davalos","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_5","url":null,"abstract":"The first line of defense for the central nervous system (CNS) against injury or disease is provided by microglia. Microglia were long believed to stay in a dormant/resting state, reacting only to injury or disease. This view changed dramatically with the development of modern imaging techniques that allowed the study of microglial behavior in the intact brain over time, to reveal the dynamic nature of their responses. Over the past two decades, in vivo imaging using multiphoton microscopy has revealed numerous new functions of microglia in the developing, adult, aged, injured, and diseased CNS. As the most dynamic cells in the brain, microglia continuously contact all structures and cell types, such as glial and vascular cells, neuronal cell bodies, axons, dendrites, and dendritic spines, and are believed to play a central role in sculpting neuronal networks throughout life. Following trauma, or in neurodegenerative or neuroinflammatory diseases, microglial responses range from protective to harmful, underscoring the need to better understand their diverse roles and states in different pathological conditions. In this chapter, we introduce multiphoton microscopy and discuss recent advances in structural and functional imaging technologies that have expanded our toolbox to study microglial states and behaviors in new ways and depths. We also discuss relevant mouse models available for in vivo imaging studies of microglia and review how such studies are constantly refining our understanding of the multifaceted role of microglia in the healthy and diseased CNS.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"37 ","pages":"65-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroimaging Correlates of Functional Outcome Following Pediatric TBI. 小儿创伤性脑损伤后功能结果的神经影像学相关性

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_3

Emily L Dennis, Finian Keleher, Brenda Bartnik-Olson

引用次数: 0

Rodent Models for ASD Biomarker Development. 开发 ASD 生物标记物的啮齿动物模型。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69491-2_8

Henry H C Lee, Mustafa Sahin

引用次数: 0