JCSM rapid communications最新文献

{"title":"Immobilization in diabetic rats results in altered glucose tolerance A model of reduced locomotion/activity in diabetes","authors":"Enrica Marmonti,&nbsp;Sílvia Busquets,&nbsp;Míriam Toledo,&nbsp;Marina Ricci,&nbsp;Jessica Bria,&nbsp;Francesc Oliva,&nbsp;José María López-Pedrosa,&nbsp;Manuel Manzano,&nbsp;Ricardo Rueda,&nbsp;Francisco J. López-Soriano,&nbsp;Josep M. Argilés","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00007.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00007.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aims Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus affects more than 350 million people worldwide. This metabolic disorder is characterized by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and elevated hepatic glucose output. Patients with diabetes are hospitalized frequently (3-fold greater) and with longer admissions (30% longer) than the non-diabetic subjects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of bed rest on the metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus, with particular interest in skeletal muscle mass and function and metabolism.</p>\u0000 <p>Methods and results 13wk old male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were randomly divided into two groups: control (ZDF-Con) and cage-immobilized animals (ZDF-Cage) for 28 consecutive days in a space-restricted cage. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for plasma glucose concentration in ZDF-Cage rats were significantly increased (approximately 4-fold as compared with ZDF-Con rats). GLUT4 gene expression in red soleus muscle of ZDF-Cage animals was reduced 2.5-fold in comparison with ZDF-Con rats. Although no apparent changes were observed either in fasting plasma glucose or insulin levels, a trend towards an increase in the HOMA-IR index and decreased levels of plasma adiponectin (-30%) were observed in ZDF-Cage animals. Moreover, ZDF-Cage rats did not lose muscle mass and force but performed a reduced total physical activity level (-22%).</p>\u0000 <p>Conclusions The present study results suggests that 28 days of immobilization (in a space-restriction model) significantly impaired glucose tolerance with concomitant reduced plasmatic adiponectin levels and GLUT4 expression in soleus muscle of type 2 diabetic rats.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00007.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49646643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cachexia and Sarcopenia in Companion Animals: An Under-Utilized Natural Animal Model of Human Disease","authors":"Lisa M. Freeman","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00006.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00006.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While laboratory small animal models of cachexia and sarcopenia are well-suited and critical for studying mechanisms and early pre-clinical phases for potential treatments, they are not similar enough to the human conditions to always be good predictors for results in human clinical trials. As a result, translational failures can occur when large-scale human clinical trials are conducted on drugs, even when they appear promising in pre-clinical studies in rodent models. What is needed is a way to more efficiently and successfully translate information gained from basic science and rodent research into human clinical trials that produce effective approved drugs. Naturally-occurring cachexia and sarcopenia in companion animals is a more representative model of human disease that can serve as a stepping stone between basic science and human clinical trials. Many of the common diseases of humans also affect companion animals, particularly pet dogs and cats. Pet dogs and cats commonly develop heart failure, cancer, and kidney disease, as well as acute trauma or illness. The population of elderly companion animals also is increasing as pets' lifespans have become longer. As a result, both cachexia and sarcopenia are very common in companion animals. Studying these conditions in dogs and cats – either in colonies or in animal clinical trials - can help to identify successful treatments that can benefit both humans and companion animals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00006.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48087843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-intensity interval training slows down tumor progression in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma","authors":"Christiano R. R. Alves,&nbsp;Willian das Neves,&nbsp;Gabriel C. Tobias,&nbsp;Ney R. de Almeida,&nbsp;Raphael F. Barreto,&nbsp;Camila M. Melo,&nbsp;Camila de G. Carneiro,&nbsp;Alexandre T. Garcez,&nbsp;Daniele de P. Faria,&nbsp;Roger Chammas,&nbsp;Patricia C. Brum","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00008.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00008.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to determine whether a short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol could counteract tumor progression in an experimental model of lung cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mice were injected subcutaneously with Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells and then randomly assigned into two groups: sedentary mice (LLC group) or mice submitted to HIIT (LLC + HIIT group).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LLC + HIIT group had lower tumor mass than LLC group (-52% after 18 days), with no differences in glycolytic activity as measured by PET/CT imaging. HIIT increased Cd274 (PD-L1) mRNA expression by ~6 folds and Vegfa mRNA expression by 2.5 folds, suggesting that HIIT stimulates local inflammation and angiogenesis in LLC tumors. Additionally, HIIT improved running capacity, skeletal muscle contractility and survival rate in LLC tumor-bearing mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These novel findings demonstrate that a short-term HIIT protocol slows down tumor progression, ultimately increasing survival in LLC tumor-bearing mice. Thus, this study provides novel pre-clinical evidence that exercise training may be a beneficial co-therapy for lung cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00008.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45372413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between sarcopenia and decorin, an exercise-induced myokine, in patients with liver cirrhosis: a pilot study","authors":"Masafumi Bekki,&nbsp;Ryuki Hashida,&nbsp;Takumi Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Norihiro Goshima,&nbsp;Teruhito Yoshiyama,&nbsp;Takashi Otsuka,&nbsp;Shunji Koya,&nbsp;Keisuke Hirota,&nbsp;Hiroo Matsuse,&nbsp;Takashi Niizeki,&nbsp;Takuji Torimura,&nbsp;Naoto Shiba","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00009.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00009.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia frequently occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). The skeletal muscles secrete myokines, including myostatin, irisin, and decorin, which regulate skeletal muscle mass. This study aimed to investigate the association between myokine levels and muscle mass and to identify independent factors for muscle mass in patients with LC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-nine patients with LC were enrolled in this study (mean age, 75 years [41–84], female/male, 19/20) and were classified into muscle atrophy or non-atrophy groups according to the Japan Society of Hepatology guidelines. Serum levels of myostatin, irisin, and decorin were measured by ELISA/EIA. Independent factors associated with skeletal muscle index (SMI) were investigated. Profiles associated with non-atrophic muscle were determined by a decision-tree analysis. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI) or blood ammonia or myostatin levels between the muscle atrophy and non-atrophy groups. However, serum decorin and irisin levels were significantly higher in the non-atrophy group than the atrophy group (11,888±5,418 vs. 5,642±1,978 pg/mL, P=0.0394; 35.1±1.9 vs. 31.1±8.3 ng/mL, P=0.0109). BMI and serum decorin level were identified as independent factors associated with SMI (P=0.0121, P=0.0483). In the decision-tree analysis, serum decorin level was identified as the first divergence variable for non-atrophic muscle. Of the patients with ≥10,226.8 pg/mL of decorin, 75% were in the non-atrophy group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum decorin level was significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass and was an independent factor for skeletal muscle non-atrophy in patients with LC. Decorin may be an important myokine regulating sarcopenia in patients with LC</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00009.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49074533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leucine-rich diet minimises liver glycogen mobilisation and modulates liver gluconeogenesis enzyme expression in tumour-bearing cachectic rats","authors":"Laís Rosa Viana,&nbsp;Anna Caroline Perina Luiz,&nbsp;Bianca Cristine Favero-Santos,&nbsp;Carla de Moraes Salgado,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Cintra Gomes-Marcondes","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00003.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00003.x","url":null,"abstract":"Cachexia is defined as a complex metabolic syndrome that is associated with tissue damage. Some studies have shown that the liver metabolic alterations contribute to overall host tissue wasting. Knowing that leucine acts as cell signalling, we evaluated hepatic metabolism in Walker 256 tumour‐bearing rats and investigated the modulatory effects of a leucine‐rich diet.","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00003.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41775331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired oxygen demand during exercise is related to oxidative stress and muscle function in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy","authors":"Vinicius Dias Wilson,&nbsp;Claire Thomas,&nbsp;Emilie Passerieux,&nbsp;Gérald Hugon,&nbsp;Fabien Pillard,&nbsp;André Gustavo Andrade,&nbsp;Sébastien Bommart,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Picot,&nbsp;Joël Pincemail,&nbsp;Jacques Mercier,&nbsp;Sandrine Arbogast,&nbsp;Dalila Laoudj-Chenivesse","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00002.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00002.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) causes progressive muscle weakness and loss. This study aims to compare changes in quadriceps oxygenation and hemodynamics during maximal voluntary quadriceps isometric contraction (MVC_Q) and to determine the relationships between these parameters and systemic oxidative stress markers and muscle structural parameters and muscle volume in patients with FSHD and healthy controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>17 patients with FSHD and 14 sedentary healthy controls were matched for age and physical activity level. Blood antioxidant status and stress markers were evaluated. The quadriceps tissue oxygenation index was evaluated by near infrared spectroscopy during MVC_Q. Quadriceps volume was determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Q<i>uadriceps</i> muscle samples were obtained to evaluate muscle fiber typology and mitochondria morphology by transmission electron microcopy (TEM). Groups were compared by the unpaired Student t-test or by the non-parametric Kruskal - Wallis test in case of skewed distributions with <i>p</i>&lt;0.05. Associations were assessed by Spearman correlations. Compared to controls, patients with FSHD displayed a significantly lower local O₂ consumption per second that was correlated with significantly lower MVC_Q and systemic oxidative stress marker levels. Although no difference in muscle typology was observed between groups, TEM showed abnormal aggregation of mitochondria near blood capillaries in FSHD muscles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results suggest that patients with FSHD have a lower O₂ demand during MVC_Q and that TOI measured by NIRS during MVC could be useful to determine the muscle oxidative capacity. Furthermore, these adaptations are related to the muscle structure reorganization linked to the occurrence of oxidative stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00002.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42658467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Castration induces satellite cell activation that contributes to skeletal muscle maintenance","authors":"Alanna Klose,&nbsp;Wenxuan Liu,&nbsp;Nicole D. Paris,&nbsp;Sophie Forman,&nbsp;John J. Krolewski,&nbsp;Kent L. Nastiuk,&nbsp;Joe V. Chakkalakal","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00004.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00004.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is a side effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer patients. Resident stem cells of skeletal muscle, satellite cells (SCs), are an essential source of progenitors for the growth and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Decreased androgen signaling and deficits in the number and function of SCs are features of aging. Although androgen signaling is known to regulate skeletal muscle, the cellular basis for ADT-induced exacerbation of sarcopenia is unknown. Furthermore, the consequences of androgen deprivation on SC fate in adult skeletal muscle remain largely unexplored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined SC fate in an androgen-deprived environment using immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with SC-specific markers in young castrated mice. To study the effects of androgen deprivation on SC function and skeletal muscle regenerative capacity, young castrated mice were subjected to experimental regenerative paradigms. SC-derived-cell contributions to skeletal muscle maintenance were examined in castrated <i>Pax7^CreER/+; ROSA26^mTmG/+</i> mice. SCs were depleted in <i>Pax7^CreER/+; ROSA26^DTA/+</i> mice to ascertain the consequences of SC ablation in sham and castrated skeletal muscles. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and assessment of skeletal muscle physiology, contractile properties, and integrity were conducted. We found castration led to SC activation, however this did not result in a decline in SC function or skeletal muscle regenerative capacity. Surprisingly, castration induced SC-dependent maintenance of young skeletal muscle. The functional dependence of skeletal muscles on SCs in young castrated mice was demonstrated by an increase in SC-derived-cell fusion within skeletal muscle fibers. SC depletion was associated with further atrophy and functional decline, as well as the induction of partial innervation and the loss of NMJ-associated myonuclei in skeletal muscles from castrated mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The maintenance of skeletal muscles in young castrated mice relies on the cellular contributions of SCs. Considering the well-described age-related decline in SCs, the results in this study highlight the need to devise strategies that promote SC maintenance and activity to attenuate or reverse the progression of sarcopenia in elderly androgen-deprived individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00004.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48416837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 and omega-3/curcumin-enriched fruit juices decrease tumour growth and reduce muscle wasting in tumour-bearing mice","authors":"Sílvia Busquets,&nbsp;Enrica Marmonti,&nbsp;Francesc Oliva,&nbsp;Estefanía Simoes,&nbsp;Daniel Luna,&nbsp;Janne Sand Mathisen,&nbsp;Francisco J. López-Soriano,&nbsp;Maria Öhlander,&nbsp;Josep M. Argilés","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00001.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00001.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of the administration of a juice containing essential nutrients (marine omega-3 fatty acids: EPA and DHA, a polyphenol-rich juice, vitamin D3, essential amino acids and dietary fibre) (CAX) and a juice also enriched with curcumin (CUR), alone or in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent (<i>sorafenib</i>) in a mouse cancer cachexia model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Administration of CAX and CUR in the form of jellified pellets to mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Administration of CAX and CUR in the form of jellified pellets to mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma resulted in a 12 and 18% reduction in tumour weight, respectively, but no additive effect in combination with sorafenib was seen. No effects on metastases measurements were observed. In spite of the reduction of the primary tumour, the chemotherapy treatment alone did not result in any changes in body weight. Conversely, in combination with sorafenib, both juices had an important effect on body weight loss. CUR also had an effect without chemotherapy. Concerning muscle weight, tibialis muscle mass was increased as a result of CAX and CUR treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is concluded that administration of omega-3/protein and omega-3/protein/curcumin-enriched fruit juices may have beneficial effects on muscle wasting and could be part of a multi-modal therapy for cancer cachexia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00001.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46457586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Castration induces satellite cell activation that contributes to skeletal muscle maintenance.","authors":"Alanna Klose, Wenxuan Liu, Nicole D Paris, Sophie Forman, John J Krolewski, Kent L Nastiuk, Joe V Chakkalakal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is a side effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer patients. Resident stem cells of skeletal muscle, satellite cells (SCs), are an essential source of progenitors for the growth and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Decreased androgen signaling and deficits in the number and function of SCs are features of aging. Although androgen signaling is known to regulate skeletal muscle, the cellular basis for ADT-induced exacerbation of sarcopenia is unknown. Furthermore, the consequences of androgen deprivation on SC fate in adult skeletal muscle remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined SC fate in an androgen-deprived environment using immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with SC-specific markers in young castrated mice. To study the effects of androgen deprivation on SC function and skeletal muscle regenerative capacity, young castrated mice were subjected to experimental regenerative paradigms. SC-derived-cell contributions to skeletal muscle maintenance were examined in castrated <i>Pax7^CreER/+; ROSA26^mTmG/+</i> mice. SCs were depleted in <i>Pax7^CreER/+; ROSA26^DTA/+</i> mice to ascertain the consequences of SC ablation in sham and castrated skeletal muscles. Confocal immunofluorescence analysis of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and assessment of skeletal muscle physiology, contractile properties, and integrity were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Castration led to SC activation, however this did not result in a decline in SC function or skeletal muscle regenerative capacity. Surprisingly, castration induced SC-dependent maintenance of young skeletal muscle. The functional dependence of skeletal muscles on SCs in young castrated mice was demonstrated by an increase in SC-derived-cell fusion within skeletal muscle fibers. SC depletion was associated with further atrophy and functional decline, as well as the induction of partial innervation and the loss of NMJ-associated myonuclei in skeletal muscles from castrated mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The maintenance of skeletal muscles in young castrated mice relies on the cellular contributions of SCs. Considering the well-described age-related decline in SCs, the results in this study highlight the need to devise strategies that promote SC maintenance and activity to attenuate or reverse the progression of sarcopenia in elderly androgen-deprived individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5959044/pdf/nihms964084.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40437454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical guidelines for publishing in the journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle rapid communications","authors":"Stephan von Haehling,&nbsp;Nicole Ebner,&nbsp;John E. Morley,&nbsp;Andrew J.S. Coats,&nbsp;Stefan D. Anker","doi":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00005.x","DOIUrl":"10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00005.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article details the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Rapid Communications (JCSM Rapid Communications). At the time of submission to JCSM Rapid Communications, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co-authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are obtained below:</p>\u0000 <p>\u0000 </p><ol>\u0000 \u0000 <li>All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) publication as provided to JCSM Rapid Communications;</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>No person having a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript;</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor has it been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form;</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>All authors certify that the work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before these other publications must be referenced;</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>All original research work are approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees;</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>All conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding have been duly declared in the manuscript;</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM Rapid Communications as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true; and</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify the Editors of JCSM Rapid Communications as soon as possible so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.</li>\u0000 </ol>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73544,"journal":{"name":"JCSM rapid communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.2617-1619.2018.tb00005.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48799797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}