JADA foundational science最新文献

{"title":"A high-sensitivity method for identifying a rare subpopulation of patients with infective endocarditis for a prospective case-control study","authors":"Peter B. Lockhart DDS ,&nbsp;Vivian H. Chu MD, MHS ,&nbsp;Martin H. Thornhill PhD, MBBS, BDS ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Frank X. Gohs MS ,&nbsp;D. Matthew Sullivan MD ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Rose MD ,&nbsp;Patrick O’Gara MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Infective endocarditis (IE) is an uncommon disease, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The low incidence and varied clinical presentation make identification of these patients recently admitted to hospitals particularly challenging. The authors designed a prospective electronic health record screening tool (PEHRST) to identify inpatients with IE for a prospective case-control study designed to determine levels of association between oral hygiene and periodontal disease indexes and IE.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The authors used PEHRST to identify, soon after admission, patients hospitalized with IE based on the presence of any 2 of the 4 screening criteria: orders for blood culture or echocardiography and completed consultations from infectious diseases or cardiovascular medicine. They determined the utility of this tool by comparing the prospectively generated PEHRST list of potential inpatients with IE with a retrospective list of inpatients with IE discharged during the same 2-year period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 74,345 patients admitted during the study period, PEHRST identified 11,944 (16%) with at least 2 of the 4 screening criteria. Retrospective claims data showed that 198 patients were discharged during this time period with an IE diagnosis, all of whom had been identified by PEHRST (sensitivity = 100%; 95% CI, 98.2% to 100%; specificity = 84%; 95% CI, 83.9% to 84.4%). An analysis of the timing of the 4 screening criteria indicated that the median days were all within 24 hours of admission.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PEHRST made possible the identification of rare patients with IE soon after hospital admission with high sensitivity, allowing the parent study to achieve sufficient enrollment of cases for the primary outcome measure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X21000025/pdfft?md5=fcda77c0403c9b696f7ee881ff89d766&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X21000025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography evaluation of deep dentin crack removal techniques","authors":"Daniel Hovander DDS ,&nbsp;Grant Chyz DDS ,&nbsp;Yasushi Shimada DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Junji Tagami DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Alireza Sadr DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This in vitro study used optical coherence tomography for noninvasive evaluation of the effectiveness of current clinical techniques to remove deep coronal dentin cracks.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Standard dentin cracks were induced on the pulpal floor of 40 decoronated, extracted, sound human posterior teeth using a diamond disk, resembling cracks extending from marginal ridges. The specimens were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatment groups for crack removal using airborne-particle abrasion or a bur (fissure, small round, medium round, or tapered fine diamond). Optical coherence tomographic scans were obtained before and after the crack removal. Three-dimensional image registration analyzed the amount of dentin removed and the dimensions of cracks initiated or propagated in each treatment group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Particle abrasion resulted in the smallest crack propagation in each dimension, which was significantly different from all bur groups (Mann-Whitney, <em>P</em> &lt; .01). Removed dentin depth and width differed among burs (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). All burs resulted in a degree of crack formation, and there was no difference in crack dimensions among bur groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). The amount of removed dentin during crack treatment was the largest in the particle abrasion group, which was significantly different from those of the bur groups (Mann-Whitney, <em>P</em> &lt; .005).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Dental burs used with the purpose of removing pulpal floor dentin cracks induced new small cracks and extended existing cracks, and the volume of removed dentin depended on the shape and size of the bur. Air particle abrasion induced the fewest new cracks despite removing larger dentin volume.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000081/pdfft?md5=a524650487d6e993bd155e36dc176138&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000081-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver diamine fluoride alters microbial communities in subsurface dentin","authors":"Rosalyn M. Sulyanto DMD, MS ,&nbsp;Clifford J. Beall MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Martin B. Berger DMD ,&nbsp;Christopher P. Goodell DMD ,&nbsp;Stephanie Koo DMD ,&nbsp;Fiorella Candamo DMD ,&nbsp;John R. Dickson MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Misun Kang PhD ,&nbsp;Sunita P. Ho PhD ,&nbsp;Man Wai Ng DDS, MPH ,&nbsp;Shahr B. Hashmi BS ,&nbsp;Eugene J. Leys PhD ,&nbsp;Ann L. Griffen MS, DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a dental biomaterial with cariostatic properties that are thought to be owing to, in part, to its antimicrobial activity. This study examines the mechanisms by which SDF may impact the oral microbiota.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This case-control study uses samples from carious lesions of primary teeth with or without SDF treatment; the authors used microbial viability testing and next-generation sequencing to compare untreated or SDF-treated carious surface biofilm and subsurface carious dentin.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Viability testing of surface biofilm from carious lesions with or without SDF treatment visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed no change in microbial viability several weeks after SDF treatment. Microbial community composition of carious surface biofilm before and after SDF treatment was determined using <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. Comparison of the microbiota by permutational multivariate analysis of variance revealed no significant difference between the carious surface biofilm before and after SDF treatment. To examine for changes in subsurface bacteria in the setting of SDF treatment, excavated subsurface carious dentin from untreated or SDF-treated carious lesions were profiled using <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing and compared with permutational multivariate analysis of variance, which revealed a significant difference between SDF-treated and untreated lesions (<em>P</em> =.006). The mean abundance of 15 species was significantly different between no SDF and SDF-treated subsurface carious dentin samples on the basis of negative binomial regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although SDF does not significantly alter the carious surface biofilm microbial community composition, it promotes a shift in community membership deeper within dentin tubules, representing a previously unrecognized mechanism of action for SDF in caries arrest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X21000049/pdfft?md5=2592925d84a534e7c7d5b706ca2d559e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X21000049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonprescription fish antibiotics:","authors":"Eugenia Popescu Roberts DDS ,&nbsp;Charles Veltri PhD ,&nbsp;Maria Lozoya MS ,&nbsp;Gina Agostini-Walesch MA, PhD ,&nbsp;John C. Mitchell PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Patients at a dental school were observed to self-medicate for dental pain and presumed infection with nonprescribed ornamental fish antibiotics, thereby circumventing professional health care. This study determined if the human-approved antibiotics, amoxicillin and cephalexin, were present in the nonprescribed, over-the-counter fish antibiotics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Human-grade prescribed and over-the-counter commercially-available fish antimicrobials (amoxicillin, cephalexin) were analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet-visible detection following US Pharmacopeia (USP) protocols. The contents of 20 capsules of each type were combined and dissolved in a carrier fluid to a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min using isocratic mobile phase conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All products contained the equivalent of not less than 90.0% and not more than 120.0% of their labeled contents, within the USP standards. Although no major impurities were identified, there was evidence of several as-yet unidentified excipient ingredients. Results confirm that the human-grade prescribed and nonprescribed over-the-counter fish antibiotics tested match USP standards and are pharmacologically indistinguishable.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results of this study showed that the major component of the amoxicillin and cephalexin capsules marketed for fish contain their purported levels of antibiotics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000111/pdfft?md5=e4385310ba0411c9a3e97cec584479ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies to design extrinsic stimuli-responsive dental polymers capable of autorepairing","authors":"Ana P. Fugolin MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Carmem S. Pfeifer PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Objectives.</strong> For many years, the requirements for dental polymers were limited to inertially filling the cavity and restoring form, function, and esthetics. Inorganic filler systems were widely enhanced to maximize the mechanical properties and optimize finishing and polishing procedures. The development of alternative photoinitiator systems also improved the carbon-carbon double bond conversion, increasing biocompatibility, wear, and stain resistance. However, despite laudable progress, the clinical life span of dental restorations is still limited, and their replacement is the most common procedure in dental offices worldwide. In the last few years, the development of materials with the potential to adapt to physiological stimuli has emerged as a key step to elevating dental polymers to a higher excellence level. In this context, using polymeric networks with self-healing properties that allow for the control of the propagation of microcracks is an appealing strategy to boost the lifetime of dental restorations. This review aims to report the current state-of-the-art of extrinsic self-healing dental polymers and provide insights to open new avenues for further developments. General classification of the self-healing polymeric systems focusing on the current extrinsic strategies used to inhibit microcracks propagation in dental polymers and recover their structural integrity and toughness are presented.</p></div><div><h3>Search Strategy</h3><p>An electronic search was perfomed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Only studies published in English on extrinsic self-healing polymeric systems were included.</p></div><div><h3>Overall Conclusions</h3><p>Self-healing materials are still in their infancy in dentistry, and the future possibilities are almost limitless. Although the mouth is a unique environment and the restorative materials have to survive chemical, physical, and mechanical challenges, which limits the use of some strategies that might compromise their physicochemical performance, there are countless untapped opportunities to overcome the challenges of the current systems and advance the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dd/c2/nihms-1861418.PMC9885849.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9688421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pooling individual samples","authors":"Carissa Comnick MS ,&nbsp;Cristina de Mattos Pimenta Vidal DDS, MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Xian Jin Xie PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000019/pdfft?md5=dac25407347df5720a6f40f1079319b7&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000019-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of the metallic artifact generated by a ceramic dental implant and a titanium dental implant imaged on cone-beam computed tomographic scans","authors":"Emma K. Warren BS ,&nbsp;Anusha Vaddi MDS ,&nbsp;Aditya Tadinada MDS","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dental implants are becoming the treatment of choice for restoring edentulous sites. Dental implants are typically made of a titanium alloy, and this produces a metallic artifact that obscures adjacent anatomy when imaged using x-radiation, specifically on cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scans. This artifact makes it challenging to evaluate peri-implant bone levels and any associated pathology. It was hypothesized that the introduction of ceramic implants would help in overcoming this challenge due to the nature and composition of the ceramic. The objective of this study was to compare the metallic artifact produced by ceramic and titanium dental implants when imaged with CBCT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Dental implants were placed in the edentulous sites of 2 dry human skulls, and CBCT scans with a standard 360° acquisition and a low-dose 180° acquisition were obtained. The metallic artifact generated by the implants was measured quantitatively using pixel intensity values and qualitatively using a modified Likert scale.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Average pixel intensity values, by gnathic region, ranged from 123.5 through 507 for titanium implants and 500 through 1,088.5 for ceramic implants. Qualitative analysis showed that ceramic implants produced more metallic artifact than titanium implants. Intraoperator and interoperator reliabilities assessed using Cronbach α showed consistency for both qualitative and quantitative analyses.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Ceramic dental implants produced significantly more metallic artifact when imaged on CBCT scans than titanium implants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000032/pdfft?md5=ce0a0ae2a4df6351805076ef6948aadb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000032-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton pump inhibitors are associated with reduced periodontal disease severity","authors":"Paul A. Herrmann DDS ,&nbsp;Robert E. Cohen DDS, MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Lisa M. Yerke DDS, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole, esomeprazole, and pantoprazole, are frequently prescribed to treat acid-related gastrointestinal diseases. PPIs inhibit the hydrogen potassium–adenosine triphosphatase proton pump in gastric parietal cells, decreasing acid release. However, PPIs also affect bone metabolism by altering mineralization and resorption rates and inducing changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota. Therefore, the authors assessed whether PPIs also might be associated with periodontal pathogenesis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Medical and dental records (N = 1,017) of patients seeking treatment at the School of Dental Medicine at the State University of New York, University at Buffalo Postgraduate Periodontics Clinic (2010-2017) were reviewed to obtain periodontal status, medication history, systemic diseases and conditions, and demographic information. Patients who received a diagnosis of generalized periodontitis stages III through IV, grades B through C were further assessed in this study (n = 518).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between the use of PPIs and the percentage of teeth with 6 mm or greater probing depths. That relationship persisted after adjusting for diabetes, smoking, and the presence of systemic factors. The prevalence of pocket depths 6 mm or greater was 13.1% in patients taking PPIs vs 19.9% in patients not taking PPIs (group difference, 6.8%; 34.2% decrease; 95% CI, 2.1% to 11.6%; <em>P</em> = .006). There were no statistically significant differences in oral hygiene efficacy or age in the PPI vs non-PPI groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05), implying that either potentially confounding factor did not influence the observed results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The use of PPIs is associated with less severe periodontal disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X2200007X/pdfft?md5=ffe626ab0d6f6cd13599b7428bdcd79f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X2200007X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm disruption and bactericidal activity of aqueous ozone coupled with ultrasonic dental scaling","authors":"Kevin C. Failor PhD ,&nbsp;Bruce Silver DMD ,&nbsp;Westin Yu BS ,&nbsp;Jason E. Heindl PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the awareness of a common hazard encountered in the dental clinic: aerosol transmission of pathogens. Treatment of sources of infection before or during dental procedures is one means of decreasing pathogen load and aerosol transmission.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An ultrasonic scaler supplied with aqueous ozone was used to examine the effect of its viability on planktonic cultures and biofilms formed by 2 model bacteria: <em>Rothia mucilaginosa</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both organisms showed susceptibility to aqueous ozone alone (97% and 99.5% lethality, respectively). When combined with manual scaling using an ultrasonic scaler, a greater than 99% reduction in colony-forming units (CFUs)/mL could be reached with an aqueous ozone concentration of approximately 2 mg/L (<em>R. mucilaginosa</em>) or 0.75 mg/L (<em>E. coli</em>) after 5 through 6 seconds of scaling.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Aqueous ozone coupled with ultrasonic scaling exhibited a higher efficiency of microbial kill than either method used alone<strong><em>.</em></strong> Both gram-positive and gram-negative species were affected by this treatment. Studies on other oral microbiota constituents, including fungi and viruses, will provide information on the efficacy of this method on a greater biological scale. Studies to verify concomitant reduction of microbial load in dispersed aerosols in clinical settings should be completed to support practical applications of this treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10267378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of silver diamine fluoride on the remineralization of early enamel carious lesions under pH-cycling conditions","authors":"Parand Sorkhdini DVM, PhD ,&nbsp;Yasmi O. Crystal DMD, MSc, FAAPD ,&nbsp;Qing Tang MS ,&nbsp;Frank Lippert PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study explored the in vitro anticaries efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in remineralizing early enamel carious lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Lesions were created in human enamel specimens, which were divided into 5 groups (n = 36): SDF (38%), SDF and potassium iodide (SDF and KI), potassium fluoride (KF), silver nitrate (AgNO₃), and deionized water (DIW). Treatments were applied once. Groups were divided into 2 subgroups (n = 18), pH cycled for 5 days with twice-daily treatments with either fluoride or DIW. Vickers hardness number measurements were conducted at each stage. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 2-way analysis of variance for ΔVickers hardness number was significant (<em>P</em> &lt; .0001). In both pH-cycling models (with or without fluoride), SDF, SDF and KI, and KF promoted more remineralization than AgNO₃ and DIW (<em>P</em> &lt; .0001). In the presence of twice-daily fluoride treatments, there was no difference between SDF, SDF and KI, and KF (<em>P</em> = .4577). However, in the absence of fluoride treatments, SDF promoted more remineralization than SDF and KI and KF (<em>P</em> &lt; .0001). There were no differences between SDF and KI and KF (<em>P</em> = .4577 and <em>P</em> = .2156; pH-cycling models with and without fluoride, respectively) and AgNO₃ vs DIW (<em>P</em> = .6553 and <em>P</em> = .1194).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>With the copresence of fluoride, SDF and SDF and KI equally promote remineralization of enamel lesions. KI impairs SDF-related remineralization in the absence of fluoride treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000020/pdfft?md5=c2e01d378799ad70870bf986aa1a389d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000020-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}