JADA foundational science最新文献

{"title":"Pneumonia-associated microbial species and stabilized chlorine dioxide–containing oral care products","authors":"Hadeel Ayoub PhD, MSDH, LDH ,&nbsp;Charu Sharma MS ,&nbsp;Richard L. Gregory PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2023.100028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfscie.2023.100028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study evaluated the antifungal and antibacterial effects of stabilized chlorine dioxide–containing oral care products against yeast and bacterial species associated with pneumonia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Six yeast species (<em>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei,</em> <em>Candida tropicalis)</em> and 5 bacterial species (<em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>, <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, <em>Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa)</em> were grown in Sabouraud dextrose broth and brain-heart infusion media, respectively, overnight. Each microorganism was treated with individual chlorine dioxide–containing ClōSYS (Rowpar Pharmaceuticals) products (Silver Multi-Benefit Fluoride Mouthwash, Sensitive Fresh Breath Mouthwash, Ultra Sensitive Mouthwash, Oral Spray, Silver Toothpaste, Sensitive Toothpaste, Fluoride-free Toothpaste) at serial dilutions. Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%) mouthrinse and water were positive and negative controls, respectively. Treated species were grown overnight. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated. Five microliters of each culture were transferred to blood agar plates incubated overnight, and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All undiluted products produced antifungal effects against tested yeast species. Similarly, antibacterial effects were observed for all products except for <em>S pneumoniae</em> and <em>H influenzae</em>, which were resistant to killing by some products. All tested products produced fungistatic or bacteriostatic effects against tested fungal or bacterial species. Different concentrations of each product are required to produce MIC, MFC, and MBC for each species tested. Some species required an equal or higher MIC than MFC and MBC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Stabilized chlorine dioxide–containing ClōSYS oral care products exhibit antifungal and antibacterial effects against common yeast and bacterial species associated with pneumonia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X23000087/pdfft?md5=c40f7a4a1d96d56be2928dfa1cb0c034&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X23000087-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The growth and dissolution of sodium fluoride hopper crystals","authors":"Alexis N. Frigyes BS, MS ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Holdren ,&nbsp;William A. McHale BS ,&nbsp;Mark A. Latta BS, MS, DMD ,&nbsp;Stephen M. Gross BS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49783714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the risk of Enterococcus faecalis cross-contamination of gutta-percha cartridges","authors":"Whitney A. Smith DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Carissa A. Hutchison BS ,&nbsp;Rodney V. Scott DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Susan E. Hinman DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Nancy H. Osborne DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Hamlin PhD, DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Kristi L. Frank PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2023.100021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfscie.2023.100021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49783715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of standard protocols for biofilm-biomaterial interface testing","authors":"Fabian Cieplik DDS, DMD, PhD ,&nbsp;Conrado Aparicio PhD ,&nbsp;Jens Kreth PhD ,&nbsp;Gottfried Schmalz DDS, DMD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The oral biofilm is associated with the most common oral diseases such as caries, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis. It is also linked to failures of dental treatment approaches (eg, direct or indirect restorations because of adjacent caries). Therefore, the development of materials with antibacterial properties is desirable. However, the design of meaningful tests to confirm such properties faces severe problems because of the complexity of the interaction of materials with the oral biofilm. Furthermore, owing to practical reasons, such tests need to be performed in vitro. In contrast, there is a need for predictive data that are comparable between different laboratories. Therefore, standardization of such tests has been advocated. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) with its Technical Committee 106–Dentistry may be the relevant platform for this purpose. A standard (ISO 3990) is being developed for testing the antibacterial properties of dental restorative materials. This standard defines basic requirements for sample preparation, selection of bacterial strains, test methods and assessment, and reporting of results. It is considered to be the first step, and regular revisions are planned as new scientific evidence emerges. The support of the scientific communities providing multidisciplinary input is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000044/pdfft?md5=d3244e487375a68336f4d36a3bc40f57&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000044-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering a new generation of thermoset self-healing polymers based on intrinsic approaches","authors":"Ana P. Fugolin MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Carmem S. Pfeifer PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The development of thermosetting polymers with autonomic reparability has become an important research topic since it has the potential to benefit several fields such as biomaterials, tissue engineering, paint and coating technologies, electronics, and soft robotics. In dentistry, the development of restorative materials capable of inhibiting the propagation of microcracks caused by masticatory forces and thermal stress may represent a crucial expansion of the limited clinical lifespan of dental restorations, which is a pressing challenge. Biological systems have inspired the underlying concepts and designs of synthetic polymeric self-healing systems, and different strategies have been used to impart autonomous repair capability in polymers. In this review, the most relevant intrinsic strategies are categorized based on the reaction mechanisms. In general, these strategies rely on the incorporation of latent functionalities capable of undergoing reversible chemical bonds within the polymeric structure (chemically or compositionally tuned).</p></div><div><h3>Search Strategy</h3><p>The searches were conducted in the databases Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar and limited to articles that were written in English and published during the last ten years. A few additional articles were included by complementing the database searches with manual review of the reference lists.</p></div><div><h3>Overall Conclusions</h3><p>Although intrinsic approaches remain underexplored in dentistry, a wide variety of elegant chemistries with tremendous translational potential employed in other fields to promote autonomic repair are highlighted in this review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/7e/nihms-1861420.PMC9885846.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9688420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-sensitivity method for identifying a rare subpopulation of patients with infective endocarditis for a prospective case-control study","authors":"Peter B. Lockhart DDS ,&nbsp;Vivian H. Chu MD, MHS ,&nbsp;Martin H. Thornhill PhD, MBBS, BDS ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Frank X. Gohs MS ,&nbsp;D. Matthew Sullivan MD ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Rose MD ,&nbsp;Patrick O’Gara MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Infective endocarditis (IE) is an uncommon disease, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The low incidence and varied clinical presentation make identification of these patients recently admitted to hospitals particularly challenging. The authors designed a prospective electronic health record screening tool (PEHRST) to identify inpatients with IE for a prospective case-control study designed to determine levels of association between oral hygiene and periodontal disease indexes and IE.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The authors used PEHRST to identify, soon after admission, patients hospitalized with IE based on the presence of any 2 of the 4 screening criteria: orders for blood culture or echocardiography and completed consultations from infectious diseases or cardiovascular medicine. They determined the utility of this tool by comparing the prospectively generated PEHRST list of potential inpatients with IE with a retrospective list of inpatients with IE discharged during the same 2-year period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 74,345 patients admitted during the study period, PEHRST identified 11,944 (16%) with at least 2 of the 4 screening criteria. Retrospective claims data showed that 198 patients were discharged during this time period with an IE diagnosis, all of whom had been identified by PEHRST (sensitivity = 100%; 95% CI, 98.2% to 100%; specificity = 84%; 95% CI, 83.9% to 84.4%). An analysis of the timing of the 4 screening criteria indicated that the median days were all within 24 hours of admission.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PEHRST made possible the identification of rare patients with IE soon after hospital admission with high sensitivity, allowing the parent study to achieve sufficient enrollment of cases for the primary outcome measure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X21000025/pdfft?md5=fcda77c0403c9b696f7ee881ff89d766&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X21000025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography evaluation of deep dentin crack removal techniques","authors":"Daniel Hovander DDS ,&nbsp;Grant Chyz DDS ,&nbsp;Yasushi Shimada DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Junji Tagami DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Alireza Sadr DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This in vitro study used optical coherence tomography for noninvasive evaluation of the effectiveness of current clinical techniques to remove deep coronal dentin cracks.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Standard dentin cracks were induced on the pulpal floor of 40 decoronated, extracted, sound human posterior teeth using a diamond disk, resembling cracks extending from marginal ridges. The specimens were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatment groups for crack removal using airborne-particle abrasion or a bur (fissure, small round, medium round, or tapered fine diamond). Optical coherence tomographic scans were obtained before and after the crack removal. Three-dimensional image registration analyzed the amount of dentin removed and the dimensions of cracks initiated or propagated in each treatment group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Particle abrasion resulted in the smallest crack propagation in each dimension, which was significantly different from all bur groups (Mann-Whitney, <em>P</em> &lt; .01). Removed dentin depth and width differed among burs (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). All burs resulted in a degree of crack formation, and there was no difference in crack dimensions among bur groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). The amount of removed dentin during crack treatment was the largest in the particle abrasion group, which was significantly different from those of the bur groups (Mann-Whitney, <em>P</em> &lt; .005).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Dental burs used with the purpose of removing pulpal floor dentin cracks induced new small cracks and extended existing cracks, and the volume of removed dentin depended on the shape and size of the bur. Air particle abrasion induced the fewest new cracks despite removing larger dentin volume.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000081/pdfft?md5=a524650487d6e993bd155e36dc176138&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000081-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver diamine fluoride alters microbial communities in subsurface dentin","authors":"Rosalyn M. Sulyanto DMD, MS ,&nbsp;Clifford J. Beall MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Martin B. Berger DMD ,&nbsp;Christopher P. Goodell DMD ,&nbsp;Stephanie Koo DMD ,&nbsp;Fiorella Candamo DMD ,&nbsp;John R. Dickson MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Misun Kang PhD ,&nbsp;Sunita P. Ho PhD ,&nbsp;Man Wai Ng DDS, MPH ,&nbsp;Shahr B. Hashmi BS ,&nbsp;Eugene J. Leys PhD ,&nbsp;Ann L. Griffen MS, DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2021.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a dental biomaterial with cariostatic properties that are thought to be owing to, in part, to its antimicrobial activity. This study examines the mechanisms by which SDF may impact the oral microbiota.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This case-control study uses samples from carious lesions of primary teeth with or without SDF treatment; the authors used microbial viability testing and next-generation sequencing to compare untreated or SDF-treated carious surface biofilm and subsurface carious dentin.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Viability testing of surface biofilm from carious lesions with or without SDF treatment visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed no change in microbial viability several weeks after SDF treatment. Microbial community composition of carious surface biofilm before and after SDF treatment was determined using <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. Comparison of the microbiota by permutational multivariate analysis of variance revealed no significant difference between the carious surface biofilm before and after SDF treatment. To examine for changes in subsurface bacteria in the setting of SDF treatment, excavated subsurface carious dentin from untreated or SDF-treated carious lesions were profiled using <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing and compared with permutational multivariate analysis of variance, which revealed a significant difference between SDF-treated and untreated lesions (<em>P</em> =.006). The mean abundance of 15 species was significantly different between no SDF and SDF-treated subsurface carious dentin samples on the basis of negative binomial regression analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although SDF does not significantly alter the carious surface biofilm microbial community composition, it promotes a shift in community membership deeper within dentin tubules, representing a previously unrecognized mechanism of action for SDF in caries arrest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X21000049/pdfft?md5=2592925d84a534e7c7d5b706ca2d559e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X21000049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonprescription fish antibiotics:","authors":"Eugenia Popescu Roberts DDS ,&nbsp;Charles Veltri PhD ,&nbsp;Maria Lozoya MS ,&nbsp;Gina Agostini-Walesch MA, PhD ,&nbsp;John C. Mitchell PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Patients at a dental school were observed to self-medicate for dental pain and presumed infection with nonprescribed ornamental fish antibiotics, thereby circumventing professional health care. This study determined if the human-approved antibiotics, amoxicillin and cephalexin, were present in the nonprescribed, over-the-counter fish antibiotics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Human-grade prescribed and over-the-counter commercially-available fish antimicrobials (amoxicillin, cephalexin) were analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet-visible detection following US Pharmacopeia (USP) protocols. The contents of 20 capsules of each type were combined and dissolved in a carrier fluid to a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min using isocratic mobile phase conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All products contained the equivalent of not less than 90.0% and not more than 120.0% of their labeled contents, within the USP standards. Although no major impurities were identified, there was evidence of several as-yet unidentified excipient ingredients. Results confirm that the human-grade prescribed and nonprescribed over-the-counter fish antibiotics tested match USP standards and are pharmacologically indistinguishable.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results of this study showed that the major component of the amoxicillin and cephalexin capsules marketed for fish contain their purported levels of antibiotics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772414X22000111/pdfft?md5=e4385310ba0411c9a3e97cec584479ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2772414X22000111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54466284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies to design extrinsic stimuli-responsive dental polymers capable of autorepairing","authors":"Ana P. Fugolin MS, PhD ,&nbsp;Carmem S. Pfeifer PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Objectives.</strong> For many years, the requirements for dental polymers were limited to inertially filling the cavity and restoring form, function, and esthetics. Inorganic filler systems were widely enhanced to maximize the mechanical properties and optimize finishing and polishing procedures. The development of alternative photoinitiator systems also improved the carbon-carbon double bond conversion, increasing biocompatibility, wear, and stain resistance. However, despite laudable progress, the clinical life span of dental restorations is still limited, and their replacement is the most common procedure in dental offices worldwide. In the last few years, the development of materials with the potential to adapt to physiological stimuli has emerged as a key step to elevating dental polymers to a higher excellence level. In this context, using polymeric networks with self-healing properties that allow for the control of the propagation of microcracks is an appealing strategy to boost the lifetime of dental restorations. This review aims to report the current state-of-the-art of extrinsic self-healing dental polymers and provide insights to open new avenues for further developments. General classification of the self-healing polymeric systems focusing on the current extrinsic strategies used to inhibit microcracks propagation in dental polymers and recover their structural integrity and toughness are presented.</p></div><div><h3>Search Strategy</h3><p>An electronic search was perfomed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Only studies published in English on extrinsic self-healing polymeric systems were included.</p></div><div><h3>Overall Conclusions</h3><p>Self-healing materials are still in their infancy in dentistry, and the future possibilities are almost limitless. Although the mouth is a unique environment and the restorative materials have to survive chemical, physical, and mechanical challenges, which limits the use of some strategies that might compromise their physicochemical performance, there are countless untapped opportunities to overcome the challenges of the current systems and advance the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dd/c2/nihms-1861418.PMC9885849.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9688421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}