JADA foundational science最新文献

{"title":"Exploratory investigation of quantitative percussion diagnostics in endodontic health and pathology","authors":"Jie Shen PhD ,&nbsp;Clifford J. Ruddle DDS ,&nbsp;John West DDS, MSD ,&nbsp;Cherilyn G. Sheets DDS ,&nbsp;James C. Earthman PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2025.100060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2025.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Quantitative percussion diagnostics (QPD) have been able to detect coronal microgap defects (MGDs) at early stages. Specifically, QPD identified early MGDs associated with restorative luting failures, coronal and radicular root fractures, and implants. Another potential MGD for teeth is a defective periodontal ligament (PDL). If there is early attachment apparatus disease, there is a high probability that the PDL is damaged. This study investigated the QPD response of a tooth with a lesion of endodontic origin (LEO) to determine if the damaged PDL can be detected.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An in vivo tooth with a periapical LEO was clinically evaluated by using radiographs, cone-beam computed tomographic images, and QPD. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to accurately model this same tooth to simulate the apical LEO in the model. Reduced moduli in tissue components were used to simulate the effect of the LEO. The clinical QPD result was validated using FEA for an endodontically failing mandibular first molar with an apical LEO.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The in vitro FEA results show consistent features with the corresponding clinical QPD results and validate that the model closely replicates the tooth and the LEO observed with radiographic and cone-beam computed tomographic images. It was also shown that these FEA results and clinical QPD results yield nearly the same normal fit error values.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The agreement between this in vitro FEA model and the in vivo clinical QPD results for a mandibular molar with an apical LEO indicates that QPD can detect a damaged PDL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difference in staining caused by silver diamine fluoride at concentrations of 30% and 38% combined with potassium iodide in artificially-induced caries lesions","authors":"Isabela Ramos DDS,&nbsp;Julia Maldonado Garcia DDS,&nbsp;Aurélio de Oliveira Rocha PhD,&nbsp;Pablo Silveira Santos PhD,&nbsp;Andressa da Silva Barboza PhD,&nbsp;Carla Miranda Santana PhD,&nbsp;Juliana Silva Ribeiro de Andrade PhD,&nbsp;Mariane Cardoso PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is an effective cariostatic agent, but it stains demineralized dental tissue. Potassium iodide (KI) was combined with 38% SDF in an attempt to reduce this staining. This study aimed to compare the staining effects of 38% SDF and KI and 30% SDF on artificially demineralized dentin lesions, assessed after 12 hours and 7 days.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Streptococcus mutans</em> biofilm was grown for up to 14 days on the cut surface of dentin disks prepared from bovine incisors using brain-heart infusion medium supplemented with 1% sucrose. After lesion formation, 20 dentin disks were divided into 2 groups: G1, treated with 38% SDF and KI, and G2, treated with SDF 30%. Color measurements were taken at baseline, 12 hours posttreatment, and 7 days posttreatment. Pigmentation (ΔE₀₀) and darkening (ΔL) were assessed. Independent <em>t</em> tests were used for between-group comparisons at each time point, and the paired <em>t</em> test was used for within-group comparisons over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both groups exhibited unacceptable color changes (ΔE₀₀ &gt; 5.40). No statistically significant differences in ΔE₀₀ and ΔL values were observed between groups at either time point (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Paired analyses indicated that ΔE₀₀ and ΔL values remained the same in 12 hours and 7 days in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There was no significant difference in the pigmentation potential between 38% SDF and KI and 30% SDF. The use of the KI solution did not completely resolve the issue of dental tissue darkening. Both treatments reached peak pigmentation within 12 hours, which remained unchanged after 7 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward ionic liquid chemistry to build in antimicrobial functionality in the next generation of dental materials","authors":"Masoumah Qaw BDS, MSD,&nbsp;Lamia Mokeem BDS, PhD,&nbsp;Tasneem Alluhaidan BDS, MSD,&nbsp;Isadora Martini Garcia DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Fabrício Mezzomo Collares DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Mary Ann Williams MSLS,&nbsp;Mary Anne S. Melo DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The authors mapped the landscape of research on the use of ionic liquids (ILs) in dental materials, identifying which IL chemistries are most prevalent as well as antimicrobial performance, material functionality, and biocompatibility.</div></div><div><h3>Search Strategy</h3><div>The authors followed the Arksey and O’Malley 5-stage framework for scoping reviews.</div></div><div><h3>Citation Sources</h3><div>Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase (2000-2024).</div></div><div><h3>Study Selection Criteria</h3><div>Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were charted across IL composition, material type, antimicrobial mechanism, and physicochemical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Data Elements Included</h3><div>Imidazolium-based ILs were the most studied, followed by pyridinium, ammonium, and cholinium derivatives. IL incorporation improved polymerization efficiency, bond durability, and corrosion resistance while providing sustained antimicrobial activity through cationic disruption of bacterial membranes. The transition toward biocompatible, biodegradable ILs, such as cholinium and amino acid-based systems, is an emerging trend.</div></div><div><h3>Overall Conclusions</h3><div>IL chemistry offers a powerful platform for developing multifunctional dental materials that combine antimicrobial efficacy with mechanical and chemical stability. Future research should focus on long-term biocompatibility, standardized antimicrobial testing, and translation into clinically safe, sustainable formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reliability of answers about root canal retreatment provided by artificial intelligence chatbots","authors":"Gamze Ebrar Nalbant DDS,&nbsp;Tansu Merve Besparmak DDS,&nbsp;Şeyma Atli DDS,&nbsp;Ali Turkyilmaz DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Ali Erdemir DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Easily accessible artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots can serve as a consulting tool for patients before meeting with a dentist. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the reliability of answers provided by different AI chatbots to frequently asked questions in the field of root canal retreatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The questions were obtained from the most frequently asked questions about retreatment by patients to endodontists (n = 10) and ChatGPT-4 (OpenAI) (n = 10). The 20 questions were asked once to 5 different AI chatbots (ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-4o [OpenAI], Gemini 1.5 Flash [Google], Gemini 1.5 Pro [Google], DeepSeek-V.3 [High-Flyer]), and the responses (n = 100) were independently evaluated by 3 researchers using a modified Global Quality Score (GQS), modified DISCERN (mDISCERN), and The Completeness, Lack of Misinformation, Evidence, Appropriateness, Relevance (CLEAR) tools. Interrater reliability was assessed via the intraclass correlation coefficient. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis <em>H</em> and post hoc Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> tests because of nonnormal distribution (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High interrater agreement was observed (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87-0.94). Significant differences were identified across all platforms. ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro consistently outperformed all other models across GQS, mDISCERN, and CLEAR. Conversely, Gemini 1.5 Flash showed the significantly lowest performance (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). DeepSeek-V3 achieved significantly higher mDISCERN scores than ChatGPT-4 despite lower GQS scores than the top-performing models. Strong positive correlations were found among all evaluation scales (<em>r</em> = 0.67-0.73; <em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro showed the highest performance on GQS, mDISCERN, and CLEAR, serving as reliable tools in terms of accuracy rates and usable as trustworthy tools in patient education regarding retreatment. AI-based chatbots can answer patient questions and provide health-related information, but they cannot replace professional medical advice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148843104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pomelo essential oil","authors":"Hoai Thu Le PhD ,&nbsp;Thanh-Hoa Vo PhD ,&nbsp;Phuoc-Vinh Nguyen PhD ,&nbsp;Gia Phong Vu PhD ,&nbsp;Bac V.G. Nguyen PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2025.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2025.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Streptococcus mutans</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em> are key contributors to oral diseases because of their strong ability to form resilient biofilms on dental material surfaces. These biofilms pose significant challenges for infection control and treatment. Natural essential oils, known for their antimicrobial properties, have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional chemical agents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study evaluated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of pomelo essential oil on 3 types of dental materials: acrylic, composite resin, and the bis-acrylic compound Tempofit (DETAX GmbH &amp; Co KG). The essential oil was applied at various concentrations to both preformed biofilms and as a pretreatment before microbial exposure. Cytotoxicity was assessed using HEK293T cells to determine safety.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pomelo essential oil exhibited dose- and time-dependent biofilm eradication across all tested materials. It significantly reduced microbial viability in established biofilms and effectively inhibited biofilm formation when applied as a pretreatment. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed a median lethal dose of 0.03658%, indicating low toxicity to human cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings showed that pomelo essential oil is a safe and effective natural agent for disrupting and preventing biofilm formation on dental materials. Its potential application in commercial oral care products may offer a safer alternative for managing biofilm-associated infections in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric dental surgeries","authors":"Joanna Buscemi PhD,&nbsp;David Avenetti DDS, MSD, MPH,&nbsp;Helen Lee MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of Iraqi dentists regarding artificial intelligence in dentistry","authors":"Zainab M. Mansi MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Muhanad L. Alshami MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Mustafa W. Al-Kubaisi MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an essential tool in dentistry. It is therefore crucial for dentists to be knowledgeable about these technologies and adaptable to their practical applications. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of Iraqi dentists regarding the use of AI in dentistry.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a questionnaire-based study. The questionnaire was distributed electronically via social media platforms and consisted of 3 sections. The first section collected demographic data. The second covered knowledge of the working principles of AI and the main sources of this knowledge. The third section comprised 15 questions assessing participants’ attitudes and perceptions toward the application of AI in dentistry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 535 responses were received. Men represented 61.1% of participants, and 64.1% of sampled dentists were 40 years or older. Postgraduate dentists accounted for 55.1% of all respondents. A positive level of knowledge regarding AI and its working principles was found in 71.4% of the responses, with social media being the main source of information. The highest positive response rate was related to the use of AI applications as part of postgraduate dental education. In contrast, the lowest positive response rate (12.9%) concerned whether AI would replace dentists in the future. A statistically significant difference in attitude and perceptions about the application of AI in dentistry was found between male and female respondents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Iraqi dentists must be motivated to become more familiar with the benefits and applications of AI through formal education and training programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148241431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate effects of a low-dose chlorhexidine–chlorine dioxide mouthrinse on volatile sulfur compounds over a 120-minute period","authors":"Thuy Anh Vu Pham DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Thao Thi Phuong Tran DDS, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intraoral halitosis is primarily associated with volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) produced through anaerobic bacterial metabolism in the oral cavity. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is widely regarded as the reference standard antimicrobial mouthrinse for malodor control, but its use is limited by concentration-dependent adverse effects. Chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) has been proposed as an adjunctive agent because of its ability to chemically oxidize VSC and neutralize malodor. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a mouthrinse containing low-dose CHX combined with ClO₂ on VSC concentrations in adults with intraoral halitosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 40 adults with intraoral halitosis were randomly assigned to rinse with a mouthrinse containing 0.01% CHX and 0.05% ClO₂ or a placebo. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide were quantified using gas chromatography (OralChroma; Abimedical [Abilit Corp]). The primary outcome was the change in H₂S concentration at 120 minutes from baseline.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The test mouthrinse produced significantly greater reductions in H₂S than the placebo at multiple time points during the 120-minute observation period (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Similar reductions were observed for methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide. Area-under-the-curve analyses showed significantly lower cumulative VSC exposure in the test group compared with the placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A mouthrinse containing low-dose CHX combined with ClO₂ produced rapid suppression of VSCs after a single rinse. These findings suggest that combining reduced-concentration CHX with an oxidative adjunct may represent a potential strategy for short-term control of intraoral halitosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148843103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of bone engagement in 2 orientations of pterygoid implant placement","authors":"Tu Lam Doan DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Cam Le Ngoc Hong DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Thao Ngoc Phuong Tran DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Lam Nguyen Le DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Thuy Anh Vu Pham DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pterygoid implants can be placed in different orientations. This study compared 2 distinct implant trajectories in terms of bone engagement and implant characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dedicated planning software was used to review cone-beam computed tomography data sets and to position virtual implants within the pterygomaxillary complex. The following measurements were made on cross-sectional, panoramic, and modified buccopalatal reconstructions: the total bone length along the implant axis, the length of bone engagement, anteroposterior and buccopalatal angulations, and the mesiodistal position of the osteotomy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 169 pterygoid regions with 169 implants per implant-trajectory group were included in this study. The high-trajectory group exhibited a mean (SD) total osseous length of 19.9 (3.2) mm, significantly greater than the 17.9 (3.3) mm recorded for the low-trajectory group (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). The pterygoid-process penetration (SD) was also greater in the high-trajectory group (8.7 [2.8] mm) than in the low-trajectory group (5.8 [2.3] mm; <em>P</em> &lt; .001). With respect to the virtual implant length, the high-trajectory group required a longer fixture than the low-trajectory group (mean difference, −2.0 mm; <em>P</em> &lt; .001). The linear mixed-effects model was used to compare all parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>High-direction pterygoid implant placement achieves deeper purchase within the dense pterygomaxillary complex and therefore offers superior virtual bone engagement. Across both orientations, an implant length of 16 through 20 mm is selected most frequently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depth of cure or depth of (self-)deceit?","authors":"Brian W. Darvell DSc","doi":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfscie.2026.100083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73530,"journal":{"name":"JADA foundational science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}