Infectious diseases (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the Blueprint: why WHO's new fungal disease framework must become a national health system priority.","authors":"Samar Yusuf Omar, Ilyas Abdullahi Khalif, Ahmed Abdinasir Abdulle","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2701175","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2701175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"878-880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge to action: assessing the impact of schistosomiasis education on community knowledge, attitudes and practices in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa.","authors":"Prince S Campbell, Janine B Adams, Melusi Thwala, Opeoluwa Oyedele, Paula E Melariri","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2650617","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2650617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease affecting nearly 240 million people globally, remains entrenched in communities with poor access to safe water and sanitation. Between 2021 and 2022, the World Health Organisation reported a 5% rise in the global need for preventive treatment, with Africa bearing 90% of the burden.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed community knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding schistosomiasis and evaluated the impact of an educational intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed. Structured pre- and post-intervention interviews were conducted with residents aged 18-65 years living within 5 km of selected water bodies. Data were captured in QuestionPro and analysed using Microsoft Excel 365 (2019) and R (version 4.3.1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 380 participants (51.1% male, 48.7% female, 0.3% no response), 91.3% had no prior knowledge of schistosomiasis at baseline. Post-intervention, awareness reached 100%. Pre-intervention analysis revealed a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (<i>r</i> = 0.23, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with knowledgeable individuals more likely to seek treatment and adopt preventive measures. However, post-intervention data showed a negative correlation between attitudes and practices (r = -0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.013), indicating that some participants persisted in high-risk water contact despite improved attitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intervention markedly improved awareness and attitudes but did not fully eliminate risky behaviours. This gap underscores the need for sustained context-specific behavioural change strategies that move beyond knowledge transfer to address ingrained practices. Embedding long-term community engagement into schistosomiasis control programmes is critical to breaking transmission cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"833-846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147596600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How long can Visceral Leishmaniasis hide? Rethinking follow-up after treatment to detect late relapse.","authors":"Aristos Aristodimou, Zacharias Raptopoulos","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2698669","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2698669","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"874-877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious disease control during the war in Ukraine: a narrative review of surveillance disruption, antimicrobial resistance and continuity-of-care risks.","authors":"Valeriia Pashko, Adeline Syin Lian Yeo, Meng Ling Moi","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2696415","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2696415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"868-873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Candidemia in adult patients with alcoholism: a retrospective cohort study in Finland from 2007 to 2016.","authors":"Klaus Kessel, Erik Forsblom, Asko Järvinen, Mari Ala-Houhala","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2644271","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2644271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Candidemia is a life-threatening, typically nosocomial infection, which often occurs with critical illness and immunosuppression. Alcoholism has not been associated with candidemia risk or outcomes. However, alcoholism is a common comorbidity in hospitalised patients, excess alcohol consumption has detrimental effects on the immune system, and alcoholism is associated with poor outcomes from bacteraemia, sepsis and bacterial pneumonia. We aimed to investigate the patient and disease characteristics, treatment, outcomes, and <i>Candida</i> species distribution in patients with alcoholism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected retrospective data on cases of candidemia in adults from Southern Finland between 2007 and 2016. Cases were stratified by alcoholism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified a total of 329 patients with candidemia, of which 69 (21%) had alcoholism. Patients with alcoholism were younger and had fewer serious or life-threatening comorbidities. Classical risk factors for candidemia were equally or less prevalent in patients with alcoholism than in those without, including malignancy (20% vs. 34%), central venous catheter (48% vs. 50%), and gastrointestinal surgery (20% vs. 24%). The majority of candidemia cases were nosocomial (92%) without significant differences between patient cohorts. Candidemia diagnosis in the ICU was more common in patients with alcoholism than in those without (19% vs. 10%). Central venous catheters were removed (61%) and antifungal therapy was initiated promptly in patients with alcoholism. The 30-day mortality of patients with and without alcoholism was equivalent (29% vs. 31%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant proportion of patients with candidemia had comorbid alcoholism. Patients with alcoholism did not have significantly different outcomes from patients without alcoholism.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"792-799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal hepatitis B birth-dose: an evidence-based standard.","authors":"Shree Rath","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2684411","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2684411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"857-858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment coverage among hepatitis C infections in Denmark, 2022: a capture-recapture study using national registers.","authors":"Signe Freja Storgaard, Inge Petersen, Gordon Hay, Signe Bollerup, Maria Wessman, Nina Weis, Lars Haukali Omland, Birgit Røge, Alex Lund Laursen, Lone Hagens Mygind, Henrik Krarup, Toke Seierøe Barfod, Lone Galmstrup Madsen, Anders Koch, Sandra Dröse, Anne Øvrehus, Peer Brehm Christensen","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2695429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2026.2695429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following the introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) became a target of the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2016. Denmark had a HCV prevalence of 0.21% in 2016, and in 2018, unrestricted access to DAAs was introduced together with intensified testing strategies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate adult HCV diagnostic and treatment coverage in Denmark by the end of 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four national HCV source registers (laboratory reports, surveillance notifications, treatment database and hospital diagnoses) were merged. Capture-recapture analysis was used to estimate diagnosed individuals not identified in the registers, and estimates were adjusted for treated patients. The undiagnosed population was estimated using HCV testing data among high-risk individuals recorded in the Register for Treatment of Drug Use and compared with Danish studies on the diagnosed fraction of newly detected HCV cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the four registers, 1,649 valid records of HCV-infected adults alive and resident in Denmark were identified. Capture-recapture analysis estimated a total of 1,700 (95% CI: 1,677-1,739) diagnosed individuals. With an undiagnosed fraction of 22-32%, the total HCV-infected population was estimated at 2,471-2,582 individuals, corresponding to a prevalence of 0.05-0.06% by the end of 2022. Compared to the 2016 baseline 82% had been diagnosed and 77% of diagnosed patients had been treated for HCV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HCV prevalence in Denmark has declined substantially, and with ongoing national initiatives to test and treat the remaining HCV patients we are likely to achieve WHO targets of diagnostic coverage and treatment before 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148586186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and severe outcomes of influenza in comparison to COVID-19 among hospitalised adult patients during the 2024-2025 season: a prospective, multicentre study in Greece.","authors":"Helena C Maltezou, Vasiliki Rapti, Ilektra Tseliou, Vasileios Petrakis, Maria N Gamaletsou, Theodoros V Giannouchos, Dimitrios Basoulis, Αmalia Karapanou, Maria Chini, Periklis Panagopoulos, Garyfalia Poulakou, Konstantinos N Syrigos, Nikolaos V Sipsas","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2706849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2026.2706849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the burden and severe outcomes among patients hospitalised for influenza to those hospitalised for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Greece.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in four hospitals from November 2024 to May 2025. Main outcomes were length of stay (LOS) and severe outcomes (admission to intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, in-hospital death). The associations between LOS and adverse outcomes with COVID-19 or influenza were estimated with multivariable negative binomial and logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We studied 621 patients [mean age: 75.6 years; 564 (90.8%) with at least one comorbidity], of whom 43 (6.9%) died. In total, 358 patients were admitted for COVID-19 and 263 for influenza. Influenza patients had a mean LOS of 10.7 days compared with 7.5 days among COVID-19 patients (<i>p</i>-value <0.001), while severe outcomes were similar across the two groups. Adjusted models yielded similar findings, with influenza patients having significantly longer LOS [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.10] compared with COVID-19 patients, and no difference in the odds of experiencing any severe outcome [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.10; 95% CI: 0.88-5.04]. Pneumonia was associated with increased odds for any severe outcome (aOR: 7.55; 95% CI: 1.10-52.33) and longer LOS (IRR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.39-3.15) overall and within diagnostic subgroups. Among COVID-19 patients, those with ≥1 COVID-19 vaccine dose had reduced odds for experiencing any severe outcome (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15-0.96) compared with unvaccinated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In 2024-2025, influenza patients had significantly longer LOS than COVID-19 patients, while severe outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of urosepsis among admitted patients with urinary tract infections in Danish Emergency Departments: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Nicolai Heise Østergaard, Kaspar Rosbach, Annmarie Touborg Lassen, Christian Backer Mogensen, Helene Skjøt-Arkil, Flemming Schønning Rosenvinge, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Lone Wulff Madsen","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2698672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2026.2698672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Urosepsis is a potential life-threatening complication of urinary tract infections (UTI). This study aimed to determine the incidence rate (IR) of patients hospitalised with urosepsis in the Region of Southern Denmark and identify risk factors associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death within (DW) 30 days among patients admitted with UTI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Register-based retrospective multicentre cohort study including all adults hospitalised with UTI or urosepsis in five emergency departments in the Region of Southern Denmark from January 2016 to March 2018. Demographics, microbiological findings, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with a predefined composite outcome of ICU admission or DW 30 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 478 urosepsis and 1,823 UTI cases were recorded, corresponding to IRs of 2.2 and 8.5 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. IR increased significantly with age. Urosepsis patients had a median age of 77 years and were primarily men (68.4%). The dominant pathogen was <i>E. coli</i>. 7-day and 30-day mortality among urosepsis patients were 3.3% and 9.4%, respectively. The composite outcome occurred more frequently in the urosepsis subgroup (13.6% vs. 7.7%). Risk factors included age >70 years (OR 2.19), urosepsis diagnosis (OR 1.74), elevated creatinine (OR 1.60), Charlson Comorbidity Index and increasing quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Urosepsis incidence was low but increased significantly with age and was more frequent in men. 30-day mortality was 9.4%. Several risk factors were identified, which may help identify patients at increased risk of severe outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148414028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is achieved when simvastatin is supplied before infection and causes membrane reorganisation.","authors":"Marianela Patzi-Churqui, Ainsley Huang, Sven-Göran Eriksson, Kristina Nyström, Ingela Parmryd","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2695417","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2026.2695417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the need for a larger pallet of antivirals. Ideally cheap, safe, widely available, easy to administer and resistant to virus mutation. Statins meet these criteria and repurposing statins, which inhibit cholesterol synthesis, is appealing since enveloped viruses need to cross the cholesterol-rich plasma membrane both upon cell infection and egress of new virus particles.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether, when and how simvastatin has antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection and how simvastatin treatment affects the organisation of the plasma membrane.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Calu-3 and Vero cells were infected with the D614G and BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 virus strains. Infection, binding and internalisation was assessed using RT-qPCR. Membrane order was assessed by live cell fluorescence microscopy and ACE2 distribution by immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Simvastatin reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection in Calu-3 and Vero cells in a dose-dependent manner at clinically relevant concentrations in a virus strain independent manner. Importantly, simvastatin pre-treatment was necessary for the antiviral effect. Simvastatin treatment reduced the membrane order, i.e. the lipid packing, of the plasma membrane and resulted in a higher intracellular presence of ACE2. The membrane organisation changes neither affected virus binding at 4 °C nor internalisation of the pre-bound virus particles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pre-treatment is essential for the antiviral effect of simvastatin and is accompanied by a rearrangement of the plasma membrane with reduced lipid packing and altered ACE2 distribution. Our results suggest that simvastatin could be effective when taken prophylactically and may be effective when used early in the course of COVID-19 disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}