Infectious diseases (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"Long-term health outcomes following hospitalisation for COVID-19: a 30- month cohort analysis.","authors":"Sarah Tubiana, Maryam Rontani, Philippe Herlemont, Rosemary Dray-Spira, Mahmoud Zureik, Alain Weill, Xavier Duval, Charles Burdet","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2452862","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2452862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Increased risks of death and hospitalisation for organ disorders after discharge for COVID-19 hospitalisation have been reported but their persistence is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nationwide cohort study using the French claims database; subjects hospitalised for COVID-19 between 2020/01/01 and 2020/08/30 were followed up to 30-months and matched to controls from the general population (GP) not hospitalised for COVID-19 during this period. Outcomes were all-cause mortality and organ disorders-related hospitalisation identified using ICD-10 codes. Cumulative incidences were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated such as the adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio on 6-month periods during the follow-up using Cox regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>63,990 COVID-19 subjects (mean age (SD) 65 years (18), 53.1% male) were matched to 319,891 controls. The weighted cumulative incidences of all-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalisation were 5,218/10⁵ person-years (PY) [95%CI 5,127; 5,305] and 16,334/10⁵ PY [16,162; 16,664] among COVID-19 subjects and 4,013/10⁵ [3,960; 4,047] and 12,095/10⁵ PY [12,024; 12,197] among controls, respectively. COVID-19 subjects were more likely to be hospitalised for cardiovascular (IRR 1.22 [1.15; 1.29]), psychiatric (IRR 1.41 [1.29; 1.53]), neurological (IRR 1.50 [1.41; 1.61]), and respiratory events (IRR 1.99 [1.87; 2.12]). The excess risk strongly decreased after the first 6 months for all outcomes but remained significantly increased up to 30-month for neurological, respiratory disorders, chronic renal failure and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 hospitalised subjects were at increased risk of death or hospitalisation for various organ disorders up to 30 months after discharge, reflecting the multi-organ consequences of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"433-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV mortality trends among the United States population, from 1999-2023: a CDC wonder database study.","authors":"Abuoma Cherry Ekpendu, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Afsana Ansari Shaik, Muhammad Zain Khalid, Maria Duharte, Luis Duharte-Vidaurre, Moustafa Hegazi, Chad K Brands","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2477700","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2477700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the progress made in managing HIV, the mortality trends among general population in the US remains understudied. Our aim is to analyse the trends in HIV-related mortality among US residents by demographic characteristics and association with social vulnerability index (SVI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We abstracted national mortality data from the multiple cause of death files in the CDC WONDER database. The ICD-10 Codes (B20-B24) were used to identify HIV deaths among US population from 1999 to 2023. Trends in age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) were assessed using Joinpoint regression analysis. For 10-year increment age-groups, crude mortality rates were reported. Results were expressed as annual percentage changes (APC), average annual percentage changes (AAPC), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). SVI was obtained from CDC for each county.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1999 and 2023, a total of 271,932 HIV-infected patients died within the US (AAMR= 3.4 per 100,000; 95% CI: 3.3-3.5). Overall mortality trends decreased at an annual rate of -4.34% (95% CI: -5.25, -3.41) from 1999 through 2023 in the whole population. Specifically, the trends are higher among males age groups 45-54 years (overall rising in age 65 and above), African Americans, South Region and Large metropolitan areas. States in the top 90th percentile included District of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Louisiana, New York, and Georgia. Union county followed by Miami-Dade are highly affected within Florida State which ranks second after District of Columbia. SVI was independently associated with HIV mortality with strong association throughout the United States counties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HIV mortality among US population has decreased overall from 1999 to 2023, but with varying trends by race and ethnicity. This highlights the need for enhanced public health surveillance to better understand the scope of HIV mortality and identify high-risk demographic and regional subgroups for targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"444-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated risk factors in adult outpatients: comment.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2473497","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2473497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"475-476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated risk factors in adult outpatients from Western Romania, January to March 2023: a seroepidemiological assessment after three years of COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Tudor Rares Olariu, Sorin Ursoniu, Alina Cristiana Craciun, Victor Dumitrascu, Daliborca Cristina Vlad, Alexander Tudor Olariu, Alin Gabriel Mihu, Maria Alina Lupu","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2464864","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2464864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be assessed using serologic tests to determine the presence of specific antibodies. This study evaluated the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies and the potential risk factors associated to seroprevalence in adult outpatients from Western Romania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated 2089 consecutive adult outpatients for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies, by using the Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Study participants were residents of Timis County, Western Romania, who presented for routine laboratory investigations at the Municipal and County Clinical Emergency Hospitals Outpatient Clinics between 17 January 2023 - 14 March 2023. Participants completed an epidemiological questionnaire, including their medical history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 88.37% (1846/2089) and was not significantly associated with gender and area of residence. Of 1846 study participants with detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, 904 (48.97%) reported no SARS-CoV-2 infection before the collection date, indicating that these individuals didn't know that they were previously infected. Of the 992 adult outpatients with history of COVID-19, 50 (5.04%) had no detectable SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies. Results of the serologic tests and responses to the questionnaire revealed that 1896 (90.76%) of the 2089 participants were infected with SARS-CoV-2. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was associated with age, associated cancer disease, smoking status, number of COVID-19 vaccine doses received and number of previously diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Overall, no significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was observed between healthy participants (89.23%, 853/956) compared to adult outpatients with associated chronic diseases (87.64%, 993/1133) (<i>p</i> = 0.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence of the high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. After three years of COVID-19 pandemic, 9 in 10 Romanian adults were previously infected, before or after vaccination, with the highest rates of infection in unvaccinated individuals and the lowest among vaccinated persons with a booster. Our results confirm that vaccination remains a highly effective measure to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"464-474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental contamination of <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> eggs and its impact on transmission control in rural northeast Thailand.","authors":"Krissada Namboonrueng, Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Somchai Pinlaor, Umawadee Laothong, Sutas Suttiprapa, Apiporn T Suwannatrai, Suksanti Prakobwong","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2443010","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2443010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Environmental contamination with <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> eggs significantly impacts on opisthorchiasis transmission and disease control. This study assessed <i>O. viverrini</i> egg contamination in underwater sediments from canals and aimed to reduce <i>O. viverrini</i> transmission in egg-positive and downstream communities by controlling human opisthorchiasis in endemic area of Northeast Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sediment samples from 14 sites in UdonThani municipality were determined for <i>O. viverrini</i> eggs. Human fecal samples and fish were examined for opisthorchiasis and metacercaria infection, respectively. Water samples were analysed for faecal coliforms bacteria. From 2017 to 2023, transmission control efforts were evaluated by monitoring changes in human and fish infection rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2017 and 2018, <i>O. viverrini</i> eggs were found in canal sediments at 153 and 86 eggs/liter, respectively. Human opisthorchiasis prevalence was 5.3%, with cyprinoid fish showing a 25.0% infection rate (11.6 cysts/infected fish) and significant fecal contamination (>5,500 CFU/100 ml). Conversely, egg-negative sites showed a 0.5% human infection rate and no metacercariae were found. After health interventions (2019 to 2023), <i>O. viverrini</i> eggs were not detected in sediments from canals, resulting in a significant reduction in human opisthorchiasis prevalence to 0.9% at the previously egg-positive site and from 12.2% to 1.7% in downstream communities (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, the prevalence of metacercariae in cyprinoid fish decreased from 11.4% (7.6 cysts/infected fish) to 4.5% (2.4 cysts/infected fish), indicating reduced transmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of <i>O. viverrini</i> eggs in sediment was associated to human opisthorchiasis transmission and demonstrated the significant effectiveness of health interventions in controlling the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"397-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Southeast Asia's displacement crisis: a crucible for emerging infections.","authors":"Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Francesco Branda, Mattia Albanese, Fabio Scarpa, Krishna Prasad Acharya, Dong Keon Yon, Massimo Ciccozzi","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2473509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2473509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"479-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertebral osteomyelitis: a comparative, single-center study in northwestern China.","authors":"Xue Yu, Guo Rao, Yuxin Zhang, Zhaohua Liu, Jun Cai, Xiaoyun Wang, Aixin Yang, Tao He, Guofen Zeng, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2438826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2438826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is an infection of the spine with increasing prevalence due to improved diagnostics and aging populations. Multiple pathogens, including <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, <i>Brucella</i> spp., and pyogenic bacteria, can cause VO, making differential diagnosis complex, especially in regions with endemic brucellosis and tuberculosis. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study performed between 2019 and 2022 in Kashi, Xinjiang.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a total of 319 patients were enrolled, comprising 45.5% with tuberculous vertebral osteomyelitis (TVO; 52.4% females), 37.9% with brucellar vertebral osteomyelitis (BVO; 19.8% females), and 16.6% with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO; 52.8% females). Demographically, TVO had a longer mean time to diagnosis compared to BVO and PVO. BVO was more prevalent in male, and PVO patients had higher rates of spinal surgery history (45.3%) and diabetes (13.2%). Clinically, TVO patients presented with fever (72.4%), sweating (83.4%), weight loss (71.7%), and appetite loss (84.8%) more frequently, while BVO patients reported more lower back pain (86.0%). Laboratory investigations revealed significantly higher leucocyte and neutrophil levels in PVO, whereas TVO patients had elevated monocyte-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios. Radiologically, TVO patients exhibited a higher incidence of thoracic involvement (56.6%) and skip lesions (20%). Microbiologically, BVO and PVO had high positive culture rates (84.3 and 84.9%, respectively), with <i>M. tuberculosis</i> isolated from only 4.1% of TVO patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the distinct clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of TVO, BVO, and PVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"385-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infective endocarditis caused by <i>Gemella</i> - a retrospective registry-based study.","authors":"Alla Popova, Ulrika Snygg-Martin, Magnus Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2450604","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2450604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Infective endocarditis (IE) is diagnosed using the Duke criteria, which were updated in 2023. In the Duke-ISCVID 2023 criteria, <i>Gemella</i> was recognised as a typical IE pathogen. This study investigates the impact of this change and compares the clinical characteristics of <i>Gemella</i> IE to IE caused by other pathogens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on IE caused by <i>Gemella</i> species and other pathogens was retrieved from the Swedish Registry of Infective Endocarditis (SRIE). Clinical characteristics of <i>Gemella</i> IE were compared to episodes of IE caused by non-beta haemolytic streptococci, by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and by enterococci.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the SRIE, 29 episodes of <i>Gemella</i> IE were identified among a total of 7677 registered episodes, corresponding to 0.4% of all cases. The most common species were <i>Gemella morbillorum</i> (47%) and <i>Gemella bergerii</i> (27%). The proportion of episodes meeting the criteria for definite IE increased from 13 (45%) with the modified Duke criteria to 21 (72%) with the Duke-ISCVID criteria. Median age of patients with <i>Gemella</i> IE was 70 years, 40% were females and 90% hade native valve IE. One third of the patients underwent heart valve surgery and only one patient (3%) died. Many clinical aspects of IE caused by <i>Gemella</i> resembled those of IE caused by non-beta haemolytic streptococci.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>Gemella</i> IE is a rare condition and shares several characteristics with IE caused by non-beta haemolytic streptococci. The prognosis of IE caused by <i>Gemella</i> appears to be relatively favourable.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"428-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting persistent SARS-CoV-2 shedding in immunocompromised patients: a probability-based approach.","authors":"Euijin Chang, Jun-Won Kim, Choi-Young Jang, Ji Yeun Kim, Sung-Woon Kang, Seongman Bae, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Sung-Cheol Yun, Yang Soo Kim, Jeong-Sun Yang, Kyung-Chang Kim, Joo-Yeon Lee, Sung-Han Kim","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2446286","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2446286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although recommended isolation periods for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been shortened as the pandemic has subsided, prolonged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) shedding remains common in immunocompromised patients. This study estimated the probability of viral clearance in these patients based on elapsed days and specific risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively enrolled immunocompromised patients with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis from January 2022 to May 2023 during the Omicron variant era. We collected weekly respiratory specimens for viral load measurement and culture. We identified significant predictors of viral culture negative conversion through univariate and multivariate analyses and estimated viral clearance probabilities using a Cox time-varying proportional hazard model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 70 patients with serial 319 respiratory specimens with positive SARS-CoV-2 genomic polymerase chain reaction results that underwent cell culture, ∼69% (48) had haematologic malignancies and 31% (22) underwent solid organ transplants. B-cell depleting agents and viral copy number significantly influenced viral culture negative conversion. The probability of culture-negative conversion for immunocompromised patients not treated with B-cell-depleting agents increased over time, with over 90% achieving negative conversion by Day 84. Patients treated with B-cell depleting agents showed lower conversion rates. By Day 84, <90% of patients with cycle threshold values 23-28 [4.85-6.35 log copies/mL] achieved culture-negative conversion. The results indicate more prolonged shedding than in patients without B-cell depletion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Estimating SARS-CoV-2 clearance probabilities based on specific risk factors can guide individualised isolation decisions for immunocompromised patients, tailoring policies to each patient's delayed viral clearance risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"407-416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated risk factors in adult outpatients from Western Romania.","authors":"Tudor Rares Olariu, Sorin Ursoniu, Alin Gabriel Mihu, Maria Alina Lupu","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2476540","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2025.2476540","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"477-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}