Infectious diseases (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"HPV-16 E6 mutation and viral integration related host DNA methylation implicate the development and progression of cervical cancer.","authors":"Chenjun Huang, Xiao Xiao, Wenchao Ai, Honglian Huang, Xuewen Xu, Xiaoyan Zhou, Mengmeng Wang, Zeyu Zhang, Ying Wang, Gao Chunfang","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2391538","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2391538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HPV-16 infection and viral-host integration are the most important risk factors for cervical cancer (CC). The aim of this study is to develop a new molecular strategy integrated both the viral and host genome variations identifying and monitoring CC.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 312 methylation and 538 RNA-seq datasets were collected from public databases to identify differentially methylated and expressed genes. HPV associated virus integration sites (VISs) were analysed using the ViMIC database. From September 2020 to August 2021, the 70 HPV-16 positive cases retrospectively collected from multi-centre cohorts were subjected to HPV-16 E6 deep sequencing and PCR-based host gene (ASTN1, DLX1, ITGA4, RXFP3, SOX17, ZNF671) methylation detection. RNAseq and expression validation (NNF671) were performed in C-33A cell line harbouring HPV D32E. Lasso and logistic regression algorithm were used to construct the CC diagnostic model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive correlation was observed between the average methylation level of CC patients and their pathological features including tumour stage (<i>p</i> = 0.0077) and HPV subtype (<i>p</i> < 0.001). ZNF671 was identified as a CC-specific methylation marker, with an impressive 93% sensitivity. Both HPV-16 D32E mutation and integration of HPV-16 down-regulated the ZNF671 expression. Finally, a CC diagnostic nomogram was developed by integrating ZNF671 methylation level and HPV E6 mutation feature, yielding an exceptional AUC of 0.997 (95% CI: 0.934-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated HPV viral mutations are closely related to host gene epigenetic alterations in CC. Integration of the viral and host genetic information might be a new promising strategy for CC screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"66-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical suspicion and empirical treatment of infective endocarditis on hospital admission - a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Katarina Rosengren, Patrik Gilje, Magnus Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389480","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infective endocarditis (IE) is a challenging diagnosis to suspect and to confirm. The purpose of this study was to clarify how often IE is suspected already on hospital admission, which clinical signs trigger the physicians' suspicions and to investigate if the empirical treatment is adequate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study of cases with definitive IE, during 2018-2019 in Skåne Region, Sweden was performed. Cases were identified by ICD-codes for IE and medical records were reviewed to reveal if IE was suspected at hospital admission and if empirical treatment was adequate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 156 episodes with definitive IE, suspicion of IE arose on admission in 36 (23%) of the cases. A longer symptom duration, heart murmurs, male sex, and lower age were significantly more common in the group where IE was suspected. In the 118 cases where empirical antibiotic treatment was initiated, 98 (83%) got an adequate empirical treatment while in 16 (14%) of the cases the organism identified was resistant. IE-directed treatment was achieved significantly earlier in the suspicion group, median of 1 day, compared to a median of 2 days (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) when endocarditis was not initially suspected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IE is suspected already upon admission mainly in cases with a subacute presentation. Increased knowledge of IE with acute presentation could possibly result in earlier diagnosis and correct IE-directed treatment. The clinical impact of this is uncertain since most cases still were treated with adequate empirical antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nationwide study of two decades of invasive pneumococcal disease in the Faroe Islands, 2000-2023.","authors":"Arnfinnur Kallsberg, Hans-Christian Slotved, Shahin Gaini, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2440033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2024.2440033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly. This study focuses on the Faroe Islands, a unique setting for monitoring pneumococcal disease trends due to its high vaccination coverage and geographic isolation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the prevalence, trends and serotype distribution of IPD in the Faroe Islands from 2000 to 2023, focusing on the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on disease incidence and serotype replacement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-six pneumococcal isolates, representing all registered cases of IPD in the Faroe Islands, were analysed during the study period. Data on patient demographics, serotype identification and vaccination history were collected from national health records. Temporal trends in vaccine-type (VT) and non-vaccine-type (nVT) serotypes were analysed, particularly following the introduction of PCV13 in 2010.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the introduction of PCV13, a shift from VT to nVT serotypes was observed, while the overall IPD rate remained stable. Notably, there was an increase in IPD cases among the elderly population. The analysis indicated that serotype replacement contributed to a rise in nVT cases despite reducing VT-related IPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings emphasise the need for ongoing evaluation of pneumococcal vaccine formulations and alternative strategies to address the increasing prevalence of nVT IPD. Higher-valency vaccines and sustained vaccination coverage are critical to mitigating the impact of serotype replacement and improving public health outcomes in the Faroe Islands.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with hospitalization and mortality in adult and pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in Central India.","authors":"Ole Magnus Bjørgaas Helle, Mala Kanthali, Erlend Grønningen, Shoaib Hassan, Manju Raj Purohit, Tehmina Mustafa","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389334","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comorbidities complicate the management of tuberculosis (TB) and have become an essential part of the end TB strategy to eradicate TB. However, pulmonary TB has received the most attention, and little is known about the impact of comorbidities and other factors on outcomes in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our aim was to analyze the factors associated with hospitalization and mortality in EPTB at a hospital in Central India, using non-TB patients with similar clinical presentations as a comparison.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with presumptive EPTB were prospectively enrolled and followed up until the end of treatment or for at least 6 months. Detailed demographic and clinical information was collected for all participants, and patients were categorized as TB or non-TB using a composite reference standard. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of various clinical findings and risk factors on hospitalization and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 276 patients were categorized as TB cases and 175 as non-TB cases. Factors associated with hospitalization in children were younger age and non-adenitis site of disease. In adults, factors associated with mortality were older age, non-adenitis site of disease and HIV infection regardless of TB diagnosis, while diabetes mellitus increased the odds of mortality in EPTB patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show that comorbidities increase the odds of death in both TB and non-TB patients in low-resource settings. This argues for a shift away from the traditional vertical management of diseases in these areas and supports a continued focus on building robust healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1080-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical usefulness of urine Gram stain for diagnosing urinary tract infections at the emergency department.","authors":"Stephanie J M Middelkoop, Anoek A E de Joode, L Joost van Pelt, Greetje A Kampinga, Jan C Ter Maaten, Coen A Stegeman","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389478","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2389478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a frequent challenge at the emergency department (ED). The clinical usefulness of the urine Gram stain (GS) is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We studied the GS performance to clarify its clinical utility at the ED.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urine dipstick (UD), automated urinalysis (UF-1000<i>i</i>), GS and urine culture (UC) were performed in a cohort of consecutive adults presenting at the ED suspected of a UTI. GS performance was assessed and compared to UD and UF-1000<i>i.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A UTI diagnosis was established in 487/1358 (35.9%) episodes. Sensitivity and specificity for 'many' GS leucocytes was 33.7% and 95.4%; for 'many' GS bacteria 51.3% and 91.0%. GS diagnostic performance by ROC analysis was 0.796 for leucocytes and 0.823 for bacteria. GS bacteria performed better than UD nitrite comparable to UF-1000<i>i</i> bacteria. GS leucocytes underperformed compared to UD leucocyte esterase and UF-1000<i>i</i> leucocytes. UC was positive in 455 episodes. GS correctly predicted urine culture of gram-negative rods (PPV 84.6%). Prediction was poor for gram-positive bacteria (PPV 38.4% (cocci), 1.0% (rods)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the exception of a moderate prediction of gram-negative bacteria in the UC, urine GS does not improve UTI diagnosis at the ED compared to other urine parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1093-1101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration from start of antibiotic exposure to onset of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection for different antibiotics in a non-outbreak setting.","authors":"Johan Karp, Jon Edman-Wallér, Gunnar Jacobsson","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2375602","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2375602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotic treatment is a well-known risk factor for <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI). The time from start of antibiotic exposure to onset of CDI for different antibiotics is sparsely studied. CDI with onset in the community is often treatable without in-hospital care while CDI patients treated in hospital need isolation, resulting in higher costs and infection control measures.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the time from start of antibiotic exposure to onset of healthcare facility-associated CDI for different antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Time between antibiotic exposure and disease onset was evaluated retrospectively with chart reading in a two-centre Swedish setting. A case was attributed to an antibiotic group if this represented more than 2/3 of total antibiotic exposure 30 days before onset of CDI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cephalosporins caused CDI faster (mean 7.6 days), and more often during ongoing antibiotic therapy (81% of the cases) than any other antibiotic group. All other common agents had between 2-3 times longer period between start of exposure to onset of CDI (quinolones more than 3 times).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The time gap between antibiotic exposure and onset of CDI is markedly different between different antibiotics. Decreased cephalosporin use could delay onset of healthcare facility-associated CDI and limit infections with onset within the hospital. This might decrease costs for inpatient care, need of infection control measures and shortage of beds in the hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1049-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of eleven SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays and neutralisation data: time to enhance standardisation and correlation of protection.","authors":"Jorge-Julio Cabrera-Alvargonzalez, Carlos Davina-Nunez, Sonia Rey-Cao, Leticia Rodriguez Calviño, Sergio Silva-Bea, Elena Gonzalez-Alonso, Raquel Carballo-Fernandez, Carmen Lameiro Vilariño, Sandra Cortizo-Vidal, Pilar Valiño-Prieto, Miriam Rodriguez-Perez, Sonia Pérez Castro, Isabel López Miragaya, Arturo Fernández-Nogueira, Victor Del Campo-Perez, Benito Regueiro-Garcia","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2382263","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2382263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To infer a reliable SARS-CoV-2 antibody protection level from a serological test, an appropriate quantitative threshold and solid equivalence across serological tests are needed. Additionally, tests should show a solid correlation with neutralising assays and with the protection observed in large population cohorts even against emerging variants.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We studied convalescent and vaccinated populations using 11 commercial antibody assays. Results were compared to evaluate discrepancies across tests. Neutralisation capacity was measured in a subset of the samples with a lentiviral-based assay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum from convalescent (<i>n</i> = 121) and vaccinated individuals (<i>n</i> = 471, 260 with Comirnaty, 110 with Spikevax, and 96 with Vaxzevria) was assessed using 11 different assays, including two from Abbott, Euroimmun, Liaison, Roche, and Vircell, and one from Siemens. A spike protein-lentiviral vector with a fluorescent reporter was used for neutralisation assay of serum from convalescent (<i>n</i> = 26) and vaccinated (<i>n</i> = 39) individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Positivity ranged between 81.3 and 94.3% after infection and 99.4 and 99.7% after vaccination, depending on the assay. Both cohorts showed a high level of qualitative agreement across tests (Fleiss' kappa = 0.598 and 0.719 for convalescent and vaccinated respectively). Spikevax vaccine recipients showed the highest level of antibodies in all tests. Effectiveness of each test predicting SARS-CoV-2 neutralising capacity depended on assay type and target, with CLIA and anti-S being more effective than ELISA and anti-N assays, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-throughput immunoassays are good predictors of neutralising capacity. Updated targets and better standardisation would be required to find an effective correlate of protection, especially to account for antibodies against new variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1067-1079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of antibiotic therapy in patients with respiratory viral infections: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"M J Hovind, J E Berdal, O Dalgard, M N Lyngbakken","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2375592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2375592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The impact of antibiotics in patients with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for respiratory viruses without evidence of a respiratory bacterial co-infection is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the association of antibiotics on 30-day mortality and length of hospital stay in patients with an acute respiratory infection and PCR documented presence of respiratory viruses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to hospital between 2012 and 2021 with positive PCR for influenza virus (H3N2, H1N1, influenza B), respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We used logistic regression, the Kaplan-Meier estimator and Poisson's regression to assess the impact of antibiotic therapy on outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3979 patients, 67.7% received antibiotics. In adjusted analyses, antibiotics initiated in the emergency department (adjusted OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.77-1.96) and days of antibiotic therapy (adjusted OR per day of therapy 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.00) had no significant impact on mortality, whereas antibiotics initiated later during admission (adjusted OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.26-4.02) was associated with increased mortality. Patients prescribed antibiotics had longer duration of hospital admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed no protective association between in-hospital antibiotic therapy and outcomes, suggesting overuse of antibiotics in respiratory infections with proven respiratory viruses. A restrictive antibiotic strategy may be warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1031-1039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention is better than cure: immunocompromised people need COVID-19 prevention therapies now.","authors":"Antonio Pagliuca, Sundeep Kaul, Carl S Goodyear, Lennard Lee","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2405210","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2405210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunocompromised people are facing ongoing inequality in health outcomes because of COVID-19. Let's remain ambitious and improve availability and access to COVID-19 prevention therapies that protect patients and aid management. This article brings together opinions from four experts based in the United Kingdom who specialise in immunology, solid organ transplantation, respiratory medicine and critical care, oncology and haematology. In this article, they communicate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on vulnerable patients with underlying conditions and the need for immediate policies to protect vulnerable people from COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1107-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational feasibility and multi-centric evaluation of 'TB<i>Detect</i> sputum microscopy kit' for the direct detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in field settings.","authors":"Keerti Chauhan, Rakesh Kumar Gupta, Divya Anthwal, Nikita Panwalkar, Prabha Desikan, Manpreet Bhalla, Ritu Singhal, Vithal Prasad Myneedu, Khalid Umar Khayyam, Siva Kumar Shanmugam, K Silambu Chelvi, A Radhakrishnan, Padmapriyadarsini Chandrasekaran, Sidhartha Giri, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Dasarathi Das, Sanghamitra Pati, Abhinav Goyal, Ashawant Gupta, Nalini Kant Gupta, Manjula Singh, Jaya Sivaswami Tyagi, Sagarika Haldar","doi":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2375599","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23744235.2024.2375599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India relies primarily on direct smear microscopy for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. However, the low sensitivity of smear microscopy emphasizes the need to improve its performance. We recently described the development of 'TB<i>Detect</i>' kit which showed improved performance over direct smear microscopy at National Reference Laboratories (NRLs) in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was aimed to assess the operational feasibility of 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy in field settings. This was evaluated by (i) assessing the performance of 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy <i>vs.</i> LED-fluorescence microscopy (LED-FM) on consecutive presumptive pulmonary TB patients (<i>n</i> = 5300) who attended Designated Microscopy Centres (DMCs, <i>n</i> = 13) under 4 NRLs at Bhubaneswar, Bhopal, Chennai, and New Delhi, and (ii) obtaining feedback from Scientists (<i>n</i> = 10) and laboratory technicians (<i>n</i> = 42) using semi-structured questionnaires under the following parameters: feasibility of initiation of 'TB<i>Detect'</i> microscopy in DMCs, sample preparation and testing, training, time-to-result, logistics, and troubleshooting. A scoring questionnaire was also used to assess 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy <i>vs</i>. LED-FM and statistical significance of the scores was calculated using paired <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall positivity of 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy was 10.32% (547/5300) <i>vs.</i> 8.96% (475/5300) of LED-FM at all sites and the increment in positivity was significant (<i>p</i> = 0.019). In addition, 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy yielded an increment in smear grade status over LED-FM (<i>p</i> = 0.043). The feedback from the study-in-charge and kit users indicated that 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy was easily adapted in point-of-care settings. An analysis of scoring feedback suggested that it was easy to perform and observe in comparison to LED-FM (<i>p</i> < 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study established the feasibility of 'TB<i>Detect</i>' microscopy in field settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":73372,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"1040-1048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}