Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)最新文献

{"title":"Functional coupling of the lateral prefrontal cortex and the default mode network predicts performance in mental rotation.","authors":"Radek Ptak, Naz Doganci, Emilie Marti, Sélim Yahia Coll","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.112","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental transformations, such as mental rotation, rely on motor representations and engage neural processes similarly to physical actions. Neuroimaging studies reveal that mental rotation activates the occipito-parietal cortex and motor-related areas, with differences based on whether stimuli are bodily or non-bodily. These findings emphasize the role of frontoparietal networks in mental rotation, similar to those used in motor planning. This study investigated whether resting-state functional connectivity of the left lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), a region linked to motor planning, and other functional brain networks predicts mental rotation performance. Fifty-nine healthy individuals underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to capture resting-state blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activity and completed mental rotation tasks using bodily (hands) and non-bodily (letters) stimuli. Performance in both mental rotation tasks exhibited the expected peak of difficulty with completely inverted stimuli, which require a mental transformation of 180 degrees. At the functional level, mental rotation error rates correlated with lPFC connectivity to the default mode network (DMN). However, this relationship was negative and much stronger for the hands task, indicating that lPFC-DMN interactions were associated with poorer mental rotation performance. These results indicate that effective mental rotation relies on the functional disconnection of the DMN from motor planning networks. The findings highlight the significance of studying resting-state functional connectivity to understand how brain networks contribute to cognitive functions and how their interactions can enhance or impair performance. This work advances our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying mental rotation, emphasizing the interplay between motor cognition and resting-state dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution fMRI reveals a dorsal brain pathway selective for conspecific vocalizations in macaques.","authors":"Mathilda Froesel, Koh Ikuchi, Qi Zhu, Haiyan Wang, Marc Hauser, Suliann Ben Hamed, Wim Vanduffel","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.108","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the neural basis of social communication and vocal perception in primates is a key challenge in systems neuroscience. Vocalizations are fundamental for communication, and several cortical areas, known as \"voice patches,\" have been identified as being sensitive to conspecific vocalizations in primates, vital for distinguishing species-specific calls. While the dorsal stream's role in complex auditory-motor functions and human speech processing is established, its specific contribution to processing species-specific vocalizations in non-human primates remains unclear. Using high-resolution fMRI (0.6 mm isotropic voxels), we investigated brain regions involved in processing vocalizations in awake rhesus monkeys exposed to coos, screams, and aggressive calls, among control sounds. Our analyses revealed a widespread network involved in vocalization processing, encompassing auditory-associated areas including the core and belt auditory cortices, as well as premotor, and somatosensory-related areas. Moreover, we found selective activation in the caudal part of the lateral sulcus (area Tpt) and the dorsal premotor cortex (area 6DR/F2) in response to vocalizations. Also, the population responses in these areas could discriminate between different vocalizations. Our results enhance our understanding of the neural basis of vocal communication in primates. Specifically, they highlight the involvement of a voice-related dorsal network in macaques, including Tpt and part of 6DR/F2, in processing the acoustic features of salient vocal stimuli, potentially linking them to motor representations. These findings provide insights into potential evolutionary precursors of auditory-motor pathways that support complex auditory communication systems in primates, including human speech.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-state functional connectivity of the marmoset claustrum.","authors":"Erin J Holzscherer, Alessandro Zanini, Chun Yin Liu, Stefan Everling, David A Seminowicz","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.109","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The common marmoset (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>) has been recently developed as a nonhuman primate model useful for studying behaviour, neurology, and higher-level cognitive processes considering their phylogenetic proximity to humans. Here, we investigated the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the marmoset claustrum, a small, highly connected subcortical structure. Using an open resource of 234 functional MRI scans from awake marmosets, we found claustrum connectivity to the prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, temporal cortices, cingulate cortex, sensory cortices, limbic areas, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. We also found strong functional connectivity to regions and hubs involved in marmoset resting-state networks. These findings demonstrate marmoset claustrum RSFC similar to previous human and non-human primate studies and validate the integration of marmosets into claustrum research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional connectivity heterogeneity and consequences for clinical and cognitive prediction: Stage 2 registered report.","authors":"Matthew Mattoni, David V Smith, Jason Chein, Thomas M Olino","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.107","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional connectivity is frequently used to assess dynamic brain functioning and predict individual differences in behavioral outcomes, such as psychopathology. Inferences from functional connectivity analyses typically rely on group-averaged model statistics. However, heterogeneity between individuals may lead to group-level models that poorly reflect each individual. Poor individual-level precision may limit the ability to make individual-level predictions, which is necessary for key goals such as clinical translation. This registered report examined between-person heterogeneity in resting-state functional connectivity strength patterns by assessing similarity between group- and individual-level connectivity models in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Using intraclass correlation coefficients, we found that a group-averaged region-of-interest-based connectivity model was a poor reflection of every individual. In contrast, a group-averaged model of between- and within-network connectivity was a good representation of most individuals. We then examined how individual-level distinctness from the group moderated predictive performance of several clinical and neurocognitive scales. Hypotheses that group-to-individual dissimilarity would worsen behavioral prediction were not supported with primary clinical outcomes. The little psychopathology reported in this sample was a notable limitation. In contrast, lower similarity to the group worsened prediction of performance on the pattern comparison test, providing minor support for hypotheses. Overall, results suggest that region-of-interest-based functional connectivity networks are highly heterogeneous and group-based models are inappropriate for individual-level inferences, but that network-based connectivity is largely similar across individuals. Additionally, we provide minor evidence of the impacts of heterogeneity on prediction that future studies should build on.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dependence of CO₂ cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) on caffeine.","authors":"Dinil Sasi Sankaralayam, Cuimei Xu, Zhiyi Hu, Abhay Moghekar, Dengrong Jiang, Chen Hu, Peiying Liu, Hanzhang Lu","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.103","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) represents an important marker of brain vascular health, particularly in the context of small and large vessel diseases. However, an undesired feature of this measure is that there exist large variations in CVR values across individuals, which is mainly attributed to physiological factors. Here, we test the hypothesis that caffeine, a widely consumed neurostimulant, has a significant effect on CVR measured with MRI. Sixteen young healthy participants were enrolled and categorized into caffeine-naive (N = 8) and caffeine-habituated (N = 8) groups based on their caffeine consumption habits. CVR was assessed via CO₂ inhalation using two different MRI methods, phase-contrast (PC) cerebral blood flow (CBF), and T2*-EPI Blood-Oxygenation-Level-Dependent (BOLD)-MRI. Each participant underwent two MRI sessions, one before and the other after an oral administration of 200 mg of caffeine. Additionally, venous oxygenation (Y_v) was measured using T₂-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging (TRUST) MRI. For basal physiological parameters, a significant caffeine-induced CBF decrease was observed in both naive (p = 0.002) and habituated (p < 0.001) groups. The caffeine-naive group exhibited a 31.2 ± 14.1% reduction in basal CBF, whereas the caffeine-habituated group showed a 16.7 ± 5.0% reduction, revealing significant differences between groups (p = 0.04). A similar observation was seen in basal Y_v, with caffeine-naive participants showing a greater (p = 0.02) reduction (21.5 ± 8.9%) than the habituated participants (7.6 ± 10.1%). CBF-CVR decreased significantly in both groups: from 4.5 ± 0.9 to 3.0 ± 0.9 %CBF/mmHg of CO₂ (33.3 ± 14.1%, p < 0.001) in the caffeine-naive group, and from 5.1 ± 1.5 to 3.7 ± 1.3 %CBF/mmHg of CO₂ (27.3 ± 16.0%, p = 0.009) in the caffeine-habituated group. No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of the extent of CVR reduction (p = 0.23). BOLD-CVR showed modest reduction after caffeine administration, from 0.17 ± 0.04 %/mmHg to 0.15 ± 0.05 %/mmHg (14.1 ± 16.8%, p = 0.02). There was no difference between the participant groups in terms of BOLD-CVR reduction following caffeine consumption. This study suggests that investigations using CVR as a disease marker may benefit from accounting for the caffeine consumption and/or its blood concentration in the participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise MRI-histology coregistration of paraffin-embedded tissue with blockface imaging.","authors":"Yixin Wang, William Ho, Istvan N Huszar, Phillip DiGiacomo, Hossein Moein Taghavi, Lee Tao, Matthew Choi, Nhu Nguyen, Samantha Leventis, David B Camarillo, Philipp Schlömer, Markus Axer, Wei Shao, Mirabela Rusu, Inma Cobos, Jeff Nirschl, Marios Georgiadis, Michael Zeineh","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.106","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides 3D spatial information on tissue, yet it lacks at the molecular level. In contrast, histology provides cellular and molecular information, but it lacks the 3D spatial context and direct <i>in vivo</i> translation. Coregistering the two is key for the 3D embedding of histological details, validating pathological MRI findings, and identifying quantitative imaging biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. However, coregistration is challenging due to non-linear distortions of the tissue from histological processing and sectioning leading to microscopic and macroscopic nonlinear 3D deformations between specimen MRI and stained histology sections. To address this, we developed a novel pipeline, named Brewster's Blockface Quantification (BBQ), integrating robust optical approaches with innovative 2D and 3D registration algorithms to achieve precise volumetric alignment of specimen MRI data with histological images. On a variety of brain tissue specimens from distinct anatomical regions and across multiple species, our methodology generated blockface volumes with minimal distortion and artifacts. Using these blockface volumes as an intermediary, we achieve a precise alignment between MRI and histology slides, yielding registration results with an overlapping Dice score of ~90% for whole tissue alignment between MRI and blockface volumes, and >95% for 2D MRI-histology registration. This correlative MRI-histology pipeline with robust 2D and 3D coregistration methods promises to enhance our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and aid the development of MRI-based disease biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reliability of bilateral cerebral laterality for word generation: Who is left in the middle?","authors":"Robin Gerrits, Guy Vingerhoets","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.102","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although word production is considered a strongly left hemispheric lateralized function, its cerebral asymmetry varies among individuals. The most popular way of determining hemisphere dominance is to calculate a laterality index (LI) by comparing brain activity between the two hemispheres. Large LIs can readily be classified as left or right dominant, but there is no consensus on how to treat bilateral LIs indicating (near) symmetrical activity. The problem with interpreting very small LIs is perpetuated by a lack of reliability, stemming from the challenge of systematically investigating these uncommon cases (usually ≤ 10% of a sample). To address this gap, we performed two studies that investigated the reliability and across-methods generalizability of bilateral LIs obtained from functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCDS)-an ultrasound-based approach that measures cerebral blood flow velocity. In Study 1, we compared reproducibility of bilateral LIs (n=35) and clearly lateralized LIs (n=32) during a letter verbal fluency fTCDS task across two sessions. While left-lateralized classifications were highly replicable (97% reproduced), poorer reproducibility was observed for bilateral classifications (51% reproduced). In fact, dichotomous left-right categorization yielded more reliable outcomes than assigning participants with bilateral LIs to a separate category (80% reproduced). Study 2 assessed whether small fTCDS asymmetry extended to other instruments for determining cerebral laterality (visual half-field method and fMRI). Participants consistently classified as bilateral by fTCDS (n=18) also exhibited reduced group-level asymmetry in these other methods. Based on these results, we suggest that LIs reflect a combination of idiosyncratic cerebral asymmetry, state-dependent fluctuations, and measurement noise. Our findings also indicate that a subset of the population has a neural system for word production that is inherently weakly lateralized, although true hemispheric equivalence is likely extremely rare. Finally, we offer recommendations for classifying asymmetry in clinical and research contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The physiological component of the BOLD signal: Impact of age and heart rate variability biofeedback training.","authors":"Richard Song, Jungwon Min, Shiyu Wang, Sarah E Goodale, Kimberly Rogge-Obando, Ruoqi Yang, Hyun Joo Yoo, Kaoru Nashiro, Jingyuan E Chen, Mara Mather, Catie Chang","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.99","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is associated with declines in autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, impaired neurovascular coupling, and diminished cerebrovascular responsiveness-factors that may contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding how aging alters the integration of physiological signals in the brain is crucial for identifying potential interventions to promote brain health. This study examines age-related differences in coupling between low-frequency cardiac rate and respiratory volume fluctuations and the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, using two independent resting-state fMRI datasets with concurrent physiological recordings from younger and older adults. Our findings reveal significant age-related reductions in the percent variance of the BOLD signal explained by heart rate (HR), respiratory variation (RV), and end-tidal CO², particularly in regions involved in autonomic regulation, including the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, basal ganglia, and white matter. Cross-correlation analysis also revealed that younger adults exhibited stronger HR-BOLD coupling in white matter, as well as a more rapid BOLD response to RV and CO² in gray matter. Additionally, we investigated the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) training, a non-invasive intervention designed to modulate heart rate oscillations. The intervention modulated physiological-BOLD coupling in a manner dependent on both age and training condition: older adults who underwent HRV-BF to enhance HR oscillations exhibited a shift toward younger-like HR-BOLD coupling patterns. These findings suggest that HRV-BF may help mitigate age-related declines in autonomic or cerebrovascular function. Overall, this study underscores the role of physiological dynamics in brain aging and highlights the importance of considering autonomic function when interpreting BOLD signals. By demonstrating that HRV-BF can modulate physiological-BOLD interactions, our findings suggest a potential pathway for enhancing cerebrovascular function and preserving brain health across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational control of habits: A preregistered fMRI study.","authors":"Andreas B Eder, Vanessa Mitschke, Finja Leibold, David Dignath, Matthias Gamer","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.100","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Habitual action is typically distinguished from goal-directed action by its insensitivity to changes in reward value. There is an ongoing discussion whether this insensitivity is an intrinsic design feature of habits or, rather, a function of the cognitive system that controls these action tendencies. Our preregistered study investigated this issue using functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain activity before and after a reward devaluation in an outcome-selective Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm. Based on the expected-value-of-control theory, it was hypothesized that neural activity of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) would increase during the presentations of Pavlovian cues associated with a devalued outcome, reflecting increased control allocation in situations predictive of a devalued reward. The behavioral results confirmed an outcome-selective PIT effect that was abolished by devaluing the associated outcome. Contrary to our hypothesis, neuroimaging data revealed that dACC activity decreased during presentations of the associated cue. A comparable reduction was also observed in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the putamen. These findings suggest that the current reward value was accessed during the transfer tests and that devaluation of the action outcome did not enhance cognitive control over associated response tendencies. The study plan and data analyses were peer-reviewed prior to data collection by Peer Community In: Registered Reports (PCI:RR). The Preregistered Stage 1 protocol is available at https://osf.io/k8ygb (date of in-principle acceptance: February 8, 2022; https://rr.peercommunityin.org/articles/rec?id=140). The Stage 2 report was recommended after peer review by PCI:RR at https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.rr.101079 (date of recommendation: July 8, 2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of resting-state fMRI denoising pipelines for motion correction and behavioural prediction.","authors":"Kane Pavlovich, James Pang, Alexander Holmes, Toby Constable, Alex Fornito","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.97","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.97","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a pivotal tool for mapping the functional organization of the brain and its relation to individual differences in behaviour. One challenge for the field is that rs-fMRI signals are contaminated by multiple sources of noise that can contaminate these rs-fMRI signals, affecting the reliability and validity of any derivative phenotypes and attenuating their correlations with behaviour. Here, we investigate the efficacy of different noise mitigation pipelines, including white matter and cerebrospinal fluid regression, independent component analysis (ICA)-based artefact removal, volume censoring, global signal regression (GSR), and diffuse cluster estimation and regression (DiCER), in simultaneously achieving two objectives: mitigating motion-related artefacts and augmenting brain-behaviour associations. Our analysis, which employed three distinct quality control metrics to evaluate motion influence and a kernel ridge regression for behavioural predictions of 81 different behavioural variables across two independent datasets, revealed that no single pipeline universally excels at achieving both objectives consistently across different cohorts. Pipelines combining ICA-FIX and GSR demonstrate a reasonable trade-off between motion reduction and behavioural prediction performance, but inter-pipeline variations in predictive performance are modest.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}