Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)最新文献

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Longitudinal MRI template of the baboon brain from birth to adolescence. 狒狒大脑从出生到青春期的纵向MRI模板。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-30 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1316
Katherine L Bryant, Arnaud Le Troter, David Meunier, Yannick Becker, Scott A Love, Siham Bouziane, Kep Kee Loh, Julien Sein, Luc Renaud, Olivier Coulon, Adrien Meguerditchian
{"title":"Longitudinal MRI template of the baboon brain from birth to adolescence.","authors":"Katherine L Bryant, Arnaud Le Troter, David Meunier, Yannick Becker, Scott A Love, Siham Bouziane, Kep Kee Loh, Julien Sein, Luc Renaud, Olivier Coulon, Adrien Meguerditchian","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1316","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The baboon (<i>Papio</i>) is an invaluable resource within nonhuman primate research, having the advantage of being a cercopithecoid (Old World monkey) with one of the largest brains among non-hominid primates. In order to facilitate comparative developmental neuroscience research, we present the BABACOOL (BAby Brain Atlas COnstruction for Optimized Labeled segmentation) approach for creating multi-modal developmental atlases, which we used to produce BaBa21, a population-based longitudinal developmental baboon template. BaBa21 is a spatio-temporal template that consists of structural (T1- and T2-weighted) images and tissue probability maps from a population of 21 baboons (<i>Papio anubis</i>) scanned at 4 timepoints beginning from about 2 weeks after birth and continuing to sexual maturity (5 years). Further, this study offers a fully automatic method for generating a template at any intermediate age for future age-specific group studies. This resource is made available to provide a normalization target for baboon data across the lifespan, including intermediate timepoints, and moreover facilitate neuroimaging research in baboons, comparative research with humans and nonhuman primate species for which developmental templates are available (e.g., macaques).</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When the inner clock fades: Interoceptive decline and consolidation of phase resetting in cortical rhythms by cardiac events underlie healthy lifespan aging. 当内部时钟消退:由心脏事件引起的皮层节律的内感受性下降和阶段重置的巩固是健康寿命老化的基础。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-29 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1319
Kirti Saluja, Dipanjan Roy, Arpan Banerjee
{"title":"When the inner clock fades: Interoceptive decline and consolidation of phase resetting in cortical rhythms by cardiac events underlie healthy lifespan aging.","authors":"Kirti Saluja, Dipanjan Roy, Arpan Banerjee","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1319","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brain continuously integrates signals from the external environment along with internal bodily cues to support adaptive cognition and homeostasis. Among these, multiple visceral rhythms, such as respiration, circadian fluctuations, and cardiac activity, contribute to the organization of intrinsic brain dynamics. The present study focuses on cardiac signals, as the heartbeat provides a continuous, quasi-periodic physiological rhythm that enables precise time-locking of neural responses and offers a tractable model for investigating brain-body interactions at rest. Interoceptive processing is influenced by factors, including arousal, emotional state, and aging, and is known to be altered in neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease and dementia. Here, we investigated how the cortical representation of cardiac signals changes across the adult lifespan and the mechanisms underlying this reorganization. Using a large human cohort (N = 620, aged 18-88 years) with simultaneous resting-state MEG and ECG, the study found that cortical heartbeat-evoked responses (HERs) showed distinct amplitude changes in the 180-320 ms window post the heartbeat including a systematic reduction in amplitude with age. Cardiac signals modulated the phase of ongoing theta-band neural oscillations rather than altering overall power, and this phase-resetting effect became more consolidated in older adults. Source analysis revealed that resting-state HERs originated primarily from fronto-temporal regions, including orbitofrontal, frontal, and temporal pole areas, and exhibited a clear age-related shift from predominantly frontal to more temporal generators. Directed connectivity analyses revealed an age-related shift in heart-brain communication, characterized by increased heart-to-brain and decreased brain-to-heart Granger causality. Together, these findings demonstrate that cardiac processing undergoes systematic age-related reorganization, characterized by changes in response amplitude, phase dynamics, and heart-brain interactions. These alterations may contribute to broader age-related differences in cognitive functions such as attention, emotions, and time perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acting upon threat: Electrocortical, autonomic, and oculomotor responses in anticipation of avoidable and inevitable threats. 对威胁的反应:在预期可避免和不可避免的威胁时,皮层电反应、自主神经反应和动眼肌反应。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-29 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1318
Janna Teigeler, Yannik Stegmann, Matthias Gamer
{"title":"Acting upon threat: Electrocortical, autonomic, and oculomotor responses in anticipation of avoidable and inevitable threats.","authors":"Janna Teigeler, Yannik Stegmann, Matthias Gamer","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1318","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attentive immobility is a defensive state that prepares organisms for adaptive responses to imminent threats. In humans, it has been associated with a multimodal pattern of heart rate bradycardia, elevated skin conductance, freezing of gaze, and reductions in visuocortical alpha power to enhance perceptual processing and action preparation. However, the extent to which these processes are shaped by threat intensity or rather reflect stereotypic response patterns remains elusive. Here we combined avoidable and inevitable threats with different shock intensities to dissociate threat intensity from action preparation in defensive responding. Forty-eight participants observed naturalistic images while electrocortical activity, heart rate, skin conductance, pupil dilation, and eye movements were recorded. The color and shape of the cue preceding each trial were indicative of the trial type and predicted an inevitable or avoidable high-intensity (painful) or low-intensity stimulation after the picture offset. Results showed stronger gaze centralization in avoidable trials, indicating enhanced action preparation. Skin conductance primarily reflected threat intensity, while heart rate, alpha power reduction, fixation durations, and pupil dilation varied with both threat intensity and action readiness. The interplay between these components suggests a need to move away from the notion of separate systems governing physiological and motor responses under threat. We argue for an integrative framework where defensive responses and motor preparation are driven by motivational relevance, which escalates with perceived imminence, harm potential, and escape possibility. These findings underscore the interconnected nature of affective and motor processes, offering new perspectives on human defensive behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental quality control induces changes in Allen mouse brain connectomes. 实验质量控制诱导Allen小鼠脑连接体的变化。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-28 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1310
Vikram Nathan, Stephanie Tullo, Lizette Herrera-Portillo, Gabriel A Devenyi, Yohan Yee, M Mallar Chakravarty
{"title":"Experimental quality control induces changes in Allen mouse brain connectomes.","authors":"Vikram Nathan, Stephanie Tullo, Lizette Herrera-Portillo, Gabriel A Devenyi, Yohan Yee, M Mallar Chakravarty","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1310","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas (AMBCA) is widely used to represent structural connectivity in the mouse brain. The AMBCA consists of tracer injection experiments where neuronal projections axonally connected to the initial injection site are labeled. The resulting whole-brain structural connectomes, derived from a subset of these experiments in C57BL/6 mice, have been used in several studies of connectomic architectures. However, through close inspection of n = 437 distinct experiments used in a publicly-available connectome (Knox et al., 2018), we observed experiments with off-target injections, diffuse projections, unrealistically small injections and projections, and anatomical misalignments, affecting the accuracy and applicability of these connectivity experiments. We applied a combined automated and manual quality control (QC) and identified n = 56 (~13% of the original n = 437) experiments representing a wide variety of injection and projection failures across the brain. Automated QC was used to detect extreme injection and projection sizes and misalignments, while manual QC was used to detect subtle off-target tracer spreading. Using the remaining n = 381 experiments, we rebuilt two different connectomes using previously-published methods; specifically: the regionalized voxel model from Knox et al. (2018), and the homogeneous model from Oh et al. (2014). Our rebuilt connectomes show strong losses in connectivity between regions with limited evidence of structural connectivity by other methods (e.g., hippocampus-medulla, cerebellum-isocortex) and gains in connectivity between regions with strong connectivity evidence (hypothalamus-cerebellum, hypothalamus-isocortex). Finally, we analyzed the rich club and community organization to demonstrate the potential downstream impacts on the representation of the overall structural connectome architectures of our QC'd connectomes and observed subtle whole-brain organizational changes. We present our rebuilt connectomes, and particularly highlight the regionalized voxel model, as more accurate representations of structural connectivity derived from the AMBCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probing the content of semantic representations in body-selective regions. 探讨身体选择区域语义表征的内容。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-27 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1309
Ryuto Yashiro, Masataka Sawayama, Ayumu Yamashita, Kaoru Amano
{"title":"Probing the content of semantic representations in body-selective regions.","authors":"Ryuto Yashiro, Masataka Sawayama, Ayumu Yamashita, Kaoru Amano","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1309","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in neural networks trained on natural language have revealed that category-selective regions encode complex semantics and contextual information of natural scenes in addition to object categories. However, the limited interpretability of embeddings derived from these models complicates the characterization of the aspects of natural scenes that contribute to such semantic representations. Here we addressed this question by developing an analysis of the relationship between object co-occurrence in large-scale natural scene captions and corresponding fMRI responses predicted by caption-based encoding models, inspired by the fact that the joint presence of multiple objects generally shapes the overall content of a scene. We performed this analysis on the extrastriate body area (EBA), which responds strongly to human body parts. We found that human bodies co-occurring with sports-related objects drive the strongest predicted responses in the EBA among all image categories, whereas those co-occurring with vehicles or accessories elicit strong but weaker predicted responses. The findings from the co-occurrence analysis helped identify three key body-related features that contribute to the semantic representation in the EBA and fusiform body area: human body motion speed implied in static images of natural scenes is a primary contributor, and the number of people and body size are secondary contributors. Our framework, integrating object co-occurrence with caption-based encoding models, offers an interpretable approach for understanding high-level visual representations underlying natural scene perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bayesian insights into exchange and restriction in gray matter diffusion MRI. 脑灰质扩散MRI中交换和限制的贝叶斯洞见。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-27 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1317
Maëliss Jallais, Quentin Uhl, Tommaso Pavan, Malwina Molendowska, Derek K Jones, Ileana Jelescu, Marco Palombo
{"title":"Bayesian insights into exchange and restriction in gray matter diffusion MRI.","authors":"Maëliss Jallais, Quentin Uhl, Tommaso Pavan, Malwina Molendowska, Derek K Jones, Ileana Jelescu, Marco Palombo","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1317","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biophysical models in diffusion MRI (dMRI) hold promise for characterizing gray matter tissue microstructure. Yet, the reliability of their parameter estimates remains largely under studied, especially in models that incorporate water exchange. In this study, we investigate the accuracy, precision, and presence of degeneracy of two recently proposed gray matter models, NEXI and SANDIX, using established acquisition protocols, on both simulated and <i>in vivo</i> data. We employ µGUIDE, a Bayesian inference framework based on deep learning, to quantify parameter uncertainty and detect degeneracies, enabling a more interpretable assessment of model fits. Our results show that while some microstructural parameters, such as extra-cellular diffusivity and neurite signal fraction, are robustly estimated, others, including exchange time and soma radius, are often associated with high uncertainty and estimation bias, particularly under realistic noise conditions and reduced acquisition protocols. Comparison with non-linear least squares fitting highlights the critical advantage of uncertainty-aware methods: the ability to flag and filter out unreliable estimates. Together, these findings emphasize the need to report uncertainty and account for model degeneracies when interpreting model-based estimates. Our study advocates for the integration of probabilistic fitting approaches into imaging pipelines to improve reproducibility and biological interpretability.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Functional specialization of angular gyrus and precuneus subregions for perspective-guided autobiographical memory retrieval. 角回和楔前叶亚区在视角引导下的自传式记忆提取中的功能专门化。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-27 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1313
Selen Küçüktaş, Peggy L St Jacques
{"title":"Functional specialization of angular gyrus and precuneus subregions for perspective-guided autobiographical memory retrieval.","authors":"Selen Küçüktaş, Peggy L St Jacques","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1313","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autobiographical memory (AM) retrieval involves goal-directed and reconstructive processes that unfold over time. A key feature of this process is the visual perspective adopted during remembering, which shapes subjective memory experience. Using fMRI, we cued participants to retrieve AMs from an own eyes, observer, or natural perspective followed by an event probe. Our design temporally isolates preparatory (cue phase) and reconstructive (probe phase) mechanisms to identify the neural signatures of retrieval orientation, the strategic use of cues to optimize retrieval. Whole-brain and ROI analyses revealed that the angular gyrus (AG) and precuneus support perspective-guided retrieval in distinct ways. During the cue phase, PGp showed greater activity for instructed perspectives than natural retrieval, consistent with preparatory perspective selection. During the probe phase, observer-perspective retrieval elicited greater activity in AG and precuneus, supporting sustained perspective maintenance. Brain-behavior models linked PGp and 7P activity to greater vividness and perspective stability, while precuneus (7M) activity was negatively associated with emotional intensity, especially in the observer condition. These findings reveal phase- and subregion-specific contributions of posterior parietal cortex to the subjective qualities of memory. AG subregions support goal-directed perspective selection and implementation, while precuneus subregions flexibly modulate phenomenological features during memory reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beneficial effects of foreign language learning and aerobic exercise on dentate gyrus volume and mnemonic discrimination in healthy older adults: Results from a randomized controlled trial. 外语学习和有氧运动对健康老年人齿状回体积和记忆区分的有益影响:一项随机对照试验的结果。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-24 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1306
Sarah E Polk, Yana Fandakova, David Berron, Sandra Düzel, Andreas M Brandmaier, Simone Kühn, Ulman Lindenberger, Elisabeth Wenger
{"title":"Beneficial effects of foreign language learning and aerobic exercise on dentate gyrus volume and mnemonic discrimination in healthy older adults: Results from a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Sarah E Polk, Yana Fandakova, David Berron, Sandra Düzel, Andreas M Brandmaier, Simone Kühn, Ulman Lindenberger, Elisabeth Wenger","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1306","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protecting hippocampal structures, such as the <i>cornu ammonis</i> 3 and dentate gyrus (CA3/DG), that are tied to mnemonic discrimination could be a promising approach to mitigate the age-related decline in episodic memory. This study examines the potential benefits of cognitive and physical engagement, specifically language learning and moderate aerobic exercise, for maintaining hippocampal subfield integrity and memory performance. In a randomized controlled trial involving 142 healthy older adults (aged 63-78 years), we investigated the effects of a 6-month regime comprising language learning, aerobic exercise, and their combination. Participants were assigned to one of four groups: an active control, language-only, exercise-only, or combined language and exercise group. CA3/DG volume remained stable in the language-only and combined groups, while the non-language groups showed a significantly greater decrease in volume, suggesting that foreign language learning may protect against normal aging-related CA3/DG volume loss. Comparatively, the exercise-only and combined groups showed significant improvements in mnemonic discrimination performance, while the non-exercise groups did not, indicating that aerobic exercise can improve this aspect of memory in older adults. Notably, the combined group was the only group to exhibit both preserved CA3/DG volume and improved mnemonic discrimination. No evidence for a boosting effect of the combined intervention on either outcome was observed. This suggests that, while the effects of language learning and aerobic exercise may be independent at the level of measured outcomes, they provide complementary benefits when combined. Finally, the initial volume of the subiculum was found to predict changes in mnemonic discrimination performance across all groups, indicating that this region may play a potential role in episodic memory changes over time. Contrary to our expectations, changes in hippocampal subfields were not directly associated with changes in mnemonic discrimination. In conclusion, this study highlights the potentially separate roles of foreign language learning and aerobic exercise in enhancing aspects of episodic memory in older adults; future research may address whether their combination may yield broader functional benefits than either intervention alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148610701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MEG-GPT: A transformer-based foundation model for magnetoencephalography data. MEG-GPT:基于变压器的脑磁图数据基础模型。
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-24 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1301
Rukuang Huang, SungJun Cho, Chetan Gohil, Oiwi Parker Jones, Mark Woolrich
{"title":"MEG-GPT: A transformer-based foundation model for magnetoencephalography data.","authors":"Rukuang Huang, SungJun Cho, Chetan Gohil, Oiwi Parker Jones, Mark Woolrich","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1301","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modelling the complex spatio-temporal patterns of large-scale brain dynamics is crucial for neuroscience, but traditional methods fail to capture the rich structure in modalities such as magnetoencephalography (MEG). Recent advances in deep learning have enabled significant progress in other domains, such as language and vision, by using <i>foundation models</i> at scale. Here, we introduce MEG-GPT, a transformer-based foundation model that uses time-attention and next time-point prediction. To facilitate this, we also introduce a novel data-driven <i>tokeniser</i> for continuous MEG data, which preserves the high temporal resolution of continuous MEG signals without lossy transformations. We trained MEG-GPT on tokenised brain region time courses extracted from a large-scale MEG dataset (<i>N</i> = 612, eyes-closed rest, Cam-CAN data), and show that the learnt model can generate data with realistic spatio-spectral properties, including transient events and population variability. Critically, it performs well in downstream <i>decoding</i> tasks, improving downstream supervised prediction task, showing improved zero-shot generalisation across sessions (improving accuracy from 0.56 to 0.59) and subjects (improving accuracy from 0.45 to 0.49) compared with a PCA baseline method. Furthermore, we show the model can be efficiently <i>fine-tuned</i> on a smaller labelled dataset to boost performance in cross-subject decoding scenarios. This work establishes a powerful foundation model for electrophysiological data, paving the way for applications in computational neuroscience and neural decoding.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148610799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accelerated maturation of brain circuits and executive function in adolescents who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. 经历COVID-19大流行的青少年大脑回路和执行功能的加速成熟
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2026-07-22 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1162/IMAG.a.1307
Neva M Corrigan, Elizabeth Huber, Ariel Rokem, T Christina Zhao, Patricia K Kuhl
{"title":"Accelerated maturation of brain circuits and executive function in adolescents who experienced the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Neva M Corrigan, Elizabeth Huber, Ariel Rokem, T Christina Zhao, Patricia K Kuhl","doi":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1307","DOIUrl":"10.1162/IMAG.a.1307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted many aspects of daily life. Previous studies have suggested that these disruptions altered the trajectory of typical adolescent gray matter development. This study examined whether development of white matter and of executive function (EF), measured behaviorally, were similarly affected. Diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) and EF measurements were collected at two timepoints: pre-pandemic and post-lockdown. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy were calculated from the dMRI data. Normative models calculated from a pre-pandemic adolescent sample were used to assess deviations from typical development in a separate post-lockdown sample from the same participant cohort. Several white matter pathways showed accelerated development post-lockdown, and the acceleration was greater in females than in males. Post-lockdown performance on EF tasks also showed accelerated development. These findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with both accelerated white matter maturation and accelerated EF performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":73341,"journal":{"name":"Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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