BOLD信号的生理成分:年龄和心率变异性生物反馈训练的影响。

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) Pub Date : 2025-08-07 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1162/IMAG.a.99
Richard Song, Jungwon Min, Shiyu Wang, Sarah E Goodale, Kimberly Rogge-Obando, Ruoqi Yang, Hyun Joo Yoo, Kaoru Nashiro, Jingyuan E Chen, Mara Mather, Catie Chang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

衰老与自主神经系统(ANS)功能下降、神经血管耦合受损和脑血管反应性减弱有关,这些因素可能导致认知能力下降和神经退行性疾病。了解衰老如何改变大脑中生理信号的整合,对于确定促进大脑健康的潜在干预措施至关重要。本研究使用两个独立的静息状态fMRI数据集和同时来自年轻人和老年人的生理记录,研究低频心率和呼吸量波动与血氧水平依赖(BOLD)信号之间耦合的年龄相关差异。我们的研究结果显示,与年龄相关的BOLD信号百分比差异显著降低,这是由心率(HR)、呼吸变异(RV)和潮汐末二氧化碳所解释的,特别是在涉及自主调节的区域,包括眶额皮质、前扣带皮质、脑岛、基底神经节和白质。交叉相关分析还显示,年轻人在白质中表现出更强的HR-BOLD耦合,在灰质中对RV和CO2的BOLD反应更快。此外,我们研究了心率变异性生物反馈(HRV-BF)训练的效果,这是一种旨在调节心率振荡的非侵入性干预。干预以一种依赖于年龄和训练条件的方式调节生理- bold耦合:接受HRV-BF增强HR振荡的老年人表现出向类似年轻人的HR- bold耦合模式转变。这些发现表明,HRV-BF可能有助于减轻与年龄相关的自主神经或脑血管功能下降。总的来说,这项研究强调了生理动力学在脑衰老中的作用,并强调了在解释BOLD信号时考虑自主神经功能的重要性。通过证明HRV-BF可以调节生理- bold相互作用,我们的研究结果提示了在整个生命周期中增强脑血管功能和保持大脑健康的潜在途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The physiological component of the BOLD signal: Impact of age and heart rate variability biofeedback training.

Aging is associated with declines in autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, impaired neurovascular coupling, and diminished cerebrovascular responsiveness-factors that may contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding how aging alters the integration of physiological signals in the brain is crucial for identifying potential interventions to promote brain health. This study examines age-related differences in coupling between low-frequency cardiac rate and respiratory volume fluctuations and the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, using two independent resting-state fMRI datasets with concurrent physiological recordings from younger and older adults. Our findings reveal significant age-related reductions in the percent variance of the BOLD signal explained by heart rate (HR), respiratory variation (RV), and end-tidal CO2, particularly in regions involved in autonomic regulation, including the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, basal ganglia, and white matter. Cross-correlation analysis also revealed that younger adults exhibited stronger HR-BOLD coupling in white matter, as well as a more rapid BOLD response to RV and CO2 in gray matter. Additionally, we investigated the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) training, a non-invasive intervention designed to modulate heart rate oscillations. The intervention modulated physiological-BOLD coupling in a manner dependent on both age and training condition: older adults who underwent HRV-BF to enhance HR oscillations exhibited a shift toward younger-like HR-BOLD coupling patterns. These findings suggest that HRV-BF may help mitigate age-related declines in autonomic or cerebrovascular function. Overall, this study underscores the role of physiological dynamics in brain aging and highlights the importance of considering autonomic function when interpreting BOLD signals. By demonstrating that HRV-BF can modulate physiological-BOLD interactions, our findings suggest a potential pathway for enhancing cerebrovascular function and preserving brain health across the lifespan.

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