IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"The early warning and response systems in Syria: A functionality and alert threshold assessment","authors":"MHD Bahaa Aldin Alhaffar ,&nbsp;Aula Abbara ,&nbsp;Naser Almhawish ,&nbsp;Maia C. Tarnas ,&nbsp;Yasir AlFaruh ,&nbsp;Anneli Eriksson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>this study aims to provide an updated evaluation of the functional characteristics of the two Early Warning Systems (EWS) in Syria, EWARS (Early Warning, Alert, and Response System) and EWARN (Early Warning, Alert, and Response Network), and to test different alert threshold methods using World Health Organization guidelines against the data of selected diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of EWARN and EWARS surveillance data assessed functional characteristics. The World Health Organization alert thresholds for measles, acute bloody diarrhea, acute jaundice syndrome, and severe acute respiratory infections were tested using three methods. Sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index determined threshold suitability for each syndrome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The annual average number of reported cases was 1,140,717 for EWARS and 10,189,415 for EWARN. This study found that the optimal alert thresholds varied among different diseases. The percentile method showed promising results with good sensitivity and specificity. For measles, the 85^th percentile threshold had the best results (Youden index = 0.443), whereas for acute bloody diarrhea, it was 75^th percentile (Y = 0.532) and for severe acute respiratory infections, it was 90^th percentile (Y = 0.653).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study supports the use of adaptable disease-specific alert thresholds such as the percentile approach. Further research is required to develop statistical methods that can be applied to various early warning systems in conflict contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonal repetitive element polymerase chain reaction patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in diabetic foot ulcers, Iran","authors":"Niloofar Ghahari,&nbsp;Arezoo Mirzaei,&nbsp;Bahram Nasr Esfahani,&nbsp;Sharareh Moghim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> has gained attention in diabetic foot infections, which complicate treatment. Further research is essential to understand the prevalence and clinical impact of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and to develop effective management strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Samples were collected from 66 patients with DFU. The prevalence of <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, its antimicrobial profile, and biofilm formation were assessed by disk diffusion and crystal violet assays. The prevalence of resistance and virulence genes, including <em>bla</em>_TEM, <em>bla</em>_SHV, <em>tox</em>A, <em>alg</em>44, and <em>muc</em>A, was assessed using polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the clonality of the isolates was assessed by repetitive element polymerase chain reaction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The highest levels of resistance were seen against ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, and imipenem, with 58.6%, 57.1%, and 55.1%, respectively. A total of 41.3% and 62.5% of the isolates were strong biofilm-producers and multidrug-resistant, respectively. The prevalence of <em>tox</em>A, <em>alg</em>44, and <em>muc</em>A, were reported to be 82%,93.1%, and 75.8%, respectively, and for β-lactamase genes, such as <em>bla</em>_TEM and <em>bla</em>_SHV, were 65.5% and 0%. Among the 28 isolates, 14 GTG types showed clonal relationships with certain strains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that all clonal types were associated with the same hospital, emphasizing the need for epidemiologic surveillance of hygiene practices within healthcare facilities to mitigate strain dissemination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance burden estimates from the bottom-up: research priorities for estimating the impact of antimicrobial resistance in Brazil","authors":"Katherine Keenan ,&nbsp;Carlos Roberto Veiga Kiffer ,&nbsp;Érico V.S. Carmo ,&nbsp;Juliana Silva Corrêa ,&nbsp;André Luiz de Abreu ,&nbsp;Adriano Massuda ,&nbsp;Ana Christina Gales ,&nbsp;Arnaldo Lopes Colombo ,&nbsp;the Institute of Antimicrobial Resistance of São Paulo (ARIES) group","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent estimates of deaths attributable to bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) highlight the immense public health threat of AMR to healthcare systems, economies, and communities in Latin America. Although global modelling studies generate important statistics to motivate and guide global and national agendas, their complex methodology and aggregation mean that they have a more limited impact at the local scales where AMR is experienced and tackled. At the same time, it is increasingly recognised that we need to study and design AMR policies ‘from the bottom-up’, drawing on data and perspectives that ensure local ownership of the research and policy agenda. But how do we integrate ‘bottom-up’ perspectives into AMR burden estimation? Brazil is used as a case study to illustrate the importance of this approach. Brazil's vast and decentralised healthcare system would benefit from robust regional estimates of AMR's clinical, economic, and social burdens to move political decision-making and design appropriate interventions. We report on recommendations gathered from interdisciplinary stakeholder exercises and propose strategic priorities for estimating the AMR burden in Brazil at subnational scales of governance. These include focusing on individual-level data linkages at various scales; capturing public and private healthcare systems; understanding AMR inequalities; and capturing linked clinical, economic, and social burdens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial surgical site infections: prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated risk factors among patients at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Kalicha Boru ,&nbsp;Alqeer Aliyo ,&nbsp;Derese Daka ,&nbsp;Tibeso Gamachu ,&nbsp;Oliyad Husen ,&nbsp;Zekarias Solomon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Surgical site infections occur within 30 days of an invasive surgical procedure in the parts of the body where the surgery is performed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated risk factors of surgical site infections at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 183 consecutively enrolled participants between 1 January and 30 June 2023. Microbiological identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the organisms isolated from clinical samples were performed aseptically. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 26.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of surgical site infections was 15.8% (95% CI, 10.9-22). The predominant isolate was <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (n = 14; 34.1%). There were 18 (43.9%) multidrug-resistant isolates. Age group &gt;54 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.76, 95% CI, 1.10-20.560), hospital stay ≥10 days (AOR = 2.66, 95% CI, 1.06-6.66],), operation duration ≥2 hours (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI, 1.01-6.90), clean-contaminated wound (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI, 1.21-8.30), open surgical site (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI, 1.02-6.86), and malnutrition (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI, 1.42-12.97) were significantly associated with surgical site infections.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of surgical site infections and multidrug-resistant isolates is higher compared with World Health Organisation reports or previous studies. This finding emphasises the need for routine screening and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to prevent and control site infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing postgraduate medical mycology research dissertations at Uganda's higher institution of learning","authors":"Beatrice Achan ,&nbsp;Benson Musinguzi ,&nbsp;Herbert Itabangi ,&nbsp;Obondo James Sande ,&nbsp;David B. Meya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Postgraduate medical mycology research may also be affected by funding. This study reports the positive impact of funding on postgraduate medical mycology research at Makerere University, Uganda.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted on postgraduate medical microbiology dissertation topics from 2023 to 2024 using data collected between September and November 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of N = 60 postgraduate medical microbiology dissertations were analyzed for medical mycology topics, of which a total of 18 (30%) focused on medical mycology. The percentage of dissertations centered on medical mycology increased from 16% (four of 25) in 2023 to 40% (14 of 35) in 2024. Cryptococcal meningitis is the most studied fungal disease (35.7%) (five) in 2024. Notably, molecular-based polymerase chain reaction (50%, two) and semi-automated culture (35.7%, five) were the most commonly used laboratory methods in 2023 and 2024. There were 75% (four) and 71.4% (14) timely completions of the postgraduate students, and the Makerere University Fungal Group was formed to promote the “buddy system of learning” among the postgraduate medical mycology students.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There has been an increase in medical mycology research among postgraduate medical microbiology students at Makerere University, Uganda, which is attributable to increased funding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of hepatitis delta virus infection among hepatitis B virus surface antigen positive students and pregnant women in N'djamena, Chad","authors":"Nalda Debsikréo ,&nbsp;Maire Dehainsala ,&nbsp;Odan Debsikréo ,&nbsp;Nafissatou Leye ,&nbsp;Gora LO ,&nbsp;Aminata Dia ,&nbsp;Makoutchouang Nzonde Biscotine Flore ,&nbsp;Ndeye Aminata Diaw ,&nbsp;Ndeye Dieynaba Diouf ,&nbsp;Isaac Darko Otchere ,&nbsp;Rayana Maryse Toyé ,&nbsp;Isabelle Chemin ,&nbsp;Ali Mahamat Moussa ,&nbsp;Ndèye Coumba Toure-Kane ,&nbsp;Françoise Lunel-Fabiani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study sought to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infection and to characterize isolates of both viruses in a Chadian population of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive pregnant women and students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional retrospective study using archived samples from pregnant women and students in N'djamena who had been systematically screened for HBsAg between April and August 2021. HBsAg-positive samples were tested for the presence of HDV antibodies (Ab) and were screened for the presence of both HBV and HDV (in anti-HDV Ab-positive samples) viral load estimations. Genome sequencing of the viruses was used for both genotyping and phylogenetic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 94 participants were included in this study. The mean age was 24 ± 4.89 years (range: 18-42 years). Anti-HDV Ab were found in 9.57% (9/94) of the participants. The prevalence of anti-HDV Ab positivity among students (6.45% [4/62]) was lower than the 15.63% (5/32) observed among pregnant women. HDV-RNA was detected in 7/9 (77.77%) confirmed anti-HDV-positive participants. Most HDV-RN-positive participants had very low HBV DNA viral loads. All HBV sequences belonged to genotype E and all HDV sequences to genotype 1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Hepatitis D is a potential public health challenge in Chad, which requires active surveillance and public education in the country for proper control. This surveillance should be supported with mass immunization against HBV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pertussis in Southeast Asia: country-level burden and recommendations from the Global Pertussis Initiative","authors":"Phung Nguyen The Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ulrich Heininger ,&nbsp;Rudzani Muloiwa ,&nbsp;Carl Heinz Wirsing von König ,&nbsp;Daniela Hozbor ,&nbsp;Anna Ong-Lim ,&nbsp;Tina Q. Tan ,&nbsp;Kevin Forsyth ,&nbsp;Global Pertussis Initiative Southeast Asia Network","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Global Pertussis Initiative met in March 2024 to discuss the burden of pertussis and prevention efforts in six Southeast Asian countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Except for Cambodia, pertussis is a notifiable disease; data accuracy varies within and between countries. Most cases in the region are diagnosed based on clinical suspicion. Whole-cell and acellular pertussis combination vaccines are available, but the composition differs between countries. Immunization against pertussis is well-established, but policies regarding boosting vary. Vaccination in pregnancy represents a still-neglected opportunity to protect infants. The Global Pertussis Initiative recommends enacting vaccination in pregnancy in countries without and increasing coverage in countries with policies already in place. There is a need to correct the misperception that pertussis affects children exclusively and that childhood vaccines provide lifelong protection. Education is key to widespread understanding of the threat of pertussis and removing barriers to vaccination in Southeast Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindray CL-900i assay: An effective assay for hepatitis B surface antigen screening with superior specificity","authors":"Gheyath K. Nasrallah ,&nbsp;Salma Younes ,&nbsp;Nadin Younes ,&nbsp;Parveen B. Nizamuddin ,&nbsp;Maryam A. Alabdulmalek ,&nbsp;Khadija N. Mohammad ,&nbsp;Dayana El Chaar ,&nbsp;Manal Elshaikh ,&nbsp;Mazen Najib Abouassali ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Wissam Karimeh ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdelfatah Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mutaz Mohamed Ali ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Al Shaar ,&nbsp;Zhu Louyin ,&nbsp;Palanee Ammaranond ,&nbsp;Laith J. Abu-Raddad ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ismail","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The chemiluminescence immunoassay automated Abbott ARCHITECT hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening assay is globally recognized for its superior sensitivity but notably low specificity. This mandates positive results confirmation by another confirmatory assay, such as the widely used Abbott ARCHITECT HBsAg neutralizing assay. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the new chemiluminescence immunoassay, Mindray CL-900i HBsAg screening assay in comparison to the ARCHITECT neutralizing/confirmatory assay.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 200 archived HBsAg-positive and -negative samples by ARCHITECT screening were selected for this study. These samples were classified as follows: true positive (n = 39): positive by ARCHITECT screening and confirmatory assays, true negative (n = 144): negative by ARCHITECT screening and confirmatory assays, and false positive (n = 17): positive by ARCHITECT screening but negative by confirmatory assay. All samples were retested using the Mindray CL-900i HBsAg screening assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with ARCHITECT confirmatory assay, the Mindray HBsAg CL-900i demonstrated perfect agreement with the confirmatory assay, as indicated by a Cohen κ value of 0.98 (0.95-1.02). Mindray CL-900i exhibited a sensitivity of 97%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 99%. The specificity was 100% because none of the true-negative and false-positive results were identified as positive.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mindray CL-900i could offer a cost-effective alternative for HBsAg screening, boasting perfect specificity and overcoming the limitations of current automated assays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ongoing post-pandemic peak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae cases in July 2024: A single-center experience in north-west Italy","authors":"Federica Novazzi ,&nbsp;Gabriele Arcari ,&nbsp;Simona Perniciaro ,&nbsp;Sara Boutahar ,&nbsp;Niccolò Niccolini ,&nbsp;Francesca Drago Ferrante ,&nbsp;Angelo Paolo Genoni ,&nbsp;Massimo Agosti ,&nbsp;Nicasio Mancini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report an increase of <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> (<em>Mp</em>) respiratory infections during 2023-2024. The positive rate in 2024 is higher at 68 per 1668 (5%) compared with 2023 at nine per 1264 (0.7%), highlighting the <em>Mp</em> increased circulation in north-west Italy. The increase in <em>Mp</em> cases showed an outbreak in July 2024.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing tuberculosis elimination in India: A qualitative review of current strategies and areas for improvement in tuberculosis preventive treatment","authors":"Harsh Shah,&nbsp;Jay Patel,&nbsp;Sandeep Rai,&nbsp;Abhishek Sen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis (TB), caused by <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em>, remains a global health challenge, despite being preventable and curable. The global goal to end TB by 2030, with India targeting a 90% reduction in TB incidence by 2025, demands comprehensive interventions in prevention, early detection, treatment, and capacity building. This study analyzes the 2023 Global TB Reports, published articles, guidelines, and data to explore India's current TB landscape. Despite progress in diagnostics and TB preventive treatment, significant challenges persist in accessibility, adherence, and treatment completion. Although advancements in household contact screening and TB preventive treatment initiation are notable, gaps in reporting, diagnostic algorithms, and adherence remain. Innovative diagnostic tools and shorter treatment regimens show promise but require more comprehensive implementation. India's strategy for TB elimination focuses on policy expansion, community engagement, and system enhancements. Continuous innovation, rigorous evaluation, and collaborative efforts are crucial to overcoming challenges and meeting TB elimination targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}