IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"The 2023 – 2024 multi-source mpox outbreaks of Clade I MPXV in sub-Saharan Africa: Alarm bell for Africa and the World","authors":"Muge Cevik , Oyewale Tomori , Placide Mbala , Alessandra Scagliarini , Eskild Petersen , Nicola Low , David Heymann , Shui Shan Lee , Lucille Blumberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100397","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000687/pdfft?md5=8b17fee09f83a69018819f8390dea4db&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000687-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141950120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) into infectious disease outbreak response: Results of an expert consensus study","authors":"Biksegn Asrat Yirdaw PhD ,&nbsp;Marianne Moussallem ,&nbsp;Muhammad Alkasaby ,&nbsp;Michele Kosremelli Asmar ,&nbsp;Vania Alves ,&nbsp;Dumsani Njobo Mamba ,&nbsp;Basma Tolba ,&nbsp;Claire W. Kyalo ,&nbsp;Mujataba Hussain ,&nbsp;Jennifer Dafwat ,&nbsp;Godfrey Kagaayi ,&nbsp;Duncan Nkhoma ,&nbsp;Julian Eaton ,&nbsp;Ian F. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Outbreaks are associated with increased risk of anxiety disorders, depression, and severe mental conditions. Integrating mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) into outbreak response facilitates the delivery of holistic care to the affected community. As there is an increasing incidence of outbreaks globally, integrating MHPSS into preparedness and response plans is paramount to strengthen the capacity of existing health systems and respond to mental health and psychosocial needs. However, the attention given to MHPSS during outbreak response is critically low. The objectives of this study were to identify areas of MHPSS integration and explore the challenges that hinder the delivery of an integrated care during outbreak response.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A participatory qualitative study was conducted to explore how MHPSS can be incorporated into outbreak preparedness and response plans as a cross-cutting intervention in the context of low- and middle-income countries. We brought together civil society representatives, key stakeholders, and public health experts to explore areas of MHPSS integration during outbreak response.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Systematic integration of MHPSS into outbreak response was perceived to be feasible. Study participants strongly agreed that MHPSS can be integrated into most of the outbreak response pillars including partner coordination, case management, infection prevention and control, staff health and well-being, and risk communication and community engagement. However, the effort requires multi-sectoral collaboration, political commitment, and adequate recognition in planning and financing.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite complex challenges, integrating MHPSS into outbreak pillars is possible. Moreover, emphasis should be placed on cultural adaptation of MHPSS guidelines and strong leadership in coordinating MHPSS into outbreak planning and response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000675/pdfft?md5=52fb38ca0f5b4650f8f19db7f00bbba3&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000675-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bangladesh records persistently increased number of dengue deaths in recent years: Dissecting the shortcomings and means to resolve","authors":"Sakirul Khan ,&nbsp;Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar ,&nbsp;Mamun Al Mahtab ,&nbsp;Takaaki Yahiro ,&nbsp;Takehiro Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Kazunori Kimitsuki ,&nbsp;Akira Nishizono","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Dengue, a life-threatening disease caused by the mosquito-borne dengue virus, has become a severe problem in recent years in Bangladesh, a South Asian country. In this study, we have critically analyzed the factors contributing to the escalation of the dengue burden in recent years in Bangladesh and discussed the strategies for effective control.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>This retrospective observational study analyzed the dengue data collected from the five most dengue-affected countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and the Philippines) from 2019 to 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An increased number of dengue-related deaths has been recorded in Bangladesh since 2021. The year 2023 has witnessed a record high dengue-related deaths in Bangladesh, with cumulative deaths for the year surpassing all totals of the previous 23 years (2000-2022: 853 deaths vs 2023: 1705 deaths). Comparing the epidemiologic data of major dengue-endemic countries over the last 5 years, Bangladesh recorded higher dengue fatality rates consecutively for 3 years. Besides the environmental and viral host factors, which are also applicable to many other dengue-endemic countries, there is concern about the failures and mismanagement of authorities to manage dengue patients properly.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study provided evidence that Bangladesh recorded higher dengue fatality rates in recent years. By implementing multi-pronged proactive approaches that can ensure proper prevention programs and appropriate patient management, Bangladesh or similar other countries can significantly reduce the current dengue burden and the associated deaths.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000663/pdfft?md5=2675281fc6eced9d991fb48dfb7215ee&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000663-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of telephone reminders on adherence to anti-rabies vaccine amongst animal bite patients in North India: A randomised, single-blind, parallel-group, single-centre, interventional superiority trial","authors":"Aman Dev Singh ,&nbsp;Simmi Oberoi ,&nbsp;Neha Kaler ,&nbsp;Namrata Singh ,&nbsp;Japneet Kaur ,&nbsp;Ananya Vig","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Rabies is a highly infectious viral zoonotic disease of the central nervous system with a near 100% fatality rate. Vaccine adherence is an integral part of achieving effective treatment. India accounts for 27% of the global deaths from rabies yearly. Rabid dog bites are responsible for 99% of these deaths. This study aimed to assess the effect of reminder calls on compliance with the anti-rabies vaccine among animal bite patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An interventional, randomised, single-blinded, parallel-group, single-centre study was conducted at the Anti Rabies Clinic, Rajindra Hospital, Government Medical College, Patiala, a city located in Punjab, India, with a population of approximately 19 lakhs. A sample of 400 patients was enrolled and divided into two groups by lottery method. After obtaining written and informed consent from patients, data were collected using a validated pre-tested, semi-structured proforma. The intervention group received reminder calls before each dose. At the end of the study, complete information regarding compliance was obtained from both groups and analysed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median age group of the animal bite patients was 21-40 years, with most being male (69.50%). Most of the bites were on the lower extremities (64.0%), followed by the upper extremities (29.0%) and the face (3.25%). Out of 153 patients who delayed the dose, 137 (89.54%) delayed a single dose. The 4th dose on the 28th day was the most frequently delayed dose (75.16%). Reminder calls increased the vaccine compliance rate from 53.5% in the non-intervention group to 70% in the intervention group (adjusted odds ratio=2.28; <em>P</em>=0.0002). There was no effect of gender, area, educational qualification, or marital status on the compliance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Reminder calls were found to have significant effect on the adherence to the anti-rabies vaccine. This simple, cost-effective, and patient-friendly intervention must be integrated within the health care system to ensure timely and complete administration of the anti-rabies vaccine to reduce the risk of rabies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000572/pdfft?md5=c0943dd5c64372051653aa42c8f5812a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000572-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective cohort study of patient demographics, viral agents, seasonality, and outcomes of influenza-like illness in Mexico in the late H1N1-pandemic and post-pandemic years (2010-2014)","authors":"Arturo Galindo-Fraga ,&nbsp;Paola del Carmen Guerra-de-Blas ,&nbsp;Ana A. Ortiz-Hernández ,&nbsp;Kevin Rubenstein ,&nbsp;Ana M. Ortega-Villa ,&nbsp;Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas ,&nbsp;Rafael Valdez-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Sarbelio Moreno-Espinosa ,&nbsp;Beatriz Llamosas-Gallardo ,&nbsp;Santiago Pérez-Patrigeon ,&nbsp;Daniel E. Noyola ,&nbsp;Martín Magaña-Aquino ,&nbsp;Ana Vilardell-Dávila ,&nbsp;M. Lourdes Guerrero ,&nbsp;John H. Powers ,&nbsp;John Beigel ,&nbsp;Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios ,&nbsp;Mexican Emerging Infectious Disease Clinical Research Network","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Influenza-like illness (ILI) caused by respiratory viruses results in various respiratory clinical manifestations. The ILI002 prospective observational cohort study aimed to describe viral agents, seasonality, and outcomes of patients with ILI during four seasons in the influenza H1N1-pandemic and post-pandemic years (2010-2014).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients from six Mexican hospitals were enrolled from April 2010 to March 2014. Clinical data and nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained and tested for viral respiratory pathogens by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 5662 enrolled participants, 64.9% were adults and 35.1% were children. Among the 5629 participants with single-pathogen detection, rhinovirus (20.2%), influenza virus (11.2%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (7.2%), and coronavirus (6.8%) were the most frequent pathogens. Co-infection occurred in 14.5% of cases; 49.3% of participants required hospitalization, particularly in RSV cases (42.9% adults, 89.6% children). The mortality rate was 2.8% higher among older adult participants and those with comorbidities. Influenza H1N1 had the highest mortality rate, yet almost half of the deceased had no pathogen. Rhinovirus persisted year-round, while influenza, coronavirus, and RSV peaked during cooler months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Analyses showed that some viruses causing ILI may lead to severe disease and hospitalization irrespective of comorbidities. These findings may help in decision-making about public health policies on prevention measures, vaccination, treatment, and administration of health care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000651/pdfft?md5=5d5d02a4631a93ab9bb614c4b4d35722&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimate the number of lives saved by a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign in six states in the United States with a simple model","authors":"Yi Yin ,&nbsp;Shuhan Tang ,&nbsp;Qiong Li ,&nbsp;Sijia Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuhang Ma ,&nbsp;Weiming Wang ,&nbsp;Daihai He ,&nbsp;Zhihang Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Vaccination and the emergence of the highly transmissible Omicron variant changed the fate of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is very challenging to estimate the number of lives saved by vaccination given the multiple doses of vaccination, the time-varying nature of transmissibility, the waning of immunity, and the presence of immune evasion.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We established a S-S_V-E-I-T-D-R model to simulate the number of lives saved by vaccination in six states in the United States (U.S.) from March 5, 2020, to March 23, 2023. The cumulative number of deaths were estimated under three vaccination scenarios based on two assumptions. Additionally, immune evasion by the Omicron and loss of protection afforded by vaccination or infection were considered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of deaths averted by COVID-19 vaccinations (including three doses) ranged from 0.154-0.295% of the total population across six states. The number of deaths averted by the third dose ranged from 0.008-0.017% of the total population.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our estimate of death averted by COVID-19 vaccination in the U.S. was largely in line with an official estimate (at a level of 0.15-0.20% of the total population). We found that the additional contribution of the third dose was small but significant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000614/pdfft?md5=7521bcf10d8c196f4a106236b1b3c197&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000614-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141414902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predominance of Candida glabrata in candidemia among patients with solid tumor cancer in Oman: A retrospective study","authors":"Bassem Awada ,&nbsp;Aref Zribi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ghoche ,&nbsp;Hasan Al-Sayegh ,&nbsp;Manyando Milupi ,&nbsp;Boris Itkin ,&nbsp;Khalid Al-Baimani ,&nbsp;Jorge Abarca","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><em>Candida</em> species frequently cause bloodstream infections; however, there is a lack of epidemiological studies on candidemia in Oman.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To address this, we conducted a retrospective study at Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer and Research Center from October 2021 to October 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our study identified 27 episodes of candidemia among 26 patients with cancer, with an incidence of 4.9 per 1000 admissions. Non-<em>albicans Candida</em> (NAC) prevailed over <em>C. albicans</em> (70.37% vs 29.62%), with <em>C. glabrata</em> as the predominant NAC species (n = 10; 37%). The 30-day mortality rate was 40.7%, showing no significant difference between NAC and <em>C. albicans</em> but was notably higher in critically ill patients (<em>P</em> = 0.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In Oman, NAC surpasses <em>C. albicans</em> as a causative pathogen for candidemia with a high mortality rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000602/pdfft?md5=7388cdb4a5c402980e6fce7a42cc8b8f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000602-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalization for malaria in the indigenous population of Roraima, in Brazil's Northern Amazon, 2008-2022","authors":"Mário Ribeiro Alves ,&nbsp;Mary Hellem Silva Fonseca ,&nbsp;Nilma Vitor Sant'Anna ,&nbsp;Ricardo de Mattos Russo Rafael ,&nbsp;Magda Guimarães de Araujo Faria ,&nbsp;Mercedes Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To examine the epidemiology of hospitalized cases of malaria in indigenous people living in the municipalities of Roraima in the northern Brazilian Amazon from 2008 to 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ecological study using secondary data and spatiotemporal analyses based on thematic maps. Average rates were calculated per study period and spatiotemporal clusters were estimated from spatial statistics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 541 medical records, 77.08% were related to <em>Plasmodium vivax</em>. Higher rates were observed in municipalities in the south and center of the state. The rates increased throughout the study period. The analysis generated three clusters.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although Roraima has characteristics that worsen the malaria problem, no studies were found that examined the transmission of the disease in the state as a whole. This increases the importance of this study, which contributes to the discussion in the field of indigenous health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000596/pdfft?md5=7e82103048d6d5a8f74f8b0057330299&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000596-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human T-cell lymphotropic virus screening in France: Missed opportunities? A retrospective multicenter study of serological testing in hospital laboratories","authors":"Olivier Moquet ,&nbsp;Ibrahima Faye ,&nbsp;Nicolas Auffret ,&nbsp;Benoit Garin ,&nbsp;Ségolène Brichler ,&nbsp;Raymond Césaire ,&nbsp;French study group on HTLV testing practices","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 infection is endemic in the French Antilles, French Guiana, and sub-Saharan Africa, the origin of many immigrants currently living in France. There are no national screening recommendations outside of the regulatory obligations concerning donations of blood, tissue, gametes, or milk to a lactarium. This study aimed to investigate the screening and diagnostic practices for this infection in France.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Serological statistics for regulatory, antenatal, sexually transmitted infections (for CeGIDDs (Centre Gratuit d'Information, de Dépistage et de Diagnostic des Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles), which are public sexual health clinics), accidental exposure to blood screenings, and diagnosis since January 1, 2018 were collected from 23 hospital laboratories (two in the French Antilles, 21 in mainland France) associated with 55 hospitals and 22 maternity units.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total absence of antenatal screening was reported by 75% of the laboratories associated with maternity units in mainland France. All the laboratories in mainland France reported an absence of screening in the accidental exposure to blood context, as did all the laboratories in mainland France associated with a CeGIDD in the context of sexually transmitted infection screening. Conversely, screening in accordance with the existing regulations was generally systematically carried out. The most frequently reported diagnostic contexts were hematology and neurology.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study reveals an underscreening of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 in the hospital laboratories of mainland France.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000584/pdfft?md5=d2ccff95b9fc0ecfbfd906165ba8ae4a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000584-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenges of integrating an immigrant population with chronic hepatitis B into long-term hepatology care: Lessons learned from a Bronx West African screening program","authors":"Asli Akin Belli,&nbsp;Fatima Omarufilo,&nbsp;Jessie Birnbaum,&nbsp;Emmanuel U. Emeasoba,&nbsp;Samuel H. Sigal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in West Africa. Because of immigration to the United States, screening and transition to long-term care is a significant public health concern. We describe the challenges of integrating individuals identified in a screening program into long-term care and the spectrum of disease severity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between 2019 and 2023, 749 individuals were screened. Beginning 2022, all were offered a free serologic evaluation. Details of the previous diagnosis, HBV care, the serologic evaluation, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, and Fibrosis index-4 scores were recorded. The results of transient elastography (TE) were correlated with the serologic evaluation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 75 (10%) individuals were hepatitis B surface antigen–positive, including 58 (77.3%) previously and 17 (22.7%) newly diagnosed. Despite attempts at linkage to care, only 14 (37.8%) of those diagnosed before the offer continued and/or entered long-term care. A total of 63 of 75 (84%) returned for the evaluation. Among 56 HBV treatment-naïve individuals, 66.1% had a serologic profile consistent with the carrier state. A total of 10 (18.2%) individuals met the criteria for HBV therapy, and 10 (21.7%) had ≥F2 fibrosis on TE. There was no correlation between aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Fibrosis index-4 scores and TE. Eight (29.6%) of 27 patients with a profile of the HBV carrier state had ≥F2 fibrosis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Integration of individuals with HBV from West Africa identified in a screening program into long-term care is challenging. Inclusion of a serologic evaluation in programs for immigrant communities should be considered. Up to 30% of individuals with a serologic profile consistent with the HBV carrier state may have ≥F2 fibrosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000560/pdfft?md5=289cdd0c59fa4580853dc11d9ef38f73&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000560-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141406489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}