IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra among smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases in southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Dawit Abera,&nbsp;Zegeye Bonsa,&nbsp;Wakjira Kebede,&nbsp;Mulualem Tadesse,&nbsp;Kedir Abdella,&nbsp;Getu Balay,&nbsp;Gemeda Abebe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Diagnosing smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis poses significant challenges due to the low bacillary load, which often results in delayed diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) in detecting <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> among patients with presumptive smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Center from January to June 2023. A total of 255 sputum samples were collected from patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) who had negative results on two sputum smear microscopy results for acid-fast bacilli. All samples were tested using Xpert Ultra and Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube 960 (MGIT 960) culture. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of Xpert Ultra were calculated using MGIT 960 culture as the reference standard.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 255 patients with presumptive smear-negative pulmonary TB, Xpert Ultra detected <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> in 38 (14.9%), whereas MGIT 960 culture identified 41 (16.1%) cases. Compared with MGIT 960 culture, Xpert Ultra demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 76.9-97.3%) and a specificity of 99.5% (95% CI: 97.3-100.0%). The positive and negative predictive values were 97.4% (95% CI: 83.9-99.6%) and 98.1% (95% CI: 95.2-99.2%), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Xpert Ultra offers a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for diagnosing active TB in patients with presumptive smear-negative pulmonary TB cases. Expanding access to Xpert Ultra could improve the management of smear-negative pulmonary TB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under-ascertainment of medically attended tick-borne encephalitis virus infections by tick-borne encephalitis surveillance in selected areas of Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Sweden, and Switzerland","authors":"Frederick J. Angulo,&nbsp;Gordon Brestrich,&nbsp;Gerhard Dobler,&nbsp;Per-Eric Lindgren,&nbsp;Franc Strle,&nbsp;Joanna Zajkowska,&nbsp;Pingping Zhang,&nbsp;Lisa R. Harper,&nbsp;Andreas Pilz,&nbsp;L. Hannah Gould","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (TBEV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) immunoglobulin G are elevated in TBEV-infected individuals, but not in TBE vaccinated individuals, enabling estimation of TBEV infection prevalence in countries where TBE vaccines are used.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from NS1 seroprevalence studies to estimate the incidence of medically attended TBEV infections and then compared this incidence with the incidence of surveillance-reported TBE cases to estimate the under-ascertainment multiplier for medically attended TBEV infections identified by surveillance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of NS1 antibodies ranged from 0.1% to 7.0% in the identified nine seroprevalence studies. Medically attended TBEV incidence in areas where seroprevalence specimens were collected ranged from 0.5/100,000 population per year in Denmark to 21.5/100,000 population per year in Latvia. The under-ascertainment multiplier was 0.9 in Finland, 2.2 in Latvia, 2.5 in Switzerland, 3.4 in Sweden, 3.6 in Austria(Northern), 3.8 in Germany (Bavaria), 5.0 in Austria (Western), 5.0 in Denmark, and 6.0 in Germany-Baden/Wuerttemberg.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite assumptions necessitated by data gaps, the results of this analysis indicate that more individuals are infected with TBEV and seek medical care than are ascertained by TBE surveillance. Given the increasing public health threat posed by TBE in Europe, further efforts are needed to improve TBE awareness and increase TBE vaccination among persons at increased risk of TBEV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100953"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing the evolutionary and spatial dynamics of the 2022-2023 chikungunya outbreak in Paraguay and its regional spread across the Southern Cone","authors":"Fátima Cardozo ,&nbsp;Roque Morel ,&nbsp;Sully Márquez ,&nbsp;Cynthia Bernal ,&nbsp;Alan Martínez ,&nbsp;Adriana Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Paúl Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Gabriel Trueba ,&nbsp;Alejandra Rojas ,&nbsp;Magaly Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>During 2022-2023, the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused a major outbreak in Paraguay. Previous genomic analyses attributed the epidemic to local circulation since early 2022, but increasing cases in neighboring countries raised questions about its origin and spread.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 517 CHIKV East/Central/South African genomes from 2014 to 2023, including 49 generated during the 2023 outbreak in Paraguay. Time-scaled phylogenetic and discrete phylogeographic analyses were used to reconstruct viral introductions, regional dissemination, and the evolutionary dynamics of the E2:V264A substitution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The epidemic lineage circulating Paraguay was nested within Brazilian sequences. Three independent Brazil-to-Paraguay introductions were inferred between 2017 and 2022, but only the introduction around 2021 was associated with sustained local transmission and patterns consistent with southward spread into Argentina and Uruguay. Brazil to Paraguay was the only route with strong posterior support. The E2:V264A substitution was consistent with being present in the lineage introduced around 2021 or becoming fixed early during expansion, with no evidence of recurrent independent emergence or association with geographic dispersal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The 2022-2023 outbreak is consistent with the expansion of a pre-existing Brazilian lineage introduced before sustained local transmission, with phylogeographic patterns suggestive of subsequent dissemination across the Southern Cone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hand hygiene knowledge and practices among patients in selected health facilities of Mukono and Kagadi districts in Uganda: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Fred Twinomugisha ,&nbsp;John Bosco Isunju ,&nbsp;Esther Buregyeya ,&nbsp;David Musoke ,&nbsp;Mary Nakafeero ,&nbsp;Henry Kajumbula ,&nbsp;Habib Yakubu ,&nbsp;Richard K. Mugambe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hand hygiene (HH) is a cost-effective measure for preventing healthcare–associated infections, yet patient involvement in promoting HH in healthcare facilities remains underexplored in low-resource settings. This study assessed HH knowledge and practices among patients attending selected health facilities in Mukono and Kagadi districts in Uganda.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May and June 2025 among 854 adult patients from 32 purposively selected health facilities. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire programmed in KoboCollect, including items on self-reported HH practices. Data were analyzed in Stata 14 using descriptive statistics and modified Poisson regression to identify factors associated with HH knowledge and practices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 61.5% of respondents had adequate HH knowledge, while only 29.6% demonstrated good HH practices. Most participants (92.9%) identified infection prevention as the main purpose of HH, and 59.5% reported receiving HH information from health care workers. Adequate knowledge was higher among patients from Mukono (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.57), older participants (aPR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.01), and those of middle socioeconomic status (aPR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.30). However, good HH practices were less prevalent in Mukono (aPR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44-0.69) and among rural residents of Kagadi districts (aPR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.56-0.88).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite relatively high HH knowledge, patient practices were suboptimal. Targeted behavioral interventions are needed to bridge the knowledge–practice gap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Lyme disease, a growing tick-borne disease of concern, in Japan from May 2013 to March 2024: a descriptive study","authors":"Kohei Goto ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Kato ,&nbsp;Minako Kanesaki ,&nbsp;Natsuko Nakamura ,&nbsp;Ayano Orime ,&nbsp;Chiaki Ikenoue ,&nbsp;Kozue Sato ,&nbsp;Tomoe Shimada ,&nbsp;Yu Takizawa ,&nbsp;Takuri Takahashi ,&nbsp;Taro Kamigaki ,&nbsp;Hiroki Kawabata ,&nbsp;Tomimasa Sunagawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Lyme disease (LD) is a globally distributed zoonosis; however, limited epidemiological data are available from Japan. This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of LD cases reported through the Japanese national surveillance system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective descriptive study based on data from the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases for the fiscal years 2006-2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 265 LD cases were reported, ranging from five in 2008 to 28 in 2023 (median: 12.5), including 216 domestic, predominantly from Hokkaido, and 43 imported cases. The median annual notification rate for domestic cases was 0.94 per 10 million population (range: 0.39-2.14). The median age was 53 years, and 62% were male. No fatal cases were reported. Most infections occurred between May and September. Common clinical features of the cases included erythema migrans, fever, and neurological symptoms. The median duration from onset to diagnosis was 28.5 days (interquartile range: 16-45 days).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The number of LD cases in Japan has increased, with cases predominantly occurring in middle-aged men from Hokkaido and other areas. Furthermore, patients having LD presented with non-specific symptoms, including neurological involvement, resulting in delayed diagnoses. These findings highlight the importance of increasing awareness of LD in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148230618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing isoniazid preventive therapy uptake among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Tanzania, a resource-constrained setting with a high tuberculosis burden: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Emmanuel M. Sindato ,&nbsp;Violet Dismas Kajogoo ,&nbsp;Gabriel Jackob Mchonde ,&nbsp;Bonaventura C.T. Mpondo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) disease remains highly prevalent among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) in Tanzania, despite the implementation of the isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) program in 2009. This study aimed to characterize the uptake of IPT in Tanzania.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Embase for potentially eligible studies published in English from inception to February 2024. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The research articles included participants aged ≥10 years living with HIV who had started IPT as per World Health Organization recommendations. We used STATA 17.0 software for data analysis. Random-effects models were used to pool the effect estimates and account for between-study heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of IPT uptake was 23.61% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.00-34.83, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Cases of TB among those on IPT was 2.72%. The prevalence of IPT completion was 82.40% (95% CI: 50.54-99.41, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), with a greater prevalence among women 74.42% (95% CI: 71.48-77.27, <em>P</em> = 0.01) and those with CD4 &lt;350 cells/µl 52.74% (95% CI: 19.55-84.61, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The overall uptake of IPT is still low among PLHIV, but the completion rates among those taking the therapy is high. Measures are required to increase IPT uptake in this population group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of the Dengue NS1 Ag Rapid Test during early-stage infections at epidemic-affected health care facilities in northeastern and eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Chalachew Sisay ,&nbsp;Netsanet Worku ,&nbsp;Tadesse Awoke ,&nbsp;Kassahun Alemu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Early detection of dengue through the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen is critical for timely diagnosis. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the reference standard, its cost and technical requirements limit routine use in many epidemic-prone settings. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) provide a practical alternative but require validation against reference assays. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the STANDARD Q Dengue NS1 Ag RDT compared with the Trioplex real-time PCR assay for early dengue detection in healthcare facilities in northeastern and eastern Ethiopia between April and August 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study was conducted using consecutive sampling of 339 febrile patients aged over 1 year who presented within 5 days of suspected dengue infection. Diagnostic performance was assessed using contingency table analysis, with sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and Cohen κ.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most participants were urban residents (90%) and aged 20-29 years. The NS1 Ag RDT demonstrated 82.9% overall accuracy, with a sensitivity of 82.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 76.3-87.8) and a specificity of 83.2% (95% CI: 76.4-88.7). Positive and negative predictive values were 85.4% (95% CI: 79.3-90.2) and 80.1% (95% CI: 73.1-86.0), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 4.92, receiver operating characteristic area was 0.829, and Cohen κ indicated substantial agreement (κ = 0.656). Test positivity peaked on illness days 2 and 3.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The NS1 Ag RDT demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy, supporting its application for early-phase dengue detection in epidemic-prone, resource-limited health care facilities where Trioplex reference real-time PCR is not feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality and prognostic factors in infective endocarditis: A Colombian multicenter cohort","authors":"Juan David Zuluaga Monroy ,&nbsp;Maria Alejandra Perez Ardila ,&nbsp;Henry Augusto Millan Prada ,&nbsp;Maria Estefania Peña Giraldo ,&nbsp;Joshua Kock Sierra ,&nbsp;Leonardo Ospina Navarro ,&nbsp;Gerson Arias ,&nbsp;Luis Guillermo Uribe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to estimate in-hospital mortality and identify prognostic factors in infective endocarditis (IE) in a Colombian multicenter cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective cohort study of 308 consecutive patients with definitive IE (modified Duke criteria) across four Colombian hospitals (2007-2017). Multivariate logistic regression identified independent mortality predictors. The primary outcome was in-hospital death.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In-hospital mortality was 32.7% (101 of 308), with substantial across-center heterogeneity (9.6-45.9%), contrasting with European (EURO-ENDO 17.1%) and Latin American (25.1%) registries. Independent predictors of death in multivariable logistic regression were renal replacement therapy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.61-18.34), perivalvular abscess (aOR 6.42, 95% CI 2.69-15.35), central nervous system embolism (aOR 3.07, 95% CI 1.63-5.80), older age (aOR 1.03 per year, 95% CI 1.01-1.05), and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> etiology (aOR 1.87, 95% CI 0.99-3.51). Surgery was independently protective (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.18-0.63), an estimate that persisted after propensity score adjustment. Of 199 patients with surgical indication, 78.9% underwent surgery; non-operated cases had prohibitive risk profiles. Model discrimination was good (area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.842, 95% CI 0.791-0.894).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Renal replacement therapy and perivalvular abscess are the strongest independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in this Colombian multicenter IE cohort, whereas cardiac surgery is protective but frequently precluded by prohibitive risk profiles. The 32.7% mortality reflects the high-severity spectrum of a tertiary referral population and is not generalizable to lower-complexity settings. Early identification of patients at risk for dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury and timely multidisciplinary surgical evaluation represent priority clinical intervention targets. In this Colombian multicenter cohort, in-hospital mortality was 32.7%, with substantial across-center heterogeneity. Renal replacement therapy and perivalvular abscess emerged as the strongest independent mortality predictors, identifying patients with limited physiological reserve and advanced infection. Surgery was strongly and consistently protective, including after propensity score adjustment, although unmeasured confounding by indication cannot be fully excluded. Whether multidisciplinary endocarditis team implementation can translate this prognostic information into mortality reduction in Colombian tertiary settings is a hypothesis that should be tested prospectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imported cases of dengue in Rwanda: A call for One Health integrated surveillance and response system for arboviral diseases","authors":"Thierry Zawadi Muvunyi ,&nbsp;Pierre Gashema ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kabalisa ,&nbsp;Patrick Gad Iradukunda ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Edwar Siddig ,&nbsp;Isabelle Mukagatare ,&nbsp;Jean de Dieu Harelimana ,&nbsp;Mariska Jacoba Kreuger ,&nbsp;Claude Mambo Muvunyi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The true burden of dengue on the African continent is likely underestimated, with approximately 80% of confirmed cases originating from West Africa. In this report, we describe for the first time two imported mild dengue cases detected in travelers returning to Rwanda from Brazil and the Central African Republic. The first case involved a 58-year-old woman from Uganda traveling through Rwanda to Brazil, who presented with fever and lymphadenopathy on June 2, 2024. The second case was a 32-year-old man from Kicukiro District, who sought medical care on September 26, 2024 and exhibited fever and general weakness after visiting the Central African Republic. The traveler from Brazil was infected with dengue virus (DENV)-1, whereas the traveler from Central Africa carried DENV-2. This report underscores the growing risk of dengue being introduced into Rwanda through international travel and highlights the critical need to establish robust cross-border surveillance systems. It calls for improved early detection, active vector monitoring, and the enhancement of national and regional response strategies in line with the International Health Regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100914"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent nasal colonization of rare community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones ST8-IVl (CA-MRSA/J) and ST1930-IVa in healthy adults","authors":"Meiji Soe Aung ,&nbsp;Hajime Onomi ,&nbsp;Atsushi Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Koji Kuronuma ,&nbsp;Satoshi Takahashi ,&nbsp;Nobumichi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the increase in infections due to community-acquired methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (CA-MRSA), monitoring of colonization in healthy population is becoming more significant. From nasal cavity of two preclinical medical students who were originally healthy and had neither foreign travel history nor contact with animals, methicillin-resistant <em>S. aureus</em> (MRSA) strains were isolated. For these MRSA, the genotypes, prevalence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance determinants were analyzed, along with antimicrobial susceptibility test. These strains were genotyped as (i) ST8-SCC<em>mec</em>-IVl, which was “CA-MRSA/J” clone, known as a unique Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-negative ST8 MRSA in Japan, and (ii) ST1930-SCC<em>mec</em>-IVa, which belonged to CC96, one of the livestock-associated MRSA, while being a rare type in humans (first detection in Japan). Both strains were susceptible to most antimicrobials, except for oxacillin, and continued to colonize the students for 1 year. These MRSA strains were successfully decolonized by the treatment with nasal ointment of mupirocin, and the eradication of ST8 MRSA strain was confirmed for at least 1 year. The present study revealed the persistent colonization of the rare CA-MRSA clones in healthy adults with unknown route of transmission, suggesting the importance to screen CA-MRSA and its decolonization in healthy individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}