IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"A case report of peritoneal dialysis–associated peritonitis caused by Mycobacterium mageritense","authors":"Kazuhiro Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Nozomi Kadota ,&nbsp;Masaaki Nakayama ,&nbsp;Nobuyoshi Mori","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria can result in peritoneal dialysis (PD)–associated peritonitis and PD catheter–related infections, including tunnel and exit site infection. We report the case of a 78-year-old male patient undergoing PD for end-stage renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy, with a medical history that includes PD catheter–related infections. He developed <em>Mycobacgerium mageritense</em> peritonitis secondary to a PD catheter–related infection. <em>M. mageritense</em> grew on blood agar, and its identification was confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF/MS) and 16S rRNA sequencing. Based on susceptibility testing, treatment was initiated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (80 mg/400 mg) 5 mg/kg every 24 hours in combination with minocycline 100 mg every 12 hours, which was subsequently changed to TMP/SMX plus faropenem 200 mg every 8 hours due to nausea caused by minocycline. However, the antimicrobial therapy proved to be ineffective, and the patient subsequently developed complicated PD-associated peritonitis, leading to the removal of the PD catheter. We switched to TMP/SMX, imipenem/cilastatin 500 mg every 12 hours, and used linezolid 600 mg every 12 hours, which was later replaced with amikacin, guided by therapeutic drug monitoring. Subsequent complications related to antimicrobial therapy included nausea caused by linezolid and hearing impairment due to amikacin. We treated the patient with TMP/SMX and sitafloxacin 100 mg every 24 hours, which was well-tolerated. The patient was treated for 18 months without a relapse. Our findings underscore the importance of suspecting non-tuberculous mycobacteria in PD catheter–related infection and considering the early inclusion of acid-fast bacillus culture. Given the diagnostic challenges and the complexity of managing multi-drug antimicrobial therapy in patients with renal dysfunction, we recommend early catheter removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of implementing antimicrobial stewardship program at tertiary care facilities in India","authors":"Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy ,&nbsp;Dhanajayan Govindan ,&nbsp;Monica Karunakaran ,&nbsp;Muneera Parveen ,&nbsp;Anaswara Manohar ,&nbsp;Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review was performed to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in Indian tertiary care facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Epistemonikos, and ScienceDirect up to July 2024. Data on antimicrobial consumption, resistance patterns, patient outcomes, and economic evaluations were extracted using standardized form. This review included 29 studies from various Indian states, and, due to heterogeneity in study type, narrative synthesis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ASP interventions—such as guideline implementation, antibiotic prescription audits with feedback, and clinician education—were associated with significant reductions in overall antibiotic use (up to 32% reduction in neonatal intensive care units) and improvements in resistance patterns (decrease in methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus rates). Patient-related outcomes, including reduced length of hospital stay and lower rates of health care–associated infections, were observed, although changes in mortality were variable. Economic analyses demonstrated substantial cost savings and favorable cost-effectiveness profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ASPs in Indian tertiary care settings are clinically effective and economically viable, reducing antimicrobial misuse, curbing resistance, and improving patient outcomes, while lowering health care costs. Further research using standardized metrics and extending to other health care levels is needed to optimize and sustain ASP benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating intestinal parasitic infections and risk factors in fingernails: Public health insights from Tabriz East Azerbaijan Province, Iran","authors":"Nasser Hajipour,&nbsp;Hadi valizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections in nails among individuals from different occupational and social backgrounds and identify associated risk factors influencing infection rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 2280 nail samples were collected and analyzed from 380 individuals across various occupational groups. Microscopic examination was performed to detect parasite eggs or cysts. Demographic data, hygiene practices, and health history were recorded to evaluate potential correlations with infection rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 2280 nail samples, 445 (19.51%) were found to be infected. Of the individuals, 89 (23.4%) tested positive, with a higher rate in females (28.2%) than males (16.3%). Illiterate participants showed the highest infection rate (36.6%). Occupations such as toilet conductors (44.1%), beggars (42.9%), and vegetable sellers (31.9%) exhibited significantly higher rates. Risk factors included long nails, pet ownership, poor hand hygiene, and history of diarrhea (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05). The predominant parasites identified were <em>Toxocara spp.</em> (12.5%), <em>Dicrocoelium dendriticum</em> (12.5%), <em>Entamoeba coli</em> (12.1%), and <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> (11.1%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Parasitic nail infections are prevalent, especially among specific high-risk occupational groups and rural populations. Public health measures focusing on hygiene education, handwashing promotion, and sanitation improvements are essential to reduce infection rates and improve overall community health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus in Colombia: A community-based mixture models study","authors":"Viviana Lenis-Ballesteros ,&nbsp;Doracelly Hincapié-Palacio ,&nbsp;Jesús Ochoa ,&nbsp;Marta Ospina ,&nbsp;Seti Buitrago","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe the distribution of immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies against varicella by sociodemographic characteristics during the period before vaccination in Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A population seroprevalence based on a previous study carried out in men and women aged 6-64 years, residing in the urban and rural zone of Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia in 2009. A probability sample of 2124 individuals was selected using a multistage sampling design. IgG antibodies against varicella zoster virus were determined in human serum/plasma by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test. Global seroprevalence levels were calculated, considering a sample expansion factor, allowing inference to the population. Antibody distribution was explored worldwide by sex and zone of residence, using finite mixture models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Global seropositivity was 85.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82.9-88.5) using the manufacturer’s cutoff and 81.5% (95% CI: 78.0-88.5) using the complete data from antibody distribution. Significant seronegativity was detected in the group from 6 to 17 years of age of 20.6% (95% CI: 14.8-27.9), without differences by sex and zone of residence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The seronegativity in the 6-17 age group shows the need to periodically monitor antibody prevalence in children and young people to guide new vaccination and transmission prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic resistance in empyema thoracis: clinical outcomes and contributing factors in a tertiary care setting in Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Umar,&nbsp;Sher Ali Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns, clinical outcomes, and factors influencing treatment outcomes in patients with empyema thoracis (ET).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 294 patients with ET (65.9% males, 34.1% females; mean age 47.9 ± 17.1 years) were included. Predisposing factors, comorbidities, microbial pathogens, and antibiotic resistance patterns were analyzed. Clinical improvement and associations with demographic and clinical variables were statistically evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pulmonary parenchymal infection (68.2%) was the most common predisposing factor, followed by postoperative empyema (11.2%). Rural residency (64.3%), biomass exposure (71.0%), and non-smoking status (75.2%) were prevalent. Community-acquired empyema was observed in 72.2% of cases, and clinical improvement was achieved in 59.18%. <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (45 cases), <em>Escherichia coli</em> (32 cases), and <em>Citrobactor freundii</em> (23 cases) were the most frequently isolated pathogens. Significant associations were found between no clinical improvement and male gender, rural residency, smoking, biomass exposure, and microorganism presence (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05). Antibiotic susceptibility testing highlighted variable resistance patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ET remains a significant clinical challenge, with community-acquired infections and <em>K. pneumoniae</em> predominating. Effective antibiotic stewardship and targeted management strategies are essential to improving outcomes, especially in high-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis contamination in the district of Ndikiniméki, Centre-Cameroon region","authors":"Balifeli Bienvenu ,&nbsp;Awono-Ambene Herman Parfait ,&nbsp;Fru Chi Tchampo ,&nbsp;Kengne Fokam Alvine Christelle ,&nbsp;Djieukap Njieyap Laurelle ,&nbsp;Fongang Tankou Juvenal Cruz ,&nbsp;Taby Bidzogo Célestine Audrey ,&nbsp;Djoufounna Joel ,&nbsp;Joko Tamoufé Steve ,&nbsp;Djepand Ngognouak Thierry ,&nbsp;Christophe AntonioNkondjio ,&nbsp;Chinyere Ukaga ,&nbsp;Tombi Jeannette","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Schistosomiasis (SCH) and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) are significant public health concerns in Africa, necessitating targeted control strategies for vulnerable populations. This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding these diseases among residents of the Ndikiniméki district in Centre-Cameroon.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected through a pre-designed questionnaire from June 2023 to April 2024, involving 756 respondents aged 15 years and over from 15 villages and seven neighborhoods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of participants were women (55.89%), with most falling in the 30-50 years age range. Only 5.42% and 39.42% demonstrated good knowledge of SCH and STH, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that good knowledge was linked to living farther from watercourses (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.98, <em>P</em> = 0.02), residing in permanent homes (aOR: 0.68, <em>P</em> = 0.04), and having a higher education level (aOR: 0.25, <em>P</em> = 0.01). Attitudes and practices were also low, with only 9.39% and 15.61% showing good prevention measures for SCH and STH, respectively. Men were more susceptible to these diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight the need for comprehensive health education programs to enhance the prevention and control of these infections in rural communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2023 dengue fatality in Bangladesh: Spatial and demographic insights","authors":"Md Asaduzzaman ,&nbsp;Emil Arham Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Nayeem Hasan ,&nbsp;Mahbubur Rahman ,&nbsp;Shah Ali Akbar Ashrafi ,&nbsp;Farhana Haque ,&nbsp;Najmul Haider","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In 2023, Bangladesh faced the largest dengue outbreak, resulting in 321,179 confirmed cases and 1705 fatalities. This study aims to characterize dengue fatalities and analyze their determinants and spatial influence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the Management Information System of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, we characterized dengue mortality and conducted a linear regression analysis to determine the impact of age groups and gender on case fatality rate (CFR). We used a geographically weighted Poisson regression model to assess the spatial influence and impact of population factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Women had a higher CFR than men (0.75% vs 0.38%, <em>P</em> &lt;0.05). Among the recorded deaths, 74% (n = 1262) developed dengue shock syndrome, 17% (n = 290) expanded dengue syndrome, and 7% (n = 119) dengue hemorrhagic fever. The 10-year age groups significantly impacted CFR (estimate: 0.03, <em>P</em> &lt;0.01), suggesting that each additional decade increased CFR by 30%, whereas gender was insignificant. Higher deaths were observed in the southern regions, whereas spatial clusters were primarily concentrated around Dhaka City, the epicenter of the outbreak. Substantial effects from neighboring districts were also identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bangladesh’s 2023 dengue outbreak resulted in significant mortality, particularly, among older age groups. Fatalities were clustered in Dhaka City and its neighboring districts, especially in the south.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up among South Sudanese refugees with HIV receiving care in Adjumani District, Uganda","authors":"Christopher Nyolonga ,&nbsp;Joshua Uchaki Ufoyrwoth ,&nbsp;Trinity Wanok ,&nbsp;David Komakech ,&nbsp;Joseph Baruch Baluku ,&nbsp;Felix Bongomin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>HIV care pose a significant challenge in refugee population. We determined the incidence and predictors of loss to follow-up (LTFU) among South Sudanese refugees with HIV in Uganda.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study in public health facilities in Adjumani District, Uganda, involving South Sudanese refugees with HIV. LTFU was defined as missing 3 or more consecutive months at any point in their care since the start of the study period. A Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was fitted to determine independent predictors of LTFU and results are presented as adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included data of 449 participants, with a median age of 37 (interquartile range: 30-43) years. Most were female patients (75.5%, n = 339) receiving care from health center (HC) III (87.3%, n = 392), with baseline World Health Organization stage 1 (79.3%, n = 341), negative baseline tuberculosis status (89.1%, n = 302), and suppressed viral load (86.5%, n = 360) and had no co-morbidity (91%, n = 402). Overall, 25 (5.6%) were lost to follow-up. Factors independently associated with LTFU were being male (aHR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1-6.1, <em>P</em> = 0.03) and receiving care from HC IV (aHR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.0-8.8, <em>P</em> = 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LTFU among South Sudanese refugees with HIV in Uganda is substantial. Routine use of patient address locator forms, and improved quality of HIV care at HC IV and men-targeted outreaches and community involvement may reduce LTFU among refugees living with HIV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexually transmitted infections in women in a rural hospital in Sierra Leone: a retrospective database study","authors":"Emmanuel Marx Kanu ,&nbsp;Henning Rottmann ,&nbsp;Ioana D. Olaru ,&nbsp;Tom Theiler ,&nbsp;Islam M. Kargbo ,&nbsp;Hanna M. Mathéron ,&nbsp;Laura C. Kalkman ,&nbsp;Martin P. Grobusch ,&nbsp;Frieder Schaumburg","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the frequency of sexually transmitted infections among women of reproductive age in a rural hospital in Sierra Leone.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional database study included vaginal and endocervical swabs from 104 women of childbearing age (March 2023-March 2024) in Masanga Teaching Hospital, rural Sierra Leone. Samples were screened by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (eazyplex STD complete) for <em>Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium</em>, and <em>Treponema pallidum.</em> Demographic and medical data were obtained from medical records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age was 26 years (range: 21-33 years). HIV status was available for 84 women, of whom nine (11%) were HIV-positive. Of the 75 women with clinical information available, 73 (97%) were symptomatic. Vaginal discharge (n = 66 of 75, 88%) was the most frequently reported symptom. Tests were positive for at least one target organism in the test panel in 54 of 104 cases (52%). <em>M. hominis</em> was most often detected (n = 47 of 104, 45%<em>),</em> followed by <em>U. urealyticum</em> (n = 18 of 104, 17%) and <em>N. gonorrhoeae</em> (n = 3 of 104, 3%), whereas <em>C. trachomatis</em> and <em>T. pallidum</em> were positive in one (1%) sample each. <em>M. genitalium</em> was not detected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The detection of obligate sexually transmitted infections pathogens (i.e. <em>C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, T. pallidum</em>; n = 5 of 104, 5%) was rare in our study population and setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis treatment outcomes and their related factors in patients with tuberculosis treated at the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo","authors":"Breli Bonheur Ngouama ,&nbsp;Freisnel Hermeland Mouzinga ,&nbsp;Mita Naomie Merveille Dello ,&nbsp;Jean Claude Djontu ,&nbsp;Darrel Ornelle Elion Assiana ,&nbsp;Franck Hardain Okemba Okombi ,&nbsp;Salomon Bonsi Tchuandom ,&nbsp;Michel Illoye Ayet ,&nbsp;Lemercier Khunell Siele ,&nbsp;Jeannhey Christevy Vouvoungui ,&nbsp;Martin Peter Grobusch ,&nbsp;Alain Maxime Mouanga ,&nbsp;Alain Brice Vouidibio Mbozo ,&nbsp;Francine Ntoumi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome is one of the key indicators to evaluate the performance of TB control programs. This study aims to assess TB treatment outcomes and their related associated factors in patients treated at the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Antituberculosis Center of Brazzaville from July 2022 to August 2023, involving 305 patients with pulmonary TB diagnosed with the GenXpert MTB/RIF assay. These patients were closely monitored using acid-fast bacillus microscopy while receiving treatment based on whether they were drug-sensitive (DS) or drug-resistant. Sputum samples from patients who were DS were analyzed at 2, 5, and 6 months, whereas patients who were multi-drug–resistant (MDR) underwent a monthly sputum analysis for 9 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall successful treatment rate was 80.3%, with 70.8% of patients cured and 9.5% completing treatment. Conversely, 19.7% experienced unsuccessful outcomes, including 13.4% loss to follow-up, 3.6% deaths, and 1.6% treatment failures. The treatment success in individuals co-infected with HIV was 46.7% (seven of 15), whereas it was 42% (eight in 19) in patients who were MDR. HIV-negative status (adjusted odds ratio = 5.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.73-13.44) and DS-TB (adjusted odds ratio = 8.29; 95% confidence interval: 3.17-21.04) were associated with increased success of treatment outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The overall TB treatment success rate was below the World Health Organization End TB Strategy threshold, with a high proportion of patients lost to follow-up and a low treatment success in patients with TB/HIV and those who were MDR. The findings highlight the need to enhance supervision, improve directly observed treatment short course monitoring, and develop strategies to minimize patients lost to follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}