Igiene e sanita pubblica最新文献

{"title":"[Gender composition in the medical profession in Europe. Social implications and criticalities.]","authors":"S Albanese","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last twenty years there has been an increase in the proportion of women practicing the medical profession which has occurred in parallel with the increase in participation of women in the scientific professions. Italy has a stable percentage of women at 40% in 2016 compared to 60% in the Baltic countries, Romania and Croatia (1). This increase in the total number obtained did not automatically guarantee women doctors the right to access the roles of leaders and fair economic consideration in all the European countries analyzed. All this affects the quality of life of women and the authority of the knowledge expressed by them, with consequent implications on the economic and social context.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 5","pages":"309-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25493127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerazioni post-pandemiche: Rinascita e/o Rifondazione della Sanità pubblica.","authors":"Armando Muzzi,&nbsp;Augusto Panà","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 4","pages":"221-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38578887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The use of RCGO triggers in the obstetric - gynecological procedures: the impact on the reduction of adeverse events. The experience of the Lombardia Region].","authors":"M Moscheni,&nbsp;P Vergani,&nbsp;I Cetin,&nbsp;A Cromi,&nbsp;F Ghezzi,&nbsp;A Locatelli,&nbsp;E Iurlano,&nbsp;A Marconi,&nbsp;F Auxilia,&nbsp;L Bevilacqua,&nbsp;S Dell'Oro,&nbsp;C M Picchetti,&nbsp;L Scotti,&nbsp;M Trivelli,&nbsp;E Burato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The last few weeks of pregnancy are critical to a baby's health because important organs, including the brain and lungs, are not completely developed until the end of pregnancy. The adverse events during labor and childbirth can have very serious physical, psychological and financial consequences for the child, the family, health professionals and the whole community. These events can be reduced through interventions aimed at improving the safety and quality of care, based on evidence-based knowledge, guidelines and practices that must be widely and effectively applied. This work reports the experience of the Lombardy Region on improvement actions in the obstetric and gynecological procedures for the reduction of adverse events and sentinel events through the monitoring and management of the RCGS trigger tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 4","pages":"241-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38578892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The importance of flu vaccination during CoViD time].","authors":"Elisa Terracciano,&nbsp;Fabiana Amadori,&nbsp;Matteo De Carli,&nbsp;Laura Zaratti,&nbsp;Elisabetta Franco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the next months, the risk of coinfection with f lu virus and Sars-CoV-2 is high. Despite the number of studies dealing with the consequences of the interaction between the two viruses, the impact of this coexistence on human health is still uncertain. However, achieving high f lu vaccination coverage would mean avoiding hospital overload due to hospitalizations for f lu complications and facilitating a timely differential diagnosis that allows a quick and appropriate treatment of CoViD-19 cases. These are two valid reasons for actively promoting f lu vaccination, particularly this year when the risk of a \"twindemic\" determined by f lu and CoViD-19 is high. In Italy this year, for the first time, f lu vaccination is offered free of charge also to people aged 60 to 64, expanding individuals entitled to free vaccination. Furthermore, it is strongly recommended to healthcare workers and to elderly who live in residential or long-term care facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 4","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38578894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the implementation of clinical risk management tools in Pediatric or Neonatal Intensive Care Units: a systematic review.","authors":"Maria Lucia Specchia,&nbsp;Alessio Perilli,&nbsp;Andrea Di Pilla,&nbsp;Elettra Carini,&nbsp;Nila Tofani,&nbsp;Walter Ricciardi,&nbsp;Gianfranco Damiani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical risk management is a key area in terms of healthcare quality, especially within intensive-care settings and in the case of pediatric patients. The objective of this review is to assess the impact of tools for clinical risk management in pediatric intensive-care settings. Pubmed and Web of Science were queried to carry out a systematic review, using the PICO methodology (June 2019). Primary studies of applicative experiences of clinical risk management that had impacts in pediatric intensive care units were included. A total of 1178 articles were reviewed and 20 were included. Reactive risk management tools were used in 10 studies; proactive tools in 7; both reactive and proactive tools in 3. Sixteen studies out of 20 concerned drugs; other topics included: transition from hospital to primary care, hand hygiene, organizational aspects, human milk administration. Seven studies (35%) reported organizational impacts; Ten studies (50%) reported clinical and organizational impacts; Three studies (15%) reported organizational, clinical and economic impacts. The introduction of clinical risk management tools resulted in changes within the setting considered; combined use of reactive and proactive methodologies was highlighted in various studies, as well as an increasing focus on proactive tools, both drawing a growing trend over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 4","pages":"225-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38578888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Municipal Epidemiological Report (REC): a new fast monitoring tool for exposed population. The experience on Trino municipality, ex nuclear power plant. Mortality 1970-2019.","authors":"C Salerno,&nbsp;I Terenzi,&nbsp;V Gennaro,&nbsp;C Cagnazzo,&nbsp;M Fracassi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The law of March 2019 established the municipal epidemiological report to make easier the rapid and lowresource monitoring of the exposed population. Environmental observatory active in Trino since 2014 has equipped this tool and making the first evalution of the risk with census sections from 1970 to 2018. The result highlighted that overall mortality (for total gender) show a decreasing trend while for oncological diseases the results are more difficult to interpret especially in areas close to former industrial sites or contaminated sites. Next step is producing a REC with data for 2019 and divided by gender.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 4","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38578893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effective interventions enacted by Nurse Managers in daily practice to prevent and/or minimize the missed nursing care: ?ndings from an Italian qualitative study].","authors":"Alvisa Palese,&nbsp;Evridiki Papastavrou,&nbsp;Georgios Efstathiou,&nbsp;Panayiota Andreou,&nbsp;Renate Stemmer,&nbsp;Christina Ströhm,&nbsp;Alessandra De Reggi,&nbsp;Antonietta Rossi,&nbsp;Maura Mesaglio,&nbsp;Jessica Longhini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Missed Nursing Care is widely recognized as affecting patient safety and healthcare outcomes. Theoretical frameworks, antecedents and consequences have been extensively studied while interventions aimed at preventing the Missed Nursing Care remain little investigated to date. Nurse Managers and Nurse Directors play a main role in promoting interventions at the unit, hospital and at the policy levels. However, few evidences are available to date, thus limiting an evidence-based approach. The aim of this study was to emerge interventions used on a daily basis by Nurse Managers and Directors to prevent and/or minimize Missed Nursing Care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative descriptive study design based upon a positive deviance approach was adopted. Twelve Nurse Managers and Nurse Directors were purposefully selected, working at Hospital, Healthcare Trust or Nursing Home levels, in Italy. Participants were interviewed in two focus group sessions. A thematic analysis of the audio-recorded interviews was performed by two researchers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The following interventions have been reported as effective in preventing and/or minimizing the Missed Nursing Care: (a) Expanding the nursing care capacity; (b) Ensuring the standard of care and an early detection of failures; (c) Monitoring the processes of care; (d) Promoting a shared decision-making; (e) Redesigning the layout of the hospital systems; (f) Promoting a culture towards the Missed Nursing Care prevention, and (g) Realigning the nurse management to the care of patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Several interventions based mainly on process dimension and with preventive intents are daily enacted by Nurse Managers and Directors to prevent and/or minimize Missed Nursing Care. Measuring the effect of these interventions through rigorous studies could help in expanding the evidence available to contrast a phenomenon that threatens patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 3","pages":"173-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38561907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Attitudes of Population Living in Rural and Semi-Rural Areas towards Covid-19 :Case of the Menoua Division, Cameroon.","authors":"Eméline Zogning Makemjio,&nbsp;Armand Tiotsia Tsapi,&nbsp;Eric Défo Tamgno,&nbsp;Ghyslaine Bruna Djeunang Dongho,&nbsp;Georges Nguefack-Tsague,&nbsp;Carla Montesano,&nbsp;Vittorio Colizzi,&nbsp;Gianluca Russo,&nbsp;Martin Sanou Sobze","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic situation the world is facing caused by the new SARS-Cov-2 continues to evolve and still represent a real problem. With more than eight thousand reported cases infection, Cameroon stands as the seventh most affected country in Africa. Prevention remains the best way to fight against this zoonosis. However, the limited information available about this infection is a great barrier to stopping the propagation of the virus within the population, especially in rural and semi-rural areas, where the lack of financial and material resources is a reality. This study aimed to assessing Awareness and attitudes of the population of the Menoua Division on COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 9 to April 15 2020 amongst the populations of rural and semi-rural areas of the Menoua Division. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered face to face to each participant. The analysis was carried out using the Statistical Analysis System software (SAS version 9.4). The significance threshold was set at a P value of less than 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 434 participants of which male majority (sex ratio 1.07) were included in this study. The most represented age group was [21 - 40] years old representing 40.29% of the participants. Approximately all participants (98.57%) were aware of the world emergency state due to Coronavirus. 75.56%, 91% and 90.93% of the participants knew respectively that having close contacts, kissing and touching the face with the hands could favor the transmission of the virus. However, nearly 91.14% were not aware of the clinical symptoms of the disease. Moreover, 85.02% responded that they would not be able to comply with the confinement measures if they were applied at national level. The level of awareness varied significantly according to the occupation (p=0.038) and the educational level (p&lt;0.001)of the participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The average level of awareness of the population of the Menoua Division on COVID-19 infection was relatively low. Overcoming this pandemic disease means ensuring the flow of the correct information towards the population. Community outreach activities focus on clinical manifestations and what to do in case of COVID-19 infection as well as material and financial support should be help the population to protect themselves effectively against pandemic, particularly in rural areas and surrounding.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 3","pages":"159-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38561904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La pandemia da Coronavirus motivo di “collasso” (burnout) dei professionisti della Sanità pubblica.","authors":"Armando Muzzi,&nbsp;Augusto Panà","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 3","pages":"155-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38561903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Causes of death of Tuscan centenarians].","authors":"Lucia Giovannetti,&nbsp;Andrea Martini,&nbsp;Elisabetta Chellini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>in Italy and Tuscany the resident population aged&gt; 99 reached its all-time high in 2015. Respiratory diseases in men and ischemic heart diseases in women were the leading causes of death for Italian centenarians in 2015. The aim of this study is to describe the mortality of Tuscan centenarians by cause.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>population-based observational study using current health data, extracted from the Tuscan Regional Mortality Register. Main outcome measures are: proportional mortality and annual mortality trend at age &gt;99, age-specific mortality rates (85-89; 90-94; 95-99, &gt;99).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>at age &gt;99 ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases are among the top 5 causes of death as in the less elderly age, the relative frequency of tumors decreases and that of the ill-defined causes increases. If ill-defined and ischemic heart diseases are separated, the first cause of death is cerebrovascular diseases in males and senility in females. In the period 2002-2015 at age &gt;99 all-cause mortality fell on average every year by -0.15% for males and -0.14% for females, mortality due to arteriosclerosis decreases -10% (males) and -12% (females) every year, due to cardiac arrest and other non-specific cardiopathies -5% (males) and -7% (females) and due to cerebrovascular diseases -3% (females). Mortality due to senility increases +6% per year in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>in Tuscany the first cause of death is different by gender (cerebrovascular diseases in males and senility in females) and differs from what has been observed nationally. In the 2000s, mortality from cardiovascular diseases without diagnostic significance decreased in Tuscan centenarians and that from senility increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"76 3","pages":"187-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38561908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}