Igiene e sanita pubblica最新文献

{"title":"[Old outbreaks and new vaccines: Italy facing Ebola].","authors":"Elisa Terracciano,&nbsp;Fabiana Amadori,&nbsp;Laura Zaratti,&nbsp;Elisabetta Franco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zaire is the name of the most deadly Ebola Virus (ZEBOV), which caused many outbreaks in past years and is the causative agent of the most recent one. In July 2019, Ebola was declared a public health emergency of international concern. After this declaration, the steps required to prequalify and approve the r VSV ZEBOV vaccine followed each other quickly. Nowadays in Europe the risk of an outbreak is low. However, secondary cases in USA and Spain have alerted public opinion. Italy is not involved except for the assistance to its citizens infected in countries at risk mainly in contexts of humanitarian aid. In epidemic areas the situation deserves close monitoring, as shown by the interest of the WHO, FDA and EMA. Last year the Italian Ministry of Health issued four circulars on this subject to update epidemic data and procedures and to remember precautions. The live attenuated vaccine in use now shows encouraging results; however, the need to evaluate further vaccines remains to guarantee efficacy, safety and adequate quantities.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 6","pages":"487-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37796770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[From the traces in the wells of the urban aqueduct network to the subsequent prohibition of the use of glyphosate: the case of an area of high-intensity wine production in the province of Treviso, Veneto].","authors":"Anna De Polo, Simone Rossi, Isaia Bulfoni, Andrea Bardin, Davide Gentili, Sandro Cinquetti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glyphosate is the best-selling herbicide in the world and in 2015 the International Agency for Research on Cancer listed it among the &quot;probable carcinogens for humans&quot;, opening a scientific debate that is still going on. On these premises, in 2016, extraordinary samplings of glyphosate, its metabolite AMPA, and a similar compound, ammonium glufosinate, were carried out in 12 wells of the water network intended for domestic consumption in the territory of the Local Health Unit 2 - District of Pieve di Soligo, Province of Treviso, Veneto region, Italy. The area includes 13 municipalities at high-intensity \"Prosecco d.o.c.g.\" wine production. Traces of glyphosate (maximum reached 0.08 µg/L) and AMPA (maximum reached 0.25 µg/L, beyond the legal limit of 0.1 µg/L for drinking water) were detected in 2 wells supplying an urban area. No samples contained traces of ammonium glufosinate. Following these findings, an inter-municipal order to suspend the use of glyphosate was introduced and then entered definitively in the rural police regulation concerning all the municipalities in the Prosecco d.o.c.g. area, which led to the elimination of glyphosate and AMPA also in the initially contaminated wells. The case shows that high-consumption herbicides can reach the drinking water network of a city surrounded by territories with high agricultural activity. Moreover, the combined intervention of the institutions was fundamental to eliminate a &quot;probable carcinogen&quot; from the urban drinking water and to promote the abandonment of potentially harmful agricultural practices in favor of solutions with reduced environmental and health impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 6","pages":"451-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37797403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Project of contrast to avoidable mortality in a metropolitan local health authority].","authors":"Fabrizio Ciaralli,&nbsp;Elisabetta Fusconi,&nbsp;Giulia Cairella,&nbsp;Massimo Trinito,&nbsp;Giuseppe De Angelis,&nbsp;Italo D'Ascanio,&nbsp;Igina Nardelli,&nbsp;Concetto Saffioti,&nbsp;Flori Degrassi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The avoidable mortality (ME)represents the share of deaths that occurs at an early age (0-74 aa) for causes that cannot be faced by means of public health or health care measures. The work develops a strategic intervention plan aimed at the reduction of ME by identifying local priority actions based on epidemiologic and social-health data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a working group among the Department of Prevention, Health Information Systems and Health District was set up. The databases used were: &quot;State of Health Lazio&quot; of the Department of Epidemiology of the Lazio Region; ASL Roma 2 local health data on general mortality (2014-2016) and the local health profile of the surveillance systems \"OKkio alla Salute\", Passi and HBSC Lazio. The analysis results in an estimation of Asl Roma 2's data and in a comparison of this data set with the regional level of three indicators: avoidable mortality, prevalence and incidence of chronic diseases and lifestyle profile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>in the three-year period (2014-2016) there were about 1,900 avoidable deaths per year; in the ASL Roma2 the ME represents about 16% of the total mortality and 60% of them are borne by the male sex. 51% of ME concerns cancer, 27% is linked to cardio-vascular diseases, 10% to trauma and poisoning. A preliminary comparison of standardized ASL Roma 2 rates of prevalence and incidence with regional values shows higher figures for some pathologies in ASL Roma 2: COPD prevalence (114 vs 107), breast neoplasia incidence (174 vs 153), incidence of lung neoplasia (71 vs 65). Prevalence and incidence of chronic diseases at the District level are not entirely consistent with the regional values according to a two level score. Incorrect lifestyles are widespread in at least 30% of the population and are more frequent in families with low educational level and with reported economic difficulties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>despite the intrinsic limitations of a precise estimate of the data and the possible biases in a process of inference, the method has allowed to identify the priorities to assign in primary and secondary prevention interventions planning and for the improvement of health care; this analysis has been structured in a three years Local Strategic Plan to face the ME and was articulated in general and operational objectives and actions measured by indicators both process and, where possible, outcome evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 6","pages":"461-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37797404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La terza rivoluzione della Sanità pubblica: la Sanità pubblica informatica.","authors":"Armando Muzzi,&nbsp;Augusto Panà","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 6","pages":"413-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37797396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Protocol proposal for the management of tuberculosis cases for healthcare Local Authority].","authors":"Stefania Iannazzo,&nbsp;Vitaliano De Salazar,&nbsp;Mariarosaria Loffredo,&nbsp;Francesca Leone,&nbsp;Simona Amato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>TB is still a major public health problem and a threat to global health security. In Italy, TB control is consistent with the WHO global strategy, in which the role of prevention and, within it, contacts tracing and their management are emphasized. In this work, a protocol for the correct and homogeneous management of TB cases, at local level, is described in all its phases, from reporting to contacts management. The containment of the diffusion of the infection and the prevention of new outbreaks depend on the immediate identification of the index case and the proper performance of the epidemiological investigation. For this reason, the translation of scientific evidence into Recommendations and Guidelines is essential, and of these into operational protocols for the local level, with a clear indication of actions and responsibilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 6","pages":"419-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37797398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Telemedicine and improvement in care quality. The experience of Rome 3 Healthcare Local Autority in home care of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)].","authors":"Simona Amato,&nbsp;Giuseppina Poliandri,&nbsp;Daniela Sgroi,&nbsp;Luigia Clarici,&nbsp;Vitaliano De Salazar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in progressive muscle weakness, disability, and ultimately death. Remote evaluation of ALS patients in home care, by using telemedicine, has been shown to be safe and effective. This study showed improvements in the perceived quality of care in 24 SLA patient, improved patient satisfaction and a 15% reduction in care costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 5","pages":"371-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37571729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating driving abilities of patients under opioid treatment for chronic pain, by using the Vienna Test System and a newly released APP for smartphones (APP SafeDrive). The old and the new.","authors":"Luca Miceli,&nbsp;Rym Bednarova,&nbsp;Alessandro Rizzardo,&nbsp;Alvise Martini,&nbsp;Massimo Parolini,&nbsp;Vittorio Schweiger,&nbsp;Rossella Gottardo,&nbsp;Franco Tagliaro,&nbsp;Giorgio Della Rocca,&nbsp;Enrico Polati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study compare two tests for evaluating the driving abilities of patients undergoing opioid therapy for chronic pain: the Vienna Test System (VTS), a software developed for this purpose, and a new free APP for smartphones (SafeDrive) measuring visual and auditory reaction times.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and five patients undergoing long term opioid therapy for chronic pain were enrolled. The driving abilities of study patients were evaluated using two tests, namely the Vienna test System (VTS) and the SafeDrive APP. The concordance between the two tests was evaluated through Cohen's test. In addition we evaluated the correlation between the results of both VTS and SafeDrive tests and prescribed Morphine Equivalent Doses (MEDs), sex, age and the specific drugs taken, by multivariate linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant concordance (Cohen's K coefficient=0.476) was found between the SafeDrive APP and the VTS; multivariate linear regression analysis found no significant influences of dosage and type of opioid prescribed on test performances, but significant influences of sex and age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Authors found a significant correlation between VTS with SafeDrive test results. The SafeDrive APP is cheaper, easier to use and faster than VTS, and is portable and \"usable on the road\". Complex behavioral tasks such as driving may be severely impaired by psychoactive drugs, and consequently SafeDrive could be considered a useful portable screening tool to identify drivers with drug associated psychomotor impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 5","pages":"377-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37571730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of nurses in health education about vaccines: analysis of style and communication models of institutional vaccination campaigns].","authors":"Andrea Ianni,&nbsp;Riccardo Tedeschi,&nbsp;Anna Marchetti,&nbsp;Danila Basso,&nbsp;Roberto Virgili,&nbsp;Michela Piredda,&nbsp;Maria Grazia De Marinis,&nbsp;Tommasangelo Petitti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccine hesitancy represents an increasingly important global health issue. Nurses, together with other healthcare professionals, can play a key role in increasing vaccination uptake. The aim of this article is to analyze the main elements of positive communication styles used in vaccination campaigns and initiatives. The most important components in style, construction and contents used in several vaccination campaigns were evaluated through an original instrument, specifically developed for the present study. The most relevant aspects of nursing expertise and competencies were mixed with foundations of mass communication theory, in order to develop a framework made by 13 items, useful to evaluate different aspects of immunization campaigns. A multi-professional project was developed, to obtain a deep integration between nurse expertise in health promotion and other groups with similar public health orientation. The Authors further evaluated sociological instruments and theories from other fields, as mass communication theory and the social/behavioral approach. An integrative review was performed, about the following main themes: vaccination adherence basis; nurse role in health promotion; health education competences; multi-professionals integration in public health; positive communication style; efficacy evaluation. Key elements were collected, to prepare an original instrument to be used in evaluating several communication campaigns. The evaluation framework (13 items) was prepared and applied to vaccine communication in different institutional settings in the last five years. Main components are: elements taken from main communication models (persuasive communication models); nurse competencies in health education; public health expertise (from an expert panel). The main findings of this study regard the usefulness of evaluating main aspects of communication in the vaccine field. Nurses' knowledge and competencies in health promotion and health education add relevant meanings and cues to act against the causes for not vaccinating. It shows that is worth analyzing the main aspects of communication techniques and evaluating innovative methods to increase population confidence levels in public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 5","pages":"355-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37569862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Anti-flu Vaccine: tailor made solutions in large-scale distribution].","authors":"Elisa Terracciano,&nbsp;Fabiana Amadori,&nbsp;Laura Corso,&nbsp;Laura Zaratti,&nbsp;Elisabetta Franco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza is a public health problem with a strong impact from an epidemiological, clinical and economic point of view. Many factors contribute: ubiquity and contagiousness of the disease, antigenic variability of the viruses and the possibility of serious complications. Influenza rarely causes complications in healthy subjects. On the contrary complications can occur and be severe in people with fragile conditions. More susceptible to infection are: children, elderly, pregnant women, people with chronic conditions or undergoing immunosuppressive therapies. Vaccine is an important preventive measure. It allows to protect both the vaccinated person and those at risk. Thanks to the presence of diversified vaccines, we can offer targeted prevention. Vaccine innovations also involved production methods, allowing GPs to choose a quadrivalent cell-derived in addition to the quadrivalent egg-derived and the trivalent vaccine. Age, existing pathologies and immune system reactivity are fundamental elements guiding the customized choice of GPs. Recent years innovations concerning the increased immunogenicity (adjuvated and high-dose vaccines) and the protection against a greater number of strains (quadrivalent vaccine) in addition to new production methods (cell derived vaccine) allow us to trust in further possibilities for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 5","pages":"403-409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37569864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sanità pubblica e cambiamento climatico.","authors":"Armando Muzzi,&nbsp;Augusto Panà","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"75 5","pages":"329-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37569939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}