Igiene e sanita pubblica最新文献

{"title":"Climate change and health: cross-sectional study on the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals.","authors":"Anna Arnone, Francesco Riccardo, Giovanni Gioiello","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Climate change represents the greatest health threat of the twenty-first century, as it directly and indirectly affects the health and well-being of the population. During the conference chaired by the United Nations and called COP-28, the World Health Organization declared that climate change and the resulting air pollution are responsible for the deaths of about 7 million people in the world every year, of which the most affected are children, the elderly and residents of developing countries. In addition, an increase of about 250,000 additional deaths is expected each year between 2030 and 2050, with costs related to health damage of between $2 billion and $4 billion per year. Health professionals have a critical role to play in combating the health consequences of climate change. However, specific knowledge on the subject is scarcely investigated in Italy.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study assessed the level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of Italian healthcare professionals with respect to climate change and its implications on health.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study, conducted between April and August 2024, involved 162 health professionals in Campania, selected through an online self-administered questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>50% of participants reported an average level of knowledge. The main causes of climate change indicated were air pollution (83.3%) and the destruction of forests and agricultural land (64.8%). Only 39.5% believe that the actions of health workers can mitigate climate change. Among the limitations of the study are a possible selection bias and limited geographical representativeness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The implementation of training and awareness-raising programmes is necessary to strengthen health literacy on climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"96 3","pages":"111-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whatsapp telediagnosis of potentially malignant disorders: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Deepthi Tr, Smita M, Nitin Khargekar, Yeshoda Tg, Chythanniya Viswanathan, Adarsh Vj","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMD) require early diagnosis and consistent follow-up for effective management, particularly in remote areas with limited access to healthcare facilities. Telemedicine, especially through accessible platforms like WhatsApp, offers a promising solution for bridging these healthcare gaps by enabling timely diagnosis and follow-up of PMD. However, the accuracy and reliability of WhatsApp telediagnosis compared to traditional clinical evaluations require further validation.</p><p><strong>Aim & objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of WhatsApp-based telediagnosis for PMD in comparison to in-person clinical evaluations. Objectives included evaluating inter-evaluator reliability and agreement between clinical diagnosis and telediagnosis in terms of identifying PMD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>200 oral lesions in 198 patients visiting with a clinical diagnosis of PMDs were recorded. This data along with the image of the lesion was submitted to two Oral Medicine specialists via WhatsApp .The images were viewed and evaluated using smart phones. First evaluator used XIOMI (MI4 ) , the second evaluator used a REDMI Note 3 . Both the evaluators had a minimum of 8 years of experience in Oral Medicine. Clinical diagnosis was compared with WhatsApp telediagnosis. Biopsy of the lesion was performed and sent for histopahological diagnosis Results: :The data was collected, fed into SPSS (IBM version 23) and subjected to descriptive and Kappa statistics.CASES INCLUDED Leukoplakia -102 Lichen planus-50 OSMF-28 Malignancy-20 DEGREE OF DYSPLASIA No dysplasia-55.1% Mild -22.4% Moderate-6.8% Severe -5% Malignancy -10.3% Clinical diagnosis of Evaluator 1 Kappa value-0.844 P value Discussion: The findings highlight the potential of WhatsApp telediagnosis to serve as a reliable and accessible diagnostic tool, especially valuable in remote and underserved areas. High agreement levels suggest that telemedicine platforms like WhatsApp can deliver comparable diagnostic accuracy to in-person evaluations. However, additional studies are needed to explore broader applications of WhatsApp telediagnosis and to refine protocols for various telemedicine practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, clinical diagnosis and WhatsApp telediagonosis showed good agreement( Kappa = 0.844 and 0.891) , between evaluator 1 and 2 also showed good agreement (Kappa value =.891). • Hence Telemedicine using WhatsApp could be a valuable and feasible tool for early diagnosis and follow up of PMD, especially in remote areas where there is lack of access to health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"96 3","pages":"138-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Nurse Manager Strategies for Effective Implementation of the Fundamentals of Care.","authors":"Domenico Lombardi Fortino, Attilio Massimo de Cosmo, Alvisa Palese","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Fundamentals of Care (FoC) framework offers a person-centered, holistic approach to nursing care by emphasizing physical, psychosocial, and relational needs within therapeutic relationships. Despite growing recognition of its relevance, systematic implementation of the FoC model remains limited due to organizational, structural, and cultural barriers. Nurse managers (coordinators) play a pivotal leadership role in promoting and integrating FoC practices within clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the strategies implemented by nurse managers in Italian hospitals to support the effective adoption of the FoC framework, and to explore their perceptions, knowledge, and leadership practices related to FoC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a validated questionnaire distributed to nurse managers with Organizational Function Assignments. A purposive sampling approach was used through national scientific associations (SIDMI and CNC). Descriptive, inferential, and multivariate statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.26. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to identify latent dimensions of leadership practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 156 questionnaires received, 65 fully completed responses were analyzed. While most participants demonstrated basic knowledge of the FoC model (55.4%), only 16.9% reported having received specific training, and just 12.3% indicated institutional support for implementation. Key strategies perceived as effective included continuous staff education (65%) and regular team feedback (85%). Five principal components of leadership emerged from the PCA: empowerment, development, governance, visibility, and quality. Higher scores were associated with greater experience in the coordination role and specific training in FoC. However, systemic barriers and lack of structured support were commonly reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nurse managers are key facilitators of FoC integration in hospital settings, primarily through relational and supportive leadership. Their ability to guide teams relies on adaptable leadership styles, focused on empowerment, education, and clinical presence. Nonetheless, broader institutional investment is needed to create conditions conducive to widespread and sustainable implementation of the FoC model.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"96 3","pages":"99-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morbidity pattern of rural agricultural workers in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India - a cross sectional study.","authors":"B G Shakthi Chakravarthy, Diwakar R, Mary Peter Roshni, V V Anantharaman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Agricultural workers form a significant part of India's workforce, yet they face multiple occupational health hazards. Despite their contributions to food production, their health concerns remain underreported and inadequately addressed.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>To assess the morbidity pattern and determine the factors associated with it among agricultural workers in Chengalpattu district.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross sectional study was conducted among 400 agricultural workers in Chengalpattu district from July 2024 to February 2025.Multistage random sampling method was used to choose study participants.Data collection was carried out using a semi structured questionnaire.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of the participants was 51.85 years. 49.5% were male. 43.5% were illiterate, and 41% earned less than 3000 rupees per month. Musculoskeletal disorders (71.5%), was the most prevalent followed by Skin diseases (44%), Respiratory illnesses (42%), Heat-related illnesses (40.3%). Significant associations were found between morbidity and various socio-demographic/work-related factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights a high burden of occupational health issues among agricultural workers.There is an urgent need for including awareness programs, Personal protective equipment promotion, regular health screenings, and improved working conditions to safeguard the well-being of agricultural workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"96 3","pages":"149-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a prescription appropriateness project in RSA affiliated with ASL VC: impact on the appropriate use of drug and the economic sustainability of the NHS_an update.","authors":"Antonietta Barbieri, Rossana Monciino, Maddalena Galante, Roberta Giacometti, Luca Rabbiosi, Valerio Antognoli, Beatrice Canavera, Fabiola Formica","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;INTRODUCTION Law 405/2001, DGR of 30 July 2012, n. 45-4248 and the DGR of 2 August 2013, n. 85-6287 provide that ASLs guarantee the direct distribution of drugs from the Company's Therapeutic Handbook (PTA) necessary for the treatment of patients in residential and semi-residential care. In this context, some critical issues have emerged such as: long dispensing times with repercussions of extemporaneous prescriptions in the area by GPs and consequent disbursements under contract (CONV) and distribution on behalf (DPC), poorly controlled stocks of medicines within the structures, lack of appropriateness of therapies, significant increase in costs. The final objective is to describe the process of supplying and managing medicines for guests hospitalized in facilities for the elderly and disabled (here in after RSA) and identify strategies to optimize appropriateness pathways. METHODS In 2024, the RSAs present in ASL VC were 46, of which 36 were enrolled in the project and for which a retrospective descriptive study was conducted. Each RSA sends an Excel and a PDF (stamped and signed by the GP) of the drug request to the SC Farmaceutica Territoriale (SFT). The request indicates: date of compilation, GP, tax code/patient name and surname, drug, quantity, dosage, AIFA note, any notes. The SFT checks the requests for quantity (packages requested/indicated dosage) and quality (prescribing appropriateness) and forwards them to the Hospital Pharmacy for processing. RESULTS From 2019 to 2024, enrollment increased from 18 to 36 RSAs and guests from 1,387 to 2,058 with an average age of 84.60 (± 11.25); at the same time, there was a reduction in the average number of drugs per patient from 62.5 to 61.7 and prescriptions per patient from 32.8 vs 32.6. Over the years, the percentage of checks carried out by the SFT increased from 2% to 3%. The most frequent inappropriatenesses were: lack of AIFA note (21.4%) and PT (15.4%), prescription not compliant with AIFA notes 1 (12.1%) and 48 (4.7%) to which IPPs are subject, expired PT (12.4%), request for drugs outside PTA (9.8%), absence of diagnosis for antipsychotics (6.3%), Gross per capita agreed pharmaceutical expenditure of €163.83 in 2019 dropped to €98.25 in 2024. The DPC increased from €27.83 to €35.55 in relation to the expansion of drugs included in the PHT. DISCUSSION The extension of the study to the years 2023 and 2024 consolidated the results obtained in the study relating to the period 2019-2022, confirming how effective the pharmacist figure is in the management of drugs within RSAs. It is in fact a complex process in which different healthcare professionals intervene in the various phases (prescription, dispensing, preparation, administration, monitoring, suspension of the drug) and the systematic intervention of the pharmacist is fundamental in order to pursue a double benefit both in terms of prescribing appropriateness and economic sustainability. CONCLUSION Given the positive outcomes, th","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"95 2","pages":"32-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Falls: retrospective analysis of risk factors and prevention strategies in a healthcare organization in northern Italy.","authors":"Valentina De Franceschi, Andrea Visentin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hospital falls represent a critical patient safety issue, despite being potentially preventable events. Effective management is carried out through clinical risk assessment and requires a thorough evaluation of risk factors, incident reporting, and the implementation of targeted interventions. This study focuses on analyzing falls in a healthcare organization in Northern Italy during the period 2020-2022, examining variables such as risk factors, fall locations, and clinical and organizational consequences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To quantify and analyze hospital falls within the examined healthcare organization, stratifying by age, gender, operational unit, fall location, intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and assessing the impact on patients in terms of diagnostic tests, reported injuries, and management of incident reporting forms. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate existing organizational proposals for fall management adopted by the healthcare organization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective, multicenter study conducted across five hospitals in a healthcare organization in Northern Italy, based on incident reporting data from 2020 to 2022. Statistical analysis includes the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test, Fisher's exact test, and the Chi-square test for continuous and categorical variables.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In a study of 1,032 incident reporting cases in a hospital, most falls (0.85% of the total) occurred primarily in hospital rooms (64.2%). The most common extrinsic factors included inappropriate footwear (17%). The medical area (58.33%) was the most affected by falls. Among intrinsic factors, 28% of cases showed cognitive deficits, while 13% had urinary and fecal urgency. Significant injuries were reported in 26% of patients, including contusions and fractures, with 23 sentinel events. Comparing the five hospitals (Hospital 1, Hospital 2, Hospital 3, Hospital 4, Hospital 5), falls were most frequent in hospital rooms (67.18%), with the most common extrinsic factors including inappropriate footwear (up to 26.3%). Significant intrinsic factors included cognitive deficits (up to 40%) and urinary/fecal urgency (up to 13.1%). Patient injuries were reported in approximately 28% of cases, with various hospitals highlighting specific issues such as incomplete incident reporting forms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;Hospital falls are influenced by multiple factors, including physical environments and patients' clinical conditions. Educational interventions and procedural reviews have contributed to improved risk management. It is essential to promote a hospital safety culture through integrated strategies addressing both human and organizational factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Effective management of falls in hospitals within the Northern Italy healthcare organization requires multidimensional approaches and targeted interventions based on evi","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"95 2","pages":"55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of a New AI-Driven Method for Objective Functional Impairment Assessment Using Walker View and XCLINIC Sensors].","authors":"Ilaria Ruotolo, Annamaria Servadio, Giovanni Galeoto, Gianpietro Volonnino, Rome Italy La Russa, Umberto Guidoni, Paola Frati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, artificial intelligence has revolutionized the medical and rehabilitation sectors, providing advanced tools for patient assessment and health improvement. Its integration into forensic medicine represents a pivotal advancement that could redefine biological damage assessment methodologies. The primary objective of this study is to develop and validate an innovative forensic medical evaluation method that integrates instrumental rehabilitation assessments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All individuals included in the study will undergo three different assessments: forensic Medical Evaluation; Physiotherapeutic Evaluation, which will include Medical history and physical examination, Assessment of joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength, Gait analysis and Evaluation of quality of life through standardized assessment scales; Evaluation through Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy, and Orthoptic Therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation process begins with a forensic medical examination, followed by an instrumental functional evaluation using Walker View and XCLINIC sensors, for gait, balance, joint mobility, and muscle function. Participants also completed standardized disability and quality-of-life questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By combining traditional clinical assessments with validated rehabilitation tools, this methodology enhances objectivity, accuracy, and reproducibility in the quantification of biological damage. The proposed approach bridges the gap between forensic and rehabilitative assessments, ensuring fairer compensation processes and personalized therapeutic strategies for improving functional recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"95 2","pages":"76-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of a Programmable Keyboard on Upper Limb Function and the Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living in a Person with Hemiplegia: Case Report.","authors":"Anna Berardi, Marika Zaccagnino, Giovanni Galeoto, Donatella Valente, Virginia Barghini, Andrea Marini Padovani, Francescaroberta Panuccio, Giovanni Galeoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies on rehabilitation devices in individuals with hemiplegia have shown that robotic rehabilitation tends to be more effective in individuals with mild rather than moderate or severe hemiplegia. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the rehabilitative effectiveness of a programmable keyboard (Click4all®) in improving the performance of daily life activities (PC, tablet, and smartphone) in a 30-year-old man with hemiplegia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 31-year-old man underwent surgery in 2017 to remove prefrontal cortical dysplasia responsible for epileptic seizures. Following the operation, he developed left hemiplegia. Following this intervention, he developed left hemiplegia. The upper limb showed shoulder asymmetry in the frontal plane, with the arm extended along the trunk and the thumb slightly adducted. The patient was assessed three times using the following tools: Matching Person and Technology (MPT), Survey of Technology Use (SOTU), Assistive Technology Device Predisposition Assessment (ATD PA), and Quebec User Assessment of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0). Following the initial assessment, the patient was trained to use Click4all® at home, applying it for 30 minutes per day over a period of two months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the MPT (ATD PA) rating scale, the patient reported satisfaction with the improvements achieved across various functional domains. The average score on the QUEST ranged from 4.62 to 4.25, showing that the patient was very satisfied with the aid. Finally, the patient's evaluation of adherence and performance indicated improvements in both the usability of the device and the residual function of the plegic limb over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the Click4all® programmable keyboard was used to create a system comprising of both a rehabilitation and autonomy aid. The results highlighted not only an increased level of independence in the patient, but also a significant improvement in psychosocial well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"95 2","pages":"76-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Road cycling and safety in Italy.","authors":"Alessandro Furesi Satta, Diego Vollaro, Massimo Sacchetti, Saverio Giampaoli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bicycles are key elements for local micromobility and sport activity. Several western countries have a long tradition of cycling sport activity, and they must face road safety issues.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study has investigated the safety of competitive road cyclists in Italy, focusing on a seven-year period, comprising the COVID-19 pandemic event.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An anonymous dataset containing 5754 injury events involving competitive athletes (Italian Cycling Federation, FCI) in the period 2017-2023 has been statistically analysed. Starting from public data (National Institute of Statistics) the mortality of FCI athletes has been compared to that of non-FCI cyclists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the years from 2017 to 2023 the dataset presented 36 deaths of FCI athletes (7 during races, 29 during training sessions, belonging to the categories Juniores, Under 23, Elite and Master). No deaths involved athletes under 16 years old. Young athletes were characterized by a reduced rate of injuries when compared to Elite and Master cyclists. The data described an inverse correlation between the value of inhabitants per square km and the number of normalized injuries. Mortality of FCI athletes was lower than non-FCI cyclists, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic (p> 0.01).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The presented data showed a safer condition for younger FCI athletes when compared to Elite athletes. The comparison with general population using the bicycle for personal mobility is more complex, but some interesting data show a reduced mortality rate in FCI athletes. It is possible to speculate that specific training of FCI athletes and the regular adoption of protective equipment can play a role in reducing mortality: additional studies are required to clarify this aspect.</p>","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"95 2","pages":"66-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The administrative tasks burden in inpatient units: an observational study to quantify the impact on nursing staff's working time.","authors":"Michela Bottega, Sandra Migotto, Savina Casonato, Marco Simeoni, Monica Cecchin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Background Administrative tasks (ATs) are perceived by healthcare workers as something that takes up an inappropriate number of nurses' working time and limits their ability to provide an adequate amount of 'direct care' to their patients. Understanding the kind of ATs mistakenly attributed in this period of staff shortage can be significant in the analysis of the congruence between the nurse's skills and the work/organizational process. In the inpatient units there are some ATs performed by nurses, such as organizing documentation and forms, answering phone calls, planning visits and appointments that, could probably be performed by administrative staff. However, other ATs, such as keeping medical records and management of requests, the input of clinical data into specific administrative applications (e.g. hospital administrative admission/discharge), the care planning to support the 'patient's journey', which even if perceived as ATs, can be identified as 'indirect assistance', not visible to the patient, but closely related to the patient's journey. The aim of this study was to identify the ATs that occupy the RNs working time in acute hospital units and the frequency with which these activities are carried out. Materials and Methods A real-time repeated measure design conducted between November and December 2024, involving inpatient medical, surgical, geriatric and intensive care units. The data collection took place, via a chart in the form of a grid that recorded the ATs, the profile of the workers who carried them out, the weekly time spent in minutes and the frequency with which this activity was carried out. The data analysis looked at all the aforementioned elements', the identification of the healthcare working time spent weekly and the frequency these activities being conducted. Results The ATs carried out in inpatient units can be divided into four categories: administrative activities connected with medical records; the management of laboratory and diagnostic tests; the management of waiting lists; and those linked to 'the good functioning' of the unit. 'On average, in medical departments, the record management takes up 23.58 hours of RNs' working time per day; 17.35 hours in the surgical departments; 4.44 hours in the geriatric wards and in the intensive care units 3.29 hours. Every day, the diagnostic and laboratory tests occupy, on average, 29.49 hours of RN working time in the medical departments, 15.45 hours in the surgical units, 3.45 hours in the intensive care units, although it does not seem to absorb RN working time in the geriatric's wards. The waiting list management seems not to occupy any RN working time, except in the surgical departments, which has an average of 2.48 hours per day, while they occupy 3.56 hours of the administrative staff's (AS) working time in the medical units, 3.21 hours in the surgical area and 51 minutes in the intensive care units. Those ATs associated with the good functioning unit that t","PeriodicalId":73329,"journal":{"name":"Igiene e sanita pubblica","volume":"94 1","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}