{"title":"Robotics Application in Dentistry: A Review","authors":"Zeyang Xia;Faizan Ahmad;Hao Deng;Lin Jiang;Wenlong Qin;Qunfei Zhao;Jing Xiong","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408321","url":null,"abstract":"Digital dentistry and afterwards intelligent dentistry have been considered a trend in the development of both dental research and clinical practice. Robotics enhances precision and efficiency in medicine. In particular, robotics in dentistry is revolutionizing patient care with advanced technological integration, minimally invasive procedures, and improved outcomes and patient experiences. This review presents an in-depth concept of robots in digital dentistry, highlighting major contributions and impact in clinical scenarios. We first present the motivation behind dental robots and then will discuss the limitations and gaps between the research and applications of dental robots in different fields of dentistry. These robots are clinically involved in oral and maxillofacial surgery, dental implants, prosthodontics, orthognathic surgery, endodontics, and dental education treatments. The literature suggest that these robots are efficient, making quick decision, and maximize the benefit of digital dentistry. It fully automate the surgical procedure for diagnostic and treatment system. By integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) to these robots eliminates the clinical decision making approach for predictive analysis for early detection and prevention. Finally, the key technologies and potential developments in robotics across various fields of dentistry were demonstrated. It is also discussed carefully how aspects such as mechanical design, recognition sensors, manipulation planning, and state monitoring can significantly influence the future impact of dental robots. These components play a crucial role in enhancing the functionality and efficiency of dental robotics, paving the way for advanced dental care. This review paper will enable researchers to gain better understanding of current status, challenges and future directions of dental robots.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"851-867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan S. Pollard;David S. Hollinger;Iván E. Nail-Ulloa;Michael E. Zabala
{"title":"A Kinematically Informed Approach to Near-Future Joint Angle Estimation at the Ankle","authors":"Ryan S. Pollard;David S. Hollinger;Iván E. Nail-Ulloa;Michael E. Zabala","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408892","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated runtimes of machine learning algorithms and neural networks make their inclusion in near-future joint angle estimation difficult. The purpose of this study was to develop simple, analytical models that prioritize historical joint kinematics when estimating near-future joint angles. Five kinematically-informed and extrapolation-based methods were developed for joint angle estimation at three near-future estimation horizons: \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{pred} = 50$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms, 75 ms, and 100 ms. The estimation error and required runtimes of each prediction algorithm were evaluated on the sagittal-plane ankle angles of 24 individual subjects who performed three level-ground walking trials. Results showed that the kinematically-informed models had significantly faster estimation runtimes than Random Forest (RF) machine learning models trained and tested on identical datasets (kinematic models: \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{run}lt 0.62$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms, RF models: \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{run}gt 8.19$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms for all estimation horizons). The RF models exhibited significantly lower prediction errors than the kinematic models for estimation horizons of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{pred} = 75$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms and 100 ms, but no significance was found between the top-performing kinematic model and RF models for a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{pred} = 50$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms. These results indicate that a kinematically-informed approach to joint angle estimation can serve as a simple alternative to complex machine learning models for very near-future applications (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{pred} leq 50$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms) while serving as a comparison baseline for more distant estimation horizons (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$t_{pred} geq 75$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ms).","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"1125-1134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced EMG-Based Hand Gesture Classification in Real-World Scenarios: Mitigating Dynamic Factors With Tempo-Spatial Wavelet Transform and Deep Learning","authors":"Parul Rani;Sidharth Pancholi;Vikash Shaw;Manfredo Atzori;Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408896","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic factors, like limb position changes and electrode shifting, significantly impact the performance of EMG-based hand gesture classification as the transition is made from a laboratory-controlled environment to real-life scenarios. Traditionally, researchers have employed conventional wavelet transform methods to improve classification performance. This study compares a tempo-spatial technique that utilizes the wavelet multiresolution method and compares it with the conventional wavelet transform using eight machine learning algorithms. Two public datasets are utilized. DB1 comprising ideal conditions with a range of limb positions, while DB2 incorporates dynamic factors like electrode shifting and muscle fatigue. The training/testing involves two cases: one using single-position data and other with multiple positions. Results demonstrate that the Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifier outperforms others in classification accuracy. Proposed technique achieves mean accuracies of 84.07% (DB1) and 68.15% (DB2), while conventional wavelet transform methods achieve 79.39% (DB1) and 53.48% (DB2) for single-position DNN training. For multiple positions, particularly two limb positions, the proposed technique achieves mean accuracies of 94.43% (DB1) and 73.79% (DB2), compared to conventional wavelet transform, which achieves 84.38% (DB1) and 51.98% (DB2) with DNN. Paired t-tests (p-value<0.001) show significant improvement over conventional wavelet transformation, indicating the proposed technique’s potential to enhance gesture classification in real-world scenarios.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"1202-1211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pose-Independent Interaction Distance Adjustment for Magnetically Driven Robotic Capsules","authors":"Guoqing Li;Jing Li;Gastone Ciuti;Paolo Dario;Qiang Huang","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408324","url":null,"abstract":"Safe capsule-colon interaction for magnetically driven robotic capsules is important in clinical applications. This work presents a solution based on the amplitude information of the magnetic field to adjust the distance between the interacting magnets, in order to prevent the magnetic forces exerted on the capsule robot and the pressure on the intestine walls from being overlarge, which may cause large deformation of the colon. As the first step, the geometry of the internal magnet embedded in the capsule is optimized to approach a near-spherical amplitude of the magnetic field based on the dipole model. Next, mathematical mapping from magnetic field amplitude to the interaction distance between the magnets is presented with constraint derivation and implementation. Then, a strategy to adjust the distance between the interacting magnets is provided based on the mapping using the magnetic field information. Finally, experiments are designed to validate the pose-independent interaction distance adjustment. Compared with the previous work, the proposed solution enables the quick interaction distance adjustment between the magnets to enhance the safety of capsule-colon interaction in the magnetically driven capsule endoscopies, since the interaction distance is derived straightforwardly from the magnetic field signals, without requiring the prerequisite implementation of capsule localization.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"961-970"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaibhav Koshta;Bikesh Kumar Singh;Ajoy K. Behera;Ranganath T. G.
{"title":"Fourier Decomposition-Based Automated Classification of Healthy, COPD, and Asthma Using Single-Channel Lung Sounds","authors":"Vaibhav Koshta;Bikesh Kumar Singh;Ajoy K. Behera;Ranganath T. G.","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408325","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective discrimination of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is challenging as they share overlapping symptoms and are subject to personal interpretation. Hence, there is a demand for an alternative diagnostic system devoid of any subjective interference. The current study introduces Fourier Decomposition Method (FDM) based models utilizing Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) to identify patients with asthma and COPD by analyzing lung sound signals. The signals were decomposed into Fourier intrinsic band functions (FIBF) using three filter banks: dyadic, equal energy, and uniform band. Four statistical attributes, namely: Shannon entropy, log entropy, median absolute deviation and kurtosis, are calculated from relevant FIBF. Support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (kNN) and ensemble classifier (EC) optimized with Bayesian optimization are used for classification of asthma vs COPD and normal vs adventitious sound, respectively. The highest accuracies achieved using DCT with 10-fold cross-validation are as follows: 99.4% (Asthma vs COPD), 99.1% (Asthma vs COPD vs Normal), 99.4% (COPD vs Normal) and 99.7% (Asthma vs Normal). Similarly, the highest accuracies reported by DFT with 10-fold cross-validation are: 99.4% (Asthma vs COPD), 99.6% (Asthma vs COPD vs Normal), 99.4% (COPD vs Normal) and 99.8% (Asthma vs Normal).","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"1270-1284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian Algorithm-Based Force Profiles Optimization of Hip-Assistive Soft Exosuits Under Variable Walking Speeds","authors":"Qiang Chen;Jiaxin Wang;Qian Xiang;Shijie Guo","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3408308","url":null,"abstract":"Relevant research highlights humans’ capacity to continuously adapt their walking speed to minimize metabolic energy consumption during overground free walking. Past studies have shown that soft exosuits assisting in hip flexion and extension can reduce metabolic costs and regulate gait parameters during human locomotion. This emphasizes the need to fine-tune hip exosuit parameters to align with walking speed, thereby enhancing metabolic efficiency. This study aims to optimize assistive force parameters of hip exosuits across different walking speeds, providing insights for optimizing force profiles in outdoor walking. We employed a human-in-the-loop approach with Bayesian optimization to determine optimal force profiles for hip assistance. Six subjects performed treadmill walking at four fixed speeds (0.84, 1.16, 1.48, and 1.8 m/s), optimizing control parameters for each speed and establishing a Bayesian experience (BXE) linking walking speed to optimal parameters. Furthermore, we developed a real-time force optimization controller based on the BXE for adjusting the force parameters of assistance. Outdoor walking experiments with the same subjects showed that BXE-optimized profiles significantly reduced metabolic costs compared to fixed profiles. This study underscores the importance of optimizing assistive forces for varying walking speeds in humans.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"1232-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Liu;Ning Li;Shuai Li;Gregory J. Mancini;Jindong Tan
{"title":"Design and Evaluation for a Soft Intra-Abdominal Wireless Laparoscope","authors":"Hui Liu;Ning Li;Shuai Li;Gregory J. Mancini;Jindong Tan","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3391048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3391048","url":null,"abstract":"In single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS), magnetic anchoring and guidance system (MAGS) is a promising technique to prevent clutter in the surgical workspace and provide a larger vision field. Existing camera designs mainly rely on a rigid structure and sliding motion, which may cause stress concentration and tissue damage on curved abdominal walls. Meanwhile, the insertion procedure is also challenging. In this paper, we proposed a wireless MAGS consisting of soft material and wheel structure design. The camera can passively bend and adapt to the curved tissue surface to relieve stress concentration. The wheel structure transfers the sliding motion to rolling motion when the camera tilts and translates, avoiding tissue rupture due to dry friction and facilitating smooth motion. The experiments show the novel laparoscope has dexterous locomotion and bendability with 20° in bending angle and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$16.4mm$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 in displacement. The maximum stress is reduced by 64% compared with rigid designs. An easy and safe insertion procedure based on soft property is also introduced, which takes less than 2 minutes on average without the assistance of additional instruments.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"940-950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haipeng Liang;Wanli Zuo;Dimitri Kessler;Tristan Barrett;Zion Tsz Ho Tse
{"title":"A Pneumatic Driven MRI-Guided Robot System for Prostate Interventions","authors":"Haipeng Liang;Wanli Zuo;Dimitri Kessler;Tristan Barrett;Zion Tsz Ho Tse","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3389490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3389490","url":null,"abstract":"Under the guidance of high-resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), robotic devices offer a great advantage for prostate intervention. This paper presents an MR-safe robot, where a needle is attached to the needle guide to obtain prostate biopsies during surgeries. The robot is powered by three actuators, two of them are customized to function as a work plane that allows the needle to move horizontally and vertically, and the third actuator controls the rotation of the work plane, allowing the needle to be inserted into the prostate from different directions. All the actuators are pneumatically actuated to allow them to work in a Magnetic Resonance (MR) environment. The kinematics and mechanism of the robot are analyzed. A user interface developed using LabView is created to calculate the target position and generate a control signal for the valves. In the open-air test, the needle can reach the target with an accuracy of 1.3 mm. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) variation was measured below 5% under a 3T MR scanner.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 3","pages":"951-960"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heng Zhang;Yehui Li;Xinfa Shi;Yichong Sun;Jixiu Li;Yisen Huang;Wing Yin Ng;Chengxiang Liu;Philip Wai Yan Chiu;Chi-Kwan Lee;Zheng Li
{"title":"Toward Automatic Stomach Screening Using a Wireless Magnetically Actuated Capsule Endoscope","authors":"Heng Zhang;Yehui Li;Xinfa Shi;Yichong Sun;Jixiu Li;Yisen Huang;Wing Yin Ng;Chengxiang Liu;Philip Wai Yan Chiu;Chi-Kwan Lee;Zheng Li","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3387040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3387040","url":null,"abstract":"Stomach cancer remains one of the primary health challenges with a high incidence and motility. Magnetically actuated capsule endoscope (MACE) provides a noninvasive and practical solution for stomach screening, due to its contactless actuation and high maneuverability. In this work, with an aim of shortening procedure duration and lowering surgeon workload, we propose an automatic stomach screening strategy by using a MACE to automatically detect and capture specific gastric features for mapping the whole stomach. To achieve this, an electromagnetic actuation system and a wireless MACE with real-time video transmission and orientation feedback are developed. Magnetic actuation modeling and kinematics analysis of the MACE are conducted, based on which an optimization-based position controller and a visual-servo-based orientation controller are designed. Simulative and experimental validation are conducted for proof-of-concept, with attractive results showing that the MACE can be accurately and stably controlled with a mean absolute position error of around 2.56 mm and an average convergent time of about 1.1 s for visual servoing and that automatic stomach screening is successfully demonstrated in a stomach phantom. The proposed stomach screening strategy using a MACE indicates high potential in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 2","pages":"512-523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140820245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"daVinci Research Kit Patient Side Manipulator Dynamic Model Using Augmented Lagrangian Particle Swarm Optimization","authors":"Omer Faruk Argin;Rocco Moccia;Cristina Iacono;Fanny Ficuciello","doi":"10.1109/TMRB.2024.3387070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMRB.2024.3387070","url":null,"abstract":"In surgical robotics, accurate characterization of the dynamic model is crucial. It serves as a foundation for developing robust control algorithms that effectively handle the complex dynamics of the robot and its interactions with the environment. Additionally, an accurate dynamic model aids in estimating external forces and disturbances, enhancing the safety and stability of the control. Among surgical robots, the da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK) is one of the most used, and it has been a crucial instrument in removing a barrier to entry for new research groups in surgical robotics by facilitating the development of improved control algorithms. This paper presents a method for dynamic model identification of the dVRK *psm robot that employs a novel friction model definition. The model formulation has been modified by including the Stribeck effect at low velocities, and the friction has been estimated using the superposition method. The dynamic parameters are identified utilizing a restricted optimization method with physical consistency requirements in an Augmented Lagrangian Particle Swarm Algorithm (ALPSO) methodology. The identified model is thoroughly evaluated, and the results are compared with existing literature methods. Also, a model-based sensorless force estimation method was used to test the dynamic model.","PeriodicalId":73318,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics","volume":"6 2","pages":"589-599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140820396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}