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A Broadband Low Conversion Loss Single-Ended Resistive Mixer With an Innovative Topology 采用创新拓扑结构的宽带低转换损耗单端电阻式混频器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3376714
Tingwei Gong;Zhiqun Cheng;Chao Le;Xuefei Xuan;Bangjie Zheng;Zhiwei Zhang;Minshi Jia
{"title":"A Broadband Low Conversion Loss Single-Ended Resistive Mixer With an Innovative Topology","authors":"Tingwei Gong;Zhiqun Cheng;Chao Le;Xuefei Xuan;Bangjie Zheng;Zhiwei Zhang;Minshi Jia","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3376714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3376714","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve better broadband performance and lower conversion loss (CL), a mixer using an innovative mixing unit is proposed in this letter, which contains two gallium arsenide (GaAs) pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors (pHEMTs) and a coupled capacitor. Leveraging the analysis and the equivalent circuit of the proposed topology, the minimum local oscillator (LO) power (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$P_{mathrm {LO},min }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) and CL of the mixer are deduced and calculated. The analysis concluded that the ratio of the maximum time-varying impedance to the minimum time-varying impedance of the mixing unit maintains a substantial value across a wide frequency band, indicating enhanced broadband characteristics and reduced CL. In addition, based on the proposed topology and analysis, a single-ended mixer with a radio frequency (RF) range of 2–22 GHz and an intermediate frequency (IF) fixed at 100 MHz was implemented using the Sanan 0.15-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 m GaAs pHEMT process. With a 15-dBm LO power, the test results of this mixer reveal a 10-dB CL and 20-dB isolation within the operating frequency range of 2–22 GHz. The designed single-ended mixer monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) achieves a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 166% and occupies a chip area of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.7times 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 mm2.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"1103-1106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Enhanced Binary Particle Swarm Optimization for Pruning Digital Predistortion Models 用于剪枝数字预失真模型的增强型二元粒子群优化技术
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3411026
Kun Gao;Yufeng Zhang;Xin Liu;Jiewen Wang;Qingyue Chen;Xu Shi;Wenhua Chen;Haigang Feng;Zhenghe Feng;Fadhel M. Ghannouchi
{"title":"An Enhanced Binary Particle Swarm Optimization for Pruning Digital Predistortion Models","authors":"Kun Gao;Yufeng Zhang;Xin Liu;Jiewen Wang;Qingyue Chen;Xu Shi;Wenhua Chen;Haigang Feng;Zhenghe Feng;Fadhel M. Ghannouchi","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3411026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3411026","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose an enhanced binary particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with symmetrical uncertainty (EBPSO-SU) to reduce the complexity of the digital predistortion (DPD) model. In millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication systems, the power consumption issue is notable due to the considerable number of redundant terms in the DPD models. To prune these terms, the correlation between the label (output signal) and features (basic function terms) is first leveraged for swarm initialization. Subsequently, the EBPSO algorithm, incorporating a modified velocity-to-position mapping formula, is employed to identify key terms of the model. Measurement results from a 28 GHz power amplifier operating with a 200 MHz input signal illustrate that the proposed pruning algorithm can reduce the complexity of the full generalized memory polynomial (GMP) model by 90% while ensuring equivalent performance.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"1119-1122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficiency Enhancement of Power Amplifier Using Power Pulsewidth Modulation for Wireless Power Transfer 利用功率脉宽调制提高功率放大器在无线功率传输中的效率
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3423760
Chen Yang;Ke Jin;Weiyang Zhou;Huan Hu;Xirui Zhu
{"title":"Efficiency Enhancement of Power Amplifier Using Power Pulsewidth Modulation for Wireless Power Transfer","authors":"Chen Yang;Ke Jin;Weiyang Zhou;Huan Hu;Xirui Zhu","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3423760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3423760","url":null,"abstract":"Power amplifier (PA) is the core device for dc-RF conversion in wireless power transfer (WPT) system. However, the drain efficiency (DE) of PA decreases significantly due to the load mismatch effect at low output power levels. In this letter, a power pulsewidth modulation (PPWM) power supply is proposed to enhance the wide-power-range efficiency of PA. In this way, the average output power demand is met, and the maximum DE can always be achieved when the output power backs off. A prototype comprising a driver amplifier, a 5.8-GHz/10-W class-F PA and a 30-W PPWM power supply is fabricated and tested in the lab. Experimental results and performance comparison are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"1099-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ultrawideband, Photothermally Excited mmWave Vanadium Dioxide Switches 超宽带、光热激发毫米波二氧化钒开关
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3422848
David L. West;Ashley A. Goodnight;Nima Ghalichechian
{"title":"Ultrawideband, Photothermally Excited mmWave Vanadium Dioxide Switches","authors":"David L. West;Ashley A. Goodnight;Nima Ghalichechian","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3422848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3422848","url":null,"abstract":"We report the first demonstration of photothermally excited vanadium dioxide (VO\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) RF switches. The switches operate from dc to 65 GHz. VO\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 is a phase-change material with a volatile insulator-metal transition (IMT) at \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$68~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C, and it is a promising technology for millimeter-wave (mmWave) switching applications that require low-loss performance. However, the traditional activation of VO\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 switches using microheaters results in undesirable parasitic capacitance. We propose heating VO\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{mathbf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 with a laser, which decouples the excitation method from electromagnetic (EM) design. The coplanar waveguide (CPW) switches exhibit low-loss, ultrawideband performance, with <0.43-dB>17.7-dB return loss in the on state and >17.2-dB isolation in the off state from 10 MHz to 65 GHz. The figure of merit defined as 1/(\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000R\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{text{on}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{text{off}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) is extracted as 12.4 THz. We achieve switching times in the microsecond range using a continuous-wave 786-nm semiconductor laser.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"1083-1086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters publication 电气和电子工程师学会《微波与无线技术通讯》出版物
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3413513
{"title":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters publication","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3413513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3413513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 7","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10591616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters Information for Authors 电气和电子工程师学会《微波与无线技术通讯》作者须知
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3413511
{"title":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3413511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3413511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 7","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10591617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Elimination of Phase Offsets for Microwave Ranging Using OFDM Signals 利用 OFDM 信号消除微波测距中的相位偏移
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3422468
Yiwen Wang;Ze Li;Zengshan Tian
{"title":"Elimination of Phase Offsets for Microwave Ranging Using OFDM Signals","authors":"Yiwen Wang;Ze Li;Zengshan Tian","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3422468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3422468","url":null,"abstract":"Precise microwave ranging is critical in localization, sensing, and other applications. However, phase offsets caused by imperfections in devices, particularly in commercial networks such as WiFi, pose challenges for accurate ranging. For precise ranging, this letter proposes a novel approach to eliminate the phase offsets in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals without changing the hardware. It includes a comprehensive mathematical derivation aimed at eliminating phase offsets. We then integrated orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for ranging. We implemented the method using software-defined radio (SDR) and conducted extensive testing in an indoor environment. The results indicate that our method’s performance is on par with that of ranging operations conducted under perfectly synchronized conditions between transceivers.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 9","pages":"1127-1130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142143695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Residual Selectable Modeling Method Based on Deep Neural Network for Power Amplifiers With Multiple States 基于深度神经网络的多状态功率放大器残差可选建模方法
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420398
Zongyu Chang;Xin Hu;Boyan Li;Quanhao Yao;Yurong Yao;Weidong Wang;Fadhel M. Ghannouchi
{"title":"A Residual Selectable Modeling Method Based on Deep Neural Network for Power Amplifiers With Multiple States","authors":"Zongyu Chang;Xin Hu;Boyan Li;Quanhao Yao;Yurong Yao;Weidong Wang;Fadhel M. Ghannouchi","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420398","url":null,"abstract":"A traditional power amplifier (PA) behavioral model typically represents one specific operating state of the PA. As the number of states of PA increases, the depth of the behavioral model based on the deep neural network (DNN) deepens. However, the deepening of the DNN may result in decreased model accuracy. To solve this issue, this letter proposes a residual selectable modeling method to obtain the residual DNN (RDNN), which can be used to build the multistate PA behavioral model. Experimental results show that the multistate PA model constructed by the proposed method can improve the accuracy of the DNN-based PA model. Also, the model accuracy does not decrease with the deepening of DNNs.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"1043-1046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Separation of Heartbeat Waveforms of Simultaneous Two-Subjects Using Independent Component Analysis and Empirical Mode Decomposition 利用独立分量分析和经验模式分解分离同时进行的双被试心跳波形
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420253
Jahid Hasan Chowdhury;Md. Shihab;Sourav Kumar Pramanik;Md. Shafkat Hossain;Kaisari Ferdous;Md. Shahriar;Shekh M. M. Islam
{"title":"Separation of Heartbeat Waveforms of Simultaneous Two-Subjects Using Independent Component Analysis and Empirical Mode Decomposition","authors":"Jahid Hasan Chowdhury;Md. Shihab;Sourav Kumar Pramanik;Md. Shafkat Hossain;Kaisari Ferdous;Md. Shahriar;Shekh M. M. Islam","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420253","url":null,"abstract":"Vital sign monitoring using continuous wave (CW) microwave Doppler radar is gaining attention due to its simpler architecture and fewer signal processing chains. Existing literature focuses on utilizing the direction of arrival (DOA) technique of CW radar when the subjects are within the angular spacing limit. However, when two subjects cross the angular spacing limit for DOA estimation of the radar then the DOA technique becomes ineffective. To address this challenge, this research work focuses on testing the efficacy of two signal processing approaches [empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and independent component analysis with the joint approximation diagonalization of the eigenmatrices (ICA-JADE)] for the experimental scenarios when the subjects are within the beamwidth of the CW radar. After isolating the individual heartbeat waveforms using two different signal processing approaches it was compared with the Biopac ECG recorded heartbeat signal. Experimental results demonstrated that the ICA-JADE method superseded the performance of the EMD technique with an accuracy of 92.57% in all repeated measurements.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"1059-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A GaN MMIC Dual-Asymmetrical-Lange-Coupler-Based Load-Modulated Balanced Amplifier for Back-Off Efficiency Enhancement 基于负载调制平衡放大器的 GaN MMIC 双非对称朗格耦合器，用于提高后级效率
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420946
Luqi Yu;Yucheng Yu;Gaojing Zhang;Peng Chen;Chao Yu
{"title":"A GaN MMIC Dual-Asymmetrical-Lange-Coupler-Based Load-Modulated Balanced Amplifier for Back-Off Efficiency Enhancement","authors":"Luqi Yu;Yucheng Yu;Gaojing Zhang;Peng Chen;Chao Yu","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3420946","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a dual-asymmetrical-Lange-coupler-based load-modulated balanced amplifier (DALC-LMBA) topology is proposed for back-off efficiency enhancement. An input asymmetrical Lange coupler (ALC) is used to sequentially turn on the balanced amplifiers (BAs) for power back-off efficiency enhancement, another output ALC is adopted to generate proper load modulation (LM) for all three transistors. To verify the proposed design approach, a 23–25 GHz DALC-LMBA was implemented in a 0.12-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m gallium nitride (GaN) process. It achieves 34–34.5 dBm saturated output power with 18%–20% power-added-efficiency (PAE) and 14%–18% 8-dB back-off PAE across the band. When excited by a 200-MHz 7.2-dB peak-to-average power ratio 5G new radio (NR) signal with digital predistortion, it achieves 14.4%–18% average PAE and better than −41 dBc adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR).","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"34 8","pages":"1031-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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