IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Cooperative vs. Teleoperation Control of the Steady Hand Eye Robot with Adaptive Sclera Force Control: A Comparative Study. 具有自适应巩膜力控制的稳定手眼机器人的合作控制与远程操作控制:比较研究。
Mojtaba Esfandiari, Ji Woong Kim, Botao Zhao, Golchehr Amirkhani, Muhammad Hadi, Peter Gehlbach, Russell H Taylor, Iulian Iordachita
{"title":"Cooperative vs. Teleoperation Control of the Steady Hand Eye Robot with Adaptive Sclera Force Control: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Mojtaba Esfandiari, Ji Woong Kim, Botao Zhao, Golchehr Amirkhani, Muhammad Hadi, Peter Gehlbach, Russell H Taylor, Iulian Iordachita","doi":"10.1109/icra57147.2024.10611084","DOIUrl":"10.1109/icra57147.2024.10611084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A surgeon's physiological hand tremor can significantly impact the outcome of delicate and precise retinal surgery, such as retinal vein cannulation (RVC) and epiretinal membrane peeling. Robot-assisted eye surgery technology provides ophthalmologists with advanced capabilities such as hand tremor cancellation, hand motion scaling, and safety constraints that enable them to perform these otherwise challenging and high-risk surgeries with high precision and safety. Steady-Hand Eye Robot (SHER) with cooperative control mode can filter out surgeon's hand tremor, yet another important safety feature, that is, minimizing the contact force between the surgical instrument and sclera surface for avoiding tissue damage cannot be met in this control mode. Also, other capabilities, such as hand motion scaling and haptic feedback, require a teleoperation control framework. In this work, for the first time, we implemented a teleoperation control mode incorporated with an adaptive sclera force control algorithm using a PHANTOM Omni haptic device and a force-sensing surgical instrument equipped with Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors attached to the SHER 2.1 end-effector. This adaptive sclera force control algorithm allows the robot to dynamically minimize the tool-sclera contact force. Moreover, for the first time, we compared the performance of the proposed adaptive teleoperation mode with the cooperative mode by conducting a vessel-following experiment inside an eye phantom under a microscope.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8209-8215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quasi-static Path Planning for Continuum Robots By Sampling on Implicit Manifold. 基于隐式流形采样的连续体机器人准静态路径规划。
Yifan Wang, Yue Chen
{"title":"Quasi-static Path Planning for Continuum Robots By Sampling on Implicit Manifold.","authors":"Yifan Wang, Yue Chen","doi":"10.1109/icra57147.2024.10611372","DOIUrl":"10.1109/icra57147.2024.10611372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuum robots (CR) offer excellent dexterity and compliance in contrast to rigid-link robots, making them suitable for navigating through, and interacting with, confined environments. However, the study of path planning for CRs while considering external elastic contact is limited. The challenge lies in the fact that CRs can have multiple possible configurations when in contact, rendering the forward kinematics not well-defined, and characterizing the set of feasible robot configurations is non-trivial. In this paper, we propose to perform quasi-static path planning on an implicit manifold. We model elastic obstacles as external potential fields and formulate the robot statics in the potential field as the extremal trajectory of an optimal control problem. We show that the set of stable robot configurations is a smooth manifold diffeomorphic to a submanifold embedded in the product space of the CR actuation and base internal wrench. We then propose to perform path planning on this manifold using AtlasRRT*, a sampling-based planner dedicated to planning on implicit manifolds. Simulations in different operation scenarios were conducted and the results show that the proposed planner outperforms Euclidean space planners in terms of success rate and computational efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8728-8734"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11848831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bevel-Tip Needle Deflection Modeling, Simulation, and Validation in Multi-Layer Tissues. 多层组织中的斜面针尖偏转建模、仿真和验证。
Yanzhou Wang, Lidia Al-Zogbi, Guanyun Liu, Jiawei Liu, Junichi Tokuda, Axel Krieger, Iulian Iordachita
{"title":"Bevel-Tip Needle Deflection Modeling, Simulation, and Validation in Multi-Layer Tissues.","authors":"Yanzhou Wang, Lidia Al-Zogbi, Guanyun Liu, Jiawei Liu, Junichi Tokuda, Axel Krieger, Iulian Iordachita","doi":"10.1109/icra57147.2024.10610110","DOIUrl":"10.1109/icra57147.2024.10610110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Percutaneous needle insertions are commonly performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes as an effective alternative to more invasive surgical procedures. However, the outcome of needle-based approaches relies heavily on the accuracy of needle placement, which remains a challenge even with robot assistance and medical imaging guidance due to needle deflection caused by contact with soft tissues. In this paper, we present a novel mechanics-based 2D bevel-tip needle model that can account for the effect of nonlinear strain-dependent behavior of biological soft tissues under compression. Real-time finite element simulation allows multiple control inputs along the length of the needle with full three-degree-of-freedom (DOF) planar needle motions. Cross-validation studies using custom-designed multi-layer tissue phantoms as well as heterogeneous chicken breast tissues result in less than 1mm in-plane errors for insertions reaching depths of up to 61 mm, demonstrating the validity and generalizability of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2024 ","pages":"11598-11604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11494283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gait Event Detection with Proprioceptive Force Sensing in a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis: Validation over Walking Speeds and Slopes. 动力膝踝关节假体步态事件的本体感觉力检测:在步行速度和坡度上的验证。
Emily G Keller, Curt A Laubscher, Robert D Gregg
{"title":"Gait Event Detection with Proprioceptive Force Sensing in a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis: Validation over Walking Speeds and Slopes.","authors":"Emily G Keller, Curt A Laubscher, Robert D Gregg","doi":"10.1109/icra48891.2023.10161102","DOIUrl":"10.1109/icra48891.2023.10161102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many powered prosthetic devices use load cells to detect ground interaction forces and gait events. These sensors introduce additional weight and cost in the device. Recent proprioceptive actuators enable an algebraic relationship between actuator torques and ground contact forces. This paper presents a proprioceptive force sensing paradigm which estimates ground reaction forces as a solution to detect gait events without a load cell. A floating body dynamic model is obtained with constraints at the center of pressure representing foot-ground interaction. Constraint forces are derived to estimate ground reaction forces and subsequently timing of gait events. A treadmill experiment is conducted with a powered knee-ankle prosthesis used by an able-bodied subject walking at various speeds and slopes. Results show accurate gait event timing, with pooled data showing heel strike detection lagging by only 6.7 ± 7.2 ms and toe off detection leading by 30.4 ± 11.0 ms compared to values obtained from the load cell. These results establish proof of concept for predicting gait events without a load cell in powered prostheses with proprioceptive actuators.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2023 ","pages":"10464-10470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10414786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10006237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ColibriDoc: An Eye-in-Hand Autonomous Trocar Docking System. ColibriDoc:眼-手自动套管针对接系统。
Shervin Dehghani, Michael Sommersperger, Junjie Yang, Mehrdad Salehi, Benjamin Busam, Kai Huang, Peter Gehlbach, Iulian Iordachita, Nassir Navab, M Ali Nasseri
{"title":"ColibriDoc: An Eye-in-Hand Autonomous Trocar Docking System.","authors":"Shervin Dehghani,&nbsp;Michael Sommersperger,&nbsp;Junjie Yang,&nbsp;Mehrdad Salehi,&nbsp;Benjamin Busam,&nbsp;Kai Huang,&nbsp;Peter Gehlbach,&nbsp;Iulian Iordachita,&nbsp;Nassir Navab,&nbsp;M Ali Nasseri","doi":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal surgery is a complex medical procedure that requires exceptional expertise and dexterity. For this purpose, several robotic platforms are currently under development to enable or improve the outcome of microsurgical tasks. Since the control of such robots is often designed for navigation inside the eye in proximity to the retina, successful trocar docking and insertion of the instrument into the eye represents an additional cognitive effort, and is therefore one of the open challenges in robotic retinal surgery. For this purpose, we present a platform for autonomous trocar docking that combines computer vision and a robotic setup. Inspired by the Cuban Colibri (hummingbird) aligning its beak to a flower using only vision, we mount a camera onto the endeffector of a robotic system. By estimating the position and pose of the trocar, the robot is able to autonomously align and navigate the instrument towards the Trocar Entry Point (TEP) and finally perform the insertion. Our experiments show that the proposed method is able to accurately estimate the position and pose of the trocar and achieve repeatable autonomous docking. The aim of this work is to reduce the complexity of the robotic setup prior to the surgical task and therefore, increase the intuitiveness of the system integration into clinical workflow.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":" ","pages":"7717-7723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9484558/pdf/nihms-1836539.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40372293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Stair Ascent Phase-Variable Control of a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis. 动力膝关节-踝关节假体楼梯上升的相位可变控制。
Ross J Cortino, Edgar Bolívar-Nieto, T Kevin Best, Robert D Gregg
{"title":"Stair Ascent Phase-Variable Control of a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis.","authors":"Ross J Cortino,&nbsp;Edgar Bolívar-Nieto,&nbsp;T Kevin Best,&nbsp;Robert D Gregg","doi":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Passive prostheses cannot provide the net positive work required at the knee and ankle for step-over stair ascent. Powered prostheses can provide this net positive work, but user synchronization of joint motion and power input are critical to enabling natural stair ascent gaits. In this work, we build on previous phase variable-based control methods for walking and propose a stair ascent controller driven by the motion of the user's residual thigh. We use reference kinematics from an able-bodied dataset to produce knee and ankle joint trajectories parameterized by gait phase. We redefine the gait cycle to begin at the point of maximum hip flexion instead of heel strike to improve the phase estimate. Able-bodied bypass adapter experiments demonstrate that the phase variable controller replicates normative able-bodied kinematic trajectories with a root mean squared error of 12.66° and 2.64° for the knee and ankle, respectively. The knee and ankle joints provided on average 0.39 J/kg and 0.21 J/kg per stride, compared to the normative averages of 0.34 J/kg and 0.21 J/kg, respectively. Thus, this controller allows powered knee-ankle prostheses to perform net positive mechanical work to assist stair ascent.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2022 ","pages":"5673-5678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9432737/pdf/nihms-1785127.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9771788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
SAGE: SLAM with Appearance and Geometry Prior for Endoscopy. SAGE:用于内窥镜检查的具有外观和几何优先权的 SLAM。
Xingtong Liu, Zhaoshuo Li, Masaru Ishii, Gregory D Hager, Russell H Taylor, Mathias Unberath
{"title":"SAGE: SLAM with Appearance and Geometry Prior for Endoscopy.","authors":"Xingtong Liu, Zhaoshuo Li, Masaru Ishii, Gregory D Hager, Russell H Taylor, Mathias Unberath","doi":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9812257","DOIUrl":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9812257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In endoscopy, many applications (<i>e.g</i>., surgical navigation) would benefit from a real-time method that can simultaneously track the endoscope and reconstruct the dense 3D geometry of the observed anatomy from a monocular endoscopic video. To this end, we develop a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping system by combining the learning-based appearance and optimizable geometry priors and factor graph optimization. The appearance and geometry priors are explicitly learned in an end-to-end differentiable training pipeline to master the task of pair-wise image alignment, one of the core components of the SLAM system. In our experiments, the proposed SLAM system is shown to robustly handle the challenges of texture scarceness and illumination variation that are commonly seen in endoscopy. The system generalizes well to unseen endoscopes and subjects and performs favorably compared with a state-of-the-art feature-based SLAM system. The code repository is available at https://github.com/lppllppl920/SAGE-SLAM.git.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2022 ","pages":"5587-5593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018746/pdf/nihms-1873358.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9156195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive Semi-Supervised Intent Inferral to Control a Powered Hand Orthosis for Stroke. 自适应半监督意向推理控制用于中风的电动手部矫形器
Jingxi Xu, Cassie Meeker, Ava Chen, Lauren Winterbottom, Michaela Fraser, Sangwoo Park, Lynne M Weber, Mitchell Miya, Dawn Nilsen, Joel Stein, Matei Ciocarlie
{"title":"Adaptive Semi-Supervised Intent Inferral to Control a Powered Hand Orthosis for Stroke.","authors":"Jingxi Xu, Cassie Meeker, Ava Chen, Lauren Winterbottom, Michaela Fraser, Sangwoo Park, Lynne M Weber, Mitchell Miya, Dawn Nilsen, Joel Stein, Matei Ciocarlie","doi":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811932","DOIUrl":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to provide therapy in a functional context, controls for wearable robotic orthoses need to be robust and intuitive. We have previously introduced an intuitive, user-driven, EMG-based method to operate a robotic hand orthosis, but the process of training a control that is robust to concept drift (changes in the input signal) places a substantial burden on the user. In this paper, we explore semi-supervised learning as a paradigm for controlling a powered hand orthosis for stroke subjects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first use of semi-supervised learning for an orthotic application. Specifically, we propose a disagreement-based semi-supervision algorithm for handling intrasession concept drift based on multimodal ipsilateral sensing. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm on data collected from five stroke subjects. Our results show that the proposed algorithm helps the device adapt to intrasession drift using unlabeled data and reduces the training burden placed on the user. We also validate the feasibility of our proposed algorithm with a functional task; in these experiments, two subjects successfully completed multiple instances of a pick-and-handover task.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2022 ","pages":"8097-8103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10181849/pdf/nihms-1847263.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9470406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resolution-Optimal Motion Planning for Steerable Needles. 可操纵针的分辨率最优运动规划。
Mengyu Fu, Kiril Solovey, Oren Salzman, Ron Alterovitz
{"title":"Resolution-Optimal Motion Planning for Steerable Needles.","authors":"Mengyu Fu,&nbsp;Kiril Solovey,&nbsp;Oren Salzman,&nbsp;Ron Alterovitz","doi":"10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icra46639.2022.9811850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical steerable needles can follow 3D curvilinear trajectories inside body tissue, enabling them to move around critical anatomical structures and precisely reach clinically significant targets in a minimally invasive way. Automating needle steering, with motion planning as a key component, has the potential to maximize the accuracy, precision, speed, and safety of steerable needle procedures. In this paper, we introduce the first resolution-optimal motion planner for steerable needles that offers excellent practical performance in terms of runtime while simultaneously providing strong theoretical guarantees on completeness and the global optimality of the motion plan in finite time. Compared to state-of-the-art steerable needle motion planners, simulation experiments on realistic scenarios of lung biopsy demonstrate that our proposed planner is faster in generating higher-quality plans while incorporating clinically relevant cost functions. This indicates that the theoretical guarantees of the proposed planner have a practical impact on the motion plan quality, which is valuable for computing motion plans that minimize patient trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"2022 ","pages":"9652-9659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9629985/pdf/nihms-1845718.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9769183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Towards Efficient 3D Human Motion Prediction using Deformable Transformer-based Adversarial Network 基于变形变压器对抗网络的高效三维人体运动预测
Hua Yu, Xuanzhe Fan, Yaqing Hou, Yi Liu, Cai Kang, D. Zhou, Qiang Zhang
{"title":"Towards Efficient 3D Human Motion Prediction using Deformable Transformer-based Adversarial Network","authors":"Hua Yu, Xuanzhe Fan, Yaqing Hou, Yi Liu, Cai Kang, D. Zhou, Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICRA46639.2022.9812325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA46639.2022.9812325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73286,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","volume":"18 1","pages":"861-867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79822217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书