Human reproduction open最新文献

{"title":"The oocyte microenvironment is altered in adolescents compared to oocyte donors.","authors":"Dilan Gokyer, Sophia Akinboro, Luhan T Zhou, Anna Kleinhans, Monica M Laronda, Francesca E Duncan, Joan K Riley, Kara N Goldman, Elnur Babayev","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study question: </strong>Do the molecular signatures of cumulus cells (CCs) and follicular fluid (FF) of adolescents undergoing fertility preservation differ from that of oocyte donors?</p><p><strong>Summary answer: </strong>The microenvironment immediately surrounding the oocyte, including the CCs and FF, is altered in adolescents undergoing fertility preservation compared to oocyte donors.</p><p><strong>What is known already: </strong>Adolescents experience a period of subfecundity following menarche. Recent evidence suggests that this may be at least partially due to increased oocyte aneuploidy. Reproductive juvenescence in mammals is associated with suboptimal oocyte quality.</p><p><strong>Study design size duration: </strong>This was a prospective cohort study. Adolescents (10-19 years old, n = 23) and oocyte donors (22-30 years old, n = 31) undergoing ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval at a single center between 1 November 2020 and 1 May 2023 were enrolled in this study.</p><p><strong>Participants/materials setting methods: </strong>Patient demographics, ovarian stimulation, and oocyte retrieval outcomes were collected for all participants. The transcriptome of CCs associated with mature oocytes was compared between adolescents (10-19 years old, n = 19) and oocyte donors (22-30 years old, n = 19) using bulk RNA-sequencing. FF cytokine profiles (10-19 years old, n = 18 vs 25-30 years old, n = 16) were compared using cytokine arrays.</p><p><strong>Main results and the role of chance: </strong>RNA-seq analysis revealed 581 differentially expressed genes in CCs of adolescents relative to oocyte donors, with 361 genes downregulated and 220 upregulated. Genes enriched in pathways involved in cell cycle and cell division (e.g. GO: 1903047, <i>P</i> = 3.5 × 10<sup>-43</sup>; GO: 0051983, <i>P</i> = 4.1 × 10<sup>-30</sup>; GO: 0000281, <i>P</i> = 7.7 × 10<sup>-15</sup>; GO: 0044839, <i>P</i> = 5.3 × 10<sup>-13</sup>) were significantly downregulated, while genes enriched in several pathways involved in cellular and vesicle organization (e.g. GO: 0010256, <i>P</i> = 1.2 × 10<sup>-8</sup>; GO: 0051129, <i>P</i> = 6.8 × 10<sup>-7</sup>; GO: 0016050, <i>P</i> = 7.4 × 10<sup>-7</sup>; GO: 0051640, <i>P</i> = 8.1 × 10<sup>-7</sup>) were upregulated in CCs of adolescents compared to oocyte donors. The levels of nine cytokines were significantly increased in FF of adolescents compared to oocyte donors: IL-1 alpha (2-fold), IL-1 beta (1.7-fold), I-309 (2-fold), IL-15 (1.6-fold), TARC (1.9-fold), TPO (2.1-fold), IGFBP-4 (2-fold), IL-12-p40 (1.7-fold), and ENA-78 (1.4-fold). Interestingly, seven of these cytokines have known pro-inflammatory roles. Importantly, neither the CC transcriptomes nor FF cytokine profiles were different in adolescents with or without cancer.</p><p><strong>Large scale data: </strong>Original high-throughput sequencing data have been deposited in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database with the accession number GSE26599","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae047"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11361810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Fresh and cumulative live birth rates in mild versus conventional stimulation for IVF cycles in poor ovarian responders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoae044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoaa066.].</p>","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae044"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141556056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between uterine artery embolization for postpartum hemorrhage and second delivery on maternal and offspring outcomes: a nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Woo Jin Yang, Danbee Kang, Ji-Hee Sung, Myung Gyu Song, Hyejeong Park, Taegyun Park, Juhee Cho, Tae-Seok Seo, Soo-Young Oh","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae043","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;What are the maternal and neonatal outcomes of second delivery in women who underwent uterine artery embolization (UAE) during their first delivery?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Women who underwent UAE during their first delivery exhibited higher risks of placental problems, preterm births, and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in second delivery and the second offspring also showed increased risk of major congenital malformations, admission to the neonatal intensive care units (NICU), necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;UAE is a minimally invasive procedure used as an alternative to hysterectomy for managing severe PPH. However, recent studies have raised concerns about potential obstetric complications, including recurrent PPH, placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), and fetal growth restriction in subsequent delivery following UAE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This was a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (K-NHIS) database, covering 50 million individuals from 2004 to 2020. The cohort included 3 616 923 women with live births between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2019 with follow-up data extending to 31 December 2020.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included women who had their first live birth between 2005 and 2019, excluding those who underwent hysterectomy (without UAE = 3 612 389, UAE = 4534). Among them, we selected women who had single gestation secondary delivery (without UAE = 1 694 600, UAE = 1146). Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors, resulting in 11 184 women without UAE and 1119 women with UAE for subsequent analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Women in the UAE group had significantly higher risks of PAS (odds ratio (OR) = 38.91, 95% CI = 18.61-81.34), placenta previa (OR = 6.98, 95% CI = 5.57-8.75), and preterm birth (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.71-2.90) during their second delivery. The risk of recurrent PPH was also significantly higher (OR = 8.94, 95% CI = 7.19-11.12). Their second offspring were more likely to have major congenital malformations (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.25-2.11) and adverse neonatal outcomes, including NICU admissions (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.48-2.25). Long-term outcomes showed a higher risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (hazard ratio = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.03-2.63) but were otherwise comparable to those in the without UAE group.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;Retrospective nature of the study may have introduced exposure and outcome misclassifications, despite the reliability of the K-NHIS database. Unmeasured confounders and selection bias due to only including live births could also have influenced the results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider implications of the findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Wom","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae043"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial compaction to predict pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Hannan Al-Lamee, Katie Stone, Simon G Powell, James Wyatt, Andrew J Drakeley, Dharani K Hapangama, Nicola Tempest","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae040","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Does endometrial compaction (EC) help predict pregnancy outcomes in those undergoing ART?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;EC is associated with a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR), but this does not translate to live birth rate (LBR).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;EC describes the progesterone-induced decrease in endometrial thickness, which may be observed following the end of the proliferative phase, prior to embryo transfer. EC is proposed as a non-invasive tool to help predict pregnancy outcome in those undergoing ART, however, published data is conflicting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;A literature search was carried out by two independent authors using PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception of databases to May 2023. All peer-reviewed studies reporting EC and pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment were included.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary outcome is LBR. Secondary outcomes included other pregnancy metrics (positive pregnancy test (PPT), CPR, OPR, miscarriage rate (MR)) and rate of EC. Comparative meta-analyses comparing EC and no EC were conducted for each outcome using a random-effects model if &lt;i&gt;I&lt;/i&gt; &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &gt; 50%. The Mantel-Haenszel method was applied for pooling dichotomous data. Results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of 4030 screened articles, 21 cohort studies were included in the final analysis (n = 27 857). No significant difference was found between LBR in the EC versus the no EC group (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.87-1.04). OPR was significantly higher within the EC group (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.09-2.38), particularly when EC ≥ 15% compared to no EC (OR 3.52; 95% CI 2.36-5.23). CPR was inconsistently defined across the studies, affecting the findings. When defined as a viable intrauterine pregnancy &lt;12 weeks, the EC group had significantly higher CPR than no EC (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.15-2.92). No significant differences were found between EC and no EC for PPT (OR 1.54; 95% CI 0.97-2.45) or MR (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.92-1.56). The pooled weighted incidence of EC across all studies was 32% (95% CI 26-38%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;Heterogeneity due to differences between reported pregnancy outcomes, definition of EC, method of ultrasound, and cycle protocol may account for the lack of translation between CPR/OPR and LBR findings; thus, all pooled data should be viewed with an element of caution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider implications of the findings: &lt;/strong&gt;In this dataset, the significantly higher CPR/OPR with EC does not translate to LBR. Although stratification of women according to EC cannot currently be recommended in clinical practice, a large and well-designed clinical trial to ri","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae040"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulation of endometrial stromal serotonin homeostasis leading to abnormal phosphatidylcholine metabolism impairs decidualization in patients with recurrent implantation failure.","authors":"Jiao Tian, Zhe Zhang, Jie Mei, Na Kong, Yuan Yan, Xiaoyue Shen, Jidong Zhou, Yang Zhang, Nannan Kang, Xin Zhen, Lijun Ding, Guijun Yan, Haixiang Sun, Xiaoqiang Sheng","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae042","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Does abnormal serotonin homeostasis contribute to impaired endometrial decidualization in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Abnormal serotonin homeostasis in patients with RIF, which is accompanied by decreased monoamine oxidase (MAO) expression, affects the decidualization of endometrial stromal cells and leads to embryo implantation failure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Previous studies have indicated that the expression of MAO, which metabolizes serotonin, is reduced in the endometrium of patients with RIF, and serotonin can induce disruption of implantation in rats. However, whether abnormal serotonin homeostasis leads to impaired decidualization in patients with RIF and, if so, the mechanism involved, remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;Endometrial samples from 25 patients with RIF and 25 fertile patients were used to investigate the expression levels of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), and serotonin. We isolated human endometrial stromal cells to investigate the role of MAOA, MAOB, and serotonin in inducing decidualization &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and further explored the underlying mechanism using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The levels of serotonin in the endometrium of patients with RIF were detected by ELISA and immunohistofluorescence, and the key genes involved in abnormal serotonin metabolism were analyzed via combination with single-cell sequencing data. The effects of MAOA or MAOB on the decidualization of stromal cells were investigated using an &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; human endometrial stromal cell-induced decidualization model and a mouse artificially induced decidualization model. The potential mechanisms by which MAOA and MAOB regulate decidualization were explored by RNA-seq and LC/MS analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;We found that women with RIF have abnormal serotonin metabolism in the endometrium and attenuated MAO in endometrial stromal cells. Endometrial decidualization was accompanied by increased MAO &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. However attenuated MAO caused an increased local serotonin content in the endometrium, impairing stromal cell decidualization. RNA-seq and LC/MS analyses showed that abnormal lipid metabolism, especially phosphatidylcholine metabolism, was involved in the defective decidualization caused by MAO deficiency. Furthermore, decidualization defects were rescued by phosphatidylcholine supplementation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Large scale data: &lt;/strong&gt;RNA-seq information and raw data can be found at NCBI Bioproject number PRJNA892255.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;This study revealed that impaired serotonin metabolic homeostasis and abnormally reduced MAO expression were among th","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae042"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11293872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of asthma in singletons conceived by ART: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Shuangying Liu, Xiaoqian Zhou, Wei Wang, Min Zhang, Yu Sun, Xiaoling Hu, Jiali You, Xiaofei Huang, Yingzhi Yang, Guofang Feng, Lanfeng Xing, Long Bai, Minyue Tang, Yimin Zhu","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae041","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Do singleton children conceived by ART have a higher asthma risk than naturally conceived (NC) singletons?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;The asthma risk was similar for ART-conceived singletons and NC singletons, and there were no clear differences between the various types of ART.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Whether ART increases asthma risk in offspring is questionable. The evidence is inconsistent and limited by ethnicity, geographic distribution, inadequate confounder adjustment, unsatisfactory control groups, and specific methods of ART. Furthermore, the mediating effects of obstetric and neonatal outcomes on the association between ART and asthma remain unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This observational, single-centre study was conducted at a reproductive centre of an affiliated university hospital between September 2009 and April 2023. A total of 3227 singletons aged 3-6 years conceived by IVF versus ICSI or fresh versus frozen embryo transfer were retrospectively enrolled, and a total of 1206 NC singletons of the same age were subsequently recruited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Asthma was defined as a self-reported physician diagnosis or wheezing in the past 12 months. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine associations between asthma in offspring and ART use, adjusting for parental characteristics (age, education level, occupation type, BMI, asthma), smoking exposure, residence type, child sex, child age, and year of follow-up. Mediating effects were explored using longitudinal mediation structural equation modelling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Asthma was reported for 51 (4.2%) of the 1206 NC singletons (median [interquartile range] age 5 [4-5] years; 48.1% females) and 169 (5.2%) of the 3227 ART-conceived singletons (5 [5-5] years; 47.6% females). We found that risks of childhood asthma in singletons conceived by ART were, overall, similar to those of NC singletons before (odds ratio [OR], 1.25 [95% CI, 0.92-1.74]; &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;=&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;0.170) and after adjustment (adjusted OR [aOR], 0.66 [95% CI, 0.44-1.03]; &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;=&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;0.126). The results were similar in multiple sensitivity analyses, and there were no clear differences in asthma risks according to the method of ART. Mediation analysis revealed a significant positive indirect effect of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (standard path coefficient, &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&lt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;0.05) and a negative indirect effect of breastfeeding (&lt;i&gt;b &lt;/i&gt;= -0.012, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&lt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;0.05) on the association between ART and asthma in singleton offspring.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is limited to singletons only and cannot be generalized. The study is also limited by its retrospective observational single-centre nature and sample size. Mediation analyses were ex","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae041"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infertility and pregnancy outcomes among adults with primary ciliary dyskinesia.","authors":"Leonie D Schreck, Eva S L Pedersen, Katie Dexter, Michele Manion, Nathalie Massin, Bernard Maitre, Myrofora Goutaki, Claudia E Kuehni","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae039","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;What is the prevalence of infertility and ectopic pregnancies among individuals with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;We found that 39 of 50 men (78%) and 72 of 118 women (61%) with PCD were infertile and that women with PCD had an increased risk of ectopic pregnancies (7.6 per 100 pregnancies, 95% CI 4.7-12.2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;PCD is a heterogeneous multiorgan disease caused by mutations in genes required for the function and structure of motile cilia. Previous studies identified a link between PCD and infertility, but original data on prevalence of infertility and risk of ectopic pregnancies, the use and efficacy of medically assisted reproduction (MAR), and the association of fertility with PCD genotype are extremely limited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;We performed a cross-sectional survey about fertility within the &lt;i&gt;Living with PCD&lt;/i&gt; study (formerly COVID-PCD). &lt;i&gt;Living with PCD&lt;/i&gt; is an international, online, participatory study that collects information directly from people with PCD. People with PCD of any age from anywhere in the world can participate in the study. At the time of the survey, 482 adults with PCD were registered within the &lt;i&gt;Living with PCD&lt;/i&gt; study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We sent a questionnaire on fertility on 12 July 2022, to all participants older than 18 years enrolled in the &lt;i&gt;Living with PCD&lt;/i&gt; study. Responses were collected until 8 March 2023. The fertility questionnaire covered topics related to pregnancy attempts, use of MAR, and pregnancy outcomes. Data were collected via the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) platform. We defined infertility as failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or use of MAR for at least one pregnancy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;In total, 265 of 482 adult participants (55%) completed the fertility questionnaire. Among 168 adults who had tried to conceive, 39 of 50 men (78%) and 72 of 118 women (61%) were infertile. Of the infertile men, 28 had tried MAR, and 17 of them (61%) fathered a child with the help of MAR. Among infertile women, 59 had used MAR, and 41 of them (69%) became pregnant with the help of MAR. In our population, women with PCD showed a relatively high risk of ectopic pregnancies: 1 in 10 women who became pregnant had at least one ectopic pregnancy and 7.6% of pregnancies were ectopic (95% CI 4.7-12.2). We evaluated the association between fertility and affected PCD genes in 46 individuals (11 men, 35 women) with available genetic and fertility information, and found differences between genotypes, e.g. all five women with a mutation in &lt;i&gt;CCDC40&lt;/i&gt; were infertile and all five with &lt;i&gt;DNAH11&lt;/i&gt; were fertile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;The study has limitations, including potential selection bias as people experie","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae039"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11219480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive factors and their association with physical and comprehensive frailty in middle-aged and older women: a large-scale population-based study.","authors":"Wenting Hao, Qi Wang, Ruihong Yu, Shiva Raj Mishra, Salim S Virani, Nipun Shrestha, Chunying Fu, Dongshan Zhu","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae038","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Are women's reproductive factors associated with physical frailty and comprehensive frailty in middle-age and later life?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Early menarche at &lt;13 years, age at menopause &lt;45 years, surgical menopause, experiencing miscarriage and a shorter reproductive period of &lt;35 years were associated with increased odds of frailty, while having two or three children was related to decreased likelihood of frailty.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Evidence has shown that women are frailer than men in all age groups and across different populations, although women have longer lifespans. Female-specific reproductive factors may be related to risk of frailty in women.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design size duration: &lt;/strong&gt;A population-based cross-sectional study involved 189 898 women from the UK Biobank.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials setting methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Frailty phenotype and frailty index were used to assess physical frailty and comprehensive frailty (assessed using 38 health indicators for physical and mental wellbeing), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI between reproductive factors and likelihood of physical frailty and comprehensive frailty. Restricted cubic spline models were used to test the non-linear associations between them. In addition, we examined the combined effect of categorized age at menopause and menopause hormone therapy (MHT) on frailty.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a J-shape relationship between age at menarche, reproductive period, and frailty; age at menarche &lt;13 years and &gt;16 years, and reproductive period &lt;35 years or &gt;40 years were all associated with increased odds of frailty. There was a negative linear relationship between menopausal age (either natural or surgical) and odds of frailty. Surgical menopause was associated with 30% higher odds of physical frailty (1.34, 1.27-1.43) and 30% higher odds of comprehensive frailty (1.30, 1.25-1.35). Having two or three children was linked to the lowest likelihood of physical frailty (0.48, 0.38-0.59) and comprehensive frailty (0.72, 0.64-0.81). Experiencing a miscarriage increased the odds of frailty. MHT use was linked to increased odds of physical frailty in women with normal age at natural menopause (after 45 years), while no elevated likelihood was observed in women with early natural menopause taking MHT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;The reproductive factors were self-reported and the data might be subject to recall bias. We lacked information on the types and initiation time of MHT, could not identify infertile women who later became pregnant, and the number of infertile women may be underestimated. Individuals participating in the UK Biobank are not representative of the general UK population, limiting the generalization of our findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae038"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometriosis: from iron and macrophages to exosomes. Is the sky clearing?","authors":"Jacques Donnez, Marie-Madeleine Dolmans","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae034"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'There will be blood'^† A proof of concept for the role of haemorrhagic corpora lutea in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.","authors":"Paolo Vercellini, Camilla Erminia Maria Merli, Paola Viganò","doi":"10.1093/hropen/hoae035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hropen/hoae035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73264,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction open","volume":"2024 3","pages":"hoae035"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}