HRB open research最新文献

{"title":"Exploring how health inequalities are conceptualised and measured in patient experience surveys in acute care: a protocol for a scoping review.","authors":"David Healy, John Gilmore, Jenny King, Jenny McSharry, Oonagh Meade, Éidín Ní Shé, Lorna Sweeney, Conor Foley, Chris Noone","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13998.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13998.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Measuring patient experience has become standard practice in many countries. However, despite the widespread awareness of the impact of health inequalities on various aspects of health, including patient experience, a comprehensive examination of whether and how health inequalities are measured in patient experience surveys has yet to be completed. The ways in which these surveys conceptualise health inequalities may have important implications for how information about inequalities in patient experience is reported and used to allocate resources and plan quality improvement in health services.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this scoping review is to map measured and overlooked health inequalities in patient experience surveys in acute care and explore what factors potentially explain current conceptualisations and measurement practices of these health inequalities. Inclusion criteria: Papers and survey programmes that contain survey materials relating to adult patient experience measurement in any acute care context will be included. No limits will be placed the personal characteristics of people who completes the survey.</p><p><strong>Inclusion criteria: </strong>Papers and survey programmes that contain survey materials relating to adult patient experience measurement in any acute care context will be included. No limits will be placed the personal characteristics of people who completes the survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search strategy was developed with an information specialist. The database search will be limited to after September 2021. Reviews, opinion pieces, letters, editorials, conference proceedings and other such sources will be excluded as a publication source. Grey literature searches will be completed, and relevant experts will also be contacted to identify any patient experience surveys not captured through database or grey literature searches. Non-English papers will be included only if resources allow. Two independent reviewers will complete title and abstract, and full-text screening. Additional reviewers will resolve any conflicts. A data extraction form developed by the review team is being used. The extracted data will be analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis, a qualitative method used to examine how power, dominance and inequality are enacted in text.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAintAin Activity in Arthritis: A study protocol of the co-development and feasibility testing of a physical activity maintenance intervention.","authors":"Suzanne McDonough, Aoife Stephenson, Chloe Grimmett, Kathleen Bennett, Noreena Coyle, Stacey Grealis, Claire Kinneavy, Oliver Fitzgerald, Helen French, Maria Stokes, Aisling Walsh, Mick Thacker, Deirdre Hurley Osing, David French","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14002.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14002.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the wealth of evidence demonstrating the health benefits of physical activity (PA), people with arthritis commonly do not meet recommended PA levels. Whilst various programmes support people with arthritis to become active, most individuals reduce their level of PA after completion of a structured exercise programme. This research aims to co-develop and feasibility test a PA maintenance intervention for those living with arthritis, after exit from a structured exercise programme.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intervention development was guided by the INDEX framework for developing complex interventions.Phase 1, Evidence Synthesis: Bring together existing evidence, clinical guidelines and behavior change theories for PA maintenance in arthritis, to develop an intervention logic model.Phase 2, Observation and qualitative study: Conduct an observational analysis of a physiotherapy led structured exercise programme for those living with arthritis, to understand what behaviour change components are used and what might support PA maintenance. Followed by a qualitative exploration of PA maintenance barriers, facilitators and strategies for those who have participated in the classes, their family members/friends and the delivering physiotherapist.Phase 3, Finalise intervention prototype: Results from phases 1 and 2, will be triangulated to inform potential intervention options. Those living with arthritis/key stakeholders will be invited to participatory workshops to refine intervention content and delivery modes.Phase 4, Feasibility Study: The final phase is a pre-post, mixed methods feasibility evaluation of the newly developed multicomponent PA maintenance intervention for people living with arthritis, after completion of a physiotherapy led structured exercise programme.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Intervention development will bring together PA maintenance theory and evidence with user input and other key contextual factors. User input will be achieved by collaboration with two embedded patient researchers and a wider Public Patient Involvement (PPI) panel to ensure diverse patient experiences and perspectives are heard and inform programme design.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long-term general practice healthcare of women with a history of gestational diabetes: A Scoping Review Protocol.","authors":"James O'Flynn, Rita McMorrow, Tony Foley, Rita Forde, Sheena McHugh, Christine Newman, Aisling A Jennings","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14022.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.14022.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a hyperglycaemic condition diagnosed during pregnancy. GDM is strongly associated with future development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle and pharmacological interventions can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. General practice is the recommended setting for long-term follow-up of women with a history of GDM. However, rates of follow-up are suboptimal. The evidence around long-term general practice healthcare for women with a history of GDM has not previously been reviewed.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this scoping review is to explore the current evidence base for the long-term care of women with a history of GDM in general practice.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The study described by this protocol is a scoping review. The study design was informed by Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Empirical qualitative and quantitative research studies published since 2014 will be identified from a search of the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Elsevier), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete and SocIndex. The review will identify key characteristics of the literature. Framework analysis will be used to map the findings against the Chronic Care Model, a primary care-based framework that sets out the core components for optimal long-term healthcare.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A numerical descriptive summary (using frequencies) will describe the overall extent of literature, and the range and distribution of its component parts, including the geographical and economic settings, research methods, interventions, outcomes and findings. The qualitative analysis will map interventions and descriptions of care to components of the chronic care model. Research gaps will be reported, and research needs and priorities will be suggested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this scoping review will have the potential to inform future research efforts in the area.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>This protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/bz2vh).</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a stroke research Public Patient Involvement Panel.","authors":"Siobhán O'Reilly, Aoife Whiston, Aine Cronin, Eva Corbett, Amy O'Mahony, Molly X Manning, Pauline Boland, Katie Robinson, Rose Galvin, Joanna M Allardyce, Mike Butler, Jim Bradley, Jon Salsberg, Margaret O'Connor, Patricia Pond, Eva Murphy, Liam G Glynn, Nora Cunningham, Edel Hennessy, Sara Hayes","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13838.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13838.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Public and patient involvement (PPI) is important in stroke research to ensure that research conducted reflects the priorities and needs of people after stroke. Several factors have been found to affect PPI, including location of the research and time requirements for participation. The incidence of stroke is rising, and can result in symptoms including fatigue, depression, and physical/cognitive impairments.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>1) Describe the development of a PPI panelpanel and a healthcare professional panelpanel for stroke rehabilitation research and 2) to explore the perspectives of the members of the PPI groups on being involved in the research process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A stakeholder panel consisting of up to 20 people with stroke, members of the public and healthcare professionals will be formed. A pragmatic purposive sampling technique using snowball sampling will be used to recruit members. The PPI panel will meet four times and will be supported by the guidelines developed from the INVOLVE framework. The PPI panel will be involved as co-researchers in the conceptualisation of future stroke rehabilitation research, the delivery of such studies, the analysis and dissemination of findings. Following the development of the panel, we will conduct a semi-structured focus groups to collect qualitative data, examining the perspectives of members. Data will be transcribed and analysed using Braun and Clarke's Reflexive Thematic Analysis. This will result in a set of themes and subthemes describing participants' opinions and experience of being on a PPI panel in stroke rehabilitation research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPI is an essential part of research in stroke. Stakeholders can provide key insights into the research processes. The results of this qualitative study will provide insight into the barriers and enablers of their participation in PPI in stroke rehabilitation research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of guidance issued during COVID-19 to expand take-home doses of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) in Ireland: protocol for a population-based analysis of prescribing practices and patient outcomes 2018 to 2023.","authors":"Gráinne Cousins, Louise Durand, Kathleen Bennett, Andy O'Hara, Des Crowley, Suzi Lyons, Eamon Keenan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14044.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14044.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is increasingly suggested that clinical guidelines and practices be updated to permanently expand relaxation around access to opioid agonist treatment (OAT) take-home doses after COVID-19. Despite a risk of OAT drug diversion, flexibility in take-home doses is valued by patients and associated with improved quality of life and retention. However, few studies have examined the effects of changes to take-home dose policies on prescribing practices and patient outcomes, with mixed results.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This protocol relates to three inter-related studies. The first study will examine the impact of guidance issued on March 13th 2020 to all clinicians involved in the delivery of OAT to give the maximum number of take-home doses having given due consideration to the safety of the patient, on prescribing practices for take-home doses of methadone and buprenorphine in primary care. The second study will examine the association between increased take-home doses of OAT following March 13th 2020 guidance and treatment discontinuation in primary care. The third study will examine methadone-related deaths in Ireland before and after the guidance issue, and whether methadone-related deaths varied by whether the deceased was on OAT treatment at the time of death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational studies will be carried out. The first study will use a time series design to examine changes in prescribing practices of take-home doses. The second study will use a retrospective cohort study design with proportional hazard Cox models to evaluate the association between increased take-home doses and treatment discontinuation. The third study will use a repeated cross-sectional study design with interrupted time series analysis, stratified by OAT treatment status, to assess changes in methadone-related deaths.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It is anticipated that the studies will generate evidence with potential to inform both clinical and policy decision making with respect to take-home dosing of OAT.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A roadmap towards Ireland's membership of BBMRI-ERIC.","authors":"Amina Arar, Heidi Annuk, Sean O Hynes, Emma Snapes, Michael Kerin, Sonja Khan, Nicola Miller","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14089.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.14089.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>BioBANC Symposium has become a key forum for the Irish biobanking community. The third annual event focused on networking and quality, featuring a workshop to explore the role and value of networked biobanking for Ireland. The Director General of BBMRI-ERIC advanced these discussions by addressing an audience of interdisciplinary experts, high-level stakeholders, and policymakers from the Irish biobanking community, as well as representatives from the Health Research Charities Ireland (HRCI), the National Clinical Trials Office (NCTO), the European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN-ERIC) research infrastructure, and the Department of Health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A panel discussion brought together an array of experts from patient advocacy, clinical trials, pharmaceutical industry, government, healthcare policy and BBMRI-ERIC representation to explore the integration of Ireland into the BBMRI-ERIC network. This diverse panel discussed strategies to enhance Ireland's biobanking capabilities and leverage international collaborations. Themes explored included the benefits, gaps and changes needed if Ireland was to consider membership of BBMRI-ERIC. VEVOX live polling was used to gauge audience views and questions on posed topics, enabling interactive audience participation and capturing real-time feedback to enrich the discussion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Substantial benefits that BBMRI-ERIC membership would bring for Ireland were highlighted, including enhanced infrastructure, standardised practices, and greater economic opportunities. Attendees also delved into how Ireland could address current gaps and align its biobanking operations with broader European standards. The discussion identified several critical themes and recommendations to address the need for funding, legislative support, education, public engagement, and strategic planning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article aims to encapsulate the discussions and outcomes of BioBANC Symposium III, focusing on the strategic moves Ireland must consider harnessing the full potential of its biobanking community. It serves not just as a record of proceedings but as a guide for action, urging stakeholders at all levels to collaborate towards a unified goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life After Stroke and Supportive Stroke Pathways: Protocol For A Rapid Realist Review.","authors":"Olive Lennon, Mary O'Neill, Killian Walsh, Frances Horgan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14034.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.14034.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ever-growing numbers of individuals are surviving stroke and living with the consequences. Life after stroke is a key pillar in addressing the burden of stroke for the remaining lifespan for those with stroke. No consensus on how to best promote agency and fulfilment in life after stroke or the resources required to achieve this currently exists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this realist review protocol we outline the methods we will use to gain an understanding of supporting Life after Stroke through the development of programme theories. These will consist of context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) and will acknowledge the resources required. The review will follow the RAMESES five-stage structured methodology to (1) define the scope of the review, and the development of initial programme theories for supporting life after stroke, (2) develop a comprehensive search strategy to identify relevant research, (3) review primary studies and extract data, (4) synthesise evidence (5) refine programme theories iteratively throughout the process using an Expert Panel and reference group, to including stroke researchers, health care professionals working in stroke care, people with lived experience of stroke and carers, and stroke support agencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This realist review aims to conceptualise supports for Life after Stroke. The CMOCs developed will help explain how generative causation within the life after stroke pathway works. The findings will help inform policy and practice and inform future realist evaluations of Life after Stroke support pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for the development of an intervention to improve the use of Point-of-caRE DiagnostICs in the management of respiraTOry tRact infectionS in primary care (the PREDICTORS study).","authors":"Joseph O'Shea, Carmel Hughes, Gerard Molloy, Cathal Cadogan, Akke Vellinga, Tom Fahey, Gail Hayward, Paul Ryan, Aoife Fleming, Eimear Morrissey, Laura Cooke, Cristin Ryan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13962.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13962.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health challenge, exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, particularly in primary care where up to 50% of antibiotic prescriptions prescribed by general practitioners (GPs) and dispensed by community pharmacists (CPs) are deemed inappropriate. Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most common conditions leading to GP consultations and subsequent antibiotic prescribing, much of which is inappropriate as most RTIs are viral in nature or self-limiting bacterial infections. Point-of-care tests (POCTs) have emerged as tools to improve the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of RTIs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to develop and test an intervention to improve the use of POCTs in managing RTIs involving GPs and CPs in Irish primary care, following the UK's Medical Research Council's (MRC) framework for complex intervention development, involving five work-packages (WPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>WP1 involves creating best practice guidance for using POCT in managing RTIs, informed by a scoping review and validated with an expert Delphi panel. This guidance will be used to define target behaviour(s) for GPs and CPs related to POCT use. WP2 explores GP and CP perceived barriers and facilitators to these behaviours using the Theoretical Domains Framework, mapping influential domains to Behaviour Change Techniques to develop draft interventions. WP3 gathers patients' perspectives on using POCTs for RTIs. In WP4, a task group will review and finalise the intervention(s). They will consider patients' perspectives from WP3 and assess feasibility of the intervention(s). WP5 involves a proof-of-concept study to test the feasibility of the newly developed intervention(s).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A theoretically informed intervention(s) for using POCT(s) in the management of RTIs in primary care in Ireland will be developed and tested in a proof-of-concept study, following MRC guidance. Further refinement and larger studies will be needed to determine its effectiveness before widespread implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pregnancy on the island of Ireland: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for future pandemic preparedness.","authors":"Melissa Kelly, Joanne Given, Julie Arnott, Helen Dolk, Richard A Greene, Ali S Khashan, Seamus Leonard, Mairéad Madigan, Mary T O'Mahony, Maria Loane, Gillian M Maher","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14011.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14011.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monitoring coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and vaccination during pregnancy is vital because of the increased susceptibility to severe disease. This article outlines the available data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during pregnancy in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and describes the processes, strengths, and weaknesses of available data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three data sources on COVID-19 vaccination and infection were identified in the ROI: the national computerized infectious disease reporting (CIDR) system used for reporting notifiable infectious diseases, the national dataset of all COVID-19 vaccinations for all residents (COVAX), and a regional Maternal and Newborn Clinical Management System (MN-CMS), which includes data on COVID-19 vaccination and infection. Four data sources were identified in NI: the NI maternity system (NIMATS) records maternity data, including COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy; datasets of COVID-19 antigen testing performed in hospitals (Pillar 1) and in the community (Pillar 2); and the NI Vaccine Management System dataset of COVID-19 Vaccinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the ROI, the CIDR database allows for the calculation of COVID-19 infection rates in women of reproductive age; however, pregnancy status remains largely unreported. The COVAX dataset includes pregnancy status, although the accuracy depends on whether the pregnancy is known at the time of vaccination. The MN-CMS tracks COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy. However, there are uncertainties regarding its reliability. In NI, COVID-19 data are available for all pregnant women using Health and Care numbers to link the NIMATS data to testing and vaccination databases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both countries track COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates, but the strength of the NI system is the use of unique identification numbers that allow linkage of maternal records to infection and vaccination databases. Both countries face delays in data access, underscoring the need for real-time systems to support future pandemic preparedness.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equality, Diversity and Inclusion characteristics measured or reported in randomised trials of intrapartum interventions: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Susan Hannon, Aoife Smith, John Gilmore, Valerie Smith","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14012.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14012.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) has gained discursive momentum across multiple arenas, including in maternal health research. As a preliminary exploration for future discussion and development, we undertook a scoping review to identify the types, frequency, and extent of EDI characteristics that were measured and reported in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of intrapartum interventions specifically.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance for scoping reviews guided the conduct of the review. The population were women of any parity and risk category who were enrolled in intrapartum RCTs in any birth setting or geographical location. The concept was measured and reported EDI characteristics. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched from January 2019 to March 2024. Data were extracted using a pre-designed form. The findings were summarised and narratively reported supported by illustrative tables and graphs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-hundred and forty-seven RCTs from 49 countries were included. Eleven EDI characteristics were measured or reported in at least one RCT, although frequency varied. Religion, for example, featured in three RCTs only, whereas Age featured in 222 RCTs. How the EDI characteristics featured also varied. Race/Ethnicity, for example, was described in 21 different ways in 25 RCTs. Similarly, Education was reported in 62 different ways across 96 RCTs. Ninety RCTs limited inclusion to nulliparous participants only, six RCTs required participants to have a minimum educational level, 127 RCTs had inclusion age cut-offs although 23 different variations of this were noted and 15 RCTs excluded participants on the grounds of disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoping review highlights EDI characteristic measurement and reporting deficits in intrapartum RCTs. There is a critical need for improvements in designing, conducting, and reporting RCTs to incorporate EDI. By adopting more extensive EDI practices a greater understanding of healthcare treatments and innovations leading to enhanced maternal health equity could be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}