HRB open research最新文献

{"title":"CP-EXCEL:  A feasibility randomised controlled trial of an online exercise programme for adults with cerebral palsy.","authors":"Manjula Manikandan, Pauline Hunter-Graham, Ailish McGahey, Miriam Creeger, Rebecca Walters, Aisling Walsh, Karen McConnell, Claire Kerr, Claire Kenny, Éabha Wall, Fiona Weldon, Jessica Burke, Kevin Bravender, Rachel Byrne, Jennifer Ryan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14150.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14150.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) are at increased risk of non-communicable diseases and often experience secondary complications as they age. Physical activity can mitigate these risks and improve well-being. However, adults with CP face significant challenges in accessing structured, tailored exercise programmes due to limited service availability and environmental barriers. A group online exercise programme may overcome some of the barriers to accessing exercise faced by adults with CP. CP-EXCEL aims to evaluate the feasibility of an online exercise programme for adults with CP. The study will examine the demand, implementation, practicality, adaptability, acceptability, and potential efficacy of delivering the online exercise programme to adults with CP in Ireland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This feasibility randomised controlled trial will recruit 60 adults with CP. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an eight-week online exercise intervention or a control group. The feasibility of the programme will be evaluated across five key domains: 1) demand as indicated by recruitment rate; 2) implementation as indicated by attendance; 3) practicality as indicated by number and type of adverse events; 4) adaptability, by examining how the programme accommodates varying levels of mobility and associated impairments; and 5) acceptability explored through semi-structured interviews with participants. To assess preliminary efficacy, the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) will be used to measure changes in physical, mental, and social functioning at baseline and post-intervention. Quantitative outcomes will be analysed using linear mixed models, and qualitative data will be analysed using framework analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will provide valuable insights into the feasibility of an online exercise programme tailored for adults with CP And inform the design of a future fully powered randomised controlled trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13221627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content, implementation, and evaluation of capacity-strengthening initiatives for public and patient involvement in mental health research: a scoping review protocol informed by implementation science.","authors":"Shaakya Anand-Vembar, Brian Keogh, Agnes Higgins, Greg Sheaf, Yulia Kartalova-O'Doherty, Olivia Longe, Lorna Staines, David McEvoy, Allyson J Gallant, Caroline Wilson, Leona Ryan, Christine FitzGerald, Caoimhe Nic Aodha, Chelsea Ryan, Michelle Doody, Nikki Horkan, Nora Hanney, Oisín Breen, Robyn Thomas, Sarah Watters, Louise Doyle, David Cotter, Catherine D Darker, Mary Cannon, John Lyne, Colm McDonald, Colm Healy, Gary Donohue, Sarah Burke, Karen O'Connor, David Mongan, Rebecca Murphy, Donal O'Keeffe","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14287.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14287.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) in mental health research is increasingly recognised as a moral and ethical imperative, necessary to increase the relevance and effectiveness of translation of research findings. Despite policy mandates and growing evidence of its benefits, PPI implementation in mental health research remains inconsistent. Little attention has been given to the state of scientific knowledge on PPI capacity strengthening in mental health research that can support more meaningful implementation. The aims of this scoping review are to: describe the content, implementation process, and theoretical underpinnings of PPI capacity-strengthening initiatives in mental health research; identify quantitative outcome measures and outcomes used to evaluate the initiatives' impact on PPI contributors, research processes, and policy; and map barriers and enablers to the initiatives' implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review will follow JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Sources will include peer-reviewed articles, grey literature, and organisational materials describing training or skill-building initiatives for adult PPI contributors in mental health research. Searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, supplemented by hand-searching, targeted internet searches, and stakeholder consultation. Data extraction will capture descriptive details, initiative content, outcomes, and contextual factors, with barriers and enablers categorised according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review will provide the first comprehensive synthesis of capacity-strengthening initiatives for PPI contributors in mental health research. Findings will inform the development of a co-designed blueprint for capacity-strengthening for PPI contributors, and progress broader efforts to embed lived experience expertise and general public perspectives equitably within mental health research systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to improve sexual health among the homeless community: a realist review protocol.","authors":"Hau Nguyen, John Gilmore, Rikke Siersbaek, Chris Noone","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14193.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14193.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People experiencing homelessness face profound sexual health inequities, driven by overlapping structural vulnerabilities including housing instability, stigma, limited healthcare access, and social exclusion, as well as the complex lived realities associated with homelessness. Interventions designed to improve sexual health outcomes within this population are diverse, ranging from peer-led education to nurse-led clinical models and structural supports such as housing. However, the effectiveness of these interventions depends not only on their content but also on the contexts in which they are delivered and the circumstances of the populations they serve. A realist review seeks to understand how and why interventions work, for whom, and under what conditions by identifying context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) that explain how outcomes are generated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review will follow Pawson's six-step realist synthesis methodology. An initial programme theory has been developed through preliminary literature searches and will be refined iteratively as new evidence is gathered. Published and grey literature will be systematically searched and selected for their relevance to developing and testing CMOCs. Data extraction will focus on identifying key information which can contribute to understanding contextual factors, mechanisms, and outcomes across intervention types. The synthesis will develop, refine, and test theories that explain how sexual health interventions produce change in varied contexts. Patient and public involvement contributors will be consulted throughout the review to validate findings and support interpretation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review will generate transferable insights into how sexual health interventions for people experiencing homelessness work across different contexts. By identifying mechanisms that generate outcomes, and the conditions that shape them, the findings will support more context-sensitive and effective policy, practice, and service design. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, practitioner-facing summaries, and community-informed outputs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13191315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148019156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling and Mapping Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Research Frameworks: Protocol for a Scoping Review to Guide Integration.","authors":"Siobhán E McCarthy, Jill Poots, John McCaffrey, Emily O'Dowd, Anna V Chatzi, Killian Walsh, Jennifer A Pallin, Clíodhna McGowan, Tommy Kyaw Tun, John Brennan, Samuel Cromie, Edward W Gregg","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14173.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14173.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A core remit of the Evidence Based QUality Improvement and Patient Safety (EQUIPS) Research Network (2024-2029) is to inform research priorities for the Irish healthcare system. Previously, research prioritisation exercises have treated quality improvement (QI) and patient safety research as separate fields. Given the growth of QI research, an integrated approach is required to generate a full view of the continuum of knowledge generation and translation activities in quality and safety contexts. The co-creation of a Conceptual Framework for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Research among researchers, knowledge users and patient groups is required to outline important topics, research questions and methodologies, applicable to all areas of healthcare. A scoping review of the literature is first needed to examine existing QI and patient safety research frameworks to inform the development of a harmonised conceptual framework for the Irish context. Methods The scoping review will follow JBI guidelines for developing and co-creating scoping review protocols with knowledge users. The completed review will be reported according to the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews, and Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public 2 (GRIPP2) checklist which supports enhanced reporting of patient and public involvement in research. We will search the following databases from 2000-2025 focussing on literature sources from developed countries: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science. We will map included papers using an extraction template developed to fulfil the study aims. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, and discrepancies will be addressed by consensus using a third reviewer. Dissemination Findings will be used to inform the development of a meta-framework that will be used to guide QI and patient safety research priority setting, measurement and monitoring, implementation, and knowledge translation activities in Ireland, at local and national levels. OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FGWUA.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13044539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147625036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Interaction Between Infant Feeding and Maternal Mental Health and Well-Being in Women who Experience Psychological Birth Trauma: A Scoping Review Protocol.","authors":"Roisin O'Donovan, Zhuming Bao, Elaine Lehane, Aoife Long, Karen Matvienko-Sikar, Helen Mulcahy, Margaret Murphy, Orla Sheehan, Siobhan Ward, Patricia Leahy-Warren","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14414.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14414.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the literature to understand women's experiences of and the interactions between infant feeding, mental health and wellbeing following psychological birth trauma.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Childbirth can be a traumatic experience for some women and can ultimately only be defined by the woman experiencing it. Birth trauma leads to negative mental health and wellbeing outcomes for women, their children and their partners. Impacts on maternal mental health and wellbeing include post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), post-partum depression (PPD) and bonding issues but also potential for post-traumatic growth (PTG). Traumatic births can have a negative impact on breastfeeding experiences due to poorer maternal physical and psychological wellbeing. If breastfeeding does not go as planned, it can be associated with a sense of failure, guilt or shame. Therefore, infant feeding experiences may have the potential to either heal or compound the impact of traumatic births on maternal mental health and well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The guidelines for scoping reviews from the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis will be followed. A key word search strategy will be used to search: Academic Search Complete; APA PsychInfo; MEDLINE; CINAHL and APA PsychArticles databases; Google scholar, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) website. English language and date restrictions (2000-current) will be used. Studies will be screened in Covidence by two independent reviewers. Titles and abstracts and full-text articles will be independently screened by two reviewers. Data will be extracted and presented graphically using figures and tables. Narrative summary text will accompany the tables and figures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the potential for infant feeding experiences to either heal or compound the impact psychological birth trauma on maternal mental health and wellbeing, it is important to understand women's experiences of these three constructs and how they interact with one another.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"9 ","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13247567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148220905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterising the role and scope of Community Connectors for Older Adults Internationally: A Scoping Review Protocol.","authors":"Danielle Manning, Christina Hayes, Rose Galvin, Frank Houghton, Jennifer Moran Stritch","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14268.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14268.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background As global populations age, there is an increasing need for community-based approaches that support older adults in maintaining independence, social connectedness, and access to services. One emerging model is the Community Connector, an individual who facilitates older adults' engagement with local supports that promote well-being. Despite growing references to this role in national and international practice, there is limited comprehensive understanding of how Community Connectors are defined, implemented, and evaluated across diverse contexts, and how these insights may inform adaptation within varying health and social care systems. Objectives The objectives of the scoping review are to (1) identify and characterise international models of Community Connector roles and their key interventions, including modes of delivery (2) describe key characteristics of populations they serve and (3) summarise reported outcomes. Methods This scoping review will follow the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The study design was chosen due to its capacity to comprehensively map and synthesise the existing literature on international Community Connectors, particularly given the limited nature of the evidence. A comprehensive search will be conducted from 2000 to present, across academic databases [CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Embase, PubMed, OVID, Scopus] and grey literature to identify Community Connectors targeting older adults. Two reviewers will independently screen studies for inclusion based on the criteria of full-text, qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. Data on programme characteristics, target populations, measured outcomes and contextual factors will be extracted, charted, and synthesised using a narrative approach. Conclusions The review will characterise international Community Connectors, including their core functions, role titles, target population and implementation strategies. It will also examine evaluation methods and assess their potential for adaptation and scale-up across healthcare settings. Scoping Review Registration OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6CZD8.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13032101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical characteristics and other factors associated with alcohol-related fatal fires in Ireland 2014 - 2021.","authors":"Anne Doyle, Abigail K Stevely, Suzi Lyons, James McBride, Fiona Riordan, John Holmes","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14341.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14341.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alcohol-related fatal fires represent a tragic but preventable death. Geographic features of these events can inform prevention campaigns and are important to consider in combination with other risk factors. This study aims to examine the factors associated with alcohol-related versus non-alcohol-related fatal fires, and to examine geographical characteristics of alcohol-related fatal fires in Ireland.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using Irish Coronial data, we looked at all 273 fire fatalities for the period 2014 to 2021, of which 112 (41.0%) had positive alcohol toxicology. Descriptive analyses were conducted followed by logistic regression and geospatial analyses to understand the characteristics of alcohol-related fatal fires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to non-alcohol related fatal fires, the proportion of fatal fires that involved alcohol was higher among 35-49-year-olds (65.9%) smokers (54.7%) and those accompanied by friends (86.7%). In regression analyses, history of alcohol dependency was the only significant risk factor for a fatal fire being alcohol-related although this may be due to the modest sample size limiting statistical power rather than a true absence of association. Rural areas were over-represented in alcohol-related fatal fires, with an annual average 0.37 deaths per 100,000 people in rural areas for every 0.25 in urban areas. Alcohol-related fires that occurred in rural areas involved a longer travel time and distance to the nearest fire station but there was no significant association between alcohol-related fires and area-level deprivation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People with a history of alcohol dependency suffer higher rates of alcohol-related vs non-alcohol-related fatal fires. These deaths are avoidable, and it is essential that alcohol use is acknowledged as a contributory risk factor and efforts be made to raise awareness and target at-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"9 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training and Experience in Study Selection (TESS): study protocol for a pilot randomised trial within a systematic review.","authors":"Elayne Ahern, Temitayo Adedeji, Aoife Whiston, Sarah Dillon, Fiona Lynn","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14129.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14129.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systematic reviews can be resource-intensive and require timely completion, yet experienced reviewers may have limited availability, necessitating the inclusion of novice screeners. This Study Within A Review (SWAR) will pilot and examine the feasibility of study methods to explore whether training and level of experience within the screening pair affects the reliability of decisions made by novice screeners during study selection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 2(training: task-specific, minimal guidance) x 2(experience level of screening partner, 'Reviewer 1': moderate experience, minimal experience) pilot randomised trial will be conducted within a host systematic review in the topic area of depression and psychosocial functioning. Participants ( <i>N</i> = 12), consisting of higher education students with no prior experience in evidence synthesis, will be randomised to one of the four conditions to complete a standardised study selection task at title/abstract level ( <i>k</i> = 219 records) on Covidence screening software, blindly and independently. Total participation time is estimated at 5 hours. Screening decisions made by participants will be assessed for reliability against the consensus-based decisions by two reviewers with content and methodological expertise (expert standard), through calculation of chance-corrected Cohen's kappa, prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK), and percentage of agreement, then compared across the conditions. Secondary outcomes will include reliability within the screening pair (participant and allocated screening partner), validity of screening decisions (false positives, false negatives, sensitivity, specificity), feasibility measures, including time taken to complete the study selection task and success of blinding, as well as acceptability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings will be used to inform the design of subsequent trial work to determine the efficacy of training and screener pairing for study selection. Ultimately, these insights will help to build capacity among novice screeners to engage with evidence synthesis and work alongside experienced review teams. Registration Northern Ireland Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAR Registry: SWAR 38.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12982981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A literature review of cancer diagnostic tests and treatments in adults with intellectual disability.","authors":"Kennedy Smihula, Mikayla Danon, Shauna Walsh, Martin McMahon, Louise Lynch","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14164.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14164.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adults with intellectual disabilities have significantly lower rates of routine cancer screening and cancer is often diagnosed at more advanced stages. Some studies highlight gaps that exist in national screening programmes for cancers such as breast, cervical and colorectal. Evidence in the intellectual disability population points towards factors such as limited screening education, distrust in healthcare providers, and challenges in providing consent, leading to limited uptake of screening programmes. While there are many contributing factors to these inequalities, changes in individuals' health status may go unrecognised for longer because of their intellectual disability. The aim of this literature review is to explore cancer diagnostic approaches and treatment options for adults with intellectual disability and examine barriers to accessing diagnostic procedures and treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five electronic databases were systematically searched: Cinahl Ultimate, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science. Thematic analysis was completed using the Braun and Clark Six Step process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four main themes emerged from 28 included studies: Prevention, education, adaptation, and ethical practice. Prevention encompassed individuals receiving regular screening and barriers that prevented access. Educational tools that explained the importance of screening reduced feelings of stress and anxiety. Case studies illustrated how specific treatment plans were adapted for patients with intellectual disability. Autonomy and honesty were themes throughout many studies, in terms of treatment, education, and diagnostics. It was determined that patients should be involved in decision making and be aware of their cancer diagnosis unless there are contra-indications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adults with intellectual disability face considerable barriers when accessing cancer diagnosis and treatment. Barriers, including living conditions, communication difficulties and age, contributed to later cancer diagnosis and worse outcomes, compared to the general population. The successful use of education and tailored treatments were enabling factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13000398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Realist Review Protocol on the Contribution of  Mental Health First Aider Programmes to Staff Wellbeing within Hospital and associated healthcare settings.","authors":"Dolores Donegan, Sean Paul Teeling, Martin McNamara","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14318.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14318.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Staff wellbeing is a growing concerns in healthcare settings, where increased workload, emotional demand, and organisational pressures contribute to stress, burnout, and reduced psychological safety. Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training is an evidence-based programme designed to support early recognition of mental distress, provide initial reassurance, and facilitate signposting to appropriate help. Its specific contribution to staff wellbeing within hospital and associated healthcare settings, however, remains underexplored. This paper presents a protocol for a realist review that will examine how, why, and in what contexts an MHFA programme may support staff wellbeing within hospital and associated healthcare settings. [Table: see text].</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This protocol for a realist review will follow RAMESES standards to examine the contribution of MHFA training to staff health and wellbeing. The review will proceed through five stages: (1) clarifying the scope of the review; (2) developing initial programme theories; (3) searching for evidence; (4) extracting and synthesising data using realist logic; and (5) refining the programme theories. An expert panel will be convened to support the development and refinement of the programme theories as the review progresses. Conclusions This realist review protocol will guide the development of context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations to explain how MHFA training may operate within different hospital contexts. The resulting programme theories may contribute to organisational strategy, leadership practice, and policy decisions aimed at improving staff wellbeing in acute hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"9 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}