HRB open research最新文献

{"title":"Protocol for the development of an intervention to improve the use of Point-of-caRE DiagnostICs in the management of respiraTOry tRact infectionS in primary care (the PREDICTORS study).","authors":"Joseph O'Shea, Carmel Hughes, Gerard Molloy, Cathal Cadogan, Akke Vellinga, Tom Fahey, Gail Hayward, Paul Ryan, Aoife Fleming, Eimear Morrissey, Laura Cooke, Cristin Ryan","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13962.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13962.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health challenge, exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, particularly in primary care where up to 50% of antibiotic prescriptions prescribed by general practitioners (GPs) and dispensed by community pharmacists (CPs) are deemed inappropriate. Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most common conditions leading to GP consultations and subsequent antibiotic prescribing, much of which is inappropriate as most RTIs are viral in nature or self-limiting bacterial infections. Point-of-care tests (POCTs) have emerged as tools to improve the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of RTIs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to develop and test an intervention to improve the use of POCTs in managing RTIs involving GPs and CPs in Irish primary care, following the UK's Medical Research Council's (MRC) framework for complex intervention development, involving five work-packages (WPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>WP1 involves creating best practice guidance for using POCT in managing RTIs, informed by a scoping review and validated with an expert Delphi panel. This guidance will be used to define target behaviour(s) for GPs and CPs related to POCT use. WP2 explores GP and CP perceived barriers and facilitators to these behaviours using the Theoretical Domains Framework, mapping influential domains to Behaviour Change Techniques to develop draft interventions. WP3 gathers patients' perspectives on using POCTs for RTIs. In WP4, a task group will review and finalise the intervention(s). They will consider patients' perspectives from WP3 and assess feasibility of the intervention(s). WP5 involves a proof-of-concept study to test the feasibility of the newly developed intervention(s).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A theoretically informed intervention(s) for using POCT(s) in the management of RTIs in primary care in Ireland will be developed and tested in a proof-of-concept study, following MRC guidance. Further refinement and larger studies will be needed to determine its effectiveness before widespread implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pregnancy on the island of Ireland: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for future pandemic preparedness.","authors":"Melissa Kelly, Joanne Given, Julie Arnott, Helen Dolk, Richard A Greene, Ali S Khashan, Seamus Leonard, Mairéad Madigan, Mary T O'Mahony, Maria Loane, Gillian M Maher","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14011.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14011.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monitoring coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and vaccination during pregnancy is vital because of the increased susceptibility to severe disease. This article outlines the available data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during pregnancy in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and describes the processes, strengths, and weaknesses of available data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three data sources on COVID-19 vaccination and infection were identified in the ROI: the national computerized infectious disease reporting (CIDR) system used for reporting notifiable infectious diseases, the national dataset of all COVID-19 vaccinations for all residents (COVAX), and a regional Maternal and Newborn Clinical Management System (MN-CMS), which includes data on COVID-19 vaccination and infection. Four data sources were identified in NI: the NI maternity system (NIMATS) records maternity data, including COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy; datasets of COVID-19 antigen testing performed in hospitals (Pillar 1) and in the community (Pillar 2); and the NI Vaccine Management System dataset of COVID-19 Vaccinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the ROI, the CIDR database allows for the calculation of COVID-19 infection rates in women of reproductive age; however, pregnancy status remains largely unreported. The COVAX dataset includes pregnancy status, although the accuracy depends on whether the pregnancy is known at the time of vaccination. The MN-CMS tracks COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy. However, there are uncertainties regarding its reliability. In NI, COVID-19 data are available for all pregnant women using Health and Care numbers to link the NIMATS data to testing and vaccination databases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both countries track COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates, but the strength of the NI system is the use of unique identification numbers that allow linkage of maternal records to infection and vaccination databases. Both countries face delays in data access, underscoring the need for real-time systems to support future pandemic preparedness.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equality, Diversity and Inclusion characteristics measured or reported in randomised trials of intrapartum interventions: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Susan Hannon, Aoife Smith, John Gilmore, Valerie Smith","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14012.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14012.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) has gained discursive momentum across multiple arenas, including in maternal health research. As a preliminary exploration for future discussion and development, we undertook a scoping review to identify the types, frequency, and extent of EDI characteristics that were measured and reported in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of intrapartum interventions specifically.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance for scoping reviews guided the conduct of the review. The population were women of any parity and risk category who were enrolled in intrapartum RCTs in any birth setting or geographical location. The concept was measured and reported EDI characteristics. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched from January 2019 to March 2024. Data were extracted using a pre-designed form. The findings were summarised and narratively reported supported by illustrative tables and graphs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-hundred and forty-seven RCTs from 49 countries were included. Eleven EDI characteristics were measured or reported in at least one RCT, although frequency varied. Religion, for example, featured in three RCTs only, whereas Age featured in 222 RCTs. How the EDI characteristics featured also varied. Race/Ethnicity, for example, was described in 21 different ways in 25 RCTs. Similarly, Education was reported in 62 different ways across 96 RCTs. Ninety RCTs limited inclusion to nulliparous participants only, six RCTs required participants to have a minimum educational level, 127 RCTs had inclusion age cut-offs although 23 different variations of this were noted and 15 RCTs excluded participants on the grounds of disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoping review highlights EDI characteristic measurement and reporting deficits in intrapartum RCTs. There is a critical need for improvements in designing, conducting, and reporting RCTs to incorporate EDI. By adopting more extensive EDI practices a greater understanding of healthcare treatments and innovations leading to enhanced maternal health equity could be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of participants in the first fully online National Diabetes Prevention Programme: A quantitative survey.","authors":"Clair Haseldine, Gráinne O'Donoghue, Patricia M Kearney, Fiona Riordan, Margaret Humphreys, Liz Kirby, Sheena M McHugh","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13807.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13807.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes prevention programmes (DPPs) are being implemented around the world to tackle the rise in type 2 diabetes. In 2021/22, the Health Service Executive(HSE) in Ireland piloted a fully online national diabetes prevention programme(NDPP). Characteristics and factors affecting participation may be different among people attending online DPPs compared to face-to-face programmes. The aim of this study was to describe the demographic, psychosocial and health characteristics of participants in the pilot of the online NDPP in Ireland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey from the evaluation of the English NDPP was adapted for the Irish context with Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) input. The survey was sent (between April and June 2022) to all individuals who attended the initial assessment of the pilot NDPP (n=73). It contained questions on health status, co-morbidities, motivation to improve health, quality of life, self-efficacy, beliefs about the risk of diabetes, participation(e.g. recollection and understanding of invite, number of sessions attended), as well as demographic information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Response rate was 30.5% (n=22). Mean age of responders was 62 years (range 36-82 years) and over half were men (57.1%, n=12). The majority (81%, n=17) had attended 6 or more of the 14 sessions. Most (90.5% n=19) reported having family members or acquaintances with diabetes, had positive views of their current health status and high quality of life scores (71.4%, n= 15). Mental health scores were slightly higher than the national average. Over half (57.2%, n=12) were confident or very confident about participating in an online DPP. Almost all (95.2%, n=20) believed it was important to manage their risk of type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants in the online pilot NDPP had positive views of their general health and positive psychosocial characteristics affecting their decision to participate. These beliefs may be modifiable intervention targets to encourage participation among non-attenders in future programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"6 ","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic evaluations  of strategies targeting pre-diagnosis dementia  populations: Protocol for a systematic review.","authors":"Men Thi Hoang, Alina Zenker, Sanjib Saha, Ulf-Göran Gerdtham, Dominic Trepel","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14064.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.14064.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dementia remains incurable, and treatment trials are typically conducted after the symptoms manifest, potentially too late in the disease process to alter its course. Early identification and intervention during the pre-diagnosis phase offer the potential to introduce more cost-effective strategies and enhance quality of life. This review aims to scrutinise emerging evidence and present a comprehensive summary of cost-effectiveness estimates of all strategies targeting the pre-diagnosis dementia population.</p><p><strong>Method and analysis: </strong>A systematic search will be conducted across six electronic databases. All articles will be assessed against pre-defined eligibility criteria through title and abstract screening, and full-text screening phases. Data from the included articles will be extracted using a standardized template. A newly established framework based on the CHEERS 2022 checklist will be applied to assess the reporting quality of the included articles. The entire review process, from screening to data extraction and quality assessment, will be a dual process conducted by two reviewers. Disagreements will be resolved by a third senior reviewer. The extracted data will be synthesised and presented in tables and figures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review will present evidence of cost-effectiveness, along with the strengths and limitations of the existing literature. These findings aim to identify existing gaps, thereby informing and guiding the design of future studies in this domain.</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>Since this is a systematic review protocol, ethical approval is not required. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, with both raw and summarised data shared through the journal or other open platforms.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO - CRD42024521521.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"8 ","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11950719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review protocol of non-verbal communication utilised in peri-interventive dental and medical procedures.","authors":"Paul O'Dwyer, Viveka Guzman, Emma Wallace, Frank Doyle","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13373.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13373.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental operative procedures, by their interventive nature, impede the opportunity for peri-intervention verbal communication between patients and clinicians. This can impair trust, consent, and shared decision making with the potential of adversely affecting patient dignity, and potentially resulting in suboptimal clinical outcomes.This scoping review aims to interrogate the literature concerning non-verbal communication methods used in dental and medical practices during peri-interventive procedures, in aiding communication between clinician and patient. We will also ascertain how these align with the Limited Capacity Model of Motivated Mediated Message Processing (LC4MP) communication theory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for scoping reviews, will be used to guide this scoping review and reporting methodology. Selected electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus), PsychInfo, CINAHL and grey literature sources will be searched.Inclusion criteria are: articles written in the English language, publications between 2000 and 2025, peer-reviewed empirical studies, with either qualitative or quantitative data, mixed methods, reviews, book chapters and grey literature with a principal focus on non-verbal communication in the healthcare setting.A narrative synthesis will be conducted, with results reported according to elements of LCM4P theory: cognitive load, motivated messaging, message processing and memory.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This scoping review will contribute to our methodological and theoretical understanding of the use of non-verbal communication strategies in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"5 ","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Health Impact Assessment Implementation Model: Enhancing Intersectoral Approaches in Tackling Health Inequalities- A Mixed Methods Study Protocol.","authors":"Monica O'Mullane, Tara Kenny, Kirsty Nash, Sheena M McHugh, Paul Kavanagh, Katherine Smith, Uduak Archibong","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13873.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13873.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health research presents compelling evidence that health is socially determined. To address structural inequalities and inequities in health, public policies require intersectoral development and implementation. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is an established approach for analysing potentially detrimental health impacts of policies, programmes, and projects, as well as potentially positive impacts and opportunities. National public health policy, <i>Healthy Ireland</i> (2013-2025), endorses an intersectoral whole-of-system approach to ensure that health is a central part of all relevant policy areas. HIA is endorsed in this policy as one way to drive this agenda. Synergising with this policy commitment for HIA, the all-island Institute of Public Health Ireland produced revised HIA guidance in 2021. Two HIAs will be carried out as part of this project, including one at a local policy level, addressing the Cork City Development Plan (2022-2028), and the second HIA at a national policy level, addressing the Irish Government's Climate Action Plan (2024). The updated HIA guidance will be used in the conduct of these HIAs. This research project involves a co-creation of a Health Impact Assessment Implementation Model by employing an action research approach with implementation science frameworks to the conduct of the two HIAs. Therefore, the process of doing the HIAs will form the basis for the research study. In order to enhance meaningful community involvement in HIA in Ireland, the project will co-create a Community Engagement Toolkit for HIA. This Model will strengthen researcher, policy actor, practitioner, community, and voluntary sector capacity to collaboratively develop and implement intersectoral and equitable policy responses to major population health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11862365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a digital health intervention \"INTERCEPT\" to improve secondary prevention in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients: protocol for a mixed methods non-randomised feasibility study.","authors":"Irene Gibson, Catriona Jennings, Lis Neubeck, Marissa Corcoran, David Wood, Faisal Sharif, Lisa Hynes, Andrew W Murphy, Molly Byrne, John William McEvoy","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13781.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13781.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital health interventions (DHIs) are increasingly used for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of \"INTERCEPT\", a co-designed DHI developed to improve secondary prevention in hospitalised coronary heart disease patients (CHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This non-randomised, pilot feasibility study with embedded process evaluation will be conducted with a sample of 40 patients in an acute hospital setting. Informed by behaviour change theory, INTERCEPT integrates a smartphone interface, health care professional portal, a fitness wearable and a blood pressure monitor. INTERCEPT is designed to support and motivate patients to set goals, self-monitor lifestyle and medical risk factors, and manage their medications, with the health care professional portal enabling monitoring and communication with patients. Using consecutive sampling, eligible patients will be recruited in two phases, a pre-implementation phase and an implementation phase. Commencing with pre-implementation (1 month duration), participants will not immediately receive INTERCEPT, however, they will be invited to receive INTERCEPT at 3 months follow-up. This will enable early learning about the processes of recruitment and conducting the assessment prior to full scale deployment of INTERCEPT in the next step implementation phase. During the implementation phase (2 months duration), participants will be invited to download INTERCEPT to their smartphone prior to hospital discharge. Qualitative interviews will be conducted among a subset of patients and health care professionals to gain a greater insight into their experience of using INTERCEPT. Primary outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Using pre-defined feasibility criteria, including recruitment, retention and engagement rates, together with data on intervention acceptability, will determine the appropriateness of progressing to a definitive trial.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study will provide important insights to help inform the feasibility of conducting a definitive trial of \"INTERCEPT\" among coronary heart disease patients in a critical health care setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":" ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10897504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48168460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition from child to adult health services for young people with cerebral palsy in Ireland; implications from a mixed-methods study.","authors":"Jennifer M Ryan, Meriel Norris, Aisling Walsh, Amanda Breen, Owen Hensey, Claire Kerr, Sebastian Koppe, Grace Lavelle, Mary Owens, Michael Walsh, Thilo Kroll, Jennifer Fortune","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13912.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13912.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor transition from child- to adult-oriented healthcare may lead to negative outcomes and dissatisfaction with services in adulthood. The aim of the study was to examine how transition is provided to and experienced by young people with cerebral palsy in Ireland. This report provides integrated quantitative and qualitative findings and implications based on the totality of knowledge generated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted. Data were collected from people with cerebral palsy aged 16-22 years, parents, and health professionals using surveys and semi-structured interviews, which were both informed by a framework of nine key transition practices. Quantitative finding from the surveys and qualitative findings from interviews were integrated at the interpretation stage of the research using integration through joint displays. Implications were developed through discussions with health professionals, young people, and parents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surveys were completed by 75 young people/parents and 108 health professionals. Interviews were conducted with 13 young people, 14 parents, and 27 health professionals. There was complementarity between quantitative and qualitative findings indicating lack of a named worker, limited information provision, insufficient self-management support, no opportunity to meet the adult team, limited contact with the general practitioner, and no opportunity for attending formal life skills training. There was dissonance between quantitative and qualitative findings regarding appropriate level of parental involvement. Quantitative findings identified limited promotion of health self-efficacy and a lack of senior managers responsible for transition. These practices were not described in the qualitative findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implications of integrated findings include the need for a standardised transition pathway, intentional actions to enable parents and young people to adapt to changing roles, provision of information in a collaborative and phased approach, a common understanding of self-management between young people, parents and health professionals, and the need to involve general practitioners in transition.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the stability of psychobiological stress reactivity during adolescence: mixed-effect modelling of cortisol responses to laboratory stressors.","authors":"Jen O'Shea, Samantha Dockray, Elizabeth Susman","doi":"10.12688/hrbopenres.13874.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13874.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Puberty has been historically considered as a time of risk and vulnerability for young people. It is associated with rapid development in the hypothalamus, which is central in the production of both stress and sex steroids. While patterns of stress reactivity are calibrated in early life, this time of rapid development may provide a means for these patterns to change. This purpose of this study was to examine whether patterns of cortisol reactivity remained stable across one year of pubertal development, and whether variations in pubertal development impacted on this stability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a secondary dataset comprised of 102 adolescent-aged children and adolescents. Children and adolescents took part in the Trier Social Stress Test to elicit a physiological stress response. Cortisol reactivity was measured as the increase in salivary cortisol concentration taken at five time points throughout the session. Pubertal stage was measured by nurse report where possible, and parent/self-report otherwise and was used to calculate pubertal timing and tempo relative to peers. Measures of anxiety, BMI, and socio-economic status were taken and included in analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of a linear mixed-effect model found there to be a significant difference in cortisol reactivity over time, indicating that cortisol stress reactivity did not remain stable during this time (Estimate= 3.39, t=3.67, p<.001, CI[1.56, 5.22]). Additionally, results show children and adolescents who developed slower/quicker than peers displayed decreased stress reactivity (Estimate= -3.59, t=-2.13. p=.03, CI[-6.92, -0.25]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research contributes to a relatively small but consistent body of research noting pattern of increased cortisol reactivity during pubertal development. While a significant effect was found for pubertal tempo, this finding should not be considered indicative of any true effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":73254,"journal":{"name":"HRB open research","volume":"7 ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}