Global pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"A 6.2 Kg macrosomia in a non-diabetic mother managed with no adverse outcomes in a resource limited setting: A case report","authors":"Farhan Yusuf Sharif ,&nbsp;Abdiwali mohamed Ahmed ,&nbsp;Abdikafi Ibrahim Khayre ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hassan Osman ,&nbsp;Joshua Muhumuza","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and importance</h3><div>When a baby's birth weight surpasses the 90th percentile for a certain gestational week, it is referred to as macrosomia. The growing prevalence of fetal macrosomia presents an impending concern in the field of obstetrics. Numerous complications for both the mother and the fetus are linked to macrosomia. We present a case of macrosomia that weighed 6.2 kg, delivered in a low resource setting in which no early neonatal or maternal complication occurred.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We present a 41-year-old woman gravida 8 para 7 + 0 that presented at 42 weeks of amenorrhea. On examination at admission, the body mass index was 42.5kg/m2, Ultrasonography was suggestive of severe oligohydramnios with an estimated fetal weight of 5.5 kg. The decision to deliver the baby by an elective cesarean section was made. The baby weighed 6.2 kg and did not have any physical abnormalities. At discharge, both the mother and baby were healthy.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical discussion</h3><div>A positive outcome requires tailored therapy for each patient because macrosomia is linked to numerous maternal and fetal complications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Making a timely decision to have a cesarean delivery when indicated, as was done in this instance, can lower the rate of maternal and neonatal morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychobiotic properties of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in paediatric neurological disorders","authors":"Maria Teresa Rocchetti ,&nbsp;Mariagiovanna Di Chiano ,&nbsp;Iman Elouardi ,&nbsp;Daniela Fiocco","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent studies have highlighted a close relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and paediatric neurological disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, cerebral palsy (CP). In the last decades, the relevance of a strong connection between the intestinal microbiota and the brain, i.e., the gut-brain axis, has been broadly ascertained. Through this association, gut microbes contribute to shape development, physiology, and cognitive functions of the brain. The bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and brain involves a complex set of molecular signals that influence synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, mood, and the brain's excitatory-inhibitory balance. Microbial metabolites play a fundamental role in modulating brain activity. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that neurological and psychiatric conditions, including ASD, ADHD, anxiety, and depression, may not simply stem from brain malfunctions, but rather from imbalances in the gut microbiota, which contribute to disrupt brain function and development. In this context, psychobiotics, i.e., a specific group of probiotic microorganisms, have garnered interest for their potential to modulate brain functions. Several pre-clinical studies on psychobiotics have shown promising results in managing paediatric neurological disorders, including ASD and ADHD. However, there is only a limited number of clinical studies to support the use of psychobiotics as therapeutics. This review summarizes and discusses the link between gut microbiota and neurological disorders in children, and the current status of studies investigating the potential application of psychobiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria for treating these paediatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144595657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk prediction of healthcare-associated neonatal sepsis in Amhara, Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Nadine Najjar ,&nbsp;Abebe Gebremariam Gobezayehu ,&nbsp;Joseph Hopkins ,&nbsp;Heran Biza ,&nbsp;Habib Yakubu ,&nbsp;Lindsay Denny ,&nbsp;Mulusew Lijalem ,&nbsp;Lamesgin Alamineh Endalamaw ,&nbsp;Yakob S. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Taye Zeru Tadege ,&nbsp;Mekuanint Wasihun Endalew ,&nbsp;Yichalal Endayehu Tafere ,&nbsp;Gurmesa Tura Debelew ,&nbsp;Erin Stone ,&nbsp;Christine L. Moe ,&nbsp;John N. Cranmer","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neonatal sepsis is a major contributor to neonatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, rapid diagnosis and treatment are often a challenge, and standard antibiotic therapy is threatened by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study quantifies the predictors of healthcare-associated neonatal sepsis in Amhara, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study recruited normal and low birth weight (LBW) neonates from two hospitals. Neonates with suspected healthcare-associated sepsis had blood cultures drawn to identify the organisms and AMR patterns. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression to determine risk factors for culture-confirmed sepsis. Next, we performed marginal effects analysis to create a clinical tool for prospectively measuring newborn sepsis risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty percent of 605 neonates developed healthcare-associated, culture-confirmed sepsis. 44.9% were resistant to first-line empiric therapy, and only 4% of those who failed first-line drugs had sepsis organisms susceptible to second-line drugs. Multivariable logistic regression identified five primary predictors: LBW (aOR 3.4), twin birth (aOR 4.7), maternal history of preterm births (aOR 2.7) or history of LBW births (aOR 2.6), low family income (aOR 1.7), and birth at the general hospital (aOR 2.5). There were significant differences in sepsis and mortality by facility and birthweight.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Neonatal sepsis and AMR pose significant risk to our study population. Due to the high proportion of AMR and likelihood of treatment failure, developing effective facility-based sepsis prevention strategies is an urgent priority for advancing newborn survival in Amhara, Ethiopia and in similar global contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measles vaccination dropout and its associated factors among children aged 15-23 months in Qardho district, Northeastern Somalia: A community-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Mohamed Yusuf ,&nbsp;Agumasie Semahegn ,&nbsp;Gezahegn Tesfaye ,&nbsp;Maleda Tefera","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although childhood vaccination is highly effective in preventing measles infection, dropout from the vaccination schedule remains a significant public health challenge in Low- and Middle-Income countries, including Somalia. There is a paucity of research evidence on the magnitude and the factors contributing to it in the study setting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of measles vaccination dropout and its associated factors among children aged 15–23 months in Qardho district, Northeastern, Somalia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 372 randomly selected participants who live in Qardho district, Northeastern Somalia. Data were collected using a structured tool developed in an Open Data Kit and exported to Stata version 17.0 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with children’s dropout from measles vaccination. Adjusted odds ratio at a 95 % confidence interval was used to declare statistically significant associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall magnitude of measles vaccination dropout was 42.5 % (95 % CI: 37.3, 47.6 %). Children with a birth order of 2–4 (AOR = 3.09, 95 % CI: 1.38, 6.94), and ≥ 5 (AOR = 4.25, 95 % CI: 1.90, 9.48), born to a merchant mother (AOR = 3.63, 95 % CI: 1.64, 8.04), and whose mothers/caregivers had a negative attitude towards vaccination (AOR = 3.82, 95 % CI: 2.18, 6.69) were more likely to dropout from measles vaccination. Children whose mothers attended at least primary level of education (AOR = 0.28, 95 % CI: 0.12, 0.68), whose fathers attended primary education and above (AOR = 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.08, 0.81), and children from middle-income families (AOR = 0.32, 95 % CI: 0.13, 0.79) were less likely to experience measles vaccination dropout.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study highlight that two in five children dropped out of the measles vaccine program. Parental educational status, attitude towards vaccination, mother’s occupation, family income and child’s birth order were significantly associated with measles vaccination dropout. Future intervention strategies could focus on promoting a positive attitude towards the vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double burden of malnutrition among under-5 children in Garo ethnic community of Bangladesh: Prevalence and determinants","authors":"M. M. Mehedi Hasan ,&nbsp;Nayeem Rahman ,&nbsp;Farzana Afroz ,&nbsp;Md. Nazrul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Serajus Saberin ,&nbsp;Md. Tohin Hossain Somon ,&nbsp;Md Reaz Ul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malnutrition, especially in children, continues to be a serious public health concern worldwide. This study investigates the prevalence and risk factors of the double burden of malnutrition—undernutrition and overnutrition—among Garo under-five children in Sherpur, Bangladesh, where they reside most.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2024, involving 336 Garo children aged 6 to 59 months. Data were collected through structured interviews with mothers and anthropometric measurements of children. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between malnutrition indicators and sociodemographic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Stunting (27.98 %) was the most prevalent form of malnutrition, followed by underweight (7.74 %), wasting (4.46 %), and overweight (7.74 %). Male children had significantly higher odds of stunting (AOR = 1.80, <em>p</em> = 0.032), and children from households with lower food expenditures (&lt;500 BDT per day) were at greater risk of stunting (AOR = 4.03, <em>p</em> = 0.016). The odds of being overweight were 8.91 times greater for older children (48–59 months) (<em>p</em> = 0.005), which indicated a significant association.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study highlights the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition among Garo children, emphasizing the urgent need for targeted interventions. Addressing the double burden of malnutrition through culturally tailored programs and policy interventions is essential to improving child health in ethnic communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry for early bone health: The REMS-bone study protocol (Trial acronym: REMS-bone)","authors":"Serafina Perrone ,&nbsp;Malgorzata Wasniewska ,&nbsp;Maria-Elisabeth Street ,&nbsp;Virginia Beretta ,&nbsp;Elena Scarpa ,&nbsp;Chiara Petrolini ,&nbsp;Andrea Dall’Asta ,&nbsp;Domenico Corica ,&nbsp;Tommaso Aversa ,&nbsp;Giorgia Pepe ,&nbsp;Letteria Morabito ,&nbsp;Federica Grassi ,&nbsp;Anna-Mariia Shulhai ,&nbsp;Valentina Bianco ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Papini ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Albertini ,&nbsp;Silvia Carloni ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Maglietta ,&nbsp;Matteo Puntoni ,&nbsp;Caterina Caminiti ,&nbsp;Tullio Ghi","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bone health begins with maternal health and nutrition, which influences skeletal mass and bone mineral density (BMD) already in utero. Maximization of bone mass during skeletal growth has become the goal of primary prevention of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The amount of bone gained during growth and its subsequent rate of loss are closely linked to the final skeletal mass in adulthood. Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) technology has proven to be useful in the assessment of BMD in pregnant women. However, the feasibility of REMS for the assessment of bone status in newborns remains unknown. This multicenter longitudinal study aims at using REMS to evaluate skeletal status in fetuses, newborns and children until 12 months of age.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two hundred mother-newborn dyads, with infants born at term of gestation, will be consecutively recruited during the prenatal period and followed up until 12 months of life. BMD will be assessed with REMS technology in mothers, fetuses, newborns and infants at 1, 3 6 and 12 months of life. In all enrolled patients, blood will be collected at specific time points and oxidative stress biomarkers, specific microRNAs, and several bone metabolites will be measured in blood, whereas endocrine disruptors will be measured in urine.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study is designed to provide robust data on the best method to identify and evaluate bone status starting from intrauterine life. The associations among BMD, maternal nutrition, early exposure to endocrine disruptors, and other investigated molecules will also be investigated in relationship with subsequent body composition and bone health.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>The protocol was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on December 3^rd, 2024, with the ID number NCT06750523.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food and housing insecurity, adverse childhood experiences, and pediatric emergency department use","authors":"Raymen R. Assaf ,&nbsp;Theodore Heyming ,&nbsp;Tricia Morphew ,&nbsp;Kellie Bacon ,&nbsp;Shelby Shelton ,&nbsp;Jason A. Douglas","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the relationship between neighborhood-level <em>repression-adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)</em> (family member incarceration, community violence, discrimination), food and housing insecurity, and pediatric emergency department (ED) utilization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The measured exposures were food/housing insecurity, <em>repression-ACEs</em>, and childhood opportunity index (COI 3.0) based on caregiver/patient surveys and home address. The primary outcome was ED visits 12 months before and after the ED index visit. Multivariable regression models examined associations between the exposures and annual ED visit rates per 100 patients, adjusting for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From March 2021 - May 2023 6228 patients (range 0–22 years) had an index ED visit. 64.9 % were Hispanic, 7.0 % Asian, 1.9 % Black, 7.0 % Other/multiple races, and 19.1 % White. Of the participants, 11.6 % had a <em>repression-ACE</em>; 22.3 % food or housing insecurity, and average COI was moderate (53.3, SD = 23.8). Food and housing insecurity were higher among Black (29.0 %) and Hispanic (26.3 %) participants (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Very low to moderate COI was highest in Black (51.3 %) and Hispanic (77.4 %) participants (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Black participants reported the highest <em>repression-ACEs</em> (25.6 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In univariate analyses, food insecurity (RR = 1.12, <em>p</em> = 0.07) and housing insecurity (RR = 1.13, <em>p</em> = 0.04) increased the ED visit rate. Experiencing discrimination increased this rate by 27 %, (RR = 1.27, <em>p</em> = 0.02). The effect of violence exposure (<em>p</em> = 0.03) and family member incarceration (<em>p</em> = 0.07) on ED visit rate varied across racial groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>Repression-ACEs</em> interact with race and ethnicity and social inequities (food/housing insecurity, COI) in shaping ED utilization. Impacts of ACEs on children’s health continue to shape inequities in pediatrics while defining areas for action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome and its predictors of children with nosocomial infection in ayder pediatric ICU, Tigray, Ethiopia","authors":"Hansa Haftu Lemma ,&nbsp;Abdikarin Ahmed Mohamed ,&nbsp;Amanuel Hadgu ,&nbsp;Teklu Gebrehiwot Gebremichael","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The main objectives of this study were to assess the outcomes and predictors of nosocomial infections in pediatric patients.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A hospital-based retrospective observational study and a consecutive sampling technique were used to collect data. Categorical data were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis was also used to assess survival. P-values &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 45 patients who developed nosocomial infections were analyzed. The incidence density of nosocomial infection was 41.1 per 1000 patient-days. Most patients were male (53.3 %) and under 14 (75.6 %), with a median age of 1 year. Statistically significant variables associated with increased mortality included female gender, transfer from the ward, prolonged maintenance fluid duration (&gt;3 days), the need for mechanical ventilation, and the presence of comorbid illnesses, as indicated by chi-square analysis. Patients with nosocomial infections had a longer hospital stay (20 days vs. 10 days) and a higher mortality rate (26.7 % vs. 19.1 %) compared to those without nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections resulted in an excess crude mortality rate of 7.5 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Preventive measures should be prioritized given the identified risk factors for nosocomial infections. Patients with nosocomial infections are at an increased risk of mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of dengue severity scores for shock prediction: A pediatric cohort in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam","authors":"Ly Cong Tran,&nbsp;Phuong Minh Nguyen,&nbsp;Toan Khanh Nguyen,&nbsp;Tam Phuong Nguyen,&nbsp;Ngan Nguyen Quynh Tran,&nbsp;Tien Hoang Vo,&nbsp;Kim Vo Thien Pham,&nbsp;Vinh Tri Lam,&nbsp;Huong Thien Mai,&nbsp;My Hoang Le","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) is a life-threatening complication of dengue infection, particularly in children. Early identification of those at risk of progression to DSS is essential for improving outcomes, especially in resource-limited settings such as Vietnam. This study aimed to determine the utility of three dengue scoring systems—Pongpan 2013 (Score I), Srisuphanunt 2022 (Score II), and a modified Bhaskar 2022 (Score III)—in predicting DSS in pediatric patients by systematically assessing their discrimination and calibration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cohort study included children aged ≤ 16 years with dengue infection, admitted to a central hospital in the Mekong Delta region between December 2022 and October 2024. The predictive utility of three scoring systems was evaluated using measures of discrimination and calibration. Discrimination was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, calibration plots, mean absolute error (MAE), and 90th percentile of absolute calibration error (P90).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the studied patients, 25.0 % progressed to DSS. The median day of illness at admission was 4 (interquartile range: 2–4). All three scores demonstrated excellent discrimination: Score (I), AUC = 0.916 (95 % CI: 0.865–0.967); Score (II), AUC = 0.897 (95 % CI: 0.842–0.951); Score (III), AUC = 0.849 (95 % CI: 0.781–0.918); all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. Calibration was best in Score (III), with χ²(<em>df</em>) = 2.24(3), <em>p</em> = 0.524, MAE = 0.036, and P90 = 0.094. Score (I) and Score (II) showed poorer calibration, with significant Hosmer-Lemeshow p-values and higher error metrics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Score (III) demonstrates balanced predictive performance and may aid early DSS risk stratification in pediatric dengue. Further validation in diverse settings is needed before routine use. Scoring systems should complement, not replace, continuous clinical monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal umbilical hernia: A simple noninvasive technique","authors":"Jayalaxmi Shripati Aihole","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2025.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A congenital umbilical hernia is a common anomaly seen at birth or during infancy, as a small or large umbilical bulge or swelling due to herniation of the bowel or omentum, mostly requiring medical attention. If umbilical fascial ring fails to close and obliterate after the separation of umbilical cord soon after birth, will be clinically presenting as umbilical hernia. Though spontaneous resolution of umbilical hernia is established fact, but however, duration of it, is still a matter of speculation and what should be done during this waiting period: twiddling the thumbs? and how to avoid surgical interventions or morbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Aim and methods</h3><div>Hence author proposes here a conservative, non-invasive management technique by mother herself to help to heal her baby from this anomaly during this watchful expectancy period to avoid fatalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}