Global pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Acute pulmonary atelectasis in infants and its management","authors":"Jayalaxmi Shripati Aihole","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is commonly seen in the age group of 1–3years, is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. They are less commonly seen below one year, hence challenging to manage. Aspiration of organic FB (Foreign body) causes severe airway mucosal inflammation. If not promptly removed, chronic inflammation sets in leading to the development of granulation tissue around it, ultimately presenting as a lung infection and collapse. Author is reporting here two rare cases of acute atelectasis in infants and their management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266700972400068X/pdfft?md5=1632e99ac95b933ac4fe4c12862a0fa4&pid=1-s2.0-S266700972400068X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141328382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene therapy for rare haematological and neurometabolic paediatric diseases","authors":"Vera Gallo ,&nbsp;Alessandro Aiuti","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, gene therapy hast the potential to cure an increasingly greater number of monogenic inherited disorders with absent or limited treatment options, and radically change their natural history. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) represent one of the preferred targets for gene therapy, as genetic modification of multipotent cells ensures a permanent correction of the progeny. Gene-corrected HSCs and their progeny can also be used as cell vehicles to deliver molecules into the circulation and tissues, including the central nervous system or the skeleton. Major successes of this approach have been achieved in the field of monogenic blood disorders and neurometabolic diseases and several medicinal products have recently reached the stage of marketing approval by the EMA based on safety and efficacy data collected over more than 10 years of clinical trials. Gene therapy for these severe pathologies offers undeniable advantages over the sole alternative therapy of allogeneic transplantation because it can be applied to every patient, even when no matched HLA donor is available, reducing mortality and complications related to allogeneic transplantation, such as graft-versus-host disease, graft rejection, organ toxicity, and infections. Additionally, in neurometabolic diseases, gene therapy allows supra-physiological expression of the transgene, consequently producing supra-normal levels of the missing enzyme, providing a greater clinical benefit compared to allogeneic transplantation. Despite these remarkable achievements, several challenges remain for HSPC gene therapy regarding access to treatment and its sustainability for the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000642/pdfft?md5=0ccc863d2c64a0cc399dfdb1a7a1ac1f&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000642-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The accident prevention","authors":"Aida Mujkić ,&nbsp;Jasmina Šeremet Zebec","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000599/pdfft?md5=c38bbabfa662b8afbffb0d79f404635b&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000599-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The management of disability in children and adolescents","authors":"Aida Mujkić,&nbsp;Iva Lukačević Lovrenčić","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Children with disabilities are children 18 years or younger who have “long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others”. In a 2021 report, UNICEF estimated that there are 236.35 million (10.1 %) children with disabilities aged 0–17 years.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This review discusses how care management for children and adolescents with disabilities should be shaped to facilitate the coordination, integration, and continuity of care for this group, thereby improving their quality of life.</p></div><div><h3>Material and Method</h3><p>A desk review of the European and national strategic, legislative, and policy framework and a review of scientific literature related to the research area were carried out.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Care management for children and adolescents with disabilities requires a thorough analysis and understanding of many factors that shape the care processes. Care plans are an excellent tool for intertwining multiple perspectives of different experts, caregivers, and children/adolescents, intending to jointly shape short-term and long-term goals that will best strengthen the capacities of the child/adolescent and the caregivers and respond to their multidimensional needs. It is necessary to set goals within the current legal-administrative framework, taking into account the availability and quality of health care resources, therapy and rehabilitation programs, education, and social care, aiming to create an optimal model of social inclusion, financial, advisory, educational, and other support and to identify obstacles in the care path.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Individual approach, multidisciplinary cooperation, continuous education, and support for experts and caregivers, and thorough monitoring and evaluation of interventions are crucial in shaping optimal care for children and adolescents with disabilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000666/pdfft?md5=93b629fc4e05c924d234aed24aa79c89&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000666-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141292325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute kidney injury following neonatal sepsis: A case report in a Cameroonian setting","authors":"Andreas Chiabi ,&nbsp;Kate Kan ,&nbsp;Alex Mambap ,&nbsp;Christina Ntui ,&nbsp;Sankara Nykam ,&nbsp;Sandrine Ngeh ,&nbsp;Cecilia Fomenky ,&nbsp;Denis Nsame","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neonatal sepsis is a frequent disease affecting newborns worldwide. It can be life threatening causing multi-organ dysfunction. We present a case of a 28-day old neonate who was admitted for an acute kidney injury in the context of neonatal sepsis. Management was conservative and successful, and consisted of adequately treating the infection with antibiotics, correcting electrolyte imbalances, and judiciously administrating fluids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000575/pdfft?md5=e59434a6e0338240f4075f21e9dc90bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000575-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving primary health care for children and adolescents in Europe","authors":"Martin W. Weber,&nbsp;Sophie Jullien,&nbsp;Cassie Redlich,&nbsp;Jennifer Hall,&nbsp;Susanne Carai","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary health care for children in Europe is often not optimal. Primary care providers might not have been trained adequately in dealing with common conditions affecting children and adolescents, and outdated practices often persist. To address these problems, WHO developed the Pocket Book of Primary Health Care for Children and Adolescents<em>.</em> It is for use by doctors, nurses and other health workers who are responsible for the care of children and adolescents at the primary health care level. It summarizes guidance on how to manage – and when to refer – children and adolescents presenting with common complaints and conditions. It includes information to enable primary health care providers to coordinate the continued care of children and adolescents with long-term conditions and diseases managed by specialists. Preventive and promotive measures from the newborn period to adolescence include advice on the timing and content of well-child visits, the promotion of early childhood development and health messages for adolescents.</p><p>The recommendations of the Pocket Book apply across the WHO European Region and may be adapted by countries to suit their specific circumstances. A mobile APP for Android and IOS phones is available to facilitate uptake and dissemination. The Pocket Book and APP aim to improve quality of care for children and adolescents at the primary health care level. Quality of care is at the core of the comprehensive European Child and Adolescent Health Strategy that is being developed by Member States supported by WHO and partners to refocus attention on child and adolescent health after the COVID-19 pandemic had scooped attention and resources away from this age group. Countries are encouraged to adapt Pocket Book and Strategy to improve the situation of child and adolescent health and well-being in their settings and monitor progress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000629/pdfft?md5=fe0c03a0fe946d88ec93bc3bb79eb92a&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000629-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-year neurodevelopmental outcome in children with asymptomatic congenital CMV infection","authors":"Maria Novelli ,&nbsp;Elvira Caramuscio ,&nbsp;Fabio Natale ,&nbsp;Cristina Zitarelli ,&nbsp;Rosa Ferri ,&nbsp;Gianluca Terrin ,&nbsp;Barbara Caravale","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Infants with congenital CMV (cCMV) infection may show manifestations at birth and develop symptomatic disease, although the majority have no apparent clinical signs and should be considered asymptomatic (acCMV). Studies about neurodevelopmental and neurological sequelae in acCMV patients during childhood are few and contradictory, thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the neurological and neurodevelopmental outcomes in 1-year-old children with acCMV infections.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Thirty-five infants with acCMV infections were followed-up for 12 months and were compared to healthy children matched for age and gender. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID-III) were administered, and neurological examinations were performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Children with acCMV infection showed minimal to mild neurological signs and the score obtained from the Motor Scale was significantly lower than that of the control group. No significant differences between the two groups were found regarding the Cognitive and Language Scales.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Asymptomatic congenital infection of CMV may be associated with a decrease in motor skills that may become evident during the first year of life. Close monitoring is essential to determine if rehabilitative treatment is required for children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (acCMV). Longer follow-up is necessary to provide further details about their neurodevelopmental outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000605/pdfft?md5=5ed5f4be61c036f1556bef5e997fbb40&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000605-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-economic burden of sickle cell disease on families attending sickle cell clinic in Kano state, northwestern Nigeria","authors":"I.I. Beli ,&nbsp;L.A. Ali ,&nbsp;C.C. Onuoha ,&nbsp;M. Jasseh ,&nbsp;M. Zentar ,&nbsp;N. Belakoul ,&nbsp;Y. Layadi ,&nbsp;J.A. Deblui ,&nbsp;M. Fathi ,&nbsp;A.H. Sani ,&nbsp;A.G. Adamu ,&nbsp;M.A. Mbahi ,&nbsp;T. Laachfoubi ,&nbsp;M. Umar","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to assess the socio-economic impact of sickle cell disease (SCD) on families of patients receiving care at the SCD clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) in Kano, Northwest Nigeria. The research adopted a descriptive cross-sectional approach, involving the participation of 273 individuals selected through a multi-stage sampling method. Data was gathered using semi-structured interviews and subjected to analysis using SPSS software. The study achieved a 100 % response rate, with 84 % of the participants being females. The average age of the participants was 35.1 ± 8.6 years, and a significant proportion (79.9 %) reported a monthly income of thirty thousand naira or less. The findings of the study revealed that SCD had a notable social impact, affecting 93.5 % of participants occasionally and 5.8 % most of the time. Furthermore, a substantial financial burden was experienced by 54.2 % of respondents most of the time and 45.1 % occasionally. The research also highlighted the significant influence of SCD on guardians' employment status, income levels, time spent in hospitals, medical expenditures, and overall quality of life. These findings underscore the considerable social and financial challenges faced by guardians of SCD patients. Study results supports prioritizing affordable healthcare access for families affected by SCD to alleviate the burdens they face.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000617/pdfft?md5=c25cbc96f5e4dbf45eae3ddbb8b6ef31&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000617-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid lockdown and repaying the immunity debt in children","authors":"Peng Han ,&nbsp;Kunling Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have been proven effective. While reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, NPIs also reduced children's exposure to other pathogens, leading to a decline in the incidence of many viral and bacterial infections. The reduction in contact with viruses and bacteria could result in insufficient immune stimulation of pathogens in the population, leading to an increase in susceptible populations and a decline in herd immunity, which form the immunity debt during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Immunity debt can impact the pattern of seasonal pathogens, increase the incidence and severity of invasive infections, and potentially raise the risk of allergic diseases in children. Immunization, continuing to implement NPIs, pathogen monitoring, and health education are important measures to repay immunity debt. Besides, trained immunity, referring to the memory immunity produced by the innate immune system upon re-stimulation, can be employed as a non-specific measure to prevent the spread of pathogens. The protective effect of trained immunity can be used as a temporary preventive measure for emerging infectious diseases and create conditions for vaccine development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000630/pdfft?md5=476c9da9b0c328eb8aeb152f93d26eaa&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000630-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141292324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adverse effects of vaping in young people","authors":"Judith Meehan ,&nbsp;Mairead Heffron ,&nbsp;Helen Mc Avoy ,&nbsp;Ciara Reynolds ,&nbsp;Louise Kyne ,&nbsp;Des W Cox","doi":"10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpeds.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vapes or e-cigarettes are battery operated devices that heat a liquid until it becomes a vapour, which is inhaled. Typically, e-liquids contain nicotine, different flavourings, and propylene glycol. Vaping devices are either disposable vapes or rechargeable. Vapes were initially developed as stop smoking aid but they have now become a recreational product popular among teenagers.</p><p>Vaping has increased at an alarming rate among teenagers and young adults in Ireland. The European Schools Project for Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) survey 2019 showed that almost 4 in 10 Irish 16-year-olds had tried vaping and 15 % currently use them. More worrying is the dramatic rise in the use of disposable vapes in recent years. An Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) UK survey data revealed a 9-fold increase from 2021 to 2023 in their use (7.7 % to 69 %) among 11–17-year-old vapers.</p><p>A combination of clever marketing by vaping companies, a strong social media presence, attractive flavours and easy accessibility has contributed to the increasing use of vapes by young people.</p><p>Exposure of children and adolescents to nicotine in vaping solutions can lead to long-term negative impacts on brain development, as well as addiction. Many teenagers who vape experience poor concentration, anxiety, mood disorders and sleep disturbance. A paper from NEJM in 2022 reported a case series where chronic vaping resulted in small airway fibrosis of the airways. A systematic review conducted in 2021 concluded that teenager vapers were three to five times more likely to take up tobacco smoking when compared with non-vapers.</p><p>Strong legislation is required to ban the sale of disposable vapes to teenagers along with controls on marketing online. Healthcare Professionals should ask and counsel their patients about vaping. Increased public awareness and education for Health care professionals on teenage vaping needs to be addressed.</p><p>Vaping has become a global public health issue that must be addressed urgently.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73173,"journal":{"name":"Global pediatrics","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667009724000587/pdfft?md5=ad73dbc1bf98177f7550da76206ee5d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2667009724000587-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141243710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}