{"title":"Poly pipeline: a polyvalent spatial transcriptomics workflow validated across polyploid and diploid organisms.","authors":"Pedro C Carvalho, Tori MIllsteed, Robert J Henry","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.190","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has emerged as a transformative approach for visualizing tissue landscapes, yet it faces significant challenges regarding data standardization, sparsity, and the analysis of complex genomes, particularly polyploid plants. To address these limitations, we introduce Poly Pipeline, a robust and universal bioinformatic workflow designed to streamline analysis across diverse plant and animal genomes. The pipeline integrates a comprehensive converter for proprietary formats, clustering algorithms, and hdWGCNA co-expression networks, which indirectly preserves the expression signatures of low-expressed duplicated genes. Benchmarking across datasets from wheat, rice, <i>Arabidopsis</i>, and mouse demonstrated the broad applicability of the pipeline in identifying relevant clusters, showing effectiveness across diverse organisms and data types. By providing a unified and reproducible framework, Poly Pipeline addresses a critical gap in analyzing genomic redundancy, especially that related to polyploidy, and promotes FAIR data principles for the broader scientific community.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanie Dörr, Abdoallah Sharaf, Luigi Colin, Kevin Schuster, Alyssa C Bell, Christian R Voolstra
{"title":"The genome of the coral model sea anemone <i>Exaiptasia diaphana</i> (Aiptasia) strain F003.","authors":"Melanie Dörr, Abdoallah Sharaf, Luigi Colin, Kevin Schuster, Alyssa C Bell, Christian R Voolstra","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.188","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly of Aiptasia strain F003, a broadly used laboratory strain of the sea anemone and coral model <i>Exaiptasia diaphana</i> (Cnidaria; Anthozoa; Hexacorallia; Actiniaria; Aiptasiidae; <i>Exaiptasia</i>). The genome assembly spans 237.34 Mb across 12,480 contigs with a contig N50 of 76.47 kb (12,423 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 77.93 kb), including a single-contig mitochondrial genome with a length of 19.79 kb. The assembly is highly complete with a BUSCO completeness of 96.50% based on the metazoa dataset, comprising 94.80% single-copy and 1.70% duplicated BUSCO genes; 1.70% were fragmented and 1.80% were missing. Genome annotation identified 29,589 protein-coding genes (including 2 pseudogenes) and a repeat content of 32.89%. The genome of the female Aiptasia strain F003 enhances the utility of a key cnidarian model organism by enabling comparisons among Aiptasia strains in studies of symbiosis, microbiomes, and thermal stress. It thereby strengthens the value of Aiptasia as a model for investigating the mechanisms underlying coral holobiont function, response, and resilience to environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ling-Hong Hung, Niharika Nasam, Chris Biju, Wes Lloyd, Ka Yee Yeung
{"title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing data processing using cloud-based serverless computing.","authors":"Ling-Hong Hung, Niharika Nasam, Chris Biju, Wes Lloyd, Ka Yee Yeung","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.191","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become a routine method for measuring cell activities. We present a novel and generalizable methodology using serverless cloud computing to accelerate computationally intensive workflows. We create an on-demand \"supercomputer\" using rapidly deployable cloud serverless functions as automatically provisioned computation units. We tested our methodology of optimizing an scRNA-seq workflow by leveraging serverless functions on the cloud using two publicly available peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) datasets. In addition, we demonstrate our approach using a 450 GB human scRNA-seq knockout dataset, comprising 13 samples from different developmental time points, designed to study the temporal impact of perturbations on pancreatic differentiation. We compared the execution time of the scRNA-seq serverless workflow with an optimized workflow without serverless functions running on identical hardware, and demonstrate speedups for all tested datasets, reaching 7.0-fold for the largest dataset. Our software is open source and distributed under the MIT license. Code and documentation are publicly available at https://github.com/BioDepot/scRNA-serverless.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlo Maria De Marco, Verena Pichler, Federica Gobbo, Sara Manzi, Eleonora Rosso, Federica Toniolo, Elena Carra, Angelica Petrella, Annalisa Grisendi, Francesco Defilippo, Carlotta Tessarolo, Elisabetta Ercole, Annalisa Accorsi, Andrea Mosca, Filippo Cassina, Marco Di Domenico, Valeria Di Lollo, Matteo De Ascentis, Silvio Gerardo D'Alessio, Ilaria Congiu, Valentina Donati, Valeria Carioti, Fahimeh Bandieinia, Stefano Gavaudan, Cristina Canonico, Guido Favia, Francesca Racciatti, Roberta Spaccapelo, Celine Alami, Claudio de Martinis, Alessia Pucciarelli, Gerardo Picazio, Maurizio Viscardi, Loredana Capozzi, Maria Grazia Cariglia, Luana Violante, Cipriano Foxi, Daniele Dedola, Valentina Sini, Luca Ruiu, Alessia Vinci, Silvia Scibetta, Eugenia Oliveri, Stefano Reale, Maria Liliana Di Pasquale, Sara Villari, Beniamino Caputo, Alessandra Della Torre
{"title":"Tracking <i>kdr</i> alleles associated with pyrethroid resistance in <i>Aedes albopictus</i> across Italy: a nationwide genotypic dataset by MosqIRIT network.","authors":"Carlo Maria De Marco, Verena Pichler, Federica Gobbo, Sara Manzi, Eleonora Rosso, Federica Toniolo, Elena Carra, Angelica Petrella, Annalisa Grisendi, Francesco Defilippo, Carlotta Tessarolo, Elisabetta Ercole, Annalisa Accorsi, Andrea Mosca, Filippo Cassina, Marco Di Domenico, Valeria Di Lollo, Matteo De Ascentis, Silvio Gerardo D'Alessio, Ilaria Congiu, Valentina Donati, Valeria Carioti, Fahimeh Bandieinia, Stefano Gavaudan, Cristina Canonico, Guido Favia, Francesca Racciatti, Roberta Spaccapelo, Celine Alami, Claudio de Martinis, Alessia Pucciarelli, Gerardo Picazio, Maurizio Viscardi, Loredana Capozzi, Maria Grazia Cariglia, Luana Violante, Cipriano Foxi, Daniele Dedola, Valentina Sini, Luca Ruiu, Alessia Vinci, Silvia Scibetta, Eugenia Oliveri, Stefano Reale, Maria Liliana Di Pasquale, Sara Villari, Beniamino Caputo, Alessandra Della Torre","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.185","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This data paper presents a curated, georeferenced dataset of the frequencies of the two main target site mutations (V1016G and F1534C) associated with resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in <i>Aedes albopictus</i> in Italy. Populations were collected in 102 out 107 Italian provinces between 2023 and 2025. Specimens were sampled by members of the Mosquito Insecticide Resistance Italian Network (MosqIRIT) as part of RN2 activities within the INF-ACT project. Genotyping was performed on 3,517 individuals by specific allele-specific PCR assays. Each record includes metadata on sampling site, administrative location, developmental stage, collection method, and mutation-specific genotype frequencies. To support spatial analysis modelling effort, the dataset integrates geographic, eco-climatic, and demographic data. This resource will support mosquito control programs, pyrethroid resistance monitoring and managing, as well as ecological modelling, and is compliant with the FAIR data program.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13359220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pritpal Singh, Jocelyn H Wright, Kimberly S Smythe, Bryce Fukuda, Ling-Hong Hung, Cecilia C S Yeung, Ka Yee Yeung
{"title":"Graphical and interactive spatial proteomics image analysis workflow.","authors":"Pritpal Singh, Jocelyn H Wright, Kimberly S Smythe, Bryce Fukuda, Ling-Hong Hung, Cecilia C S Yeung, Ka Yee Yeung","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.186","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spatial proteomics provides a spatially resolved view of protein expression and localization within cells and tissues by mapping the location and abundance of proteins. There is a need for fully-integrated end-to-end imaging workflows for spatial proteomic analysis that are flexible, reproducible, and support graphical and interactive visualizations. We present a modular and interactive spatial proteomic image analysis workflow with individual containerized steps that empowers biomedical researchers to reproducibly execute and customize complex analyses. Our workflow consists of cell segmentation, unsupervised clustering with optional batch correction, validation of clusters on the image, and cell type clustering results visualization. A form-based graphical interface can be utilized to execute and customize multi-step workflows with a single click or interactively adjust image processing steps within the workflow, apply workflows to various datasets, and modify input parameters as needed. We illustrated the functionality of our workflow using human normal tonsil and colorectal cancer tissues stained by high-plex immunohistochemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladislav Ivanov, Kardelen Özgün Uludağ, Jutta M Schneider, Yannis Schöneberg, Susan Kennedy, Alexander Ben Hamadou, Cor J Vink, Henrik Krehenwinkel
{"title":"Closely related, yet phenotypically different - Genome assemblies of two sister species of widow spiders: <i>Latrodectus hasselti</i> and <i>L. katipo</i>, Theridiidae.","authors":"Vladislav Ivanov, Kardelen Özgün Uludağ, Jutta M Schneider, Yannis Schöneberg, Susan Kennedy, Alexander Ben Hamadou, Cor J Vink, Henrik Krehenwinkel","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.181","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Widow spiders of the genus <i>Latrodectus</i> are important animals for biomedical, pest and conservation research. Here, we present the assembled genomes of two closely related <i>Latrodectus</i> species: the Australian <i>L. hasselti</i> and the New Zealand endemic <i>L. katipo</i>. The genome of <i>L. katipo</i> consists of 13 scaffolds likely corresponding to chromosomes (90% of the total length) and 1267 short scaffolds (10%). It has a total length of 1.5 Gbp and BUSCO of 94.9%. The genome of <i>L. hasselti</i> consists of 379 scaffolds and has a total length of 1.7 Gbp and a BUSCO score of 95.4%. The repeat content is very similar in both genomes with a total proportion of 37.2% for <i>L. katipo</i> and 39.9% for <i>L. hasselti</i>. Genome annotation predicted 12706 and 15111 genes for <i>L. katipo</i> and <i>L. hasselti</i> respectively. An ortholog analysis shows large overlap between orthogroups suggesting either duplication events in <i>L. hasselti</i> or loss of genes in <i>L. katipo</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filip Jesionowski, David C Rotzinger, Adrien Jayet, Guillaume Fahrni
{"title":"ChestPathCT5-S100: an open real-world chest CT dataset of five common thoracic pathologies with heterogeneous acquisition conditions.","authors":"Filip Jesionowski, David C Rotzinger, Adrien Jayet, Guillaume Fahrni","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.184","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present ChestPathCT5-S100, an open dataset of 87 real-world chest CT examinations spanning five common thoracic pathologies: rib fracture, pleural effusion, lung mass, pulmonary embolism, and pneumothorax. The dataset was assembled from a retrospective single-centre cohort over a ten-year period, intentionally preserving acquisition heterogeneity and concomitant findings representative of routine clinical practice. Cases include both contrast-enhanced (arterial and venous phase) and non-contrast examinations, drawn from emergency, oncologic, and trauma settings. All imaging volumes are provided in NIfTI format. Technical validation by two radiologists confirmed correct pathology category assignment, image integrity, and unambiguous visibility of the dominant pathology for each case. A binary co-occurrence matrix of concomitant findings is provided to support multi-label research designs. ChestPathCT5-S100 is publicly available on Zenodo under a CC0 1.0 license, permitting unrestricted use and redistribution. The dataset supports classification, detection, weakly supervised learning, and multi-task learning paradigms.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dania El Rahal, David C Rotzinger, Guillaume Fahrni
{"title":"AortaSeg-60: an open real-world CT-angiography dataset of the aorta with automated segmentation masks and pathological variability.","authors":"Dania El Rahal, David C Rotzinger, Guillaume Fahrni","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.183","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present AortaSeg-60, an open dataset of 60 real-world thoraco-abdominal CT-angiography scans of the aorta encompassing normal anatomy and pathological variations, designed for AI research, benchmarking, and educational purposes. The dataset is organized into six balanced categories: young normal, elderly normal, aortic aneurysms, aortic dissections, venous acquisition, and non-contrast acquisition, capturing realistic anatomical and pathological diversity. All scans are provided in NIfTI format with fully automated aortic segmentation masks generated using TotalSegmentator, without manual correction, enabling evaluation of typical algorithmic errors and testing of refinement strategies. Two radiologists performed a technical validation to ensure dataset curation and correct category assignment. AortaSeg-60 is publicly available on Zenodo under a CC0 license. By providing paired imaging and automated labels, the dataset facilitates reproducible research, algorithm development, and method comparison for vascular segmentation, while noting limitations of sample size, single-centre acquisition, and reliance on automated annotations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13219735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura E Timm, Yin-Chen Hsieh, J Andrés López, Sydney A Almgren, Jessica R Glass
{"title":"A chromosome-level reference genome for Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii)</i> from the Bering Sea.","authors":"Laura E Timm, Yin-Chen Hsieh, J Andrés López, Sydney A Almgren, Jessica R Glass","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.182","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i>) serve as a critical trophic link between plankton and many marine species targeted by fisheries. With a broad distribution throughout the North Pacific Ocean, from the Arctic to temperate latitudes, herring hold ecological, economic, and cultural importance. Despite this importance, genomic resources for this species, such as reference genome sequences, have only recently become available. To date, only one scaffold-level reference genome, representing a specimen from the Gulf of Alaska (Vancouver; 1,379 scaffolds), has been published to NCBI. Addressing this data gap, we produced a high quality 795 Mb genome sequence organized into 26 chromosomes combining long read sequencing with short read sequencing of proximity ligation libraries. Our assembly is highly complete (BUSCO score of 97.7%) and contiguous (922 contigs, N50 = 7,338,470, L50 = 38; 26 scaffolds, N50 = 31,494,017; L50 = 12). Pacific herring from the Bering Sea are genetically differentiated from those south of the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula, making a reference genome from the eastern Bering Sea an important addition to the Pacific herring's genomic toolbox.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13219836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148140103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Achmad Dimas Cahyaning Furqon, Leah W Roberts, Michael B Hall
{"title":"Efficient downsampling of genome alignments with Rasusa.","authors":"Achmad Dimas Cahyaning Furqon, Leah W Roberts, Michael B Hall","doi":"10.46471/gigabyte.180","DOIUrl":"10.46471/gigabyte.180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-throughput sequencing datasets frequently exhibit extreme read depth variation, biasing downstream analysis. Normalising coverage to a specific depth cap is important, yet existing tools rely on computationally expensive fetch-based or non-deterministic greedy algorithms. Here, we present a new coordinate-sorted sweep-line algorithm implemented in the open-source software rasusa that enforces a strict coverage cap at every genomic position. By utilising seeded random priority assignment, we achieve unbiased, reproducible read selection. The algorithm reduces runtimes by over 1,400-fold compared to legacy fetch-based methods-slashing processing from hours to mere seconds-and operates roughly four times faster than VariantBam. Furthermore, it requires only 8 MB of memory for long-read data. This provides a highly efficient, scalable, and reproducible solution for sequencing coverage normalisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73157,"journal":{"name":"GigaByte (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"2026 ","pages":"gigabyte180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}