Gastro hep advances最新文献

{"title":"A Case of Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis Suggesting Two Potential Disease Activity Markers","authors":"Kazuki Natsui ,&nbsp;Seiichi Yoshikawa ,&nbsp;Ayano Kagata ,&nbsp;Yusuke Horibata ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Usuda ,&nbsp;Manabu Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Shuji Terai","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is divided into 2 main subtypes: type 1 AIP (AIP-1) and type 2 AIP (AIP-2). This report describes a young woman diagnosed with AIP-2 using endoscopic ultrasound–guided tissue acquisition. AIP-2 has been reported less frequently than AIP-1 as serologic abnormalities and other organ involvement except for inflammatory bowel disease are absent. Additional laboratory analyses suggest that serum interleukin-8 and leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein are more efficient disease activity biomarkers than conventional C-reactive proteins. We hope that this case report will contribute to the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers for AIP-2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Advanced Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Type IV Collagen 7S","authors":"Hiroshi Ishiba ,&nbsp;Yoshio Sumida ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Kamada ,&nbsp;Hideki Fujii ,&nbsp;Michihiro Iwaki ,&nbsp;Hideki Hayashi ,&nbsp;Hidenori Toyoda ,&nbsp;Satoshi Oeda ,&nbsp;Hideyuki Hyogo ,&nbsp;Miwa Kawanaka ,&nbsp;Asahiro Morishita ,&nbsp;Kensuke Munekage ,&nbsp;Kazuhito Kawata ,&nbsp;Tsubasa Tsutsumi ,&nbsp;Koji Sawada ,&nbsp;Tatsuji Maeshiro ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Tobita ,&nbsp;Yuichi Yoshida ,&nbsp;Masafumi Naito ,&nbsp;Asuka Araki ,&nbsp;Takeshi Okanoue","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Type IV collagen 7S (COL4-7S) is a simple, noninvasive biomarker for liver fibrosis. However, whether COL4-7S can detect advanced fibrosis (AF) and predict the prognosis of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unclear. We examined the clinical efficacy of COL4-7S in diagnosing AF and determining MASLD prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Overall, 881 Japanese patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease between 1994 and 2020 were enrolled. Serum COL4-7S levels were measured by radioimmunoassay, and 2 cutoff points were set as 5.1 ng/mL and 7.2 ng/mL. The patients were assigned to 3 groups based on the COL4-7S level. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the predictive performance of COL4-7S for liver-related events (LREs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 866 MASLD patients were enrolled. The median follow-up period was 4.3 years. Thirty-one patients developed LREs. The area under the curve for COL4-7S in patients with AF was 0.847. The adjusted hazard ratios for LREs in 4.8 ≤ COL4-7S &lt; 6.8 and COL4-7S ≥6.8 patients were 6.0 (<em>P</em> = .009) and 27.9 (<em>P</em> &lt; .001) compared with COL4-7S &lt;4.8, and the adjusted hazard ratio of AF on liver biopsy was 1.6 (<em>P</em> = .286). The incidence rate of LREs was low when the Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) &lt;1.30. When the FIB-4 &gt;1.30, effective stratification of the LRE risk group was possible by stratification of COL4-7S. A combination of FIB-4 and COL4-7S stratified risk groups for future LRE development more effectively than when used singly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>COL4-7S accurately diagnosed AF and predicted LREs. COL4-7S and a combination of FIB-4 and COL4-7S might help physicians estimate the prognosis of future LRE risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 7","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Changes in the Gut Microbiome of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome After Campylobacter Infection are Associated With Proteolytic Activity","authors":"Amanda Blankenberger ,&nbsp;Elvira Lesmana ,&nbsp;Lu Yang ,&nbsp;Isin Y. Comba ,&nbsp;Adam Edwinson ,&nbsp;Margaret Breen-Lyles ,&nbsp;Ashley Keehn ,&nbsp;Robin Patel ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Ruben A. Mars ,&nbsp;Purna Kashyap ,&nbsp;Gianrico Farrugia ,&nbsp;Madhusudan Grover","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100683","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 8","pages":"Article 100683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic Leiomyosarcoma","authors":"Maria R. Karam ,&nbsp;Viviane Smayra ,&nbsp;Rita Slim","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 8","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Prediction in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatohepatitis Using Natural Language Processing","authors":"Jordan Guillot ,&nbsp;Christopher Y.K. Williams ,&nbsp;Shadera Azzam ,&nbsp;Balu Bhasuran ,&nbsp;Gail Fernandes ,&nbsp;Boshu Ru ,&nbsp;Joe Yang ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;R. Ravi Shankar ,&nbsp;Jin Ge ,&nbsp;Vivek A. Rudrapatna","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a highly heterogenous condition and a leading cause of end-stage liver disease. Understanding disease progression in real-world settings remains a major unmet need. We sought to define a real-world MASH cohort using natural language processing (NLP) and identify significant associations with all-cause mortality and progression to cirrhosis and liver transplantation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed, validated, and applied a novel NLP algorithm, “NASHDetection,” to identify patients at the University of California San Francisco who were diagnosed with MASH between 2012 and 2022. We used Cox regression with bidirectional stepwise variable selection to identify significant associations with outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NASHDetection was 86% accurate at identifying 2695 MASH patients. At the time of their diagnosis, the median age was 57 years; 55.4% had cirrhosis at baseline, with 34.0% having evidence of decompensation and 10.8% with hepatocellular carcinoma. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (61.9%), hyperlipidemia (47.4%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (41.5%). Multiple comorbidities were associated with all-cause mortality, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio (HR): 1.36; confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.73), heart failure (HR: 1.45; CI: 1.01–2.08), and peripheral artery disease (HR: 1.72; CI: 1.04–2.85). Significant laboratory-based predictors of mortality included high–low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR: 1.49; CI: 1.20–1.84) and high alkaline phosphatase (HR: 1.94; CI: 1.58–2.38).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We described a cohort of real-world MASH patients using a new NLP algorithm and found several potential predictors of progression to all-cause mortality, cirrhosis, and liver transplantation. The use of NLP to characterize these patients can help support the development of future interventional trials in MASH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 9","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional and Structural Investigation of Myenteric Neurons in the Human Colon","authors":"Kristin Elfers ,&nbsp;Alina Sophia Sehnert ,&nbsp;Alexander Wagner ,&nbsp;Ulrich Zwirner ,&nbsp;Helena Linge ,&nbsp;Ulf Kulik ,&nbsp;Daniel Poehnert ,&nbsp;Markus Winny ,&nbsp;Benjamin Gundert ,&nbsp;Heiko Aselmann ,&nbsp;Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The enteric nervous system independently controls gastrointestinal function including motility, which is primarily mediated by the myenteric plexus, therefore also playing a crucial role in functional intestinal disorders. Live recordings from human myenteric neurons proved to be challenging due to technical difficulties. Using the neuroimaging technique, we are able to record human colonic myenteric neuronal activity and investigate their functional properties in a large cohort of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Activity from myenteric neurons in wholemount preparations of different sampling sites of fresh, human colonic tissue was recorded using neuroimaging with the voltage sensitive dye 1-(3-sulfanatopropyl)-4-[beta[2-(di-n-octylamino)-6-naphthyl]vinyl]pyridinium betaine. Neuronal responses were analyzed following stimulation with nicotine and serotonin (5-HT) for differences based on the donor’s age, the disorder indicative for surgery and the colonic region. Immunohistochemistry was performed to calculate the total neuronal numbers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Stimulation with nicotine and 5-HT elicited reproducible action potential discharge in a proportion of human myenteric neurons. The responses to 5-HT were significantly greater in tissues from older patients and from those with inflammatory disorders, while neuronal activity to nicotinergic stimulation was comparable in all patients. Neuronal numbers declined with rising patient’s age and was highest in the sigmoid colon.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Neuroimaging with 1-(3-sulfanatopropyl)-4-[beta[2-(di-n-octylamino)-6-naphthyl]vinyl]pyridinium betaine was successfully adapted to record reproducible responses from human colonic myenteric neurons upon pharmacological stimulation. Evidence exists for an impact of age and inflammation on the serotonergic neuronal signaling and for differences in neuronal numbers in the distinct colonic regions as well as a neuronal decrease with age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provider Adherence to the 2020 US Multi-Society Task Force Guidelines for Surveillance After Colonoscopy With Polypectomy","authors":"Benjamin E. Cassell ,&nbsp;Katherine Scholand ,&nbsp;Wyatt Tarter ,&nbsp;Camille J. Hochheimer ,&nbsp;Colleen Long ,&nbsp;Gregory L. Austin","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The 2020 United States Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer guidelines for surveillance after colonoscopy with polypectomy introduced significant changes in surveillance intervals. We sought to identify rates of adherence to these new guidelines at an academic medical center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Average-risk screening colonoscopies where 1 to 4 polyps &lt;10 mm were removed between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021 were included. To determine predictors of nonadherence, a multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted and included patient and procedure-related variables. Bayesian changepoint analysis was applied to identify timing of change in adherence. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify predictors of variability within the guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One thousand twenty-six procedures were analyzed. Adherence to the guidelines was 85%. In procedures with 1 to 2 polyps, increasing size (odds ratio [OR] 0.84 per mm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–0.93) and a mixture of tubular adenomas (TA) and hyperplastic polyps (OR 0.35; 95% CI: 0.21–0.59) were associated with nonadherence. Among procedures with 1 to 2 TAs, age (OR 0.86 per 5-year increase; 95% CI: 0.75–0.99), increasing size (OR 0.86 per mm; 95% CI: 0.75–0.99) and polyp number (OR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.33–0.90) were associated with nonadherence. Changepoint analysis identified a potential changepoint on September 2, 2020 (95% credible interval April 2, 2020–February 22, 2020). Larger TAs were less likely to receive a 10-year recommendation (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.5–0.75).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adherence rates to the 2020 surveillance guidelines were high with a potential changepoint identified on 2/9/20. Deviation from guidelines was associated with patient and procedure related variables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Sporadic Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Dan Li ,&nbsp;Sheng-Fang Jiang ,&nbsp;Theodore R. Levin ,&nbsp;Ajay Goel ,&nbsp;Douglas A. Corley","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Utility of Anorectal Manometry: A Review of Current Practices","authors":"Eleanor Aubrey Belilos ,&nbsp;Zoë Post ,&nbsp;Sierra Anderson ,&nbsp;Mark DeMeo","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anorectal manometry (ARM) is a diagnostic test that utilizes pressure sensors to dynamically measure intraluminal anal and rectal pressures, thus providing an objective evaluation of anorectal functional parameters (tone, contractility, and relaxation), coordination and reflex activity, and sensation. ARM is a useful test for numerous indications including for the assessment and management of functional anorectal disorders such as fecal incontinence, functional defecatory disorders, and functional anorectal pain, preoperative assessment of anorectal function, and in facilitating/assessing response to biofeedback training. In addition, while many functional anorectal disorders present with overlapping symptoms (ie constipation, anorectal pain), ARM allows delineation of more specific disease processes and may guide treatment more effectively. In recent years the development of advanced manometric methodologies such as high-resolution anorectal manometry has also led to improved spatial resolution of data acquisition, further increasing the potential for the expansion of ARM. However, despite its ability to provide detailed information on anorectal and pelvic floor muscle function and synergy as well as the endorsements of several national and international organizations, ARM is still infrequently utilized in clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to address the current clinical applications and limitations of ARM for various disorders of the lower gastrointestinal tract. In so doing, we will provide clinicians with a framework for the use of ARM in clinical practice. This review will also discuss potential barriers to widespread adoption of ARM in clinical practice and propose possible solutions to these challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extramedullary Involvement of Myelofibrosis in the Colon: A Case Report","authors":"Krystal Mills ,&nbsp;Naseema Gangat ,&nbsp;Victor Chedid","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colitis refers to a range of inflammatory conditions of the colon and each condition requires a distinct diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Common differentials include inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic colitis, and infections. Endoscopic evaluation is often a critical adjunct in determining the underlying cause of colitis and concomitant biopsies further improve diagnostic accuracy. Work up of this clinical case revealed the diagnosis of extramedullary hematopoiesis presenting as colonic ulcers in a patient with myelofibrosis, which has not yet been described in the existing literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}