Gastro hep advances最新文献

{"title":"High Fibrosis-4 is Associated With Increased Risk of Cirrhosis Decompensation and Liver-Related Mortality in at-Risk Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease","authors":"Elizabeth E. Powell , Gunter Hartel , Katharine M. Irvine , James O’Beirne , Vikas Bhasker , Patricia C. Valery","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usability of a Mobile Point-of-Care App for the Index of Severity for Eosinophilic Esophagitis","authors":"Evan S. Dellon ,&nbsp;Glenn T. Furuta ,&nbsp;Nick Tomeo ,&nbsp;Anya Karavanov ,&nbsp;Zoe Smernoff ,&nbsp;Joy Harrington ,&nbsp;Seema S. Aceves","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>A new application (app) allows the Index of Severity for EoE (I-SEE) to be used at the point of care. We aimed to perform usability testing of the I-SEE mobile app and identify areas for improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 60 practitioners (20 adult and 20 pediatric gastroenterologists; 20 allergists) to use I-SEE on ≥5 EoE patients seen in clinic and undergo interviews by trained qualitative researchers. The interview guide focused on overall user experience, user satisfaction, and desired improvements. It also explored potential perceived barriers to using the app and I-SEE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Though I-SEE was new to most providers, they found it took only a few minutes to calculate the score. All interviewees either “agreed” (5%) or “strongly agreed” (95%) with the statement, “The app was easy to navigate,” and almost all (95%) either “agreed” (42%) or “strongly agreed” (53%) with “The app’s features and functionalities were intuitive and easy to understand”. The large majority (85%) reported satisfaction with the app. Responses were similar for allergists, and adult and pediatric gastroenterologists. Areas of suggested improvement included updating design features, incorporation into electronic medical records, addressing if scoring for children and adults should be different, and clarifying clinical implications of I-SEE for management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The I-SEE app was user friendly and able to be completed rapidly in clinical practice. Interviewee feedback led to app updates to improve visualization and use. In the future, scoring for children should be confirmed and I-SEE should be validated by linking severity to treatment and monitoring recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immune inductive role of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy prior to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Hiroyuki Suzuki, Miwa Sakai, H. Iwamoto, S. Shimose, T. Niizeki, M. Nakano, T. Shirono, Y. Noda, Etsuko Moriyama, R. Kuromatsu, H. Koga, Takumi Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2024.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"135 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139816822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a Population Database to Assess Lifestyle Factors in Serrated Polyposis Syndrome and Sporadic Sessile Serrated Lesions.","authors":"Karen Curtin, Michael J. Madsen, Zhe Yu, Priyanka Kanth","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2024.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image of the Month Penile metastasis from esophageal squamous cell cancer.","authors":"Naoki Hayata, Norio Araki, Shin’ichi Miyamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"129 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139827522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic Features of Unmasked Inflammatory Bowel Disease Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Colon Biopsies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><p>Typical immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis (T-ICI) has significant histomorphologic overlap with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a distinction further complicated in ICI-treated patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease (P-IBD) and those with potentially “unmasked” inflammatory bowel disease (U-IBD) after ICI therapy. This study describes histopathologic findings seen in U-IBD colonic biopsies and assesses for distinguishing features from T-ICI and P-IBD biopsies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Initial colon biopsies after symptom onset from 34 patients on ICI therapy were reviewed, and histopathologic features were tabulated. U-IBD patients were identified clinically based on rapid toxicity development post-ICI treatment with multiple recurrences after immune suppression, frequently with regional colitis (versus pancolitis).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study cohort was classified into T-ICI (n = 20), P-IBD (n = 9), and U-IBD (n = 5) groups. The predominant histological patterns were diffuse active colitis (35%) in the T-ICI, and chronic active colitis in both the P-IBD (67%) and U-IBD (60%) groups (overall <em>P</em> = .003, <em>P</em> &gt; .05 between the two IBD groups). None of the T-ICI biopsies demonstrated chronicity features (ie, architectural distortion score 2, basal lymphoplasmacytosis, or Paneth cell metaplasia). Only U-IBD biopsies demonstrated basal lymphoplasmacytosis (60% vs 0% in T-ICI/P-IBD, <em>P</em> = .002). Among available follow-up biopsies, chronicity features were present in all (4/4) U-IBD patients, including those without chronicity seen in the initial biopsy, but none (0/7) of T-ICI patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These early results show that no definite features of chronicity were seen in colon biopsies from T-ICI patients, suggesting that the presence of those features may be a clue to U-IBD in patients without a known IBD diagnosis. Frequent basal lymphoplasmacytosis seen in U-IBD may support a recent onset of mucosal injury and early architectural remodeling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 986-994"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324000797/pdfft?md5=ddf2747df63531821784e978adf831b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2772572324000797-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucagon-Like-Peptide-2 Stimulates Lacteal Contractility and Enhances Chylomicron Transport in the Presence of an Intact Enteric Nervous System","authors":"Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul ,&nbsp;Lili Tian ,&nbsp;Timothy Samuel ,&nbsp;Alex Wong ,&nbsp;Young-Kwon Hong ,&nbsp;Ralph S. Dacosta ,&nbsp;Gary F. Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><p>Secretion and transport of intestinal chylomicrons (CMs) via lymphatics to the blood circulation is stimulated primarily by fat ingestion, whereas several other factors have also been shown to play important roles in regulating CM secretion rate. Among these factors, active regulation of lymphatic pumping has not been appreciated to date. The gut peptide and intestinal growth factor glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) has emerged as a robust enhancer of intestinal lipid mobilization and secretion. The present study aims to elucidate GLP-2’s impact on lacteal contractility and assess enteric nervous system (ENS) involvement in GLP-2–induced effects on lipid mobilization.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using intravital imaging of a prospero-related homeobox 1-enhanced green fluorescent protein rat model, we assessed GLP-2’s effect on lacteal contractility, in the presence and absence of the ENS inhibitor mecamylamine (MEC). Concurrently, to explore the physiological relevance, we examined GLP-2’s impact on lymph flow and triglyceride (TG) output in vivo in a rat lymph fistula model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>GLP-2 significantly increased lacteal contractility, and this effect was inhibited by MEC. In the rat lymph fistula model, GLP-2 increased lymph flow, lymph volume, cumulative lymph volume, and TG output while reducing lymph TG concentration. MEC administration blocked these effects of GLP-2. Peak enhancement of lacteal contractility and enhancement of lymph flow <em>in vivo</em> occurred simultaneously with maximal effect at 15–20 minutes post GLP-2 administration, suggesting that GLP-2 enhances lipid transport by stimulating lymphatic contractility.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>For the first time, through imaging and concurrent rat lymphatic fistula studies, we demonstrated active regulation of lymphatic contractility as a key determinant of CM secretion and that intact ENS was required to observe this effect.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 954-964"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324000906/pdfft?md5=a30af7d85c2a71cb55c7f4233a9881a7&pid=1-s2.0-S2772572324000906-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes Simplex Esophagitis: Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Host","authors":"Samier Deen ,&nbsp;Gavin Levinthal ,&nbsp;Kara Asbury","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"3 7","pages":"Pages 942-943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324000852/pdfft?md5=69b22a98d76bf9dd87f4b47593fa4687&pid=1-s2.0-S2772572324000852-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Microbiome in Quiescent Crohn’s Disease With Persistent Symptoms Show Disruptions in Microbial Sulfur and Tryptophan Pathways","authors":"Jonathan Golob ,&nbsp;Krishna Rao ,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Berinstein ,&nbsp;William D. Chey ,&nbsp;Chung Owyang ,&nbsp;Nobuhiko Kamada ,&nbsp;Peter D.R. Higgins ,&nbsp;Vincent Young ,&nbsp;Shrinivas Bishu ,&nbsp;Allen A. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><p>Even in the absence of inflammation, persistent symptoms in Crohn’s disease (CD) are prevalent and worsen quality of life. Amongst patients without inflammation (quiescent CD), we hypothesized that microbial community structure and function, including tryptophan metabolism, would differ between patients with persistent symptoms (<strong>qCD + S</strong>) and without persistent symptoms (<strong>qCD-S</strong>).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a multicenter observational study nested within the Study of a Prospective Adult Research Cohort with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Quiescent inflammation was defined by fecal calprotectin level &lt;150 mcg/g. Persistent symptoms were defined by Crohn’s Disease Patient-Reported Outcome-2. Active CD, diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, and healthy controls were included as controls. Stool samples underwent whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty-nine patients with qCD + S, 274 qCD-S, 21 active CD, 40 diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, and 50 healthy controls were included for analysis. Patients with qCD + S had a less-diverse microbiome. Furthermore, patients with qCD + S showed significant enrichment of bacterial species that are normal inhabitants of the oral microbiome (eg <em>Rothia dentocariosa, Fusobacterium nucleatum</em>) and sulfidogenic microbes (eg <em>Prevotella copri</em>, <em>Bilophila</em> spp.). Depletion of important butyrate and indole producers (eg <em>Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em>) was also noted in qCD + S. Potential metagenome-related functional changes in cysteine and methionine metabolism, ATP transport, and redox reactions were disturbed in qCD + S, also suggestive of altered sulfur metabolism. Finally, qCD + S showed significant reductions in bacterial <em>tnaA</em> genes, which mediate tryptophan metabolism to indole, and significant <em>tnaA</em> allelic variation compared with qCD-S.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The microbiome in qCD + S showed significant differences in sulfidogenesis, butyrate producers, and typically oral microbes compared to qCD-S and active CD. These results suggest that inflammation may lead to durable microbiome alterations which may mediate persistent symptoms through testable mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 167-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572323001802/pdfft?md5=e39adb4247c1e0a6823876c3a77d3671&pid=1-s2.0-S2772572323001802-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139299277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in the Ambulatory Setting Commonly Screen Positive for Malnutrition","authors":"Aaron C. Viser ,&nbsp;Adelaide R. Cooke ,&nbsp;Hans H. Herfarth ,&nbsp;Chelsea Anderson ,&nbsp;Christina Proch ,&nbsp;Anne F. Peery","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2023.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2023.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 181-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572323001826/pdfft?md5=83f2e8809850b27f0e52bbd15146fdf8&pid=1-s2.0-S2772572323001826-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}