Gastro hep advances最新文献

{"title":"Guts for Self-Eating: Role of Autophagy in Gastrointestinal Health and Disease","authors":"Prashant Nighot,&nbsp;Jonathan Stine,&nbsp;Kofi Clarke","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular degradation pathway promotes cell survival via lysosomal degradation of aberrant cellular proteins and recycling of the nutrients. A variety of human diseases are now linked to defective autophagy and there is ever-growing interest in the application of autophagy in healthy living as well as disease prevention and therapies. Autophagy plays very important and complex functions in the gastrointestinal tract which are an intense focus of the current research efforts. Autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis mainly through proteostasis, lipid regulation, mitigation of damaged mitochondria, removal of intracellular infectious agents and foreign material, and reduction in reactive oxygen species and inflammasome. Recent studies show that although autophagy is mostly beneficial, it can induce damaging effects depending upon the cellular contexts such as homeostatic or inflammatory conditions. We summarize that this double-edge effect of autophagy is associated with cell-specific and cell-autonomous functions of autophagy, noncanonical autophagic effects, and autophagy-independent functions of autophagy-related proteins. We review opposing effects of autophagy pathway and its differential cellular functions specifically relevant to gastrointestinal homeostasis. We highlight the impacts of autophagy-related genetic defects in inflammatory bowel disease and the evolving role of autophagy in gastrointestinal and liver diseases including fibrosis and neoplastic processes. We also provide a contemporary perspective on the clinical studies related to autophagy and highlight the context-specific outcomes of autophagy and their relevance. The growing knowledge of the diverse autophagy regulatory mechanisms will provide further insights into how this life-friendly, self-cleansing cellular process can be harnessed for therapeutic advantages in gastrointestinal and liver diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Signaling Causes Age-Dependent Decline in Gut Motility Independent of Muscularis Macrophages","authors":"Estelle Spear Bishop ,&nbsp;Logan Morley ,&nbsp;Mathangi Janakiraman ,&nbsp;Anya Vikram ,&nbsp;Hong Namkoong ,&nbsp;Laren Becker","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 7","pages":"Article 100673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Colonic Inflammation are Driven by Epithelial-Specific Expression of Estrogen Receptor Alpha","authors":"Guillermo A. Pereda ,&nbsp;Adrian D. Kocinski ,&nbsp;Alyssia V. Broncano ,&nbsp;Sarah K. McNeer ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Raymond ,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Ziats ,&nbsp;Keith A. Breau ,&nbsp;Joseph Burclaff ,&nbsp;Scott T. Magness ,&nbsp;Wendy A. Goodman","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Inflammatory bowel disease patients exhibit altered expression of nuclear estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ) and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). We previously showed that deletion of ERα protects against intestinal damage selectively in female mice; however, the mechanisms conferring sex-specific protection are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to compare ERα- and ERβ-specific mechanisms contributing to intestinal epithelial function in males and females.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Expression of ERα, ERβ, and GPER1 was evaluated in colonocytes from wild-type male and female mice. Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific ERα and ERβ knockout mice were developed and challenged with dextran sulfate sodium. Colonic organoids were used to identify estrogen-dependent and estrogen-independent effects on cellular growth, differentiation, and transcriptional regulation in wild-type, ERα-KO, and ERβ-KO IECs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Colonic IECs showed significant expression of ERα, ERβ, and GPER1 as well as Cyp19A1, which catalyzes production of 17β-estradiol (estrogen). Female mice lacking ERα specifically in colonic IECs showed protection from dextran sulfate sodium–induced injury, whereas males showed increased pathology. Organoids derived from male ERα-KO mice showed enhanced proliferation and decreased expression of key functional genes even without exogenous estrogen; however, colonoids derived from female ERα-KO mice showed a protective gene signature. These findings reveal that deletion of ERα contributes to differential effects in male and female IECs, contributing to females’ resistance to intestinal injury and inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ERα signaling within IECs drives opposing sex-dependent effects on the development, regenerative capacity, and inflammatory susceptibility of the intestinal epithelium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 5","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover: Adenosine Receptor 3 in Liver Cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2772-5723(25)00037-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2772-5723(25)00037-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine-131 Combined With Plasma Exchange Treatment in Graves’ Hyperthyroidism Patients With Severe Liver Injury Whose Average Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Scores >20","authors":"Xin-Fang Zhu ,&nbsp;Rong-Rong Ding ,&nbsp;Bing-Yao Wang ,&nbsp;Yun-hui Yang ,&nbsp;Fu-Xia Ta ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Qing-Mei Gao ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Rong Xia ,&nbsp;Xing-Guang Luo ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jian-Ming Zheng ,&nbsp;Hui-Qing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The purpose of this retrospective study is to describe the Graves’ hyperthyroidism patients with severe liver injury treated by iodine-131 combined with plasma exchange (PE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The patients who had hyperthyroidism caused by Graves’ disease, with severe liver injury (The level of total bilirubin ≥12 mg/dL), and after 1 week of liver protective medication treatment, the patient’s liver function did not improve, were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with iodine-131 and PE. The patients’ laboratory data after 3 months of isotope therapy were collected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this study, there were 8 patients included, the average model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores were greater than 20 (ranges from 19 to 30) at baseline. The levels of hemoglobin, platelet count, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transpeptidase, MELD scores, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, antithyroid peroxidase autoantibody and serum thyrotropin receptor antibodies after PE treatment were significantly lower than before PE treatment (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). The level of total bilirubin at 3 months post-131I treatment was significantly lower than pre-131I treatment (<em>P</em> = .0200), the same was the level of direct bilirubin (<em>P</em> = .0200).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study enrolled Graves’ hyperthyroidism patients with severe liver injury whose average MELD scores were greater than 20, and shows that liver function test can recover on about 3 months treated iodine-131 combined with PE therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143237534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caspase-4 Has Potential Utility as a Colorectal Tissue Biomarker for Dysplasia and Early-Stage Cancer","authors":"Laura E. Kane ,&nbsp;Brian Flood ,&nbsp;Joan Manils ,&nbsp;Donna E. McSkeane ,&nbsp;Aoife P. Smith ,&nbsp;Miriam Tosetto ,&nbsp;Fatema Alalawi ,&nbsp;Joanna Fay ,&nbsp;Elaine Kay ,&nbsp;Cara Dunne ,&nbsp;Stephen McQuaid ,&nbsp;Maurice B. Loughrey ,&nbsp;Jacintha O’Sullivan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth J. Ryan ,&nbsp;Kieran Sheahan ,&nbsp;Glen A. Doherty ,&nbsp;Emma M. Creagh","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer globally. The rapidly rising incidence rate of CRC, coupled with increased diagnoses in individuals &lt;50 years, indicates that early detection of CRC, and those at an increased risk of CRC development, is paramount to improve the survival rates of these patients. Here, we profile caspase-4 expression across 2 distinct CRC development pathways, sporadic CRC (sCRC) and inflammatory bowel disease-associated CRC (IBD-CRC), to examine its utility as a novel biomarker for CRC risk and diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Tissue samples from patients with CRC, colonic polyps, IBD-CRC, and sCRC were assessed by immunohistochemistry for caspase-4 expression in epithelial and stromal compartments. RNAseq expression data for caspase-4 in CRC and normal tissue samples were mined from online databases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Epithelial caspase-4 expression is selectively elevated in CRC tumor tissue compared to adjacent normal tissue, where it is not expressed. In the sCRC pathway, caspase-4 is expressed in the epithelial and stromal tissue of all histological subtypes of colonic polyps, with a significant increase in epithelial expression from low-grade dysplasia to high-grade dysplasia progression. For the IBD-CRC pathway, caspase-4 epithelial expression was specifically upregulated in dysplastic and neoplastic tissue of IBD-CRC but was not expressed in normal or inflamed tissue.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that epithelial caspase-4 is selectively expressed in colon tissue during the development of dysplasia. As such, epithelial caspase-4 represents a promising novel tissue biomarker for CRC risk and diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steatotic Liver Disease Education Enhances Knowledge and Confidence to Adhere to Provider Recommendations in Diverse and Vulnerable Populations","authors":"Shyam Patel ,&nbsp;Diana Partida ,&nbsp;Catherine Magee ,&nbsp;Flor E. Garza Romero ,&nbsp;Jennifer Y. Chen ,&nbsp;Michelle Tana ,&nbsp;Mandana Khalili","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Patient knowledge of steatotic liver disease (SLD) is suboptimal. We assessed the impact of SLD education on patient knowledge and confidence to follow provider recommendations among a diverse vulnerable population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective study from February 19, 2020, to January 31, 2024, 296 adults with SLD were surveyed before and after receipt of formal SLD education. Linear regression (adjusted for age, sex, race) assessed factors associated with baseline SLD knowledge score and its change after education (delta in prescores and postscores), along with confidence to follow provider recommendations following receipt of education.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participant characteristics were as follows: median age 53 years, 40.9% male, 55.1% Hispanic (27.0% Asian and 10.5% White), and 23.8% reported heavy alcohol use. SLD knowledge and confidence to follow provider recommendations increased posteducation (all <em>P</em> &lt; .05). On multivariable analyses, greater than high school education (vs high school or less) (coef. 0.62), perceived severity of disease (coef. 0.62), treatment efficacy (coef. 1.38), self-efficacy to discuss SLD (coef. 0.71), and perceived susceptibility to disease risk (coef. 0.93) were associated with greater baseline knowledge (all <em>P</em> &lt; .05). Following education, heavy alcohol use (vs none) was associated with greater change in knowledge (coef. 0.74), while perceived severity (coef. −0.52) and treatment efficacy (coef. −0.72) were associated with lesser change in knowledge (all <em>P</em> &lt; .05). While perceived barriers (coef. −0.14) were associated with less confidence, self-efficacy to discuss SLD, older age, Hispanic, and other race was associated with greater confidence to follow provider recommendations (coef. 0.38, 0.18, 0.64, and 1.26, respectively, all <em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Formal SLD education enhanced knowledge and confidence to follow provider recommendations in Hispanics and heavy alcohol users. SLD education is integral to SLD management in safety net populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Colorectal Cancer Among Alaska Native Peoples: A Community and Subject Matter Expert Symposium","authors":"Diana Redwood ,&nbsp;Samantha McNelly ,&nbsp;Kate Flynn ,&nbsp;Claire Siekaniec ,&nbsp;Charissa Habeger ,&nbsp;Kyle Wark ,&nbsp;Todd Takeno ,&nbsp;Timothy Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Alaska Tribal health organizations are working to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and control as well as awareness of its impact among Alaska Native peoples, who have the highest rates of CRC in the world.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium convened the first Alaska Native CRC Research Symposium (symposium) held June 12–13, 2023 in Anchorage, Alaska. The symposium had 3 objectives: (1) Describe the epidemiology of Alaska Native CRC, clinical practices, and risk factors; (2) Share CRC prevention research happening in Alaska; and (3) Explore future ideas to reduce Alaska Native CRC. We report on the symposium design, findings, knowledge gaps, and future directions for others seeking to combat CRC in their state or Tribal community.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The symposium brought together Alaska Tribal healthcare leaders, community members, clinicians, scientists, and public health professionals. A third of attendees (32%) were Alaska Native or American Indian people and/or from rural/remote Alaska (27%). The symposium consisted of 6 different scientific sessions organized around the following themes: CRC Trends in Alaska and the United States, Risk and Protective Factors, Alaska Tribal Prevention Activities, Alaska Native Research and Initiatives, Knowledge Gaps, and New Research and Other Initiatives.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Reducing the burden of CRC among Alaska Native peoples will require persistent efforts to conduct quality research in partnership with Alaska Native communities; dedication of resources to fund research, prevention, and screening activities; and a steadfast, multisectoral commitment to addressing the persistent inequity of CRC experienced by Alaska Native peoples, families, and communities. This symposium was an important step in engaging in the collective journey to prevent CRC and promote health and wellness among Alaska Native peoples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LincPRKD: A Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA Activated in Gastric Cancer","authors":"Durgadevi Ravillah ,&nbsp;Komal Keerthy ,&nbsp;Salendra Singh ,&nbsp;Adam Kresak ,&nbsp;Kishore Guda ,&nbsp;Andrew E. Blum","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 5","pages":"Article 100618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Aberrant Subclavian Artery on High-Resolution Esophageal Manometry","authors":"Lauren Loeb,&nbsp;Manar Al Jawish,&nbsp;Andree H. Koop","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}