Gastro hep advances最新文献

{"title":"Steatotic Liver Disease in the US: The Impact of the New Nomenclature on Classification of Subjects With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease","authors":"Mai Sedki , W. Ray Kim , Allison Kwong , Vivek Charu , Pimsiri Sripongpun , Ajitha Mannalithara","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 5","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortoesophageal Fistula in a Patient With Recent Endoscopic Balloon Dilation and History of Esophageal Myotomies for Achalasia","authors":"Daphne Moutsoglou , Marcela Kuijpers , Hernando Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined MALT Lymphoma and Early Gastric Cancer in a Reconstructed Gastric Tube Successfully Treated With Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection","authors":"Kimitoshi Kubo , Issei Ashida , Noriko Kimura","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Perspective of Use of Artificial Intelligence During Colonoscopy","authors":"Samuel J. Burton , Dennis Shung , Sunny Chung , Harry Aslanian","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer","authors":"Austin R. Dosch ,&nbsp;Mary P. Martos ,&nbsp;Samara Singh ,&nbsp;Karishma Kodia ,&nbsp;Nipun B. Merchant ,&nbsp;Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of hepatic metastases is the leading cause of mortality in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers and substantial research efforts have been focused on elucidating the intricate mechanisms by which tumor cells successfully migrate to, invade, and ultimately colonize the liver parenchyma. Recent evidence has shown that perturbations in myeloid biology occur early in cancer development, characterized by the initial expansion of specific innate immune populations that promote tumor growth and facilitate metastases. This review summarizes the pathophysiology underlying the proliferation of myeloid cells that occurs with incipient neoplasia and explores the role of innate immune-host interactions, specifically granulocytes and neutrophil extracellular traps, in promoting hepatic colonization by tumor cells through the formation of the “premetastatic niche”. We further summarize the role of additional myeloid subpopulations such as monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells, platelets, and eosinophils on promoting disease metastases in GI cancers. Lastly, we describe burgeoning therapeutic approaches aimed at targeting specific myeloid populations to reduce liver metastases and highlight the inherent challenges that exist in studying the efficacy of these treatments in preclinical models. As the inception and outgrowth of liver metastases are primary drivers of prognosis in GI malignancies; further research into the complex mechanisms involved in this critical process is urgently needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activated CD27+PD-1+ CD8 T Cells and CD4 T Regulatory Cells Dominate the Tumor Microenvironment in Refractory Celiac Disease Type II","authors":"Tessa Dieckman ,&nbsp;Mette Schreurs ,&nbsp;Ciska Lindelauf ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mahfouz ,&nbsp;Caroline R. Meijer ,&nbsp;Louise Pigeaud ,&nbsp;Vincent van Unen ,&nbsp;Gerd Bouma ,&nbsp;Frits Koning","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Refractory celiac disease type II (RCDII) is characterized by a clonally expanded aberrant cell population in the small intestine. The role of other tissue-resident immune subsets in RCDII is unknown. Here, we characterized CD8 and CD4 T cells in RCDII duodenum at the single-cell level and <em>in situ</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We applied mass cytometry on CD45⁺ duodenal cells derived from intestinal biopsies (n = 23) and blood samples (n = 20) from RCDII patients and controls. Additionally, we analyzed intestinal biopsies from celiac disease (n = 11) and RCDI (n = 2) patients. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on CD45⁺ duodenal cells derived from a RCDII patient, immunofluorescence staining for <em>in situ</em> analysis and flow cytometry for phenotyping of RCDII aberrant and CD8 T cells.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to healthy controls, we observed that CD27⁺PD-1⁺ memory CD8αβ cells and CD4 T regulatories (Tregs) were more abundant in RCDII duodenum (CD8 ∗∗0.0029; CD4 ∗∗∗0.0001). The CD27⁺PD-1⁺ memory CD8αβ cells expressed the tissue-resident marker CD69, immunoregulatory markers (<em>TIGIT, HAVCR2, TNFRSF9)</em>, NKG2A, were enriched for activated pathways and displayed cytotoxic gene signatures (<em>NKG7, PRF1, GZMA)</em>. The absence of CD103 accords with their localization in the lamina propria as determined by <em>in situ</em> analysis. The CD25⁺FoxP3⁺CD27⁺CD127^dim/- CD4 Tregs expressed <em>IL1R2</em> and <em>IL32</em> and costimulatory molecules (<em>TNFSRS4</em>, <em>ICOS</em> and <em>TNFRSF18</em>) and resided in the lamina propria as well. Flow cytometry confirmed the presence of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A on expanded duodenal CD8 T cells and HLA-E, the ligand for NKG2A, on expanded aberrant cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>RCDII is characterized by the simultaneous presence of an activated CD27⁺PD-1⁺ memory CD8αβ T cell subset and CD4 Tregs, suggesting that checkpoint blockade with anti-NKG2A/PD-1 and/or anticytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 may be an attractive treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11719358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Pancreatic Collagen-Expressing Fibroblasts in Mouse Acute Pancreatitis","authors":"Amy Qin ,&nbsp;Kevin Shi ,&nbsp;Rachel R. Tindall ,&nbsp;Jiajing Li ,&nbsp;Binglu Cheng ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Baibing Yang ,&nbsp;Qiang Yu ,&nbsp;Yinjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Bangxing Hong ,&nbsp;Balveen Kaur ,&nbsp;Mamoun Younes ,&nbsp;Qiang Shen ,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Bailey-Lundberg ,&nbsp;Yanna Cao ,&nbsp;Tien C. Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are critical mediators in chronic pancreatitis with an undefined role in acute pancreatitis (AP). PSCs consist of a heterogenous group of cells and are considered interchangeable with pancreatic fibroblasts. This study explored the heterogeneous nature of PSCs by characterizing pancreatic collagen-expressing fibroblasts (PCFs) via lineage tracing in mouse normal and AP pancreas and determining the effect of PCF depletion in AP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Tandem dimer Tomato (tdTom⁺) PCFs in collagen type 1 (Col1)a2CreER^{tdTomato (Tom)} mice receiving tamoxifen were characterized via fluorescence, Oil Red staining, and flow cytometry. AP was induced by cerulein, AP injury was assessed, and tdTom⁺ PCFs were monitored. The effect of PCF depletion on AP injury was evaluated in Col1a2CreER^{diphtheria toxin A} mice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 13% of pancreatic cells in Col1a2CreER^Tom mice were labeled by tdTom (tdTom⁺ PCFs), which surrounded acini, ducts, and blood vessels, and stained with Oil Red, collagen type I, vimentin, and desmin. tdTom⁺ PCFs increased 2-fold during AP, correlating with AP score, amylase, and alpha-smooth muscle actin⁺ and Ki67⁺ staining. PCF depletion in Col1a2CreER^{diphtheria toxin A} mice receiving tamoxifen resulted in enhanced inflammation compared to control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PCFs may constitute a subset of PSCs and can be activated during AP. PCF depletion aggravates AP, suggesting a protective role for PCFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Transform Prediction and Treatment of Post-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy?","authors":"Eric Kalo,&nbsp;Scott Read,&nbsp;Jacob George,&nbsp;Avik Majumdar,&nbsp;Golo Ahlenstiel","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Feasibility Study to Determine History of Advanced Colorectal Polyps Among First-Degree Relatives of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Patients Participating in the Ohio Colorectal Cancer Prevention Initiative","authors":"Christine L. Molmenti ,&nbsp;Vincenza A. Caruso ,&nbsp;Andrea Zimmern ,&nbsp;Heather Aker ,&nbsp;Rachel Pearlman ,&nbsp;Heather Hampel","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.100608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Artificial Intelligence Create an Accurate Colonoscopy Bowel Preparation Prompt?","authors":"Marni H. Wilkoff ,&nbsp;Nicholas R. Piniella ,&nbsp;Rashmi Advani","doi":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastha.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States, with colonoscopy being the preferred screening method. Up to 25% of colonoscopies are associated with poor preparation which leads to prolonged procedure time, repeat colonoscopies, and decreased adenoma detection. Artificial intelligence (AI) is being increasingly used in medicine, assessing medical school exam questions, and writing medical reports. Its use in gastroenterology has been used to educate patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, answer patient questions about colonoscopy and provide correct colonoscopy screening intervals, having the ability to augment the patient–provider relationship. This study aims at assessing the accuracy of a ChatGPT-generated precolonoscopy bowel preparation prompt.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nonrandomized cross-sectional study assessing the perceptions of an AI-generated colonoscopy preparation prompt was conducted in a large multisite quaternary health-care institution in the northeast United States. All practicing gastroenterologists in the health system were surveyed, with 208 having a valid email address and were included in the study. A Research Electronic Data Capture survey was then distributed to all participants and analyzed using descriptive statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 91% of gastroenterologist physicians determined the prompt easy to understand, 95% thought the prompt was scientifically accurate and 66% were comfortable giving the prompt to their patients. Sixty four percent of reviewers correctly identified the ChatGPT-generated prompt, but only 32% were confident in their answer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ability of ChatGPT to create a sufficient bowel preparation prompt highlights how physicians can incorporate AI into clinical practice to improve ease and efficiency of communication with patients when it comes to bowel preparation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73130,"journal":{"name":"Gastro hep advances","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}