Frontiers in neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Neuroimaging evaluation of the long term impact of a novel paired meditation practice on brain function","authors":"Andrew B. Newberg, N. Wintering, Chloe Hriso, Faezeh Vedaei, Sara Gottfried, Reneita Ross","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1368537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1368537","url":null,"abstract":"A growing number of advanced neuroimaging studies have compared brain structure and function in long term meditators to non-meditators. The goal is to determine if there may be long term effects on the brain from practicing meditation. In this paper, we present new data on the long term effects of a novel meditation practice in which the focus is on clitoral stimulation. The findings from such a study have implications for potential therapeutic uses with regard to various neurological or psychiatric conditions.We evaluated the cerebral glucose metabolism in 40 subjects with an extended history (>1 year of practice, 2–3 times per week) performing the meditation practice called Orgasmic Meditation (OM) and compared their brains to a group of non-meditating healthy controls (N = 19). Both meditation and non-meditation subjects underwent brain PET after injection with 148 to 296 MBq of FDG using a standard imaging protocol. Resting FDG PET scans of the OM group were compared to the resting scans of healthy, non-meditating, controls using statistical parametric mapping.The OM group showed significant differences in metabolic activity at rest compared to the controls. Specifically, there was significantly lower metabolism in select areas of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, as well as the anterior cingulate, insula, and thalamus, in the OM group compared to the controls. In addition, there were notable distinctions between the males and females with the females demonstrating significantly lower metabolism in the thalamus and insula.Overall, these findings suggest that the long term meditation practitioners of OM have different patterns of resting brain metabolism. Since these areas of the brain in which OM practitioners differ from controls are involved in cognition, attention, and emotional regulation, such findings have implications for understanding how this meditation practice might affect practitioners over long periods of time.","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":" October","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141364647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D inversion recovery ultrashort echo time MRI can detect demyelination in cuprizone-treated mice.","authors":"Adam C Searleman, Yajun Ma, Srihari Sampath, Srinath Sampath, Robert Bussell, Eric Y Chang, Lisa Deaton, Andrew M Schumacher, Jiang Du","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1356713","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1356713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To test the ability of inversion-recovery ultrashort echo time (IR-UTE) MRI to directly detect demyelination in mice using a standard cuprizone mouse model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Non-aqueous myelin protons have ultrashort T₂s and are \"invisible\" with conventional MRI sequences but can be detected with UTE sequences. The IR-UTE sequence uses an adiabatic inversion-recovery preparation to suppress the long T₂ water signal so that the remaining signal is from the ultrashort T₂ myelin component. In this study, eight 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed cuprizone (<i>n</i> = 4) or control chow (<i>n</i> = 4) for 5 weeks and then imaged by 3D IR-UTE MRI. The differences in IR-UTE signal were compared in the major white matter tracts in the brain and correlated with the Luxol Fast Blue histochemical marker of myelin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IR-UTE signal decreased in cuprizone-treated mice in white matter known to be sensitive to demyelination in this model, such as the corpus callosum, but not in white matter known to be resistant to demyelination, such as the internal capsule. These findings correlated with histochemical staining of myelin content.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>3D IR-UTE MRI was sensitive to cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse brain, and is a promising noninvasive method for measuring brain myelin content.</p>","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"3 ","pages":"1356713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11111995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: A structural connectivity atlas of limbic brainstem nuclei.","authors":"Simon Levinson, Michelle Miller, Ahmed Iftekhar, Monica Justo, Daniel Arriola, Wenxin Wei, Saman Hazany, Josue M Avecillas-Chasin, Taylor P Kuhn, Andreas Horn, Ausaf A Bari","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1405806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1405806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2022.1009399.].</p>","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"3 ","pages":"1405806"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11095942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and evaluation of a neurofeedback system using finger tapping and near-infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Shingo Takahashi, Daishi Takahashi, Yuki Kuroiwa, Noriko Sakurai, Naoki Kodama","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1361513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1361513","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofeedback using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used in patients with stroke and other patients, but few studies have included older people or patients with cognitive impairment.We constructed a NIRS-based neurofeedback system and used finger tapping to investigate whether neurofeedback can be implemented in older adults while finger tapping and whether brain activity improves in older adults and healthy participants. Our simple neurofeedback system was constructed using a portable wearable optical topography (WOT-HS) device. Brain activity was evaluated in 10 older and 31 healthy young individuals by measuring oxygenated hemoglobin concentration during finger tapping and neurofeedback implementation.During neurofeedback, the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin increased in the prefrontal regions in both the young and older participants.The results of this study demonstrate the usefulness of neurofeedback using simple NIRS devices for older adults and its potential to mitigate cognitive decline.","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of partial volume correction and analysis of longitudinal [18F]GTP1 tau PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease using linear mixed-effects models","authors":"S. S. Sanabria Bohórquez, Suzanne Baker, P. Manser, Matteo Tonietto, Christopher Galli, Kristin R. Wildsmith, Yixuan Zou, G. Kerchner, R. Weimer, E. Teng","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1355402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1355402","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the impact of partial volume correction (PVC) methods on the quantification of longitudinal [18F]GTP1 tau positron-emission tomography (PET) in Alzheimer's disease and the suitability of describing the tau pathology burden temporal trajectories using linear mixed-effects models (LMEM).We applied van Cittert iterative deconvolution (VC), 2-compartment, and 3-compartment, and the geometric transfer matrix plus region-based voxelwise methods to data acquired in an Alzheimer's disease natural history study over 18 months at a single imaging site. We determined the optimal PVC method by comparing the standardized uptake value ratio change (%ΔSUVR) between diagnostic and tau burden–level groups and the longitudinal repeatability derived from the LMEM. The performance of LMEM analysis for calculating %ΔSUVR was evaluated in a natural history study and in a multisite clinical trial of semorinemab in prodromal to mild Alzheimer's disease by comparing results to traditional per-visit estimates.The VC, 2-compartment, and 3-compartment PVC methods had similar performance, whereas region-based voxelwise overcorrected regions with a higher tau burden. The lowest within-subject variability and acceptable group separation scores were observed without PVC. The LMEM-derived %ΔSUVR values were similar to the per-visit estimates with lower variability.The results indicate that the tested PVC methods do not offer a clear advantage or improvement over non-PVC images for the quantification of longitudinal [18F]GTP1 PET data. LMEM offers a robust framework for the longitudinal tau PET quantification with low longitudinal test–retest variability.NCT02640092 and NCT03289143.","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"29 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Down-sampling in diffusion MRI: a bundle-specific DTI and NODDI study","authors":"Federico Spagnolo, Susanna Gobbi, E. Zsoldos, Manon Edde, Matthias Weigel, C. Granziera, Maxime Descoteaux, M. Barakovic, Stefano Magon","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1359589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1359589","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-shell diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) data has been widely used to characterise white matter microstructure in several neurodegenerative diseases. The lack of standardised dMRI protocols often implies the acquisition of redundant measurements, resulting in prolonged acquisition times. In this study, we investigate the impact of the number of gradient directions on Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and on Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) metrics.Data from 124 healthy controls collected in three different longitudinal studies were included. Using an in-house algorithm, we reduced the number of gradient directions in each data shell. We estimated DTI and NODDI measures on six white matter bundles clinically relevant for neurodegenerative diseases.Fractional Anisotropy (FA) measures on bundles where data were sampled at the 30% rate, showed a median L1 distance of up to 3.92% and a 95% CI of (1.74, 8.97)% when compared to those obtained at reference sampling. Mean Diffusivity (MD) reached up to 4.31% and a 95% CI of (1.60, 16.98)% on the same premises. At a sampling rate of 50%, we obtained a median of 3.90% and a 95% CI of (1.99, 16.65)% in FA, and 5.49% with a 95% CI of (2.14, 21.68)% in MD. The Intra-Cellular volume fraction (ICvf) median L1 distance was up to 2.83% with a 95% CI of (1.98, 4.82)% at a 30% sampling rate and 3.95% with a 95% CI of (2.39, 7.81)% at a 50% sampling rate. The volume difference of the reconstructed white matter at reference and 50% sampling reached a maximum of (2.09 ± 0.81)%.In conclusion, DTI and NODDI measures reported at reference sampling were comparable to those obtained when the number of dMRI volumes was reduced by up to 30%. Close to reference DTI and NODDI metrics were estimated with a significant reduction in acquisition time using three shells, respectively with: 4 directions at a b value of 700 s/mm2, 14 at 1000 s/mm2, and 32 at 2000 s/mm2. The study revealed aspects that can be important for large-scale clinical studies on bundle-specific diffusion MRI.","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"94 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the binding of TC-5619 and encenicline on the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor using PET imaging in the pig","authors":"J. H. Magnussen, A. Ettrup, S. Lehel, Dan Peters, A. Dyssegaard, M. S. Thomsen, Jens D. Mikkelsen, G. Knudsen","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1358221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1358221","url":null,"abstract":"The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) has has long been considered a promising therapeutic target for addressing cognitive impairments associated with a spectrum of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. However, despite this potential, clinical trials employing α7-nAChR (partial) agonists such as TC-5619 and encenicline (EVP-6124) have fallen short in demonstrating sufficient efficacy. We here investigate the target engagement of TC-5619 and encenicline in the pig brain by use of the α7-nAChR radioligand 11C-NS14492 to characterize binding both with in vitro autoradiography and in vivo occupancy using positron emission tomography (PET). In vitro autoradiography demonstrates significant concentration-dependent binding of 11C-NS14492, and both TC-5619 and encenicline can block this binding. Of particular significance, our in vivo investigations demonstrate that TC-5619 achieves substantial α7-nAChR occupancy, effectively blocking approximately 40% of α7-nAChR binding, whereas encenicline exhibits more limited α7-nAChR occupancy. This study underscores the importance of preclinical PET imaging and target engagement analysis in informing clinical trial strategies, including dosing decisions.","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spherical convolutional neural networks can improve brain microstructure estimation from diffusion MRI data.","authors":"Leevi Kerkelä, Kiran Seunarine, Filip Szczepankiewicz, Chris A Clark","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1349415","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1349415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is sensitive to the microstructural properties of brain tissue. However, estimating clinically and scientifically relevant microstructural properties from the measured signals remains a highly challenging inverse problem that machine learning may help solve. This study investigated if recently developed rotationally invariant spherical convolutional neural networks can improve microstructural parameter estimation. We trained a spherical convolutional neural network to predict the ground-truth parameter values from efficiently simulated noisy data and applied the trained network to imaging data acquired in a clinical setting to generate microstructural parameter maps. Our network performed better than the spherical mean technique and multi-layer perceptron, achieving higher prediction accuracy than the spherical mean technique with less rotational variance than the multi-layer perceptron. Although we focused on a constrained two-compartment model of neuronal tissue, the network and training pipeline are generalizable and can be used to estimate the parameters of any Gaussian compartment model. To highlight this, we also trained the network to predict the parameters of a three-compartment model that enables the estimation of apparent neural soma density using tensor-valued diffusion encoding.</p>","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"3 ","pages":"1349415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10972853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced white matter maturation in the central auditory system of children living with HIV.","authors":"Joanah Madzime, Marcin Jankiewicz, Ernesta M Meintjes, Peter Torre, Barbara Laughton, Andre J W van der Kouwe, Martha Holmes","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1341607","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1341607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>School-aged children experience crucial developmental changes in white matter (WM) in adolescence. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects neurodevelopment. Children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CPHIVs) demonstrate hearing and neurocognitive impairments when compared to their uninfected peers (CHUUs), but investigations into the central auditory system (CAS) WM integrity are lacking. The integration of the CAS and other brain areas is facilitated by WM fibers whose integrity may be affected in the presence of HIV, contributing to neurocognitive impairments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography to map the microstructural integrity of WM between CAS regions, including the lateral lemniscus and acoustic radiation, as well as between CAS regions and non-auditory regions of 11-year-old CPHIVs. We further employed a DTI-based graph theoretical framework to investigate the nodal strength and efficiency of the CAS and other brain regions in the structural brain network of the same population. Finally, we investigated associations between WM microstructural integrity outcomes and neurocognitive outcomes related to auditory and language processing. We hypothesized that compared to the CHUU group, the CPHIV group would have lower microstructural in the CAS and related regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analyses showed higher mean diffusivity (MD), a marker of axonal maturation, in the lateral lemniscus and acoustic radiations, as well as WM between the CAS and non-auditory regions predominantly in frontotemporal areas. Most affected WM connections also showed higher axial and radial diffusivity (AD and RD, respectively). There were no differences in the nodal properties of the CAS regions between groups. The MD of frontotemporal and subcortical WM-connected CAS regions, including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and internal capsule showed negative associations with sequential processing in the CPHIV group but not in the CHUU group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The current results point to reduced axonal maturation in WM, marked by higher MD, AD, and RD, within and from the CAS. Furthermore, alterations in WM integrity were associated with sequential processing, a neurocognitive marker of auditory working memory. Our results provide insights into the microstructural integrity of the CAS and related WM in the presence of HIV and link these alterations to auditory working memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"3 ","pages":"1341607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10951401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural changes in the retina as a potential biomarker in Parkinson's disease: an approach from optical coherence tomography","authors":"Santiago Poveda, Ximena Arellano, Oscar Bernal-Pacheco, Alejandro Valencia López","doi":"10.3389/fnimg.2024.1340754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnimg.2024.1340754","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD) presents challenges in early diagnosis and follow-up due to the lack of characteristic findings. Recent studies suggest retinal changes in PD are possibly indicative of neurodegeneration. We explored these changes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness.Thirty PD and non-PD patients were matched according to demographic characteristics and OCT and clinical evaluations to rule out other neurodegenerative and visual diseases.We observed a significant thinning of the RNFL in patients diagnosed with PD compared to non-PD patients (p = 0.015). Additionally, this reduction in RNFL thickness was found to correlate with the severity of the disease (p = 0.04).The OCT serves as a tool for quantifying neurodegeneration in PD, showing a significant correlation with disease severity. These findings suggest that OCT could play a crucial role as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of PD.","PeriodicalId":73094,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in neuroimaging","volume":"64 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140085362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}