Frontiers in dental medicine最新文献

{"title":"The diurnal pattern of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in human saliva-a pilot study.","authors":"Hajer Jasim, Bijar Ghafouri, Malin Ernberg","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1420081","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1420081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding of possible periodicity of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors is of great interest and provide valuable information for research into pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory disease and chronic pain. Significant efforts have been made to identify different analytes in saliva. For precision and accuracy in measurement and interpretation of results, it is crucial to know the source of variability, especially the circadian variation for the analytes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to analyze circadian variation in 71 inflammatory markers in both unstimulated and stimulated saliva, as well as plasma, from a sample of healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten young adults participated. Unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva were collected at 3-h intervals between between 7:30 am and 7:30 pm. Blood samples were drawn in connection with the first and last saliva collection. All samples were analyzed using the U-PLEX 71-Plex assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed distinct clustering of the 71 inflammatory mediators between plasma and saliva. Furthermore, differences were also observed between stimulated and unstimulated saliva. The proteins were clustered into three groups that expressed different circadian rhythms. These clusters were stable over time in stimulated saliva but showed significant variability in unstimulated saliva (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that time of the day could influence the detection and interpretation of inflammatory markers and collecting saliva samples at consistent times across participants will help control for the natural fluctuations in salivary composition. The results encourage further exploration of salivary diagnostics, particularly in understanding circadian rhythms and localized immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1420081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stannous fluoride protects gingival keratinocytes against infection and oxidative stress by <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> outer membrane vesicles.","authors":"Sancai Xie, Cheryl S Tansky, Julie Ashe, Fei Gao, Nivedita B Ramji, Vighter Iberi, Yiping Sun, Niranjan Ramji, Aaron R Biesbrock","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1492369","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1492369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogen <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P. gingivalis</i>) can infect gingival keratinocytes and stimulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and to assess whether stannous fluoride (SnF₂), stannous chloride (SnCl₂) or 0.454% SnF₂ toothpaste diluents can inhibit OMV infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>OMVs were isolated from <i>P. gingivalis</i> culture and their morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. OMVs were harvested, separated from parent bacteria, labeled with fluorescent probes, and added to proliferating gingival keratinocytes. Infection was monitored by measuring uptake of fluorescence. Free radicals and ROS were quantified by adding a separate CellROX fluorescent probe following 24 h incubation with OMVs, and automated fluorescence imaging was used to assess ROS generation rates. A dose response range of SnF₂ and SnCl₂ concentrations as well as 0.454% SnF₂ toothpaste dilutions were added to OMVs to examine their potential to neutralize OMV infectivity and protect gingival keratinocytes from development of oxidative stress. The mechanism of SnF₂ inhibition of OMV infection was studied by binding SnF₂ with purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the bacterial culture and examining the binding of stannous to LPS using mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Large numbers of OMVs were formed in <i>P. gingivalis</i> culture medium. They were purified along with isolating soluble LPS. Fluorescence imaging revealed that OMVs infected gingival keratinocytes and promoted oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. SnF₂, SnCl₂, and SnF₂ toothpaste inhibited OMV infectivity (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and likewise protected gingival keratinocytes from oxidative stress (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Stannous precipitated LPS and OMVs from solution, forming insoluble aggregates easily isolated by centrifugation. Mass spectroscopic analysis revealed that stannous was bound to LPS in a one-to-one molecular equivalent ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SnF₂ not only kills bacteria, but also inhibits bacterial virulence factors, such as LPS and OMVs. SnF₂, SnCl₂ and stannous-containing toothpastes can precipitate OMVs and LPS to in principle protect gingival keratinocyte cells from infection leading to inflammation and oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1492369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential applicability of virtual reality in implant dentistry: a narrative review.","authors":"Mansour Alasiri","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1491268","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1491268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental implants have a high success rate but face challenges such as improper positioning, implant fracture, and tissue damage, often due to the lack of surgical proficiency. Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a transformative solution in implant dentistry, offering a three-dimensional (3D), immersive environment for both educational and clinical applications. Initially used as a teaching aid, VR now facilitates comprehensive preoperative planning and precise implant placement, minimizing procedural errors. VR systems enhance student and novice surgeon training by providing a risk-free platform for skill development. Clinically, VR aids in accurate implant positioning through computer-guided surgical stents and simulation of surgical fields, improving patient outcomes by reducing complications. Furthermore, VR enhances patient education and communication, offering visual representations of treatment plans, thereby increasing patient satisfaction and understanding. Despite its benefits, VR integration faces challenges, including high costs, steep learning curves for experienced surgeons, and potential disruption of patient-clinician interactions. Developing affordable, compact VR systems and integrating VR early in dental curricula will facilitate widespread adoption and revolutionize implant dentistry by improving both surgical training and patient care. The review covers the historical development and current progress of VR with an overview of applications of VR in implant dentistry, its benefits in implant dentistry, challenges, and future perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1491268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case-control study on oral health knowledge and dental behavior among individuals with developmental delays in Jordan: caregiver perspective.","authors":"Sabha Mahmoud Alshatrat, Wael Mousa Al-Omari, Abedelmalek Kalefh Tabnjh, Isra Abdulkarim Al-Bakri, Siddharthan Selvaraj","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1426568","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1426568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>the aim of this study is to assess oral health knowledge and dental behavior among individuals with developmental delays intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in comparison with individuals without (IDD) in Jordan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted among 317 caregivers of individuals with IDD (<i>n</i> = 168) and control (<i>n</i> = 149) groups, which involved the completion of the questionnaire. A closed-ended, validated self-designed questionnaire was distributed. The questionnaire included questions addressing participants' oral health knowledge and behavior. Convenience sampling was used to select the caregivers from centers associated with IDD by collecting data from nearby locations. Using SPSS® software Version 22 with a 0.05 level of significance data were analyzed. A Chi-square test and contingency-table analysis were performed on the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Caregivers for individuals with IDD in Jordan were less knowledgeable about different oral health aspects than control group (<i>P</i> value < 0.05). Fewer individuals in the IDD caregiver group brushed their teeth once or twice daily (83.2%), compared to the control group (93.3%). Only 22.6% of the IDD participants could brush their teeth without assistance. On the other hand, the IDD group consumed significantly less sugary foods and soda than the control group (<i>P</i> value < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lack of knowledge among IDD caregivers in Jordan is critical which can result in poor oral health outcomes for this vulnerable population. Increasing the knowledge level for the IDD caregivers on the specific needs for IDD individuals is highly important to enhance their understanding of oral health and improve their quality of life. Caregivers with IDD should receive training programs given by oral health professionals about the need for regular dental check-up and effective oral hygiene care reduce the risk of having dental problems and oral disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1426568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal adaptation assessment of implant infrastructures manufactured through five different techniques (heat-press, milling, lost wax, calcinable cylinder, and CAD/Waxx®): an <i>in vitro</i> pilot study.","authors":"Régis Sartori, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Julio Cesar Joly","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1483177","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1483177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the fit performance of implant infrastructures manufactured by five different techniques: heat-press (IPS), milling (ZIR), lost wax (CER), calcinable cylinder (CAL), and CAD/Waxx® (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methodology was based on the Replica Technique, which can simulate and evaluate the fit of the infrastructure on the implant component. Thus, each infrastructure was internally filled with low-viscosity silicone addition and seated on the component until its final setting, obtaining the replica of the cementation space. After removing the coping containing the silicone film, light-density silicone was inserted addition in place of the components, and in its surroundings, condensation silicone was applied, establishing support for the assembly. The joint was sectioned mesiodistally, photographed, and analyzed in image processing software in order to measure the thickness of the interface infrastructure/implant at five different areas: marginal opening (M), gingival-axial angle (G-A), axial region (A), axial-occlusal angle (A-O) and occlusal surface (O).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lowest and the highest average thickness between groups was, respectively, IPS: 187.5 μm and CAD: 221.6 μm, with statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.01) among all five groups; the lowest and the highest average of all groups in each point was, respectively, A: 99.86 μm and O: 279.78 μm. The IPS group exhibited the lowest value of the internal space of the infrastructure on the implant. The marginal region of all groups demonstrated a correlation with the findings in the literature, except the CAL group; otherwise, the occlusal region and the angles A-O and G-A exhibited values beyond that expected.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It was possible to conclude that the five infrastructure groups presented different adaptations, suggesting possible interference in the internal spaces due to the manufacturing infrastructure processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1483177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonsurgical root canal treatment of an Oehlers type IIIa maxillary central incisor with dens invaginatus: a case report.","authors":"Ayumi Inoue, Yuzo Kawanishi, Motoki Okamoto, Mikako Hayashi","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1458215","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1458215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dens invaginatus has a complex anatomy, making endodontic treatment challenging. We report the case of a 11-year-old girl who presented with radiolucency at the apex of the maxillary central incisor; she was diagnosed with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed dens invaginatus. The invagination and root canal were observed using a dental operating microscope, and nonsurgical root canal treatment was performed. The invagination was connected to the periodontal tissue, and the tooth was classified as Oehlers type IIIa. Root canal preparations were performed using NiTi files and an ultrasonic device. A calcium hydroxide paste was used as an intracanal dressing. The root canal was filled using a single-cone hydraulic condensation technique with a highly fluid calcium silicate-based sealer. At the 2-year follow-up, no clinical symptoms were observed, and CBCT images revealed no radiographic lesions. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment using CBCT imaging, dental microscope, effective cleaning systems, and a highly fluid sealer facilitated the successful treatment of apical periodontitis attributed to dens invaginatus. The single-cone hydraulic condensation technique using a bio-ceramic sealer is considered effective even in cases with a complex morphology and open apex.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1458215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiofilm efficacy of plant extracts as root canal irrigants in endodontics: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Jihad Diouchi, Babacar Touré, Sonia Ghoul","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1479953","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1479953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To explore the antibiofilm efficacy of plant extracts against <i>in vitro</i> formed single and multispecies endodontic biofilms, in comparison to conventional root canal irrigants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched up to April 2024. Studies investigating the antibiofilm efficacy, of at least one plant extract and one conventional root canal irrigant, against endodontic biofilms were reviewed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. Data were extracted, and studies were critically assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 78 articles, eight articles met the criteria and were eventually included in this review. One study showed a high risk of bias, six showed a moderate risk of bias, and one showed a low risk. A total of twelve plant extracts were tested for their antibiofilm efficacy against eight different single-species biofilms and one multispecies biofilm. A combination of microscopy methods and culturing techniques was used for the assessment of their efficacies. Plant extracts exhibited either a biofilm disruption and/or inhibition of biofilm formation. Psidium cattleianum extract and Psidium guajava exhibited enhanced efficacy compared to Chlorhexidine and NaOCl, respectively. Allium sativum demonstrated comparable efficacy to NaOCl. Furthermore, the combination of Cymbopogon martinii essential oil and NaOCl was found to be more effective than either alone when tested on a multispecies biofilm. However, the other plant extracts, such as Mikania Sprengel, Salvadora persica, Camellia sinensis, and Vitis vinifera showed efficacy but were still inferior compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the tested plant extracts demonstrated promising potential for combating <i>in vitro</i> endodontic biofilms. In that context, integrating conventional therapy protocols with plant-inspired treatments may allow effective endodontic biofilm eradication. Hence, future research should focus on optimizing the synergistic combinations of these extracts with NaOCl to maximize the therapeutic outcomes. Heterogeneity amongst the studies prevented a meta-analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1479953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Dental treatment under general anesthesia and dental management of a child with congenital ichthyosis.","authors":"Ryoko Hino, Yuta Chiba, Yuriko Maruya, Manami Tadano, Shinji Otake, Seira Hoshikawa, Yoji Sasahara, Kan Saito","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1481658","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1481658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital ichthyosis is a disease in which the stratum corneum on the surface of the skin becomes thick from the time of the fetus and the barrier function of the skin is impaired. Congenital ichthyosis is a genetic disorder that causes ectodermal abnormalities and sometimes affects skin, nails, and tooth enamel. Therefore, some patients require special care in their daily life and during dental treatments. Here, the authors report a case of congenital ichthyosis that developed into severe dental caries at two years and nine months of age. The authors performed whole-exome sequencing in his peripheral blood and found that the patient had compound heterozygous mutations in ALOX12B gene (c.159C>G and c.1579G>A), which is responsible for autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis-2 (MIM#2421000). Mutation of c.159C>G is a nonsense mutation that has never been reported, therefore novel symptoms might have found. The patients exhibited severe caries by hypoplastic teeth. Here, the authors report the treatment of dental caries in a patient with congenital ichthyosis under general anesthesia and its oral management until mixed dentition.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1481658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of violet LED with or without a bleaching gel: a 12-month randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Ana Cristina Távora de Albuquerque Lopes, Nair Cristina Margarido Brondino, Juliana Fraga Soares Bombonatti, Rafael Francisco Lia Mondelli","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1427301","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1427301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present interventional, controlled, randomized, blind clinical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an in-office bleaching procedure with violet LED associated or not with 37% carbamide peroxide, considering as response variables the degree of change and color stability over 12 months and dental sensitivity over a month.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty participants, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were randomly divided into 2 groups (<i>n</i> = 20) according to the bleaching protocol conducted, in two sessions, with a 7-day interval: vLED-violet LED, without gel; vLED/CP-37% carbamide peroxide photocatalyzed with violet LED (control group). In the vLED group, in each session the bleaching was carried out by 2 consecutive irradiation cycles of 25' each (10 × 2' LED + 30\" interval), with 5' interval between cycles. In the vLED/CP group, the gel was applied 5 times in the bleaching session and photocatalyzed 3 times for 2' with 30\" intervals (7'30\" per gel application), totaling 37'30\" per session. Dental sensitivity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the effectiveness of bleaching as a function of the degree of change and color stability (<i>Δ</i>E) with a spectrophotometer. The data were tabulated and submitted to statistical tests (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The VAS analysis showed that some individuals from both groups had mild pain (1 ≤ VAS < 4) during the time intervals evaluated, being more prevalent in the vLED/CP group. Regarding the degree of color change, the groups behaved differently over time (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The <i>Δ</i>E observed for the vLED/CP group was superior in comparison to the vLED group at all evaluated moments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over 12 months, the vLED/CP group was more effective in relation to the bleaching effect compared to the vLED group. Both groups showed low levels of sensitivity in the studied time intervals.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>[https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-6rc23h], identifier [U1111-1253-8850].</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1427301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of oxidative stress in impaired type II diabetic bone repair: scope for antioxidant therapy intervention?","authors":"Pui Li, Kuraym Khalid Kuraym Alenazi, Jordanna Dally, Emma Louise Woods, Rachel Jane Waddington, Ryan Moseley","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1464009","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2024.1464009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impaired bone healing is a significant complication observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to prolonged recovery, increased risk of complications, impaired quality of life, and increased risk of patient morbidity. Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular/tissue antioxidant defence mechanisms, has been identified as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of impaired bone healing in T2DM. Antioxidants have shown promise in mitigating oxidative stress and promoting bone repair, particularly non-enzymic antioxidant entities. This comprehensive narrative review aims to explore the underlying mechanisms and intricate relationship between oxidative stress, impaired bone healing and T2DM, with a specific focus on the current preclinical and clinical evidence advocating the potential of antioxidant therapeutic interventions in improving bone healing outcomes in individuals with T2DM. From the ever-emerging evidence available, it is apparent that exogenously supplemented antioxidants, especially non-enzymic antioxidants, can ameliorate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired cellular function on bone healing processes during uncontrolled hyperglycaemia; and therefore, hold considerable promise as novel efficacious therapeutic entities. However, despite such conclusions, several important gaps in our knowledge remain to be addressed, including studies involving more sophisticated enzymic antioxidant-based delivery systems, further mechanistic studies into how these antioxidants exert their desirable reparative effects; and more extensive clinical trial studies into the optimisation of antioxidant therapy dosing, frequency, duration and their subsequent biodistribution and bioavailability. By enhancing our understanding of such crucial issues, we can fully exploit the oxidative stress-neutralising properties of these antioxidants to develop effective antioxidant interventions to mitigate impaired bone healing and reduce the associated complications in such T2DM patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"5 ","pages":"1464009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}