Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic and prediction value of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging in acute ischemic stroke patients.","authors":"Ronghui Huang, Lin Zhang, Limeng Deng, Jian-Ou Fang","doi":"10.17219/acem/185496","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/185496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current knowledge regarding synthetic magnetic resonance imaging in ischemic stroke (MAGiC) is inadequate.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic prediction value of MAGiC in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective observational study enrolled 197 AIS patients between January 2022 and May 2023. All patients underwent routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scans, doppler ultrasound, MAGiC, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) were also measured, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to evaluate stroke severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T2 and proton density (PD) values were markedly lower in severe patients than in mild-to-moderate patients, and the DCE-MRI Ktrans value was substantially higher in severe patients compared to mild-to-moderate patients. Furthermore, T2 and PD correlated negatively, while Ktrans correlated positively with CRP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) showed T2 and Ktrans to have the best diagnostic potential as MAGiC and DCE-MRI parameters, respectively. As such, combining T2 and Ktrans could improve severe stroke diagnosis accuracy. Moreover, TG, LDL-ch, CRP, T2, and Ktrans were independent risk factors for severe stroke.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T2 and PD MAGiC parameters and the DCE-MRI Ktrans parameter could be used as indices to predict severe stroke, while combining T2 and Ktrans might provide better diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethoxyquin mediates lung fibrosis and cellular immunity in BLM-CIA mice by inhibiting HSP90.","authors":"Jie-Rou Huang, Liang Chen, Chao-Qian Li","doi":"10.17219/acem/186365","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/186365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) are characterized by severe pulmonary fibrosis and immune dysregulation. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is involved in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis and the immune response.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore whether HSP90 regulates the development of RA-ILD and its underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In vivo, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA)-mice were treated with bleomycin (BLM) to establish an arthritic mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. In vitro, human lung fibroblast 1 (HLF1) was exposed to transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) to simulate an RA-ILD model. The RA-ILD models were treated with the HSP90 inhibitor ethoxyquin (EQ) to explore the potential mechanism of HSP90 in RA-ILD. Histopathological analysis was performed, and pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated. The differentiation of M1/M2 macrophages and Th1/Th17/Treg cells was assessed. The role of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway in EQ-mediated RA-ILD progression was also explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HSP90α and HSP90β were upregulated in the RA-ILD models. Ethoxyquin mitigated arthritis in BLM-CIA mice, and reduced the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (Col-1) and fibronectin (FN), as well as hydroxyproline content, thereby relieving pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, EQ increased M1 macrophages and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels; conversely, EQ decreased M2 macrophages and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and TGF-β1 contents. It also decreased Th17 (interleukin (IL)-17) while increasing Th1 (interferon gamma (IFN-γ)) and Treg (Foxp3), and restricted the expression of transforming growth factor beta type receptor I and II (TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII) and the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed that EQ regulated pulmonary fibrosis and cellular immunity by inhibiting HSP90, appearing to act through the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. These findings suggest that EQ holds potential as a therapeutic agent for treating RA-ILD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"211-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibiting circ_0000673 blocks the progression of colorectal cancer through downregulating CPSF6 via targeting miR-548b-3p.","authors":"Shuang Li, Tuoyun Yang, Lu Liu, Baorong Hu, Xi Chen, Wenting Zhao, Xin Hai","doi":"10.17219/acem/186500","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/186500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers, and its progression is regulated by several factors, including circular RNA (circRNA).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the role, or roles, of circ_0000673 in CRC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to detect the expression of circ_0000673, miR-548b-3p and cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 6 (CPSF6) in DLD-1 and RKO cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were used to determine circ_0000673 roles in proliferation. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion abilities. Expression of CPSF6 protein and stem cell-associated proteins were examined using western blot. The putative relationship between miR-548b-3p and circ_0000673 or CPSF6 was verified with dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of circ_0000673 in CRC was also investigated in a tumor xenograft assay in nude mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circ_0000673 expression was increased in CRC tissues and cancer cells. Silencing circ_0000673 reduced tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while also decreasing cell stemness. MiR-548b-3p was found to be a target of circ_0000673, while CPSF6 was a downstream target of miR-548b-3p. The tumor-regulatory effects of si-circ_0000673, anti-miR-548b-3p and oe-CPSF6 were partially reversed by anti-miR-548b-3p, si-CPSF6 and si-circ_0000673, respectively, in rescue assays. Downregulation of circ_0000673 reduced solid tumor growth in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Circ_0000673 inhibition reduced CPSF6 expression by targeting miR-548b-3p, thereby blocking proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC tumor cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"243-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small RNA sequencing highlights a potential regulatory network mediated by Gecko miRNA affecting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Zhaosheng Li, Jing Zhao, Linzhu Lu, Dongchang Tong, Zhen Huang, Yongli Wang, Chun Yi, Xuefei Tian","doi":"10.17219/acem/185253","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/185253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gecko has been widely documented in Chinese scientific literature as an anti-tumor agent for various illnesses for thousands of years, and more recently, it has been examined for its anti-tumor effects on several cancers. The effect of Gecko microRNAs (miRNAs) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not yet been reported.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study was designed to identify miRNAs in Gecko through small RNA sequencing and utilize bioinformatics techniques to construct a potential regulatory network and explore the possible mechanisms of exogenous miRNAs involved in HCC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>RNA was extracted from Gecko tablets, and we screened the Gecko miRNA expression dataset after high-throughput sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify novel Gecko and HCC survival-related miRNA-mRNA cross-species regulation networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>miR-100-5p, miR-99a-5p and miR-101-3p were identified as critical for the role of Geckos in HCC. Nine downstream mRNAs (EZH2, KPNA2, LMNB1, LRRC1, MRGBP, SMARCD1, STMN1, SUB1, and UBE2A) were identified as target genes for critical miRNAs. A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed these key mRNAs might be associated with both the suppression and progression of HCC. The novel network significantly correlated with the abundance of multiple immune cells, as determined with immune infiltration analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that Gecko may inhibit progression and exert a therapeutic effect on HCC by targeting critical miRNA-mRNA networks for cross-species regulation. It also provides a reference for future research and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"227-242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of echinacoside in collagen-induced arthritis via Nrf2/Drp1 pathway.","authors":"Xiaoyan Wang, Lingxinyu Li, Mengyun Zhang, Ruike Ji, Na Li, Kun Wang, Zhufeng Chen","doi":"10.17219/acem/184640","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/184640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative damage plays an important role in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Emerging research evidence suggests that natural antioxidants may effectively ameliorate this disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic effect of echinacoside (ECH) in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and thus elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism in RA.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Collagen-induced arthritis mice were intraperitoneally administered 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (control) or 0.6 mg of ECH every other day for 1 month. Arthritis scores and the number of affected paws were assessed. On day 60, mice were euthanized, synovial tissue specimens were obtained, and serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1â expression levels were measured. Mitochondrial morphologies, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), IL-6, nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) contents in synovium were analyzed and compared between DMSOand ECH-treated CIA mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following ECH treatment, mitochondria of CIA-induced mice were found to be elongated, while their arthritis scores, inflammation and the number of affected paws, and the expression levels of Drp1, NLRP3, IL-6, ROS, and Keap1 were all found to be significantly reduced. Conversely, the level of antioxidant factor Nrf2 was found to be elevated. Further, mitochondrial fission was found to be inhibited in synovial tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings validate the therapeutic efficacy of ECH in the CIA mouse model. Echinacoside may suppress oxidative stress and inhibit inflammation by regulating the Nrf2/Drp1 pathway, thus supporting its utility in the treatment of RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"199-209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From hallucinations to delusions: A narrative review of psychotic-like experiences and their implications.","authors":"Katarzyna Logoń, Gabriela J Świrkosz, Krzysztof Kowalski","doi":"10.17219/acem/186815","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/186815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) refer to sub-threshold hallucinations and delusions observed in both clinical samples and the general population. Psychotic-like experiences have far-reaching implications for an individual's coping strategies and daily functioning. They are associated with both psychotic and non-psychotic disorders. This article presents a comprehensive review of the current literature on PLEs, incorporating a detailed exploration of the definition, prevalence, risk factors, functional impairments, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Medline/PubMed and Embase were searched to establish and identify the literature. A total of 108 studies met our inclusion criteria. The genetic and biochemical backgrounds of PLEs are discussed, focusing on gene polymorphisms, changes in brain gyrification and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction. Psychological factors, such as trauma exposure, emotion regulation difficulties, cognitive biases, and attachment issues, were thoroughly examined, especially in terms of their impact on the emergence of PLEs. Here, we show how important the clinical aspects of developmental PLEs are, underlining the significance of an increased risk of self-harm and suicidal behaviors in those individuals and the comorbidity of psychiatric disorders in enabling clinicians to discern specific areas to observe. Although there is limited evidence on effective protocols for PLE management, various treatment approaches are explained. Despite increased research on PLEs in recent years, further investigation is needed to fully understand the nature of PLEs and to optimize therapeutic strategies. This article consolidates the current knowledge by synthesizing information on PLEs, including risk factors, comorbidities, treatments, and their impact on individual's lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"283-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical impedance tomography confirmed the impact of the method of delivery of term neonates on early lung aeration.","authors":"Adomas Janulionis, Viktorija Sutova, Vita Langiene, Ernestas Virsilas, Violeta Drejeriene, Arunas Liubsys, Arunas Valiulis","doi":"10.17219/acem/190742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/190742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of infants born via cesarean section (CS) is increasing globally due to medical and cultural reasons.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine the effect of the mode of delivery on early lung aeration in newborns using electrical impedance tomography (EIT).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The case-control study was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021. It included 32 term neonates delivered by CS and 20 term neonates delivered by normal vaginal delivery (NVD) as controls. Electrical impedance tomography examinations were performed with a Swisstom BB2 device with NEO SensorBelt and 32 integrated electrodes at 47.68 Hz. Three data recordings were conducted within 30, 60 and 90 min (mean times: 13, 62 and 93 min, respectively) after the birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cesarean section neonates, compared to those delivered by NVD, had greater non-aerated areas in gravity-dependent lung regions at the 2nd recording (p = 0.04). The CS group showed lower changes in lung stretch at the 2nd and 3rd recording compared to the NVD group (p = 0.022 and p = 0.032, respectively). In the study group, lung regions with the lowest stretch (10-20%, 20-30% and 30-40%) corresponded with increased total lung capacities 1 h after birth compared to the control group (p = 0.024, p = 0.004 and p = 0.044, respectively). Measurements from the 1st and 3rd EIT recording showed a greater distribution of tidal volume (TV) in the right lung toward the central regions among CS neonates compared to NVD neonates, whereas NVD neonates showed increased distribution of TV toward the central-ventral regions of the right lung immediately after birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mode of delivery significantly affects early postnatal lung aeration in term neonates assessed using EIT. Caesarean section neonates were characterized by poorer aeration in gravity-dependent lung regions, whereas NVD neonates demonstrated greater changes in lung stretch and more intense tissue expansion, potentially leading to better postnatal adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of vitamin D supplementation on symptom severity and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Shuang Qi, Meng Zhao, Yinuo Sun, Sunaina Boro, Bhawna Arora, Sanjay Rastogi","doi":"10.17219/acem/191463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/191463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D supplementation could offer irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients significant improvements in terms of symptom severity and overall quality of life (QoL). Yet, the potential benefits and risks associated with vitamin D supplementation still require additional investigation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on IBS using a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was carried out utilizing 4 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to identify articles published in English-language peer-reviewed journals. The odds ratios (ORs), risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs), along with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), were computed. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the appropriate p-value and Cochrane Q and I2 statistics. For the analysis, RevMan 5.3 was utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine randomized controlled trials involving a total of 780 participants were included in this study. Vitamin D supplementation, in adolescents and young adults with IBS, improves the IBS symptoms severity score, QoL and serum 25(OH)D levels compared to controls. We obtained an OR of 2.34 (95% CI: 1.56-3.50) for change in the IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS), OR = 2.51 (95% CI: 1.71-3.70) for change in QoL, low risk of any adverse events (RR 0.49 (95% CI: 0.35-0.69)), and substantial changes in serum 25(OH)D level (MD = 11.29 (95% CI: 7.13-15.45)). Results were statistically significant (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D supplementation could lead to better IBS management with a low risk of adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of psychological interventions in enhancing the quality of life of patients diagnosed with cancer and psychiatric disorders: An umbrella analysis.","authors":"Hong Guo, Yang Yang","doi":"10.17219/acem/190503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/190503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychosocial interventions encompass psychotherapy and psychological education that explicitly target psychosocial adaptation. These interventions have been shown to have a substantial positive effect on reducing anxiety and depression, as well as improving overall quality of life (QoL). Nevertheless, there is still no consensus concerning the therapeutic effectiveness of these interventions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted to determine the efficacy of psychological interventions in improving the QoL and psychological wellbeing of patients with cancer and mental illness.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) was used to evaluate research methodological rigor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 12 papers analyzed in this umbrella review explored psychological therapy for cancer and psychiatric patients. The included reviews covered in total 8,198 studies. The AMSTAR-2 rated 8 of 12 studies as high-quality and 4 as intermediate. A total of 369 studies examined cancer, 166 schizophrenia and 165 psychoses. Psychological therapy improved the QoL for cancer, schizophrenia and psychosis by 1.87, 1.48 and 1.61, respectively. Psychiatric and cancer patients have anxiety, sleep issues and a lower QoL. This umbrella study showed that psychological interventions improved QoL in both groups of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological therapy appears to improve cancer and mental illness patients' QoL and wellbeing. Most evidence is from highand middle-income nations. Therefore, further high-quality research that covers a larger geographical area and rigorous systematic reviews with complete meta-analyses is needed to gain useful insights in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemopreventive role of β-caryophyllene in DMBA-induced skin cancer: Modulation of apoptotic pathways and PI3K/Akt signaling in Swiss albino mice.","authors":"Ying Sun, Yingying Ma, Hailiang Wang","doi":"10.17219/acem/194482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/194482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The skin, with its robust structural integrity and advanced immune defense system, serves as a critical protective barrier against environmental toxins and carcinogenic compounds. Despite this, it remains vulnerable to the harmful effects of certain hazardous agents.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the chemopreventive potential of β-caryophyllene (BCP) in mitigating 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin carcinogenesis, focusing on the modulation of apoptosis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Swiss albino mice were utilized to assess the preventive effects of BCP in DMBA-induced skin cancer. Skin carcinogenesis was initiated by topical DMBA application, followed by promotion using croton oil. To evaluate the chemopreventive efficacy of BCP, a 50 mg/kg oral dose was administered 3 times a week for 16 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BCP treatment in DMBA-induced skin cancer mice significantly reduced tumor incidence, tumor burden and the total number of papillomas compared to untreated DMBA-exposed mice. Notably, BCP administration (p < 0.05) resulted in a marked increase in body weight and improvement in antioxidant enzyme activity. Additionally, BCP treatment led to significant reductions in lipid peroxidation and enhanced detoxification enzyme function. Histological examination of DMBA-induced skin tissues revealed the presence of keratin pearls, well-differentiated tumor cells and neutrophil infiltration. In contrast, BCP-treated mice showed only mild hyperplasia, dysplasia and moderate keratosis, suggesting a lower degree of tissue damage. Furthermore, BCP demonstrated a protective effect on liver histology, counteracting the toxic effects of DMBA exposure. Gene expression analysis revealed that BCP treatment significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated the pro-apoptotic genes Bax, p53, caspase-3 and caspase-9, while downregulating the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, BCP treatment led to a marked reduction in the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, which are key regulators of cell proliferation and survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides compelling evidence that the antioxidant and pro-apoptotic effects of β-caryophyllene contribute to its chemopreventive properties in DMBA-induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. The modulation of key apoptotic signaling pathways and the suppression of the PI3K/Akt pathway by BCP underscores its potential as a therapeutic agent for preventing skin cancer. These findings pave the way for further exploration of BCP as a promising candidate for skin cancer prevention and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}