Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer in 2022: Evidence from the GLOBOCAN Study.","authors":"Rajesh Sharma, Jagdish Khubchandani","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040053","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tracheal Bronchus and Lung cancers (TBL) represent one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. This study aimed to examine the disease and economic burden of TBL cancers in 185 countries worldwide in 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The estimates of TBL cancer incidence and mortality (counts and age-standardized rates) were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 data produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIR) were utilized as a proxy of 5-year survival rates. Multivariate regression was utilized to examine the association between TBL cancer burden and tobacco use prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, there were 2.48 million incident cases and 1.82 million deaths due to TBL cancers in 2022. Males accounted for 63.4% of incident cases (1.57 million) and 67.85% of TBL deaths (1.23 million) in 2022. For both sexes combined, the age-standardized rate was 23.1 per 100,000, and the age-standardized mortality rate was 16.8/100,000. The Mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) at the global level stood at 0.71. Eastern Asia had the largest burden of TBL cancers among the 21 UN-defined regions, with around 51% of incident cases (1.24 million) and 46.9% of global deaths (851,876), followed by Northern America (incidence: 257,284; deaths: 150,675) and Eastern Europe (incidence: 158,141; deaths: 126,840). At the country level, human development index (HDI) and adult tobacco use prevalence could explain 67% and 64% variation in ASIR and ASMR, respectively. HDI was statistically significantly related to MIR, explaining a 48% variation in MIR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With 1.9 million deaths in 2022, TBL cancer is a significant global cause of mortality. Despite the knowledge and awareness of smoking and lung cancer, adult smoking rates remain high in many countries, including the United States and China. Renewed and sustained global efforts are needed to reduce smoking prevalence and PM2.5 levels, particularly in China and low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"785-795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11675692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Maturation of the International Health Crisis Response: The Polish Typhus Epidemic of 1916-1923 Compared to the African Ebola Virus Disease Epidemic of 2013-2016: Part I, the Polish Epidemic.","authors":"Gregory M Anstead","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040051","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poland suffered an epidemic of louse-borne typhus from 1916-1923, with 400,000 cases and more than 130,000 deaths. The causative factors were depressed economic conditions and a refugee crisis that engulfed Poland after World War I. The recognition of the epidemic in 1919 stimulated the creation of the League of Red Cross Societies (LRCS). However, the LCRS had limited resources, and the Poles requested help from other governments and the League of Nations (LoN). The United States sent the American-Polish Relief Expedition to conduct delousing. However, the Polish-Soviet War of 1920 disrupted typhus control and exacerbated the refugee situation. The LoN belatedly organized an underfunded Epidemic Commission. The LCRS sent a research team that did groundbreaking work on the pathology of typhus. Into 1921, the epidemic continued, driven by refugees from typhus-stricken Russia. By 1924, typhus cases were finally approaching pre-World War I levels. Multiple factors lead to the amelioration of the epidemic. The repatriation of prisoners of war and displaced civilians had concluded by 1923. Also, there had been a steady influx of sanitary, food, economic, and medical aid from various organizations into Poland since 1919. Administratively, within Poland, the anti-typhus campaign was also conducted more effectively by the Extraordinary Epidemic Commissariat.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"728-769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11675154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Physician-Insurance Contracting Contributes to the Medical Exodus and Access to Ophthalmic Care in Puerto Rico.","authors":"Luma Al-Attar, Rafael A Ocasio Diaz, Andrea N Ponce, Hossein Zare","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Puerto Rico (PR) has experienced significant demographic changes, characterized primarily by an aging population and an unprecedented exodus of medical doctors. Ophthalmologists are of particular concern as they commonly serve older populations, and the island has high rates of some age-related eye diseases in the United States (US). Our research aims to investigate the factors driving ophthalmologists in PR to emigrate to the mainland US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study among ophthalmologists in PR, using survey data collected from May to June 2023. This study recruited a convenient sample of all ophthalmologists practicing in PR via outreach in person and online communities. The survey covered various types of challenges faced by ophthalmologists, their demographics, and practice details. STATA/BE 18 statistical software was used for data analysis. Statistical tests, such as chi-square and proportion tests, were performed, stratifying results by age, gender, subspecialty, geographic health districts, experience, and practice type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 130 of the estimated 218 ophthalmologists in PR, insurance/billing issues were identified as the primary challenge to practicing in PR and the primary reason to leave PR. The challenges that were identified included required authorizations for patient care, unjustified claim rejections, and threats of contract cancellation. We found that new ophthalmologists (≤15 years of practice) faced more specific challenges than experienced ophthalmologists (>15 years of practice), such as difficulty in obtaining insurance contracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Insurance/billing issues are a pervasive concern for ophthalmologists in PR. New ophthalmologists are disproportionately affected by these challenges, potentially leading some to find employment outside of PR. There is a need for targeted policies-regulation of insurance contracting and increased reimbursement from private insurance plans-to reduce insurance contracting barriers for keeping a sustainable physician workforce in PR.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"715-727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Conquests to Epidemics in 18th-Century South America: A Reflection on Social Resilience and Reconstruction: Review of the Literature.","authors":"Jorge Hugo Villafañe","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>This narrative review examines resilience and social reconstruction strategies implemented during the 1742-1743 plague along the Royal Road between Buenos Aires and Lima. The study explores how colonial authorities managed the epidemic and its long-term effects, providing insights into historical crisis management and public health governance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic analysis of primary and secondary historical records was conducted to identify public health measures, such as quarantines, hospital construction, and administrative reforms. Sources were retrieved from archives and databases, focusing on resilience strategies and institutional responses to the epidemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlight key public health interventions designed to contain the epidemic and mitigate its impacts. These included the establishment of quarantines, the construction of temporary hospitals, and administrative adaptations. Religious practices, such as novenas and community prayers, complemented institutional responses. The study underscores the role of colonial governance in adapting under epidemic pressures, illustrating an emergent institutional resilience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 1742-1743 plague along the Royal Road serves as a case study for understanding the intersection of health crises and institutional adaptability. The review emphasizes the importance of coordinated public health measures and governance in addressing pandemics, offering lessons on resilience and social reconstruction applicable to contemporary health crises. This historical perspective enriches current discussions on crisis management and public health policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"706-714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Two-Country Questionnaire Study of Biomedical Student Opinions Regarding Online Teaching During COVID-19.","authors":"Irena Ognjanovic, Irina Yakushina, Elena Shustikova, Maria Mikerova, Vladimir Reshetnikov, Sara Mijailovic, Jelena Nedeljkovic, Dragan Milovanovic, Ljiljana Tasic, Vladimir Jakovljevic, Tamara Nikolic Turnic","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040048","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the opinions of biomedical students from Russia and Central Serbia about learning methods in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a comparative questionnaire study that used the validated questionnaire tool eMedQ, conducted via the online platform Anketolog.ru from February to May 2022 at Sechenov University and the University of Kragujevac in the same period. At Sechenov University, 694 students took part in the survey, while at the University of Kragujevac, the total number of participants was 209. The eMedQ questionnaire, in Russian and Serbian, consists of 45 closed-ended questions with 7 domains: demographic characteristics, experience with online teaching, education process (teaching organization), aspects of mental functioning, clinical skills, technical aspects, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the COVID-19 lockdown, in Serbian and Russian biomedical faculties, we observed the high flexibility of Russian students with greater experience when it comes to online education before the pandemic compared to students from Serbia. Also, the Russian students declared that they were strongly motivated to achieve clinical skills and to learn, while a larger number of Serbian students reported disrupted mental functioning and learning problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At the time of isolation, at Serbian and Russian biomedical faculties, we noticed the higher flexibility of Russian students with more experience than students from Serbia. Also, the Russian students declared that they were strongly motivated both to acquire clinical skills and to learn, while a larger number of Serbian students reported reduced mental functioning and learning problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"692-705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Big Epidemiology: The Birth, Life, Death, and Resurgence of Diseases on a Global Timescale.","authors":"Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Thorsten Lehr","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040047","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Big Epidemiology represents an innovative framework that extends the interdisciplinary approach of Big History to understand disease patterns, causes, and effects across human history on a global scale. This comprehensive methodology integrates epidemiology, genetics, environmental science, sociology, history, and data science to address contemporary and future public health challenges through a broad historical and societal lens. The foundational research agenda involves mapping the historical occurrence of diseases and their impact on societies over time, utilizing archeological findings, biological data, and historical records. By analyzing skeletal remains, ancient DNA, and artifacts, researchers can trace the origins and spread of diseases, such as <i>Yersinia pestis</i> in the Black Death. Historical documents, including chronicles and medical treatises, provide contextual narratives and quantitative data on past disease outbreaks, societal responses, and disruptions. Modern genetic studies reveal the evolution and migration patterns of pathogens and human adaptations to diseases, offering insights into co-evolutionary dynamics. This integrative approach allows for temporal and spatial mapping of disease patterns, linking them to social upheavals, population changes, and economic transformations. Big Epidemiology also examines the roles of environmental changes and socioeconomic factors in disease emergence and re-emergence, incorporating climate science, urban development, and economic history to inform public health strategies. The framework reviews historical and contemporary policy responses to pandemics, aiming to enhance future global health governance. By addressing ethical, legal, and societal implications, Big Epidemiology seeks to ensure responsible and effective epidemiological research and interventions. This approach aims to profoundly impact how we understand, prevent, and respond to diseases, leveraging historical perspectives to enrich modern scientific inquiry and global public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"669-691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cycle Threshold Values of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR during Outbreaks in Nursing Homes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Juan Carlos Gascó-Laborda, Maria Gil-Fortuño, Maria Dolores Tirado-Balaguer, Noemi Meseguer-Ferrer, Oihana Sabalza-Baztán, Óscar Pérez-Olaso, Iris Gómez-Alfaro, Sandrine Poujois-Gisbert, Noelia Hernández-Pérez, Lledó Lluch-Bacas, Viorica Rusen, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia5040046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Backgound/Objectives: Cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests are associated with infectivity and viral load, and they could be an aid in forecasting the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. The objective was to know the Ct values related to the incidence and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 in successive outbreaks, which took place in nursing homes in Castellon (Spain) during 2020-2022, and to test its usefulness as an instrument of epidemic surveillance in nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a retrospective cohort design with Poisson regression and multinomial logistic regression were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We studied four nursing home SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, and the average infection rate, reinfection rate, and case fatality were 72.7%, 19.9%, and 5.5%, respectively; 98.9% of residents were vaccinated with three doses of a mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Ct values for first infections and reinfections were 27.1 ± 6.6 and 31.9 ± 5.4 (<i>p</i> = 0.000). Considering Ct values ≥ 30 versus <30, residents with reinfections had Ct values higher than residents with a first infection, an adjusted relative risk of 1.66 (95% Confidence interval 1.10-2.51). A sensitivity analysis confirmed these results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reinfection and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (hybrid immunity) could protect against severe disease better than vaccination alone. High Ct values suggest lower transmission and severity. Its value can be useful for surveillance and forecasting future SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"658-668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience, Anger, and Insomnia in Nurses after the End of the Pandemic Crisis.","authors":"Argyro Pachi, Aspasia Panagiotou, Nikolaos Soultanis, Maria Ivanidou, Maria Manta, Christos Sikaras, Ioannis Ilias, Athanasios Tselebis","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia5040045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nurses seem to be persistently experiencing intense psychological repercussions, even after the official conclusion of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study conducted after the end of the pandemic crisis, from 1 June 2023 to 30 June 2023, we evaluated the levels and explored the associations between anger, insomnia, and resilience among Greek nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 441 nurses participated in an online survey and were invited to state their work experience, gender, and age and to complete the self-report measures of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5 (DAR-5), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 62.1% of the participants presented with positive scores on the AIS, and 41.5% displayed positive values on the DAR-5 scale, whereas 24.9% demonstrated scores indicative of low resilience on the BRS. A regression analysis revealed that 23.5% of the variance in the AIS scores can be attributed to the DAR-5 scores and 3% to the BRS scores. A mediation analysis confirmed the protective role of resilience, contributing as a negative mediator in the DAR-5 and AIS relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Screening for insomnia symptoms and anger issues among nurses after the end of the pandemic and implementing appropriate interventions is considered imperative to avoid long-term health consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"643-657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Economic and Health Literacy Inequalities as Determinants of Women's Knowledge about Their Reproductive System: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Viktória Prémusz, Kálmán András Kovács, Eszter Skriba, Zoltán Tándor, Gábor Szmatona, Olívia Dózsa-Juhász","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5040044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia5040044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>To support women's informed decisions and reproductive self-care, confident reproductive health-related knowledge is needed, supported by adequate health literacy (HL). No corresponding survey has been carried out in Hungary on inequalities to provide information addressing education.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In the current cross-sectional online survey, 301 women of reproductive age (27.16 ± 0.36 years) were asked with the Hungarian versions of validated and standardised questionnaires about reproductive knowledge on hormones, ovulation, menstrual cycle, pregnancy signs and birth control (Knowledge of Female Body Scale-KFB), and HL (Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool-BRIEF). Spearman correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses were utilised, with a significance level set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. IBM SPSS version 28.0 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp.) and G*Power (version 3.1.9.7; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany) software. The STROBE checklist was followed. The Clinical Trial Registry Nr. is NCT06146673.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The KFB composite score was high (20.01 ± 2.33); 86.374% had \"high knowledge\". Still, lacking information was identified for the mechanisms of certain contraceptive methods and early physical signs of pregnancy. A significant difference was also found in the KFB scores in the case of higher age (<i>p</i> = 0.019), higher education level (<i>p</i> = 0.018) and previous live birth (<i>p</i> = 0.028). A positive correlation was found between KFB and HL (<i>p</i> < 0.001), education (<i>p</i> = 0.005), and age (<i>p</i> = 0.021). A multiple regression analysis (R² = 0.087, <i>p</i> < 0.001) indicated that both HL (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and age (<i>p</i> = 0.003) are potential positive predictors of adequate reproductive knowledge, whereas induced abortion (<i>p</i> = 0.013) might serve as an inverse predictor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inequalities in women's knowledge about their reproductive system and HL were found, and it was significantly the lowest in their highest conception probability age. Therefore, in addition to targeted education, HL also needs improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 4","pages":"627-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Consumption and Cancer Risk: Two Sample Mendelian Randomization.","authors":"Yongho Jee, Mikyung Ryu, Jae-Woong Sull","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia5030043","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia5030043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although numerous observational studies have reported on the association between alcohol consumption and cancer, insufficient studies have estimated the causality. Our study evaluated the causal relationship between various types of cancer according to the frequency of drinking and the amount of alcohol consumed. The research data were obtained from the publicly available MR-Base platform. The frequency and amount of drinking were selected as the exposure, and 16 cancer types were selected as the outcome. Two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization (2SMR) was conducted to examine the causality between alcohol consumption and cancer type. Additionally, for cancers suspected of pleiotropy, outliers were removed and re-analyzed through radial MR. The MR results using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method were different before and after removing outliers. The biggest differences were found for esophageal cancer and biliary tract cancer. For esophageal cancer, after removing outliers (rs13102973, rs540606, rs650558), the OR (95% CI) was 3.44 (1.19-9.89), which was statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.02172). Even in biliary tract cancer, after removing outliers (rs13231886, rs58905411), the OR (95% CI) was 3.86 (0.89-16.859), which was of borderline statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.07223). The strongest association was found for esophageal cancer. For other cancers, the evidence was not sufficient to draw conclusions. More research is needed to understand the causality between drinking and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 3","pages":"618-626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}