Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献_第10页

Assessment of the National Test Strategy on the Development of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Denmark. 评估丹麦 COVID-19 大流行病发展的国家测试战略。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2040037

Peter Kamp Busk, Thomas Birk Kristiansen, Allan Engsig-Karup

{"title":"Assessment of the National Test Strategy on the Development of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Denmark.","authors":"Peter Kamp Busk, Thomas Birk Kristiansen, Allan Engsig-Karup","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2040037","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia2040037","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, Denmark has pursued a mass testing strategy culminating in the testing of 12.167 individuals per 100,000 inhabitants per day during the spring of 2021. The strategy included free access to COVID-19 testing, and since 2021, compulsory documentation for negative tests or vaccination has been required for access to workplace, educational institutions, restaurants, and many other places. Testing and subsequent isolation if testing was positive were voluntary. The present study provides an analysis of whether testing frequency in Denmark showed any correlation to hospitalizations throughout the relevant stages of the pandemic. Mass testing was found not to correlate significantly with the number of hospitalizations during the pandemic. Interestingly, during the highest level of testing in spring 2021 the fraction of positive tests increased slightly; thus, the Danish mass testing strategy, at its best, failed to reduce the prevalence of COVID-19. Furthermore, the relationship between positives in antigen testing and in rt-PCR testing indicated that many patients were not tested early in their infection when the risk of transmission was at the highest. In conclusion, the Danish mass testing strategy for COVID-19 does not appear to have a detectable correlation to the number of hospitalizations due to COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"2 4","pages":"540-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10703937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysing the Launch of COVID-19 Vaccine National Rollouts: Nine Case Studies. COVID-19疫苗国家推广启动分析:9个案例研究。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2040036

John Gannon, Razieh Azari, Marta Lomazzi, Bettina Borisch

{"title":"Analysing the Launch of COVID-19 Vaccine National Rollouts: Nine Case Studies.","authors":"John Gannon, Razieh Azari, Marta Lomazzi, Bettina Borisch","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2040036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia2040036","url":null,"abstract":"In late 2020 and early 2021, with the eagerly anticipated regulatory approval of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the urgent global effort to inoculate populations against this devastating virus was underway. These case studies examine the early stages of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts across nine regions from around the world (Brazil, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Nigeria, Taiwan, United Kingdom and United States). By evaluating and comparing different approaches used to immunize against a novel pathogen, it is possible to learn a great deal about which methods were successful, and in which areas strategies can be improved. This information is applicable to the ongoing global vaccination against this virus, as well as in the event of future pandemics. Research was conducted by following and tracking the progress of vaccine rollouts in the nine regions, using published clinical trials, government documents and news reports as sources of data. Results relate to the proportion of populations that had received at least one COVID-19 dose by 28 February 2021. Outcomes are discussed in the context of three key pillars integral to all immunization programs: procurement of vaccines, communication with the public and distribution of doses to individuals.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"2 4","pages":"519-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10324202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Control of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Success Case Based on Deltamethrin 4% Collars. 4%溴氰菊酯项圈防治犬内脏利什曼病的成功案例

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-10-14 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2040035

Vera Lucia Fonseca de Camargo-Neves, Eliana Bravo Calemes, Lilian Aparecida Colebrusco Rodas, Fredy Galvis-Ovallos, Luis Jacintho da Silva

引用次数: 1

Epidemiological Analysis of COVID-19 Cases in Native Amazonian Communities from Peru. 秘鲁亚马逊土著社区 COVID-19 病例的流行病学分析。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2040034

Cecilia Pajuelo-Reyes, Hugo J Valencia, Carla C Montenegro, Eduardo Quezada, Lizandro Gonzales, Norma Cruz, Carlos Canelo, Carla Ordinola, Jorge L Maicelo Quintana, Juan R Tejedo, Rafael Tapia-Limonchi, Stella M Chenet

引用次数: 0

Data-Driven Deep-Learning Algorithm for Asymptomatic COVID-19 Model with Varying Mitigation Measures and Transmission Rate. 针对无症状 COVID-19 模型的数据驱动深度学习算法，具有不同的缓解措施和传播率。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2040033

K D Olumoyin, A Q M Khaliq, K M Furati

{"title":"Data-Driven Deep-Learning Algorithm for Asymptomatic COVID-19 Model with Varying Mitigation Measures and Transmission Rate.","authors":"K D Olumoyin, A Q M Khaliq, K M Furati","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2040033","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia2040033","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemiological models with constant parameters may not capture satisfactory infection patterns in the presence of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical mitigation measures during a pandemic, since infectiousness is a function of time. In this paper, an Epidemiology-Informed Neural Network algorithm is introduced to learn the time-varying transmission rate for the COVID-19 pandemic in the presence of various mitigation scenarios. There are asymptomatic infectives, mostly unreported, and the proposed algorithm learns the proportion of the total infective individuals that are asymptomatic infectives. Using cumulative and daily reported cases of the symptomatic infectives, we simulate the impact of non-pharmaceutical mitigation measures such as early detection of infectives, contact tracing, and social distancing on the basic reproduction number. We demonstrate the effectiveness of vaccination on the transmission of COVID-19. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using error metrics in the data-driven simulation for COVID-19 data of Italy, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"2 4","pages":"471-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10328399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing Different Needs: The Challenges Faced by India as the Largest Vaccine Manufacturer While Conducting the World's Biggest COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign. 满足不同需求:印度作为最大的疫苗生产国在开展全球最大的COVID-19疫苗接种运动时面临的挑战

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-17 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2030032

Cinja Nadana Koller, Cléo Josephine Schwerzmann, Alexia Suzanne Aimée Lang, Eleni Alexiou, Jaya Krishnakumar

{"title":"Addressing Different Needs: The Challenges Faced by India as the Largest Vaccine Manufacturer While Conducting the World's Biggest COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign.","authors":"Cinja Nadana Koller, Cléo Josephine Schwerzmann, Alexia Suzanne Aimée Lang, Eleni Alexiou, Jaya Krishnakumar","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2030032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia2030032","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some of the challenges that countries face when balancing domestic and global necessities, for example with regard to vaccine needs, production and distribution. As India hosts one of the world's largest vaccine manufacturing industries and has one of the most extensive vaccination strategies, the country is particularly exposed to these challenges. This has become all the more obvious as the country experienced a second pandemic wave in the first half of 2021, which has led to a total ban on exports of COVID-19 vaccines. An analysis of the national vaccination strategy and the domestic vaccine industry through review of peer-reviewed literature, grey literature, and news reports showed the fragile balance between domestic and international needs. A numerical comparison of India's domestic COVID-19 vaccine needs, export agreements, and production capacities was conducted. It was found that at current production rates as of April 2021, meeting all of the needs and complying with all of the agreements would be impossible. Scale-ups in production, as promised by the industry, however, will enable the achievement of all targets in the long term.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"2 3","pages":"454-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10323964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

COVID-19 Outbreak Management and Vaccination Strategy in The United States of America. 美利坚合众国COVID-19疫情管理和疫苗接种战略。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2030031

Sara Aicha Amara, Estefany Daniella Díaz, Lakshmi Krishna Menon, Priyanka Singh, Liudmila Rozanova, Antoine Flahault

引用次数: 1

COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in China: A Case Study. 中国的 COVID-19 疫苗接种策略：案例研究。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2030030

Marjan Mohamadi, Yuling Lin, Mélissa Vuillet Soit Vulliet, Antoine Flahault, Liudmila Rozanova, Guilhem Fabre

{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in China: A Case Study.","authors":"Marjan Mohamadi, Yuling Lin, Mélissa Vuillet Soit Vulliet, Antoine Flahault, Liudmila Rozanova, Guilhem Fabre","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2030030","DOIUrl":"10.3390/epidemiologia2030030","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China was first reported to the World Health Organization on 31 December 2019, after the first cases were officially identified around 8 December 2019. However, the case of an infected patient of 55 years old can probably be traced back on 17 November. The spreading has been rapid and heterogeneous. Economic, political and social impacts have not been long overdue. This paper, based on English, French and Chinese research in national and international databases, aims to study the COVID-19 situation in China through the management of the outbreak and the Chinese response to vaccination strategy. The coronavirus disease pandemic is under control in China through non-pharmaceutical interventions, and the mass vaccination program has been launched to further prevent the disease and progressed steadily with 483.34 million doses having been administered across the country by 21 May 2021. China is also acting as an important player in the development and production of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"2 3","pages":"402-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10690445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Delayed Vaccination Regimens: A Mathematical Modeling Approach. 延迟疫苗接种方案分析:一种数学建模方法。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2030021

Gilberto Gonzalez-Parra

{"title":"Analysis of Delayed Vaccination Regimens: A Mathematical Modeling Approach.","authors":"Gilberto Gonzalez-Parra","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2030021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia2030021","url":null,"abstract":"The first round of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in early December of 2020 in a few countries. There are several vaccines, and each has a different efficacy and mechanism of action. Several countries, for example, the United Kingdom and the USA, have been able to develop consistent vaccination programs where a great percentage of the population has been vaccinated (May 2021). However, in other countries, a low percentage of the population has been vaccinated due to constraints related to vaccine supply and distribution capacity. Countries such as the USA and the UK have implemented different vaccination strategies, and some scholars have been debating the optimal strategy for vaccine campaigns. This problem is complex due to the great number of variables that affect the relevant outcomes. In this article, we study the impact of different vaccination regimens on main health outcomes such as deaths, hospitalizations, and the number of infected. We develop a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission to focus on this important health policy issue. Thus, we are able to identify the optimal strategy regarding vaccination campaigns. We find that for vaccines with high efficacy (>70%) after the first dose, the optimal strategy is to delay inoculation with the second dose. On the other hand, for a low first dose vaccine efficacy, it is better to use the standard vaccination regimen of 4 weeks between doses. Thus, under the delayed second dose option, a campaign focus on generating a certain immunity in as great a number of people as fast as possible is preferable to having an almost perfect immunity in fewer people first. Therefore, based on these results, we suggest that the UK implemented a better vaccination campaign than that in the USA with regard to time between doses. The results presented here provide scientific guidelines for other countries where vaccination campaigns are just starting, or the percentage of vaccinated people is small.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":"271-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/epidemiologia2030021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39585947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Sex Differences in Cancer-Specific Survival Are Pronounced during Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A SEER Population-Based Study. 青春期和青年期癌症特异性生存率的性别差异是明显的:一项基于SEER人群的研究。

Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2030029

Iyad Sultan, Justin Z Amarin, Razan Mansour, Hala Sultan, Maysa Al-Hussaini

{"title":"Sex Differences in Cancer-Specific Survival Are Pronounced during Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A SEER Population-Based Study.","authors":"Iyad Sultan, Justin Z Amarin, Razan Mansour, Hala Sultan, Maysa Al-Hussaini","doi":"10.3390/epidemiologia2030029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia2030029","url":null,"abstract":"Sex differences in cancer survival may be related to hormonal changes during puberty and menopause; therefore, we investigated sex differences in the cancer-specific survival rates of children, adolescents and young adults (AYAs), and older adults with sex-nonspecific cancers. We interrogated the November 2019 submission of the SEER 18 database and included microscopically confirmed cases of first primary malignant tumors. We stratified the dataset into children (<15 years), AYAs (modified; 15-49 years), and older adults (≥50 years). For each age group, we used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the sex-stratified 5-year all-site cancer-specific survival probabilities. Of 3,386,276 eligible patients, 45,124 (1.3%) were children, 548,158 (16.2%) were AYAs, and 2,792,994 (82.5%) were older adults. The 5-year all-site cancer-specific survival probabilities were 84.0% (95% CI, 83.5%-84.5%) for boys, 84.8% (95% CI, 84.3%-85.3%) for girls, 70.4% (95% CI, 70.2%-70.6%) for male AYAs, 80.8% (95% CI, 80.6%-81.0%) for female AYAs, 52.0% (95% CI, 51.9%-52.1%) for older adult men, and 52.2% (95% CI, 52.1%-52.3%) for older adult women. The all-site survival rate for female patients with cancer is markedly higher than for male patients with cancer during adolescence and young adulthood, although this difference diminishes in older adulthood.","PeriodicalId":72944,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiolgia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"2 3","pages":"391-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9620934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10318038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3